SI26248A - Bushings of a linear sliding guide system and the process of its manufacture - Google Patents

Abstract

The subject of the invention is a bushing (4) of a linear sliding guide (3) in a mechanical guide system, wherein the bushing is designed with an opening (5) for receiving a guide column (12), and the bushing (4) contains an outer jacket (6) and at least one sleeve (9), whereby on the inner surface (7) of the outer jacket (6) at least one impression protrusion (8) is positioned, which has a height (H) in the radial direction of the cross-section, and which is sunk into a recess (11) on on the outer surface (10) of the sleeve (6), so that an indestructible joint is formed between the outer jacket (6) and the sleeve (9) due to the form-fitting assembly between the impression protrusion (8) and the recess (11). The bushing (4) according to the invention improves the connection between the sleeve (9) and the outer jacket (6) and thus the accuracy and repeatability of the positioning of the first face of the tool with respect to the second face of the tool during operation, for example in tools for forming metal or plastic products or semi-finished products. The bushing manufacturing process (4) is also described.

Description

Linear sliding guide system bushing and its manufacturing process

The subject of the invention relates to an improved bushing and a process for making a bushing for use in mechanical guide systems, the improvement relating primarily to the joint between the sleeve and the outer casing of the bushing.

Mechanical guides or guide systems enable the movement of a certain element in the assembly only in a certain direction, and we want the movement in this direction to be as unobstructed as possible, without friction, and for the movement to be very precise, which means with the least possible deviation outside of this direction. Linear guide systems enable the movement of the element in the assembly in a linear direction. For example, linear guide systems are used in various machines and provide the desired accuracy and repeatability of positioning, for example in tools for forming metal or plastic products or semi-finished products.

The basic elements of a linear guide system are at least one bushing and at least one guide column, with the bushing attached to the guide column. Most often, the bushing moves along the guide column in a linear direction during operation, but it is also possible that the guide column moves along the bushing, or a combination of both movements. In the context of this text, the indication of one mode of movement also applies sensibly to all other mentioned modes of movement.

One example of the use of a linear guide system is in a sheet metal forming machine, a press, when the cooperation between the lower and upper surfaces of the tool, which are properly designed, during the approach of one surface to another surface, for example, the approach of the upper surface to the first surface, achieves the desired forming a sheet material that is inserted between the two faces. By the term "Material shaping" in the context of this invention is meant cutting, cutting, embossing, deforming and other ways of changing the shape of the material, which can be achieved by bringing the surfaces of the tool closer together when the material is inserted between the surfaces. Usually, the bottom face of the tool is fixed and approaches the top face of the tool, but the reverse is also possible.

Another example of the use of linear guide systems is when the bottom and top faces of a tool, when pressed together, form a mold into which a material, such as various plastics in liquid form, can be injected to make a product from that material. When the material in the mold hardens, the plates are separated and the product can be removed from the mold.

The first surface of the tool is usually attached to a first support part of the machine, for example to a fixed base of the machine, for example a table of the machine, to which the first end of at least one guide post of at least one guide is attached. Usually, a linear guide system consists of several guides, namely a combination of one guide column and one bushing, usually two or four, to ensure greater stability of the moving part or moving parts of the machine in the direction of movement. The second face is attached to another supporting part of the machine, for example to the upper thrust plate, to which at least one bushing of at least one guide column is attached, the other end of each guide column being inserted into the corresponding bushing. In the event that several guides are used in a linear guide system, the longitudinal axes of the guide columns of these guides are parallel to each other.

In various machine designs, the linear movement between the first support part and the second support part can be achieved either by moving one part towards the other, while the second part remains fixed, or by moving the two support parts towards each other or from one another.

The movement of the first support part relative to the second support part in terms of power and amplitude is achieved with a drive which is placed between the first support part and the second support part and can be controlled in various known ways.

The accuracy of the positioning of the first surface of the tool in relation to the second surface of the tool during operation is essential in the design of the material and the formation of the mold, as inaccuracy can cause the products to be inadequate or not produced, and in addition, it can cause damage to the tool or the first surface or the second surface of the tool .

Accuracy of positioning and movement of the first surface of the tool relative to the second surface of the tool in terms of the smallest possible deviation from the desired linear direction of movement is achieved with linear guide systems. On the other hand, it is desirable that there is as little friction as possible between the bushing and the guide column, so that the movement in the desired direction is as unimpeded as possible.

In order to achieve as little friction as possible between the guide column and the bushing, there are mainly two ways of guiding the bushing along the guide column: bearing or ball guidance and sliding guidance.

The invention in question relates to a bushing and a process for making a bushing for slidingly guiding the bushing along a guide column, wherein the guide column is circular in cross-section, as is the opening in the bushing. The materials from which the guide column is made in the known state of the art are different, most often from hardened steel; or other metals or their alloys, which are physically treated, for example thermally, to achieve the necessary properties, for example adequate load-bearing capacity and hardness of the outer surface of the guide post.

Friction between the bushing and guide post is undesirable because it increases wear and thus significantly shortens the life of the bushing and guide, but it can also lead to damage to the bushing and guide post.

The sliding guide bushing is made of an outer jacket and a sleeve in the outer jacket. In the known state of the art, the outer sheath is made of various metals or alloys, most often of heat-treated steel, which ensures sufficient bearing capacity of the sleeve. The bushing sleeve is made of a softer material to ensure good sliding (tribological) properties during the operation of the guide in contact with the outer surface of the guide post. These softer materials are, in the known state of the art, various softer metals or alloys, for example various bronzes, optionally with the addition of graphite. Sintered material can also be used for the bushing sleeve, which due to its porosity contains lubricating oil, which contributes to good sliding properties of the sleeve and consequently extends the life of the bushing, increases the resistance of the bushing to load forces and enables higher operating speeds.

The sleeve and the outer jacket of the bushing must be fixedly joined in a so-called non-detachable joint, so that they do not separate during operation or load. In the known state of the art, the connection between the sleeve and the outer jacket is achieved, for example, in the following ways:

1. Glued joint. The outer diameter of the sleeve is the same as the inner diameter of the outer jacket. A bushing with a glued joint is made by coating the outer surface of the sleeve or the inner surface of the outer jacket with glue, inserting the sleeve into the outer jacket and waiting for the glue to dry. The disadvantage of the manufacturing process is that the mentioned diameters must match with very narrow tolerances, it is necessary to properly clean the surfaces that stick, which is demanding. The joint is quite strong, it can withstand up to several tons of load.

2. Compression joint. The outer diameter of the sleeve before insertion is slightly larger than the inner diameter of the outer jacket. This difference in diameters ensures, after insertion, a sufficiently large force of the outer surface of the sleeve on the inner surface of the outer jacket, and vice versa, that the frictional force between the two surfaces ensures an indestructible joint. Inserting the sleeve into the outer jacket is done by pressing, i.e. pushing the sleeve into the outer jacket with great force. Another method of insertion, the so-called shrink fit, uses the difference between the temperature of the sleeve and the temperature of the outer jacket, for example, the outer jacket heats up and increases its internal diameter as a result, which allows the sleeve to be inserted into it. When the temperature of the outer jacket returns to ambient temperature, the inner diameter decreases and the inner surface of the outer jacket begins to press against the outer surface of the sleeve, providing a frictional force. This joint can withstand up to several tons of load. A bad feature of this joint is that after insertion large internal stresses remain in the material of the outer jacket and in the material of the sleeve.

The stated shortcomings are solved by the bushing according to the invention.

The invention is presented in more detail below and in implementation examples and is presented in the figures showing:

Figure 1 shows a die housing showing a prior art linear guide system with four guides, each guide containing one guide post and one bushing;

Fig. 2 shows a first embodiment of a composite bushing according to the invention for use in guides for punching tools;

Fig. 3 shows a first embodiment of the sleeve according to the invention before assembly, when the sleeve is not yet inserted into the outer jacket;

Figure 4 shows a first embodiment of the bushing according to the invention when the sleeve is inserted into the jacket but before the sleeve is expanded;

Fig. 5 shows a second embodiment of a composite sleeve according to the invention for a guide for use in a plastic injection tool;

Fig. 6 shows some exemplary examples of the shape of the impression bump in cross-section.

Figure 1 shows some relevant parts of the machine or tool 1, for example a punching tool, as an example of the use of linear guide systems 2 in the known state of the art. The linear guide system shown contains four guides 3, and each of them contains one guide post 12 and one bushing 4, each guide post 12 being inserted into a corresponding bushing 4, and the bushings 4 sliding along the guide posts 12 during operation. part 13 of the machine, to which all four guide columns 12 are fixedly attached, is located under the second supporting part 14 of the machine, to which all four bushings 4 are fixedly attached. The first supporting part 13 of the machine is fixed during operation, while the second supporting part 14 of the machine moves linearly during operation, i.e. it moves closer or further away from the first support part 13. The movement of the second support part 14 is guided and limited by means of the guide system 2. The drive, which enables the controlled movement of the second support part 14 with respect to the first support part 13, is not shown in the picture. Also not shown in the figure are the first tool face and the second tool face, which shape the material during press operation. The front two guides 3 in Figure 1 are shown in cross-section for clarity.

The bushing 4 according to the invention is made of an outer jacket 6 and a sleeve 9, whereby the sleeve 9 is made of a softer material than the outer jacket 6. Preferably, the outer jacket 6 is made of hardened steel, and the sleeve 9 is made of sintered material or bronze. The sintered material provides the necessary softness or tribological properties for the sliding contact between the guide column 12 and the bushing 4 during the operation of the linear sliding guide 3, and also allows the porosity of the sleeve 9, which, in combination with the lubricants in the porous material, enables the lubrication of the sliding contact between the guide column 12 and bushing 4 during operation of guide 3.

On the inner surface 7 of the outer casing 6, at least one impression protrusion 8 is positioned, which has a height H in the radial direction of the cross-section. It is preferable to have several impression protrusions 8. The impression protrusion 8 can be made point-like, segmental or extend in an elongated shape over the surface of the inner of the surface 7 of the outer shell 6. Preferably, the imprinted protrusion 8 extends over the entire circle of the inner surface 7, which is outlined by the cross-section of the outer sheath 6. The different directions of extension of the imprinted protrusion 8 on the inner surface of the outer sheath can be divided into two components: the circumferential component, i.e. on the component in the direction of the circle of the cross-section, and the longitudinal component, i.e. to the component in the longitudinal direction of the outer jacket. The embossing protrusion 8 in an elongated shape extends in a direction having a component of the circumferential direction.

The embossed protrusions 8 on the inner surface 7 of the outer jacket 6 can be produced in several ways, for example by turning.

The imprint protrusions 8 are made of a harder material than the material of the sleeve 9, preferably of the same material as the outer jacket 6. The imprint protrusions 8 are preferably uniformly integrated into the inner surface 7 of the outer jacket 6.

The outer surface 10 of the sleeve 9 in the manufactured sleeve 4 according to the invention fits in a large part, but preferably in its entirety, to the inner surface 7 of the outer jacket 6, whereby the imprinted protrusions 8 are indented into the outer surface 10 of the sleeve 9, i.e. forming indentations 11 on the outer surface 10 sleeve 9. The non-detachable joint between the sleeve 9 and the outer jacket 6 is mainly based on a form-fitting assembly between the impression protrusions 8 of the outer jacket 6 and the recesses 11 of the sleeve 9.

The described joint in bushing 4 according to the invention generally withstands much greater loads than a glued joint or a compression joint from the known state of the art. An additional advantage of the described joint is that, after production, there are no internal stresses in the material of the sleeve 9 and the material of the outer jacket 7, or rather they are negligible.

In the sleeve 4 according to the invention, the sleeve 9 may extend along the entire length of the outer jacket 6, or in some embodiments, for example in some guides for plastic injection molding tools, the sleeve 9 may only extend along part of the entire length of the outer jacket 6.

The steps in the process of manufacturing bushing 4 according to the invention are:

A. Production of the outer jacket 6 with at least one impression protrusion 8, preferably with several impression protrusions 8, and manufacture of the sleeve 9, wherein the initial diameter d1 of the cross section of the outer surface 10 of the sleeve 9 is substantially equal to or greater than the diameter D2 of the inner surface 7 of the outer of the jacket 6, whereby the height H of the impression protrusions 8 is not taken into account for the latter diameter.

B. Insertion of at least one sleeve 9 into the outer jacket 6. There are several ways to insert the sleeve 10 into the outer jacket 6; preferably, the sleeve 9 is pushed into the outer jacket 6 by pressing. After insertion, the outer surface 10 of the sleeve 9 in the region of the imprinted protrusions 8 is in contact with the imprinted protrusions 8, but in the areas outside the vicinity of the imprinted protrusions 8 it is not in contact with the inner surface 7 of the outer jacket 6. Upon insertion, the sleeve 9 deforms elastically, as it must the actual diameter d1' of the cross section of the outer surface 10 of the sleeve 9 is reduced so that it can be inserted into the outer jacket 6 with the impression protrusions 8 of height H.

In some embodiments, two sleeves 9 are inserted into the outer jacket 6: the first sleeve 9 into the opening from one side of the outer jacket 6 and the second sleeve 9 into the second opening from the other side of the outer jacket 6. After inserting both sleeves 9 into the outer jacket 6, it is possible , so that the near edges of the sleeves 9 in the outer jacket 6 meet, or a gap remains between them. In further embodiments, it is possible to insert more than two sleeves 9 into the outer jacket 6, i.e. more than one sleeve 9 is inserted from one side of the outer jacket 6.

In some embodiments, the first impression protrusion 8 from the direction of insertion of the sleeve 9 is adjusted geometrically and in height to facilitate the insertion of the sleeve 9 into the outer jacket 6.

C. Expanding the sleeve 9 by pressing the inner surface 15 of the sleeve 9 so that the actual outer diameter d1' of the sleeve 9 expands to the size of the diameter D2 of the inner surface 7 of the outer jacket 6 along the entire length of the sleeve 9, whereby at the points of contact between the outer surface 10 of the sleeve 9 and the imprinting protrusions 8 cause plastic deformation of the outer surface 10 of the sleeve 9, because the imprinting protrusions 8 imprint dents 11 into the outer surface 10 of the sleeve 9. This achieves maximum contact of the outer surface 10 of the sleeve 9 with the inner surface 7 of the outer jacket 6, including the contact between the imprinted protrusions 8 on the inner surface 7 of the outer jacket 6 and the produced dents 11 on the outer surface 10 of the sleeve 9. The latter contact is formed by the aforementioned form-fitting assembly, which enables a non-detachable joint between the sleeve 9 and the outer jacket 6 during the operation of the bushing 4 in the guide 3, when the bushing 4 is in sliding contact with the guide column 12.

In embodiments where two sleeves 9 are inserted into the outer jacket 6, each from the other side of the outer jacket 6, the expansion of the two sleeves 9 is preferably carried out simultaneously with the pressure on the inner surface 15 of the two sleeves 9, as described in this step.

After step C above, the step of processing the inner surface 15 of the sleeve 9 or the side edges of the sleeve, for example by grinding, turning or milling, is preferably added to achieve the desired properties of the inner surface 15 of the sleeve 9 and/or the dimensions of the sleeve 9 in the sleeve 4, for example the size and uniformity of the inner diameter of the sleeve 9 along the entire length of the sleeve 9. During the final treatment of the inner surface 15 of the sleeve 9, when it is made of sintered material, care must be taken not to close the pores in the sintered material, as this causes the sintered material to lose its tribological or lubricating properties.

The height H of the impression protrusions 8 depends on several parameters, for example the dimensions of the outer shell 6 and the sleeve 9, including the wall thickness of the sleeve 9 in the bushing 4, the load on the bushing 4, the properties of the materials of the outer shell 6 and the sleeve 9. Given the given parameters, the expert will from the field, he could determine the height H of the imprinted protrusions 8 taking into account the following conditions listed for example: the greater the height H of the imprinted protrusions 8, the greater the probability that the sleeve 9 will be plastically deformed already during insertion into the outer jacket 6, which is not desirable. Also, an excessive height H may cause the impression protrusion 8 to damage the outer surface 10 of the sleeve 9 during insertion, for example, a part of the material of the sleeve 9 being removed (swarf) during insertion, which is also undesirable. On the other hand, the smaller the height H will be, the less effective the form-fit joint will be and the bushing 4 will carry less loads during operation, which is not desirable. The height H of the impression protrusions 8 in relation to the wall thickness of the sleeve 9 must not be such that after the expansion of the sleeve 9 (step 3 above) the impression protrusion 8 would impress such a deep dent 11 in the outer surface 10 of the sleeve 9 that this deformation would noticeably thin the wall sleeve 9 and thereby worsened the mechanical properties of the sleeve 9 and consequently the bushing 4 during operation. Typically, the height H of the impression protrusions 8 is between 0.2 mm and 0.5 mm.

The height H of the impression protrusions 8 in the sleeve 4, in which the outer jacket 6 has several impression protrusions 8, may be the same for all impression protrusions 8, but the heights H may differ from each other.

The possible difference between d1 and D2 depends on several parameters, for example, the dimensions of the outer jacket 6 and the sleeve 9, including the wall thickness of the sleeve 9 in the sleeve 4, the load on the sleeve 4, the properties of the materials of the outer jacket 6 and the sleeve 9. Given the given parameters, an expert in the field can determine whether d1 and D2 will be essentially the same, or what the difference between d1 and D2 will be, taking into account the following conditions for example: It is not desirable that the sleeve 9 is plastically deformed already during insertion into the outer jacket 6. When the sleeve 4 made, it is not desirable for the sleeve 9 to have significant internal stresses. It is desirable that, in the case of the manufactured bushing 4, the said form-fitting joint is as firm as possible and that the outer surface 10 of the sleeve 9 rests as perfectly as possible on the inner surface 7 of the outer shell 6 over the entire surface, including the contact between the impression protrusions 8 on the inner surface 7 of the outer shell 6 and indentations 11 on the outer surface 10 of the sleeve 9. Typically, d1 is greater than D2, and otherwise the difference is in the range of 0.01 to 0.05 mm.

In some implementations, especially in plastic tools, channels are provided on the sliding surfaces of the guide posts 12, which enable lubrication of the sliding contact between the bushing 4 and the guide post 12 during operation, which is otherwise known in the state of the art.

In some implementation cases, especially when the sleeve 9 in the bushing 4 is made of bronze, channels can be formed on the inner surface 15 of the sleeve 9, which enable lubrication of the sliding contact between the bushing 4 and the guide column 12 during operation, which is otherwise known in the state of the art .

Figures 2 to 4 show the first embodiment of the bushing 4 according to the invention for use in the guides 3 for the punching tool, which is intended, for example, for reshaping and punching sheet metal. In this embodiment, in the manufactured bushing 4, the sleeve 9 extends over the entire length of the outer jacket 6, which is 93 mm. The guide post, which is not shown in Figures 2 to 4, is circular in cross-section, and the opening 5 in bushing 4 is also circular in cross-section. Typically, a linear guide system is used for such presses, which has four guides 3. The outer jacket 6 of the bushing 4 is made of hardened steel. On the inner surface 7 of the outer jacket 6, seven imprinted protrusions 8 are made, which extend over the entire circle of the inner surface 7 of the outer jacket 6, which is outlined by the cross section of the outer jacket 6. These imprinted protrusions 8 are made by turning. The distance between the impression protrusions 8 is approximately 14 mm. Sleeve 9 is made of sintered material. The height H of the impression protrusions 8 is 0.3 mm. In the cross-section, the impression protrusions 8 are in the form of a symmetrical trapezoid, whereby the larger base of the trapezoid coincides with the inner surface 7 of the outer jacket 6. The impression protrusions 8 are made of the same material as the outer jacket 6 and are integrated into the outer jacket 6. The initial diameter d1 of the cross section of the outer of the surface 10 of the sleeve 9 is essentially the same as the diameter D2 of the cross-section of the inner surface 7 of the outer jacket 6 and is 35.5 mm, with the latter diameter not taking into account the height H of the imprinted protrusions 8. The diameter of the cross-section of the inner surface 15 of the sleeve 9 is 30 mm.

Figure 2 shows the bushing 4 of the first embodiment, which has already been manufactured, i.e. after all three steps of the above-described manufacturing process of the bushing 4. Between the outer surface 10 of the sleeve 9 and the inner surface 7 of the outer jacket 6, there is a practically perfect fit, including between the impression protrusion 8 and indentation 11. This abutment forms a form-fitting joint between the outer shell 6 and the sleeve 9 of the bushing 4, which by its shape prevents the sleeve 9 from being pushed out of the outer shell 6 during the operation of the bushing 4, when the guide column moves along the opening 5 of the bushing 4, which is otherwise not shown in Figure 2. Detail A in Figure 2 shows an impression protrusion 8, which is part of the inner surface 7 of the outer jacket 6, which is in full contact with the recess 11, which is made in the outer surface 10 of the sleeve 9.

Figure 3 shows the outer shell 6 and the sleeve 9 in the first embodiment separately, when the sleeve 9 has not yet been inserted into the outer shell 6, i.e. after the first step and before the second step of the above-described process of manufacturing the sleeve 4. Detail A in Figure 3 shows the diameter D2 of the transverse the cross-section of the inner surface 7 of the outer jacket 6 and the initial diameter d1 of the cross-section of the outer surface 10 of the sleeve 9. The actual diameter d1' of the sleeve 9 before insertion is equal to the initial diameter d1 of the sleeve 9. In this embodiment, the diameter D2 of the outer jacket 6 and the initial diameter d1 of the sleeve are 9 the same.

Figure 4 shows the bushing 4 in the first embodiment during the manufacturing process, namely when the sleeve 9 is inserted into the outer jacket 6, but not yet expanded, i.e. after the second step and before the third step of the above-described manufacturing process of the bushing 4. The sleeve 6 is elastically compressed , as a result of insertion into the outer jacket 6. The recesses 11 have not yet been made, because the sleeve 9 has not yet been expanded. The actual diameter d1' of the sleeve 9 at this stage of the manufacturing process is smaller than the initial diameter d1 of the sleeve 9 and the diameter D2 of the outer jacket 6 by approximately two heights H of the impression protrusions 8, which is shown in detail A of Figure 4.

Figure 5 shows another embodiment of bushing 4 for use in guides for plastic injection molding tools. Typically, these types of tools use a linear guide system that has four guides. When the bushing 4 is manufactured, the sleeve 9 does not extend over the entire length of the outer jacket 6. The column, not shown in Figure 5, is circular in cross-section, and the opening 5 in the bushing 4 is also circular in cross-section. The outer jacket of the 6 bushing is made of hardened steel and is 75 mm long. On the inner surface 7 of the outer jacket 6, five imprinted protrusions 8 are made, which extend over the entire circle of the inner surface 7 of the outer jacket 6, which is outlined by the cross section of the outer jacket 6. These imprinted protrusions 8 are made by turning. The distance between the impression protrusions 8 is approximately 13 mm. Sleeve 9 is made of sintered material and is 75 mm long. The height H of the impression protrusions 8 is 0.2 mm. In this embodiment, the impression protrusions 8 are in cross-section in the form of a symmetrical trapezoid, whereby the larger base of the trapezoid coincides with the inner surface 7 of the outer jacket 6. The impression protrusions 8 are made of the same material as the outer jacket 6 and are integrated into the outer jacket 6. Initial diameter d1 of the cross-section of the outer surface 10 of the sleeve 9 is 34 mm and is equal to the diameter D2 of the inner surface 7 of the outer jacket 6, with the latter diameter not taking into account the height H of the imprinted protrusions 8, which is shown in detail A in Figure 5. Detail B in Figure 5 shows the part of the sleeve 4 where the part of the outer jacket 6 that is equipped with the sleeve 9 and the part of the outer jacket 6 that is not in contact with the sleeve 6 meet. The diameter D3 of the cross section of the inner surface 7 of the outer jacket 6 in the part that is not in contact with sleeve 9, is larger than the diameter of the cross-section of the inner surface of the sleeve 9, so that during operation it is not in contact with the guide column 12, which is otherwise not shown in Figure 5. The diameter of the cross-section of the inner surface 15 of the sleeve 9 is 30 mm.

Figure 6 shows some implementation examples of impression protrusions 8 in cross-section. Most of the cross-sections shown are convex in shape, except for cross-section C. The impression protrusions 8 may have sharp edges in cross-section, such as C, D, E, F, I, J, and K, or rounded edges, such as A, B, G and H. The sides of the impression protrusions 8 in cross-section may be straight, for example D, E, F, I and J, rounded, for example H, or a combination of straight and rounded, for example A, B, C, G and K. The embossed protrusions 8 shown are made of the same material as the outer shell 6 and are integrated into it, namely in the inner surface 7 of the outer shell 6.

Claims (18)

1. A bushing (4) of a linear slide guide (3) in a mechanical guide system, wherein the bushing is provided with an opening (5) for receiving a guide post (12), and the bushing (4) includes an outer jacket (6) and at least one sleeve (9), characterized by the fact that on the inner surface (7) of the outer jacket (6) at least one impression protrusion (8) is positioned, which has a height (H) in the radial direction of the cross-section, and which is sunk into a recess (11 ) on the outer surface (10) of the sleeve (6), so that an inseparable connection between the outer jacket (6) and the sleeve (9) is formed due to the form-fitting assembly between the impression protrusion (8) and the recess (11). 2. Bushing (4) according to claim 1 characterized by the fact that the outer jacket (6) is made of hardened steel. 3. Bushing (4) according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the sleeve (9) is made of sintered material. 4. Bushing (4) according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the sleeve (9) is made of bronze. 5. Bushing (4) according to the previous claims, characterized by the fact that the height (H) of the imprinted protrusions is between 0.2 mm and 0.5 mm. 6. Bushing (4) according to the preceding claims, characterized by the fact that the imprinted protrusion (8) extends over the entire circle of the inner surface (7), which is outlined by the cross-section of the outer jacket (6). 7. Bushing (4) according to the previous claims, characterized by the fact that the initial diameter (d1) of the cross-section of the outer surface (10) of the sleeve (9) before the sleeve (9) is inserted into the outer jacket (6) is the same or with a difference that is up to a maximum of 0.05 mm, greater than the diameter (D2) of the cross-section of the inner surface (7) of the outer jacket (6), whereby the height (H) of the imprinted protrusions (8) is not taken into account in the latter diameter (D2). 8. A bushing (4) according to the previous claims, characterized in that the imprinted protrusions (8) are made of the same material as the outer jacket (6) and are uniformly integrated into the inner surface (7) of the outer jacket (6). 9. Bushing (4) according to the preceding claims, characterized in that the outer jacket (6) contains two or more imprinted protrusions (8). 10. Bushing (4) according to the preceding claims, characterized in that the sleeve (9) extends along the entire length of the outer jacket (6). 11. Bushing (4) according to the preceding claims, characterized in that the sleeve (9) extends along part of the entire length of the outer jacket (6). 12. A bushing (4) according to the previous claims, characterized in that all the impression protrusions (8) on the outer jacket (6) have the same height (H) and the same shape. 13. Bushing (4) according to the preceding claims, characterized by the fact that the first impression protrusion (8) from the direction of insertion of the sleeve (9) is adjusted geometrically and in height to facilitate the insertion of the sleeve (9) into the outer jacket (6) during production . 14. Bushing (4) according to the previous claims, characterized by the fact that two sleeves (9) are inserted into the outer jacket (6). 15. Bushing (4) according to the preceding claims, characterized by the fact that channels for lubricating the sliding contact between the bushing (4) and the guide column (12) are formed on the inner surface of the sleeve (9). 16. A method of manufacturing a bushing (4) of a linear slide guide (3) in a mechanical guide system, wherein the bushing (4) is made with an opening (5) for receiving the guide post (12), and the bushing (4) contains an outer jacket (6) ) and at least one sleeve (9), whereby the process includes the following steps: A. producing an outer jacket (6) with at least one impression protrusion (8), preferably several impression protrusions (8), and making a sleeve (9), wherein the initial diameter (d1) of the cross section of the outer surface (10) of the sleeve (9) ) essentially the same or, by a difference of up to 0.05 mm, greater than the diameter (D2) of the inner surface (7) of the outer jacket (6), while the latter diameter (D2) does not take into account the height (H) of the imprinted protrusions ; B. inserting the sleeve (9) into the outer jacket (6), preferably by pressing; C. expanding the sleeve (9) by pressing on the inner surface (15) of the sleeve (9), whereby the actual outer diameter (d1') of the sleeve (9) expands to the size of the diameter (D2) of the inner surface (7) of the outer jacket (6) ) along the entire length of the sleeve (9), whereby plastic deformation of the outer surface (10) of the sleeve (9) occurs at the points of contact between the outer surface (10) of the sleeve (9) and the imprinting protrusions (8) when it imprints the protrusions (8) press indentations (11) into the outer surface (10) of the sleeve (9). 17. The process of manufacturing a sleeve (4) according to claim 16, characterized by the fact that after the described step C, a step of processing the inner surface (15) of the sleeve (9) or the side edges of the sleeve (9) is added, in order to achieve the required properties of the inner surface (15 ) the sleeve (9) or the final dimensions of the opening (5) in the sleeve (4). 18. A linear sliding guide (3) containing a guide column (12) and a bushing (4) according to claims 1 to 15.