SI24409A - Closed system of external units of a heat pump and of an air conditioning appliance, of closed type with auto-regulatory system for heating of cooling - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention solves the problem of economical and environmentally friendly heating and cooling of living spaces without the use of additional heaters, which is achieved with a closed circuit and air exchange. A closed self-regulating system for heating and cooling also provides a quiet operation and does not say the appearance of the buildings. The essential components of the system are the closed-type heat pump (C), the heat storage (B), the external mixing chamber (F) and the solar collector (G). All the elements of the system are made modularly and can be easily disassembled and assembled with the rings (7), and all connectors that connect are made in the form Y in order to avoid turbulence and air resistance. The system automatically cleans the evaporator (1) with a wiper (3) and nozzles (4) installed around the periphery. The system is also suitable for very high and low temperatures, because the evaporator or the condenser (1) is not subject to high external temperature changes.

Description

CLOSED HEAT PUMP OUTDOOR SYSTEM AND CLOSED TYPE AIR CONDITIONER OUTDOOR WITH MODULAR AUTO REGULATION HEATING AND COOLING SYSTEM

The subject of the invention

The subject of the invention is a system of an outdoor unit of a heat pump and an outdoor unit of an air-conditioner of a closed type with an autoregulation system for heating or cooling living quarters, sanitary water which is closed, which means that the same air, the same water and the same gas are circulating therein. The system can adequately heat or cool the air and adjust the evaporator or mixer by mixing different flows. condenser, thus maximizing operating conditions and thus reducing electricity consumption for cooling and heating. The basic parts of the system are modular and easy to disassemble and assemble, which is important for system cleaning, servicing and transportation.

A technical problem

A technical problem solved by the invention is how to maintain an optimal heat pump efficiency independent of external weather changes. This is achieved through a closed autoregulation system for heating and cooling living quarters and hot water. The effect of system closure is that the system can be used in very extreme weather conditions - at low or high temperatures, ie in northern or southern places. The system is so economical and environmentally friendly. As the system is closed, this also solves the aesthetic problem, which means that it does not indicate the external appearance of the buildings as an existing air conditioner, since it is installed in the boiler rooms or. related premises. Another problem solved by the system is the modular assembly of parts, ie how to easily disassemble and assemble the basic parts, which would allow for easy servicing and transportation.

The prior art

Currently, there are open source heat pumps on the market, taking temperatures from the ground, water, air up to -20 degrees. The system according to the invention also functions as today's heat pump, except that it is closed and always uses the same air.

The invention according to the patent US 4165036 similarly utilizes heat from various heat sources in order to provide the optimum efficiency of the heat pump operation, but does not use the solar collector in the manner presented in the present description of the invention and thus only partially ensures the optimal operation of the heat pump. The same applies to US patent 2013/0118193 states the use of a 4-way valve for improving • · the efficiency of the heating or cooling system with a heat pump, but it also does not provide for the use of solar collectors.

The invention according to the patent US 2013/0105107 similarly mentions a closed air circulation system for the purpose of reducing electricity consumption, but is primarily intended to cool rooms with a larger number of computer servers. It does not provide for the heating and use of the storage tank and solar collector presented in the system of the present invention.

US 4144999 provides for the use of solar collectors only for heating and cooling water, and not in the manner contemplated by the present invention.

Patent Sl 9300414 describes an air purification process and is connected to a heat pump as described in this patent. However, according to the present patent, the heat pump (compressor) also includes a fan in the exhibition cap, which allows operation over a larger temperature range. A different gas (R22) is also used in the heat pump according to the patent Sl 9300414.

Patent WO 9504900 describes a smoke and polluted air purification system and also uses a related heat pump, with the differences mentioned in the previous paragraph. The mixing chamber is located in the space where the evaporator is located, and the novelties in the present system according to the invention are that the mixing chamber is located outside, so that the circulation creates better circulation, the centrifugal or axial fan is used in the exhibition cap, and a different gas is used. can be used up to very low or high temperatures. The operation of the system of the present invention is noiseless.

In the art of the invention, heating systems of up to -20 degrees C are known. If temperatures are lower, such heat pump systems must have electric heaters switched on, thereby greatly increasing electricity consumption. However, even at very low temperatures, the use of the heater is not necessary and therefore the consumption of electricity is minimal. When cooling outside the high temperature (in summer), the system cools the battery and mixes the airflows in the mixing chamber and cools it through the battery, giving the evaporator an ideal temperature for cooling and optimal operation, minimizing electricity consumption. The evaporator is automatically cleaned with nozzles for optimum performance.

Due to the system being closed, the invention does not cause distracting noise when operating. Since the system does not have to be installed on the facade (no external unit), it does not damage the appearance of buildings, making it suitable for use in the old city centers. Where the old air conditioners are

already installed, they could be replaced by the present invention, thus improving the appearance of buildings and city centers. Such a design - without an outdoor unit - is the perfect solution for monument-protected buildings.

The solution to a technical problem

The embodiment of the system according to the invention comprises one or more solar collectors for simultaneous heating of water and air, a heat storage tank (battery) which may be several, a pipe system which supplies warm air from various heat sources (solar collector, bathroom, floor heat) under or around the house, from the dwelling, waste water, washing machine and dishwasher, refrigerator), a heat exchanger to which the system supplies warm air, thereby ensuring the optimum efficiency of the heat pump operation. A closed cylindrical evaporator is provided which, through the mixing chamber (which may be more than one) and the solar collector (or several collectors) with air currents, provides ideal conditions for the operation of the evaporator and thus the whole system.

All elements are modular, which allows assembly and disassembly as well as easier maintenance approach. The exchanger has a built-in spiral fan for the flow of air and nozzles for water dispersion and a wiper for automatic cleaning.

The invention will be shown in the figures showing:

FIG. 1: Element C - closed-type heat pump with a blower fan integrated in the evaporator

FIG. 2: Element C - closed-type heat pump with centrifugal fan mounted in the upper cap

FIG. 3: Element F - mixing chamber with sliding flaps in profile

FIG. 4: Element G - solar collector in which air and water flow are heated

FIG. 5: Show the whole system and its operation

FIG. 6: Free-flow fan in center

Figure 5 shows the complete system comprising element C shown in figures 1 and 2 which is a closed-type heat pump, further the system comprises an external mixing chamber F (Fig. 3) with sliding flaps, a solar collector tube G (SI). 4) where the air and water are heated and the accumulator (heat storage) B.

• ·

If heating is required in winter, the compressor 30 and the evaporator (condenser) 1 in the heat pump of Figure 1 are enclosed in the housing 31 and, in operation with the solar collector g, circulate air circulating through the transitional housing 31 in which it is located. compressor 30. The compressor 30 is heated, and heat is extracted from the circulating air supply 31 through the circulating air flow. The warm air is then sent to the mixing chamber F and sent to the air circuit via the mixing chamber. Compressor 30 is heated or cooled according to its demand depending on the thermostats. Compressor 30 can be easily replaced if a new one appears on the market and adapts to new trends. Thus, the invention can be constantly refined with respect to gas variants and improved performance. All coupling connections are Y-shaped to reduce turbulence and resistances.

The essence of element C is that the evaporator (capacitor) 1 is constructed in a cylindrical shape, closed internally, and the lower cap 6 and upper cap 13 are detachable and terminate in a cone. We move from element C to the outer mixing chamber F, which has one central air passage and four lateral ones, on which sliding flaps 19 are installed, which open as needed, depending on the temperature according to the demand of the evaporator (condenser) 1, which is installed in element C. In this way, in the mixing chamber (element F), the fans mix the currents from the roof solar collector (element G) and from the apartment via the ventilation system and the pipes 12, which are positioned adjacent to the vertical heat sinks. The air is led through the coils 12 to the battery B, which is cooled or heated by a heat pump C, so as to give the evaporator (condenser) 1 an ideal temperature for maximum efficiency. This can be achieved with thermostats that automatically open the flaps and valves for the full operation of the C element. element C.

Sensors, thermostats, switching switches, solenoid valves and timers are controlled by automation.

Element C has a vaporizer or a vaporizer inside the cylindrical body. condenser 1 over the full range - 5 to 10 centimeters of air must be between the evaporator (condenser) 1 and the outer jacket 2. On the inside of the outer jacket 2, which is coated internally with a layer of Teflon or other suitable material, there is a wiper 3 that will slide 360 ° around the inside of the outer jacket 2. Inside the cylindrical evaporator 1 there are nozzles for automatic cleaning 4, which are connected • with an external solenoid valve 5 through which water is fed into the system when the sensor detects that the evaporator 1 is dirty. The lower cap 6, which ends in the lower part with the knee opening 8, is easily disassembled with the rings 7. The knee opening 8 continues with the knee 9 in the pipe 12, which allows the drainage of waste water, condensation. The knee 9 is connected to the collector 10 or goes through the valve 11 to the sewer. The knee opening 8 has two functions, the free outflow of waste water and condensation listed below, and the above free flow of air through the air inlet pipe 12 through the larger opening from the battery B. The knee opening 8 and knee 9 must be at a certain slope (minimum 2%) due to the discharge of condensate or waste water into the collector 10. There is a float switch in the collector which switches on the solenoid valve 11.

The upper cap 13 is detachable type and is connected to ring 7. The drill type 41 fan is in FIG. 1 embedded in a cylindrical evaporator (capacitor) 1 which is cylindrical in shape. The fan pushes the air from the duct 12 forward into the system - into the mixing chamber F. A second version of fan 42 is also proposed, as shown in SI.2, which is fixed in the cap 13 and is centrifugal with continuously variable speed control. This allows air to be sucked in and sent to the mixing chamber F. The appropriate fan (option 41 or 42) is selected according to needs and economy. Fans (any version) have multiple speed stages that are automatically controlled as needed by the airflow in the C element.

The thinner tubes 50 are connected to the evaporator 1 and gas is circulated through the compressor 30, which goes to the exchanger 15, where gas and water are interconnected in the inlet 51, which enables heating and cooling of the building or sanitary water.

The advantages of element C are:

- Automatic cleaning of the evaporator with nozzles 4 located in the middle of the evaporator 1.

- Automatic cleaning of inner circumference with wiper 3.

- Possible easy disassembly of element C.

- Quiet operation of the unit because it is closed and well insulated.

Possible to use in very cold places - even over -70 degrees C.

- Low power consumption due to a complete circuit that complements the other elements (F, B, G).

- Possible cooling or heating, so it can also be used in hot places.

- It has no harmful effects on the environment because the same air circulates in the system.

- In the solar collector assembly (element G), it does not spoil the appearance of objects because it is installed in a boiler room or other suitable spaces and for accelerating • ·

natural drafts can use existing cleaned chimneys to create better air circulation.

The mixing chamber F is connected to the lower unit C and has a central mixing chamber 16 having a central opening 17 and four side openings 18. Four openings 19 are housed in the side openings, which are controlled via the hydraulic system 20. The flaps 19 are in the groove 21 where they glide. The seal 22 in the groove 21 allows the passage to be sealed. The fan 23, which may also be of a different type, will help if better air circulation is needed. Figure 3 shows a classic axial fan 23, but we also propose alternative solutions, one of which is the most optimal one shown in Figure 6. The fan is e.g. can be constructed so that only the blades 72 are viewed in the mixing chamber and magnets 71 are fixed over the entire circumference (circle). There is little rotation space in between and there are 70 windings on the outer circumference. The magnets 71 are suspended to allow rotation. Such a fan enables better airflow in the system even if the fan is not switched on, since the air passage is free due to the design. The airflow turns the fan, the fan rotates the airflow by rotation. The opening and closing of the flaps 19 and thus the air flow will be controlled automatically by thermostats and sensors.

The solar collector G has air tubes 0 = 70 - 75 (approximately). Inside the solar collector G, the air ducts 25 are helically wound, allowing for better air circulation. The air tubes 25 are surrounded by an outer jacket 29 in which water will flow and is connected by connecting tubes 26 which connect the water flow and receive solar heat through the slats. The collector G will be used in the summer to heat the hot water, and in the winter we will also heat the air or gas, which will travel to and through the mixing chamber F into the accumulator B and further into the evaporator (condenser) 1. Due to the optimum temperature of heated air, the evaporator will 1 consumed less energy to heat the facilities or hot water. When the sensor detects very low temperatures, the flap 27 closes and the fan 52 is switched on to allow air to circulate, preventing the freezing of water in the collector G in winter or winter. at low temperatures. Water flows into manifold G through inlet 28 and drains through outlet 35. When the sensor detects that the air temperature is high enough, the flap X will open and air will flow forward into the system to the mixing chamber F, as shown in Figure 5.

All parts of the system according to the invention are modularly assembled and disassembled with quick-release binder rings 7. Battery B is modularly dismantled like other components of the system according to the invention. It interweaves copper pipes in which water flows and coils in which air circulates. It is used for heating and cooling. Let's fill it up

can with water, which is the cheapest heat exchange. Because it has quick disassembly properties, it can also be filled with sand or other material that absorbs heat well and gives off heat. As it is possible to disassemble components that absorb and radiate heat, these parts can be optionally replaced with a variety of new, better materials that are commercially available.

Due to the implementation solution, the invention can be used everywhere, regardless of weather conditions and at the same time does not damage the external appearance of objects. In addition, the solution is suitable for densely populated areas because it has no outdoor unit and does not cause annoying noise. Because the system is closed and located in a boiler room or space, it is inaudible inside the building. The solution enables low power consumption and is therefore economical and environmentally friendly.

When we want to have the system completely closed, we replace the air circuit from the combined solar collector with a circuit of water, other suitable liquid or gas, which absorbs and releases heat well. The C heat pump supplies the entire system as needed. All coils 12 have water and gas seals. Coil 12 is flowing with the appropriate liquid or gas. The case of coils 12 is correspondingly smaller in this embodiment.

Element C can also be used on its own. Independent use case: The C element is mounted in a boiler room or in a suitable room with air inlet and outlet via a system of pipes that are appropriately adapted in the air inlet and outlet space. In this case, the optimum efficiency is not maintained in the event of external atmospheric changes. However, it does not affect the exterior of the buildings and does not cause annoying noise, as element C is enclosed in the housing. It uses the compressor unit 30 for heating, thereby improving operating efficiency.

Claims (17)

1. A closed self-regulating system for heating and cooling by modular disassembly of components comprising a heat pump (C) and a heat store (B), characterized in that the heat pump (C) is closed type, the system therefore uses the same air, and is connected to an external mixing chamber (F), which is connected via a coil (12) to a tubular roof collector (G) and a heat store (B), and from the heat storage tank the air is again transferred to the heat pump (C) where the evaporator lies oz. capacitor (l). System according to claim 1, characterized in that all its elements (B, C, F, G) are modularly designed and can be easily disassembled and assembled with the rings (7), and all the connecting pieces are made in Y-shape to avoid air turbulence and resistance. 3. The system according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the evaporator and / or the condenser (1) is cylindrical or cylindrical in shape, closed internally, the lower cap (6) and the upper cap (13) with grooves (14) being disassembled and terminating in a cone, with an empty space in the middle of the evaporator (1), it is therefore possible to fit a blade fan (41) which produces good airflow. System according to claim 3, characterized in that a centrifugal fan (42), which is fixed in the upper cap (13), can be installed in place of the fan (41) in the element (C). 5. The system according to claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the solar collector (G) is made in such a way that water and air flows with the battery (B) are interconnected in its assembly, which are complementary for the best functioning of the element system ( C), where the sensors, thermostats, switching switches, solenoid valves and timers are controlled by automation and on warm days the collector (G) also has the function of heating hot water. System according to Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that a wiper (3), which slides 360 degrees around the inner side, is mounted on the inside of the outer jacket (2), which is coated internally with a layer of Teflon or other suitable material. outer jacket (2). System according to claims 1 to 6, characterized in that self-cleaning nozzles (4) are connected inside the cylindrical evaporator (1), which are connected to an external solenoid valve (5) through which a water supply system is introduced into the system. lead the water, when the sensor detects that the evaporator (1) is dirty. System according to claim 7, characterized in that the lower cap (6) in the lower part is terminated by a knee opening (8), which continues with the knee (9) in a pipe (12), which allows the drainage of waste water or condensate, the knee (9) is connected to the collector (10) or goes through the valve (11) to the sewer. System according to claim 8, characterized in that the knee opening (8) has two functions, the lower free outlet of waste water and condensate, and the upper free flow of air through the air inlet pipe (12) through the larger opening from the battery (B). System according to Claims 8 and 9, characterized in that the knee opening (8) and the knee (9) must be inclined at a certain inclination due to the discharge of condensate or waste water into the collector (10), where there is a float switch, which activates the solenoid valve (11). System according to claims 1 to 10, characterized in that for large systems in extremely hot or cold places, a small heat pump (C) is added instead of heaters, which allows the battery (B) to be maintained for cooling and heating. System according to claims 1 to 11, characterized in that when the system is to be completely closed, the air circuit from the combined solar collector (G) is replaced by a water or water circuit. suitable liquid or gas that absorbs and releases heat well. System according to claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the fan in the mixing chamber (F) is preferably constructed so that only the blades (72) are viewed in the mixing chamber and magnets (71) are fixed over the entire circumference and at the outer circumference however, there is a winding (70), the magnets (71) being arranged to allow rotation, since such a fan enables a better airflow even if the fan is not switched on because the air passage is free due to the design. 14. The process of operation of a closed autoregulation system for heating and cooling by modular disassembly of components, characterized in that the fan (41) or the fan (42) creates a good flow of air between the blades in the evaporator (1), then the air passes through the top cap (13). ), which has bores (14) goes into the coil (12) and then into the mixing chamber (F), where different air flows are mixed, then the thermostats installed on the system detect the need and the hydraulics (20) open the necessary flaps (19), to mix the airflows and travel through the coil (12) to the battery (B), which is heated or further cooled if necessary by the heat pump (C). 15. The method according to claim 14, characterized in that, in the case of heating, the compressor (30) and the evaporator respectively. the condenser (1) in the heat pump (C) is closed and during operation of the compressor • · (30) in combination with the solar collector (G), air is circulated in a circular closed system circulating through the passage housing (31) in which the compressor (30) lies. ), which is heated, and in the passage housing for supplying and extracting air (31), heat is extracted through the circulating air flow, and then warm air is sent to the mixing chamber (F) and sent to the air circuit via the mixing chamber. 16. The method according to claims 14 and 15, characterized in that in the mixing chamber (F), fan flows mix the flows from the rooftop solar collector (G) and from the apartment via the ventilation system and the pipes (12) laid adjacent to the vertical islands, which take away the heat. Method according to claims 14 to 16, characterized in that the thin tubes (50) connected to the lamellar evaporator or condensers (1) and through the compressor (30) circulate gas, which goes into the exchanger (15), where gas and water are interconnected in the inlet (51), which enables heating and cooling of the building or sanitary water.