SE542383C2 - Construction element, a module and a construction comprising such an element and method of assembly of such a construction - Google Patents

Construction element, a module and a construction comprising such an element and method of assembly of such a construction

Info

Publication number
SE542383C2
SE542383C2 SE1751585A SE1751585A SE542383C2 SE 542383 C2 SE542383 C2 SE 542383C2 SE 1751585 A SE1751585 A SE 1751585A SE 1751585 A SE1751585 A SE 1751585A SE 542383 C2 SE542383 C2 SE 542383C2
Authority
SE
Sweden
Prior art keywords
construction
elements
distance
plate members
end portions
Prior art date
Application number
SE1751585A
Other versions
SE1751585A1 (en
Inventor
Carl Christian Harald Edvall
Original Assignee
Prefab Design System Stockholm Ab
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Prefab Design System Stockholm Ab filed Critical Prefab Design System Stockholm Ab
Priority to SE1751585A priority Critical patent/SE542383C2/en
Priority to EP18833638.2A priority patent/EP3728752A1/en
Priority to PCT/EP2018/085904 priority patent/WO2019121958A1/en
Priority to US16/955,301 priority patent/US20210010256A1/en
Publication of SE1751585A1 publication Critical patent/SE1751585A1/en
Publication of SE542383C2 publication Critical patent/SE542383C2/en

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/348—Structures composed of units comprising at least considerable parts of two sides of a room, e.g. box-like or cell-like units closed or in skeleton form
    • E04B1/34869—Elements for special technical purposes, e.g. with a sanitary equipment
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/348—Structures composed of units comprising at least considerable parts of two sides of a room, e.g. box-like or cell-like units closed or in skeleton form
    • E04B1/34807—Elements integrated in a skeleton
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/0023—Building characterised by incorporated canalisations
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/343—Structures characterised by movable, separable, or collapsible parts, e.g. for transport
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/348—Structures composed of units comprising at least considerable parts of two sides of a room, e.g. box-like or cell-like units closed or in skeleton form
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/348—Structures composed of units comprising at least considerable parts of two sides of a room, e.g. box-like or cell-like units closed or in skeleton form
    • E04B1/34815—Elements not integrated in a skeleton
    • E04B1/34838—Elements not integrated in a skeleton the supporting structure consisting of wood
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/12—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of wood, e.g. with reinforcements, with tensioning members
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/12—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of wood, e.g. with reinforcements, with tensioning members
    • E04C3/14—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of wood, e.g. with reinforcements, with tensioning members with substantially solid, i.e. unapertured, web
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/12—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of wood, e.g. with reinforcements, with tensioning members
    • E04C3/16—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of wood, e.g. with reinforcements, with tensioning members with apertured web, e.g. trusses
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H1/00—Buildings or groups of buildings for dwelling or office purposes; General layout, e.g. modular co-ordination or staggered storeys
    • E04H1/02—Dwelling houses; Buildings for temporary habitation, e.g. summer houses
    • E04H1/04—Apartment houses arranged in two or more levels
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/003—Balconies; Decks
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/348—Structures composed of units comprising at least considerable parts of two sides of a room, e.g. box-like or cell-like units closed or in skeleton form
    • E04B2001/34876—Structures composed of units comprising at least considerable parts of two sides of a room, e.g. box-like or cell-like units closed or in skeleton form with a sloping or barrel roof
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F17/00—Vertical ducts; Channels, e.g. for drainage
    • E04F17/08—Vertical ducts; Channels, e.g. for drainage for receiving utility lines, e.g. cables, pipes

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a construction element (1) for attachment of structural elements. The element (1) comprises an upper plate member (3) and a lower plate member (5), having a same width (7) and a same length (9) and extending between two end portions (11), parallel to each other at a first distance (13). The upper and lower plate members (3, 5) are connected to each other along longitudinal sides (15) of said plate members (3, 5) by means of a plurality of intermediate beams (17). Each end portion (11) further comprises at least one upper and at least one lower distance element (19) having a width (21) and a height (23), and being arranged at an upper surface (25) and a lower surface (27) of said end portions (11) respectively. A longitudinally transversal cross section of each end portion (11) forms a cross-shaped circumference, said circumference comprising four right angled abutment surfaces (29), defined by the plate members (3, 5) and the distance elements (19). The invention also relates to a module (85) and a construction (67) comprising such a construction element (1) and a method of assembly of such a construction (67).

Description

CONSTRUCTION ELEMENT, A MODULE AND A CONSTRUCTION COMPRISING SUCH AN ELEMENT AND METHOD OF ASSEMBLY OF SUCH A CONSTRUCTION TECHNICAL FIELD The invention relates to a construction element for attachment of structural elements, a construction comprising such a structural element and a method for assembly of such a construction having such a construction element according to the appended claims.
BACKGROUND ART Construction elements and structures which are built using such construction elements are manufactured and used under rigorous rules and classifications as we demand high and reliable quality with regards to structural integrity. This is especially required for all types of structures and buildings which are intended for living quarters and working facilities, as personal safety is of uttermost importance for people spending time in such buildings and for the people and companies who build said buildings. Furthermore, price and cost are of course also important variables for people and/or companies who acquire a building or facility, wherein a general goal for all involved is to make cost effective decisions when buying or selling houses and facilities. Prefabrication building systems and units have thus increased in popularity in recent history, as it usually very cost effective to produce at least parts of units and elements which are part of such a building as such work may be performed off-site in suitable factories and similar. The time needed for construction may also be lowered which results in a cost effective manufacturing process, a fast building time and high quality of the end product.
There are a lot of various designs and embodiments of such prefabrication systems and their ingoing construction parts, varying in a wide range depending on the type of building being built and resources available for the project. For small to average buildings intended for living quarters there are several companies having concept of prefabricated, at least in part, room unit, parts of houses, or almost completely built houses being delivered to customers where little to no construction work is needed on-site to complete said house. Unit type solutions are also available where such a unit may be an individual room or a part of a house, wherein such units are assembled on-site and completed into a house or similar. When construction is performed of such a unit based housing, care must be taken to fit such unit together in the correct manner, and additional work is often needed with regards to installations of functions such as plumbing, ventilation, electrical installations or other similar types of facility functionality which is needed for living is such a building. Different types of units may require special fastening elements to be attached to each other, modifications may be needed to individual units, or other, wherein the amount of work actually needed on-site may be time consuming and costly, even if a large percentage of the completed building already is built offsite. There are various attempts at minimizing such work, where different approaches may be made, such as pre-installing piping and electricity in walls, floors and ceilings of prefabricated units as an example. This is however not without its downsides as each building built with such units are fixed to facility installations in certain places, wherein modification may be costly or material and resources may be wasted.
Due to the various design and embodiments of such prefabrication building systems and building, facilities and structures being results thereof, individual construction elements used in such systems and/or buildings may also be subjected to high requirements with respect to their usage, designs and/or other factors. Specially designed elements of the sort may provide suitable usage for certain applications which may be deemed as adequate for those special circumstances but may thus be non-cost effective if such elements are restricted to a select few special construction applications. Regular construction elements obtained at a standard supplier of building material and constructional elements may not always have a wide range of usage, forcing a contractor to acquire a large variety of elements and/or components, which may instead be time consuming, expensive and being a cumbersome endeavour.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Despite prior art there is a need to develop a construction element which is multifunctional for usage in a prefabrication building system. There is also a need to develop such a construction element which is easy to use and provides reliable results when used in construction work. There is also a need to develop a module and a construction utilizing such a construction element and a method for assembly of such a construction.
An object of the invention is thus to provide a construction element which is multifunctional for usage in a prefabrication building system. Another object of the invention is to provide a construction element which is easy to use and provides reliable results when used in construction work. Yet another object of the invention is to provide a module and a construction which utilizes at least one such construction element. A further object is to provide a method for assembly of such a construction.
According to the invention a construction element for attachment of structural elements is provided. The construction element may comprise an upper plate member and a lower plate member, which may have a same width and a same length and extending between two end portions, parallel to each other at a first distance. The upper and lower plate members may be connected to each other along longitudinal sides of said plate members by means of a plurality of intermediate beams. Each end portion may further comprise at least one upper and at least one lower distance element having a width and a height, and may be arranged at an upper surface and a lower surface of said end portions respectively, wherein a longitudinally transversal cross section of each end portion may form a cross-shaped circumference, wherein said circumference may comprise four right angled abutment surfaces, defined by the plate members and the distance elements.
Such a construction element provides a very versatile construction element with several advantageous for construction work. The plurality of right angled abutment surfaces defined at the end portions of the construction element may be used for attachment to a plurality of different building elements and structures. For use in a prefabrication building system the concept of the construction element comprising the plurality of abutment surfaces may be utilized for attachment of at least one, but up to eight cuboid shaped room units, providing a standardized spacing between such units and also acting as an anchor point for said units and other additional structural elements related to construction work. By means of arranging, for example, room units at the right angled abutment surfaces as a means to build a construction having a plurality of such room units, the structural design of the construction element will provide extending spaces or shafts between each such room unit. The distance elements may provide and define vertical shafts between walls of room units, and the plate members will provide and define horizontal shafts between floors and ceilings of room units. This has the advantage of providing a standard sized shaft for a building system using the concept of the construction element. Thereby additional service installation components may very easily be installed in such shafts, which make such installations fast and easy and very easy to modify for each individual building project. The upper and lower plate members, and the distance elements, may also be used as attachment and anchoring points of other additional structural elements such as facade elements, roof units, foundation elements, insulation material or other. The construction element may therefore provide a highly modifiable construction and/or building as the end result, which is cost effective and easy to assemble.
According to the invention each end portion may comprise side walls, arranged to extend between the upper and lower plate members, which side walls and plate members define an inner channel which may extend from end surfaces of the end portions in a longitudinal direction into the construction element.
This has the advantage the additional structural elements such as different types of beams and frames may be inserted into the inner channels of the end portions and be held in place at predetermined positions with respect to adjacently arranged room units or other structural elements. If the construction element is used in a building or construction comprising a plurality of room units, wherein said elements are arranged at connecting corners of said room units, the inner channels of the end portions may be arranged to align with the outer walls of such room units. Thereby said inner channels of the end portions may be evenly spaced out along a surface which is to be an outer wall of the final building or construction. The inner channels may thus be available for connection to a plurality of structural elements along said outer wall. If beams or similar are inserted into such end portion frameworks of flanged and protrude out from the outer wall, walkways and balconies or similar may easily be attached to such an outer wall. The inner channels may further be utilized as connecting points if two or more construction elements are to be connected in series, wherein a standardized adaptor element corresponding in size with the channels may be coupled between two such laterally joined elements.
According to the invention each inner channel of the end portions may further comprises a coupling element arranged within said each channel and protruding out from each end portion with a second distance, wherein each coupling element may comprise a circumferential side wall and a hollow interior, said interior being arranged to receive additional structural elements.
Such a coupling element may thus be used as an adaptor element as previously described. The protrusion of said element may also be used as a spacer for arranging structural elements such as insulation elements or similar, wherein a standardized spacing is provided by means of said protrusion.
According to the invention each coupling element may further comprise two interior partition walls, arranged in a cross shape so as to divide the hollow interior into four equal sub-sections.
This provides the beneficial option of utilizing a plurality of longitudinally oriented channels to the construction element, wherein such channels may be used for installation and attachment of structural elements or components which are to be arranged at, or adjacent to, an outer wall of such a structure. As the construction element may be arranged intermediate four room units (or more) in such a way that said four room units are arranged each of the four right angled abutment surfaces of an end portion, four such channels will be arranged at corresponding equal positions relative a corner of each room unit. This may provide an advantage in that mechanical elements and/or structures which are to be arranged at, or adjacent, a facade or an outer wall of a building or construction may easily be arranged in a standardized manner for such facades and/or outer walls. As an example, if a balcony, a projection, an access balcony or similar is to be arranged at such a wall, said channels provide equally spaced insert channels for beams and/or frameworks of such structures. Furthermore, if the construction element is used as part of a module and/or a prefabrication building system, additional specially designed structural elements intended to be used as frameworks for balconies or similar structures may be designed to be inserted into said channels for a secure and fast installation. If such a specially designed framework for a balcony is to be arranged to a building which comprises the construction elements as described, such frameworks may simply be arranged with four parallel oriented corner beams, positioned at corners of such a framework corresponding to four channels of four individual construction elements, arranged at corresponding corners of a room unit. Such a framework may then be inserted into said four channels and thus be positioned correctly with regards to the functionality of a balcony relating to said room unit, and also provide a rigid framework with a high standard of mechanical integrity.
According to an embodiment an upper surface and a lower surface of the upper and lower plate members comprises a plurality of flange elements, arranged between the distance elements of the end portions, each flange having a width corresponding to the width of the distance elements.
This has the advantage of further strengthening the structural integrity of the construction element, as well as providing additional abutment surfaces so as to complement the abutment surfaces of the end portions. Furthermore, the flange elements also provides sub-sections to the volume between the distance elements of the opposite end portions. Such sub-sections may be utilized as insert positions for a wide variety of additional structural elements. If a construction element is in a position relating to an outer wall of a completed construction, such sub-sections may be used for receiving outer wall elements, window frames and/or insulation material for such an outer wall. If such a construction element instead is positioned in-between two adjacent room units, such sub-sections may be used for insertion of bridging structural elements such as door frames. Such bridging structural elements may be used if, for example, two room units are arranged and attached to a construction element side by side so as to create two adjacent rooms in a construction, facility or building, wherein both said room units are provided with corresponding openings arranged to align with each other. A doorframe element, designed to fit in the shaft, intermediate the two openings of the room units, may then easily be positioned between the two said openings to bridge said shaft at that position, and connect the two room units. The flange elements may thus further assist in a correct positioning of such a bridging structural element wherein the flange elements any type of such a bridging element may be utilized as corresponding fitting parts of a prefabrication system using a construction element as disclosed herein.
Hence, such a feature may provide the additional advantage of making standardized installations to a construction element comprising such flange elements. When used as part of a prefabrication building system, said sub-sections may be utilized for corresponding standardized structural elements of various designs for various effects. As another example, standardized sheets of insulation material may be prefabricated to be arranged in each such sub-section, wherein installation of such is made very easy and fast due to the sub-sections providing a standardization model for such processes.
According to an embodiment the upper and lower plate members may comprise a plurality of via holes, having a predetermined shape.
This may provide an even further advantage with respect to fitting of and installation of structural elements and/or service installation components. Said service installation components may be components related to plumbing, electrical installation, network cables, ventilation components or other. Such via holes combined with the horizontal and vertical shafts provided intermediate all room units being part of a complete construction comprising a construction element according to the disclosure may thus provide easy access to all room units from all sides of said room unit by means of providing an interconnected network of such shafts throughout the construction. Installation of service installation components is thereby made fast, easy and cost effective. This relates to both installations during assembly, both off site and on site, of a construction and installation performed post a completed assembly, as well as for maintenance work to such components. The predetermined shape may further be utilizing by means of providing structural elements and/or modules, which are to be arranged to the construction element, with form fitting means having a corresponding shape, wherein fitting of such modules and/or elements may be performed in a fast, easy and precise manner.
According to an embodiment a module may be provided, which module may be used for a prefabrication building system. Such a module may comprise at least one construction element according to the disclosure and at least one another structural element or element.
Such a module may for example comprise a room unit wherein said room unit is arranged at the right angled abutment surfaces of at least one construction element. Such a module may further comprise additional structural elements pre-arranged thereto, wherein such a structural element is arranged to the at least one construction element, or arranged to fit to a construction element of an adjacent similar module. Such modules may thus provide a very fast and easy on-site assembly as even less work is needed on-site to assemble a construction, facility or building by means of using such a prefabrication building system with such modules. Similarly to a construction comprising a construction element according to the disclosure and thus having the benefits of its technical features, a module comprising a construction element according to the disclosure may be provided with the benefits of the technical features of such a construction element.
According to an embodiment a construction is provided, which construction may comprise at least one construction element according to any of the embodiments of such a construction element as presented and described within the disclosure.
As should be obvious, such a construction may thus be provided with the various features and advantages as related to the construction element. For an embodiment of the construction element from which a beneficial technical feature is provided to said construction element, a construction comprising such a construction element may thus utilize the technical effect of such a feature, which technical effect is provided to such a construction.
According to the invention a method for assembling a construction according to a predetermined scheme is provided. The construction may comprise a plurality of structural elements and service installation components. Such structural elements may comprise; at least one foundation element, at least one room unit, a plurality of facade elements, and a plurality of construction elements for attachment of said structural elements. The number and position of each structural element may be determined by the predetermined scheme. Such a predetermined scheme may be a blueprint or similar relating to the construction. The construction element may comprise an upper plate member and a lower plate member, which may have a same width and a same length and extending parallel to each other at a first distance. The upper and lower plate members may be connected to each other along longitudinal sides of said plate members by means of a plurality of intermediate beams. Each end portion may further comprise at least one upper and at least one lower distance element having a width and a height, and may be arranged at an upper surface and a lower surface of said end portions respectively, wherein a longitudinally transversal cross section of each end portion may form a cross-shaped circumference, wherein said circumference may comprise four right angled abutment surfaces, defined by the plate members and the distance elements. Each end portion comprises side walls, arranged to extend between the upper and lower plate members, which side walls and plate members define an inner channel which extend from end surfaces of the end portions in a longitudinal direction into the construction element. Each inner channel of the end portions further comprises a coupling element arranged within said each channel and protruding out from each end portion with a second distance, each coupling element comprising a circumferential side wall and a hollow interior, said interior being arranged to receive additional structural elements. Each coupling element further comprises two interior partition walls, arranged in a cross shape so as to divide the hollow interior into four equal sub-sections. The method may comprise the step of: a) arranging a number of construction elements at the at least one foundation element by means of coupling each downwards directed distance element of each construction element to the at least one foundation element, defining a first floor level by means of the construction elements.
A method is thus provided which may be used to reinforce a present foundation element with multifunctional construction elements. Furthermore, which is beneficial, the method provides a framework of construction elements at which different types of constructions may be arranged, wherein the construction elements provide a reliable fitting for room units which are part of such a construction. The method may, as stated, used at a location having at least one foundation element. Thus the method may be used at a site having a pre-arranged foundation spanning over the entire area where the construction will be raised. A first arranged layer of construction elements (as in the defined first floor level) may thus be positioned at their respective positions according to the predetermined scheme. Such a foundation element may be modified to make receiving of said construction elements easier and more precise, such as arranging form fitting means to such a foundation element. A plurality of specially designed additional foundation elements may also be positioned at the pre-arranged foundation element, wherein the additional foundation elements may be designed to specifically receive the distance elements of the construction elements and be designed to be positioned at an underlying foundation element in a reliable and correct manner. A first plane or layer of construction elements will define a reliable and mechanically stable underlying level of any type of construction being arranged thereto. Furthermore, the arranging of a plurality of construction elements in such a manner may also define a first floor level by means of said construction elements, which first floor level may be perceived as a first floor of a construction being arranged at the construction elements. Due to the design of the construction elements, comprising the distance elements, a first horizontal shaft or extending space may also be defined within the area covered by the first layer of construction elements.
According to an embodiment the method may further comprise the step of: c) arranging a number of room units at the construction elements of the current floor level according to the predetermined scheme, wherein a floor portion of each room unit may be coupled to the right angled abutment surfaces of at least two construction elements.
The method may thus be utilized as a means of providing a first floor of a building or construction, wherein said room units define rooms of such a construction corresponding to a floor of the same. As said room units are arranged at the right angled abutment surfaces of the construction elements, their positions relative each other and the construction elements may be regarded as fixed according to the predetermined scheme. This provides the advantage that such adjacent rooms of a floor, being the adjacent room units, may be provided with a plurality of shafts, which shafts have predetermined positions and extension relative the room units of a construction defined by the arranged room units. Said shafts may be defined as a results of the distance elements of the construction elements, wherein such shaft may extend adjacent each room unit, both horizontally and vertically. Such shafts may be utilized during assembly of (both off site and on site), and during planning of, said construction. Depending on the type of construction being built, said shafts may be utilized in various ways, wherein factors such as surrounding climate, desired and/or requirements of the construction with regards to its usage, or other, may dictate how said shafts are being utilized. As examples, said shafts may be provided with insulating material, mechanically strengthening elements, service installation components to name a few.
According to an embodiment the method may further comprise the step of, before the step c): b) arranging service installation components for a current floor level according to the predetermined scheme.
If a construction which is being assembled by means of said method has requirements related to living spaces for people, such service installation components may be pipes, tubes, cables or similar related to ventilation, plumbing, electrical devices or other. By means of the shafts being defined by the construction elements, and are extending adjacent each room unit of such a construction, installation of such components may be very fast, easy and cost effective. Furthermore, as such shafts are extending both horizontally and vertically, such installations may easily be initiated and expanded over each floor of a completed construction, wherein each room unit is reachable from each side of such a room unit. Thus, such installations may be performed from walls, floors and ceilings of such constructions. This is very beneficial as such installations are not dictated by layouts of the construction or of specific room units. Redesigns of a construction, as for example swapping places with a future living room and a future bath room is thus made possible without major destructive operations to such room units. Future instalments of any of the previously named components, and/or other instalments related to a modification of a completed construction may also be performed with relative ease as the shafts are extending throughout such a completed construction. Without deviating from the inventive concept of the method, said service installation components may also relate to mechanical structures, units and/or elements relating to mechanical installations, such as door frames, window frames or similar, wherein such structures, units and/or elements may be arranged between or adjacent room units according to the predetermined scheme.
According to an embodiment the method may further comprise the steps of: d) arranging a number of construction elements at the room units of the previous floor level according to the predetermined scheme, wherein each construction element is coupled to at least one roof portion of the room units by means of the right angled abutment surfaces, and defining an additional floor level, e) repeating steps b) to d) so as to reach a total number of floor levels according to the predetermined scheme, and f) arranging the plurality of facade elements at walls of the room units, which walls are defined as outer walls according to predetermined scheme.
As should be obvious, the method may thus be used according to its intended concept to provide a repeating configuration of construction element and room units, wherein the construction being built of said elements and units also may be provided with any type of service installation components needed. Said service installation components may further be arranged at any interior side of any room unit due to the network of shafts provided by means of the frameworks of the construction elements situated intermediate said room units. Facade elements may then be arranged to complete the construction, wherein said facade elements may be arranged adjacent walls which are to be outer walls of the construction by means of the frameworks of the construction elements. The facade elements may comprise insulating material or other needed materials, structures and/or devices, wherein such facade elements may provide a desired protective and functional surface and volume to such outer walls. Insulating material may also be arranged to the construction as individual elements, wherein the facade elements are arranged adjacent, or in the vicinity of, such elements comprising insulating material.
Other additional elements and prefabricated structures may also be arranged to a construction built according to the method. Entire units and/or elements may be prefabricated so as to fit with such a construction, wherein such units and/or elements may be, for example, staircase units, elevator units, roof units, roof elements, balcony units, landscape units, entrance units or other, so as to provide a completed finish to the construction being built.
Thereby a method is provided which has several benefits. Such a method may be very fast, cost- and time-effective and thus provide constructions which are correspondingly cheap and fast to produce. As should be noted, the method using a construction element according to the disclosure may provide the benefits of such a construction element and its technical features which it provides to a construction utilizing such a construction element. The method may furthermore provide unique benefits relating to the method itself and advantages related to construction work. The predetermined scheme may be a blueprint over the construction to be constructed, wherein the number of all ingoing structural elements and components and their respective positions are known beforehand. It should thus be understood that the positioning of each element or component may be similar to that of known methods having similar purposes, however, the order of assembly and the aspects of the method relating to how the different construction and structural elements are arranged to each other may provide unique advantages to the method.
Additional objectives, advantages and novel features of the invention will be apparent to one skilled in the art from the following details, and through exercising the invention. While the invention is described herein, it should be apparent that the invention may be not limited to the specifically described details. One skilled in the art, having access to the teachings herein, will recognize additional applications, modifications and incorporations in other areas, which are within the scope of the invention.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Below is a description of, as examples, preferred embodiments with reference to the enclosed drawings, in which: Fig. 1a shows a construction element in a perspective view according to an embodiment, Fig. 1b shows a construction element in a perspective view according to an embodiment, Fig. 1c shows a construction element in a perspective view according to an embodiment, Fig. 2a shows a construction comprising a plurality of construction elements in an exploded view according to an embodiment, Fig. 2b shows a construction comprising a plurality of construction elements in a perspective view according to an embodiment, Fig. 3 shows a module comprising a plurality of construction elements and additional structural elements according to an embodiment, and Fig. 4 shows a flowchart of a method for assembly of a construction comprising a plurality of construction elements according to an embodiment.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION Fig. 1a shows a construction element 1 in a perspective view according to an embodiment. The construction element 1 may be used for attachment of structural elements thereto so as to assemble a construction, a facility, a building or similar. The construction element 1 may comprise an upper plate member 3 and a lower plate member 5, having a same width 7 and a same length 9 and extending between two end portions 11, parallel to each other at a first distance 13. The first distance 13 may be perceived as the distance in-between the upper and lower plate members 3, 5. The upper and lower plate members 3, 5 may be connected to each other along longitudinal sides 15 of said plate members 3, 5 by means of a plurality of intermediately arranged beams 17. The upper and lower plate members 3, 5 and the interconnecting beams 17 may be manufactured of planks and/or processed wood elements so as to provide a construction material with good mechanical properties and heat transfer properties while being easy to manufacture at a low cost. However other types of construction materials may also be used without deviating from the inventive concept of the disclosure. It should also be noted that the term beam 17 may be perceived as a connecting member between the upper and lower plate members 3, 5, which is arranged to attach the two plate members 3, 5 to each other, take up load applied to the construction element 1 as a whole and increase the mechanical stability and integrity of said construction element 1. The wording beam 17 may thus be viewed in a broad sense of the word, and/or be interchanged with connecting member, load bearing element or other. Each end portion 11 may further comprise at least one upper and at least one lower distance element 19 having a width 21 and a height 23, and being arranged at an upper surface 25 and a lower surface 27 of said end portions 11 respectively. The opposite symmetrical arrangement of said two distance elements 19 provides a shape for each end portion 11 wherein a longitudinally transversal cross section of said each end portion 11 forms a cross-shaped circumference, said circumference comprising four right angled abutment surfaces 29, defined by the plate members 3, 5 and the distance elements 19. Each such right angled abutment surface 29 may thus comprise a vertical portion 31 and a horizontal portion 33, wherein each said abutment surface 29 may be arranged to adjacent structural elements in a precise and easy to fit manner. Arrangements of structural elements towards the right angled abutment surfaces 29 may be done directly or by means of also including intermediate shim elements. Such shim elements may be arranged so as to modify certain types of characteristics related to construction work and completed constructions, such as heat transfer and/or vibrations to name a few. By means of arranging an intermediate shim element of, for example, rubber or a polymeric material, a completed construction may be provided with more desirable living conditions related to occurrences such as temperature flux, sound and noise, vibrations or other.
When arranging a larger type of structural element towards each such right angled abutment surface 29, as for example four room units, wherein each room unit is arranged as close to a centre C of the construction element as possible, the construction element 1 may then define a predetermined spacing of said room units relative each other. Two horizontally adjacent room units, being arranged towards opposite right angled abutment surfaces 29 of the same vertical level of the construction element, will thus be spaced apart from each other corresponding to the width 21 of the intermediate distance element 19. The width 21 of said distance element 19 will thus further define a vertically oriented shaft 35 between said two room units. In a similar manner, two vertically adjacent room units, being arranged towards vertically opposite right angled abutment surfaces 29 of the construction element 1, will thus be spaced apart from each other corresponding to the first distance 13 between the upper and lower plate members 3, 5 and a thickness T of the upper and lower plate members 3, 5 respectively. The first distance 13 and the thickness T of the two plate members 3, 5 will thus further define a horizontally oriented shaft 37 between said two room units. Thereby the construction element 1 may provide a secure and reliable arrangement of a plurality of structural elements arranged thereto and also provide both vertical and horizontal shafts 35, 37, extending along structural elements such as room units. Such shafts 35, 37 may be very advantageous as they provide the possibility to arrange an array of different types of service installation components and other types of auxiliary elements related to construction work and/or constructions comprising such a construction element 1. The distance elements 19 may be made as hollow boxes, wherein such box-like elements may further be filled with insulation material. Thereby heat transfer may be reduced at the end portions 11 of the construction element 1, which portions 11 are of the most importance relating to heat transfer as said portions 11 may be located in the vicinity of outer walls of a completed construction comprising construction elements 1 according to the disclosure, which outer walls may be exposed to both high and low temperatures relative an interior environment of said construction.
Fig. 1b shows a construction element 1 in a perspective view according to an embodiment. The construction element of fig. 1b may be perceived as similar to the construction element 1 presented in fig. 1a, with the addition of the feature that each end portion may comprise side walls 39, arranged to extend between the upper and lower plate members 3, 5, wherein said side walls 39 and plate members 3, 5 may define inner channels 41 which extend from end surfaces 43 of the end portions 11 in a longitudinal direction into the construction element 1. Each end portion 11 of the construction element 1 comprising such an inner channel 41 provides even further possibilities of combinations of the construction element 1 and additional other structural elements.
Each such inner channel 41 may, as depicted in fig. 1b, further comprise a coupling element 45 arranged within said each inner channel 41 and protruding out from each end portion 11 with a second distance 47. The inner channel 41 is shown in fig. 1b by means of dotted lines which show edges and corners of said inner channel 41 and the coupling element 45 in abutment with each other. Each coupling element 45 may comprise a circumferential side wall 49 and a hollow interior, said interior being arranged to receive additional structural elements. The embodiment as depicted in fig. 1b should not be perceived as restrictive in the regard of possible combinations of structural elements arranged to the inner channel 41 of the construction element 1 according to the disclosure. As should be obvious there are a multitude of possible combinations for coupling of elements by means of the inner channel 41, wherein for the sake of simplicity this embodiment is to be viewed as one possible combination but not to be regarded as the only useful combination possible. Even though not depicted within the disclosure, other combination may also be possible, as for example longitudinal coupling elements, which may be used to arrange and attach two or more construction elements 1 to each other in length, wall elements, which may be inserted into such inner channels 41 to provide different types of wall structures adjacent the end portions, or other.
Even further the coupling element may, as also depicted in fig. 1b, further comprise two interior partition walls 51, arranged in a cross shape so as to divide the hollow interior into four equal sub-sections 53. This embodiment of such a coupling element 45 provides additional benefits for certain types of combinations of structural elements and the construction element according to the disclosure (one such certain type of combination will be discussed in detail with reference to figs. 2a and 2b). By means of dividing the interior of the inner channel 41 into four equal sub-sections 53, each such sub-section 53 may provide different types of connecting possibilities to an adjacent room unit if four room units are arranged to this embodiment of the construction element 1. This may provide a plurality of possible arrangements of the construction element 1 in combination with additional structural elements wherein such additional structural elements are to be arranged to each of the room units, arranged to the shared intermediate construction element 1.
Fig. 1c shows a construction element 1 in a perspective view according to an embodiment. According to this embodiment the upper surface 25 and the lower surface 27 of the upper and lower plate members 3, 5 may comprise a plurality of flange elements 55, arranged between the distance elements 19 of the end portions 11, each flange element 55 having a width 57 corresponding to the width 7 of the distance elements 19. The flange elements 55 as depicted in fig. 1c are shown to be approximately Z-shaped, and comprising two abutment portions 59 and one intermediate positioned stabilizing portion 61, wherein the width 57 is defined as the distance between two parallel planes of which the two abutment portions 59 are sub-set of. The flange elements 55 may exhibit other shapes, wherein the only definite criteria being that said abutment portions 59 extend within said two parallel planes. As should be obvious, the two parallel planes also align with the vertical portions 31 of the right angled abutment surfaces 29 of the distance elements 19, wherein a structural element such as a room unit arranged to such a construction element 1 may abut said vertical portions 31 of the distance elements 19 and at least one abutment portion 59 of each flange element 55. This provides a reliable and stable construction element 1 comprising a plurality of contact points for arrangement of other structural elements thereto. The flange elements 55 may further comprise pre-drilled holes (not shown) which may be used for a fast and secure attachment to adjacent structural elements.
The flange elements may, as depicted in fig. 1c, be arranged between the two distance elements 19 in an evenly spaced out manner, wherein an intermediate distance 63 between the stabilizing portion 61 and another stabilizing portion 61 or a distance element 19 is equal throughout the construction element 1. This intermediate distance 63 may be set as any suitable distance which correlates to a preferred construction work standard, so as to achieve a system which is adapted to at least one specific standard. As an example based on commonly used standards for Swedish construction work, both 600 millimetre and 1200 millimetre may be suitable choices, as both those options provides common denominators with a large plurality of structural elements used in construction work in Sweden. As should be understood, the intermediate distance 63 may of course easily be adapted for any desired standard or the like. The construction element 1 according to the disclosure may be used as a structural element within a prefabrication building system, wherein a specific standard may be set for such a system, and wherein the construction elements 1 and any other structural element being part of such a system are manufactured based on said specific standard. The intermediate distance 63 may also be utilized in combination with the vertically oriented shafts 35, which are provided to adjacent room units or the like by means of the distance elements, so as to provide repeating frameworks over the extension of the construction element 1.
The interior volume between two flange elements 55 may thus further be utilized for fitting of specially designed additional structural elements and/or modules, such as doorframes, insulation sheets, window frames or other. As an example, two room units may be arranged and attached to a construction element 1 side by side so as to create two adjacent rooms of a facility, wherein both said room units are provided with corresponding openings arranged to align with each other. For such an example, a doorframe element or module, designed to fit in the vertically oriented shaft 35, intermediate the two openings of the room units, may then easily be positioned between the two said openings to bridge said shaft 35 at that position, and connect the two room units. The door frame element (or door frame module) may hence be designed to be form fitted between two flange elements 55 of the construction element 1. Thereby such an element or module may be fitted to the construction element 1 and the room units arranged thereto in a very fast, easy, precise and reliable manner. Thus, an embodiment of the construction element 1 comprising such flange elements 55 as described may be very suitable as being a part of a prefabrication building system, which system is fast, easy and cost effective to use for assembly of different types of constructions and facilities.
Furthermore, as the previously described shafts 35, 37 are arranged both between side by side room units and two room units positioned vertically adjacent each other, service installation components may also be installed easily, both in shafts 35 between walls, and in shafts 37 between different floors. Such service installation components may be components related to plumbing, electrical installation, network cables, ventilation components or other. Even further, as the shafts 35, 37 are provided intermediate each room of a construction constructed in such a manner, maintenance work and future installations are also made easier as the shafts 35, 37 provide easy access to such components wherein only drilled holes may be needed to get access to the shafts 35, 37 and depending on placement of such components, the walls, floors or ceilings of the room units may not need to be destroyed at all as the shafts 35, 37 may also provide access from the sides of room units.
The flange elements 55 may be manufactured of steel or a similar type of construction material. Thus mechanical strength and stability is provided to a completed construction in a common and reliable manner. Furthermore, if said flange elements 55 are made of a magnetic material, a device such as a rebar detector or similar may easily be used from inside of an adjacent room so as to find the standard used for each construction. Thereby maintenance work may be performed with less risk of damaging service installation components installed within shafts 35, 37, as the flange elements 55 indicate where such components are likely to be found within each shaft. Said service installation components may be pre-manufactured as modulus, similar to the previously described door frame element/module. Each such component module may then comprise pipes, tubes and/or wiring pre-installed in a structural module which is designed to fit between two flange elements 55 in the same manner as the door frame element/module. Hence installation of such modules may even further alleviate time consuming and cumbersome operations relating to such installation work.
The embodiment of the construction element 1 may further, as depicted in fig. 1c, comprise a plurality of via holes 65, arranged in the upper and lower plate members 3, 5. The upper and lower plate members 3, 5 may thus comprise a plurality of via holes 65, which via holes 65 may have a predetermined shape. As depicted in fig. 1c, the via holes 65 according to this embodiment may have elongated extension with rounded end portions, but other shapes are of course also possible as long as the mechanical integrity of the construction element 1 as a whole is kept intact. The via holes 65 may be utilized for a fast and easy installation of service installation components which are to be installed spanning over a plurality of shafts 35, 37 and pass through at least one such construction element 1. The via holes 65 may in a very easy manner provide a standardized pattern for installation of such components, wherein components passing through such via holes 65 are directly coupled to the shafts 35, 37 adjacent room units in a correct way. A construction element 1 may also be provided with components such as forks and bends for pipes, or with electrical junction boxes, wherein such auxiliary components may be pre-arranged within the hollow centre of the construction element 1 and be arranged therein in combination with coupling elements for receiving straight pipes, for the example of pipes. Thereby straight pipes may be coupled to such forks and bends, and wiring may be performed between such junction boxes. If the construction element 1 is provided with such additional auxiliary components, on site construction work related to assembly of a construction may be performed in an even faster and more efficient manner.
It should be noted that the features presented with reference to fig. 1c not necessarily have to be present in a combination as shown. The construction element 1 may be manufactured without via holes 65, wherein holes may be drilled on site if components are to be arranged through the construction element 1. The flange elements 55 may also not be present if suitable, wherein the via holes 65 may be utilized for fitting of additional structural elements instead of said flange elements 55. Structural elements and/or modules may be manufactured with form fitting means arranged to fit the predetermined shape of the via holes 65, wherein said via holes 65 may provide an additional alternative function as a replacement of the flange elements 55.
The construction element 1 may be provided as part of a construction module for a prefabrication building system. For such a system a plurality of modules may be produced by means of arranging elements, components and/or modules to a construction element 1. Some examples have been described herein, but are to be viewed as examples and not restrictive with regards to possible combinations. All possible combinations are not described herein as, as should be obvious, a total number of possible combinations would be too many to list herein. At least one construction element 1 may be part of such a module in combination with at least one of the structural elements, components or modules from a group comprising; a room unit, a facade element, a foundation element, a pipe, wires, tubing, a roof element, a balcony element, a door frame, a window frame, insulation material, or a combination of such to name a few. By means of pre-arranging such modules construction work on site at a construction work place may be minimized and be extremely fast and easy to perform.
Fig. 2a shows a construction 67 comprising a plurality of construction elements 1 in an exploded view according to an embodiment. The construction 67 depicted comprises four room units 69 of varying designs but with the same exterior length, height and width, a total of nine construction elements 1, to be arranged at longitudinal edges of said room units 69. The construction 67 further comprises two foundation elements 71, two roof elements 73, a balcony framework 75, a variety of service installation components 77, and a plurality of facade elements 79. As may be seen in fig. 2a, all units and elements as listed herein are connected to at least one construction element 1, either directly or by means of another intermediate element. (Note: for the sake of simplicity the individual parts/elements of the construction elements are not marked with reference numbers in fig. 2a and fig. 2b) Additional structural elements may of course be added to the construction 67 in various ways, but it should be noted that the construction elements 1 provide a plurality of functions to the construction 67, by means of being a multifunctional element to said construction 67. As has been described within the disclosure, the room units 69 are arranged at the right angled abutment surfaces of the construction elements 1. The foundation elements 71 and the roof elements 73 may also be arranged to said abutment surfaces, wherein the facade elements 79 and the service installation components 77 are arranged to contact surfaces of the plate members, flange elements, via holes, or a combination thereof. Additional fastening elements such as screws, nails or similar may of course be added to the construction and its contact points so as to achieve mechanical stability and strength. Other materials and/or attachment methods such as adhesives, clamps, or welding may also be used for specific abutments of elements, dictated by the different materials used. The balcony framework 75 may be a framework of steel or similar and may comprise four corner beams 81 which are designed fit a sub-section 53 of a coupling element 45 arranged at end portions 11 of the construction elements 1 (said sub-sections 53 and coupling elements 45 being described in detail with reference to fig. 1b). Said corner beams 81 may then be inserted into a sub-section 53 of such a coupling element 45, wherein each sub-section 53 used corresponds to the sub-section 53 closest to each corner of the room unit 69 to which the balcony framework 75 is to be arranged. As should be understood, such an arrangement is thus possible for all room units 69 of the construction 67 by means of construction elements 1 comprising such coupling elements 45, and being divided into such sub-sections 53. Thereby different types of balconies may be arranged to the entirety of a wall of such a construction 67 if desired.
Fig. 2b shows a construction 67 comprising a plurality of construction elements 1 in a perspective view according to an embodiment. The construction 67 depicted in fig. 2b may be perceived as the same construction 67 depicted in fig. 2a but in a completed state. Fig. 2a and fig. 2b may preferably by viewed as complementing to each other wherein some details and/or couplings of different elements may be easier to view in one or the other. As should be understood from the entirety of the disclosure, the completed construction shown in fig. 2b comprises a plurality of vertical and horizontal shafts or spaces, extending intermediate the different room units (not shown). All needed service installation components may thus extend throughout the network of shafts, so as to easily be installed in each room unit according to the blueprint of the construction 67.
The construction according to fig. 2a and fig. 2b further comprises a rooftop structure 83, arranged on top of one of the roof elements 73. The rooftop structure 83 may, as should be obvious, not be arranged directly to any of the construction elements 1, but is to be viewed as an example of an additional added feature of such a construction 67. There are pluralities of modifications and added features which may be added as complements to a construction 67 according to the disclosure, wherein some may utilize the multi-functionality of the construction element 1 directly. As an example an exteriorly arranged staircase or similar may be arranged to the construction 67 shown in fig. 2b, as a means to reach the rooftop structure 83, wherein such a staircase may be attached adjacent an outer wall similarly to how the balcony framework 75 is arranged, that is, by means of inserting and attaching attachment beams or similar in the coupling elements of the construction elements 1.
Fig. 3 shows a module 85 comprising a plurality of construction elements 1 and additional structural elements according to an embodiment. The module 85 may, as depicted in fig. 3, comprise four construction elements 1, arranged at longitudinal edges of a room unit 69. The construction elements 1 may be perceived as similar to the embodiment of a construction element 1 with reference to fig. 1c, however, other embodiments are also possible wherein the module 85 according to fig. 3 is to be viewed as an example. The module 85 further comprises additional structural elements in the form of service installation units 87, each comprising a plurality of service installation components 77, wherein the service installation components 77 may comprises a number of different types of components as has been described previously within the disclosure. The service installation units 87 may be preassembled by means of combining service installation components 77 and structural building elements so as to provide said service installation units 87. The service installation units 87 may then arranged to the room unit 69 and the construction elements 1 wherein the arrangement of the service installation units 87 may be securely attached within the structure of the module 85. As is further seen in fig. 3, door frame units 89 may also be arranged within a completed module 87, wherein the two door frame units 89 according to fig. 3 have different designs with respect to their respective widths. The different units, elements and/or sub-modules which may be arranged within one module 85 may of course vary within a wide range of combinations, wherein the planned construction 67 which is to be assembled using a plurality of these types of modules dictates which units, elements and/or sub-modules are to be arranged where according to the planned construction 67. As should be obvious, if a module 85 as shown in fig. 3 is to be a room of a construction 67, an adjacent similar module does not need to be pre-arranged with a construction element 1 where said similar module is arranged to this specific module 85, due to the module 85 shown already comprising construction elements 1 at all longitudinal edges of the centrically positioned room unit 69. Alternative modules 85 may of course also be provided within a prefabrication building system, such as for example modules 85 comprising two construction elements 1, arranged at opposite edges of a room unit 69 wherein a plurality of such modules may be positioned adjacent each other without individual modifications, as long as there is one construction element 1 at what will be the empty longitudinal edge of an outermost module 85. One module 85 according to fig. 3, or a similarly designed module 85 within the scope of the disclosure, may advantageously be manufactured and assembled at a construction facility or similar, wherein it may then be transported to a construction site, where on site assembly may be very fast and efficient. Furthermore, one such module 85 may be designed and constructed in such a manner that it will fit in a pre-assembled state within a standardized shipping container or similar. Thereby transportation of such modules may be handled in a very easy and cost effective way, wherein unnecessary costs are kept at a minimum. The modules 85 may further also be provided with at least parts of the facade elements 79 which are to be used for a construction 67. Thus on site assembly work is lowered even further. A prefabrication building system utilizing modules 85 according to this embodiment may thus provide a very cost effective and easy assembly of constructions 67, wherein a large portion of the work needed for such an assembly may be performed in a manufacturing and/or assembly facility, wherein on site construction work is kept to a bare minimum.
Fig. 4 shows a flowchart of a method for assembly of a construction 67 comprising a plurality of construction elements 1 according to an embodiment. The construction 67 may further comprise a plurality of structural elements and service installation components 77. Such structural elements may comprise; at least one foundation element 71, at least one room unit 69, and a plurality of facade elements 79. An example of such a construction 67 may be the construction 67 shown in fig. 2a and fig. 2b, but without the balcony framework 75 and the rooftop structure 83, or a similar type of construction. The number and position of each structural element 1, as well as the other structural elements may be determined by the predetermined scheme. Such a predetermined scheme may be a blueprint or similar relating to the construction 67. The construction elements 1 used may be perceived as the construction element 1 shown in fig. 1c. However, other embodiments of the construction element 1 according to the disclosure may also be used depending on the type of construction being built, or by means of performing additional detail work if needed, for example for providing holes for service installation components 77. The method provided and shown in the flowchart according to fig. 4 may present the basic concept of the method, however additional steps relating to commonly practiced construction work such as drilling, fastening by means of screwing, nailing or such, painting or other such type of work is not presented herein for the sake of simplicity. The method may comprise the step of: a) arranging a number of construction elements 1 at the at least one foundation element 71 by means of coupling each downwards directed distance element 19 of each construction element 1 to the at least one foundation element 71, defining a first floor level by means of the construction elements 1. The foundation element 71 may be a pre-fabricated foundation element 71 or module, designed to be part of a prefabrication building system utilizing at least one construction element 1 according to the disclosure. However a regular flat foundation may also be used, alone or in combination with such a pre-fabricated foundation element 71 or module. A plurality of specially designed additional foundation elements may also be positioned at a prearranged foundation element, wherein the additional foundation elements may be designed to specifically receive the right angled abutment surfaces of the distance elements of the construction elements. The construction elements 1 are arranged to at least parts of the distance elements 19 of the construction elements 1 by means of the right angled abutment surfaces 29. By means of arranging a first layer of construction elements 1 a first floor level may be defined.
It should be noted that the term floor level is meant to be viewed as a plane of construction elements 1 to be used as connecting elements of floors of a floor of a construction 67. If a construction 67 having a plurality of floors is build, another floor level will thus relate to the next floor of said construction 67. As a layer of spaced out construction elements 1 are arranged at roof portions of room units 69 of the current floor of the construction, said layer of construction elements 1 are to be viewed as a next floor level if another floor is to be arranged over the current floor level. When the desired total number of floor levels is reached, according to the predetermined scheme, the last layer of construction elements 1 may instead be viewed as a roof level of the construction 67.
The method may further comprise the step of: c) arranging a number of room units 69 at the construction elements 1 of the current floor level according to the predetermined scheme, wherein a floor portion of each room unit 69 may be coupled to the right angled abutment surfaces 29 of at least two construction elements 1. The method may thus be utilized as a means of providing a first floor of a building or construction 67, wherein said room units 69 define rooms of such a construction 67 corresponding to a floor of the completed construction 67. As said room units 69 are arranged at the right angled abutment surfaces 29 of the construction elements 1, their positions relative each other and the construction elements 1 may be regarded as fixed according to the predetermined scheme, wherein horizontal and vertical shafts 35, 37 are also defined adjacent each room unit 69. The room units 69 may further be securely attached to the construction elements 1 by means of any type of fastening method known in the arts and suitable for the materials being joined together.
The method may further comprise the step of: b) arranging service installation components 77 for a current floor level according to the predetermined scheme. As has been described, such service installation components 77 may be pipes, tubes, cables or similar related to ventilation, plumbing, electrical devices or other, but also certain kinds of structural elements such as elements, sheets or blocks comprising insulation material or other similar types of materials for modification of properties of a construction 67. Such components may also relate to specially designed modules such as door frames or the like, which also has been described within the disclosure. The step b) may be performed before step c), as shown in the flowchart according to fig. 3. However, the steps b) and c) may be performed in the opposite order, or be performed simultaneously. The method may further be modified by means of providing the service installation components 77 to the construction 67 in the form of modules, which may be regarded as structural elements comprising pre-installed such components 77 therein. Such modules may be combined with the construction elements 1, or with the room units 69 of the construction 67, or a combination of such combined modules. As should be noted, if modules 85 such as the one shown in fig. 3 are used, the method may easily be adapted to conform to an assembly of a construction 67 using such modules instead. For such cases the steps b) and c) may be substituted to another step which comprises positioning of modules 85 comprising all necessary service installation components 77, preassembled within each used module 85. Depending on the design of each and every used module 85 within a completed construction 67, all steps within the method may be somewhat altered as some elements and/or units may already be part of a module instead of being arranged to the construction 67 as an individual part.
The method may further comprise the steps of: d) arranging a number of construction elements 1 at the room units of the previous floor level according to the predetermined scheme, wherein each construction element 1 is coupled to at least one roof portion of the room units 69 by means of the right angled abutment surfaces 29, and defining an additional floor level, and e) repeating steps b) to d) so as to reach a total number of floor levels according to the predetermined scheme.
The construction 67 may then be completed by means of step f) arranging the plurality of facade elements 79 at walls of the room units 69, which walls are defined as outer walls according to predetermined scheme. Such facade elements 79 may comprise insulation material build into the facade elements 79, or such insulation material may be provided by means of separate insulation sheets or blocks or similar as previously described. Furthermore, the construction 67 may be completed after step f), but it is to be understood that the construction 67 as described herein merely is one example of such a construction 67.
Additional structural elements, modules and/or auxiliary additional room units 69 may also be added to such a construction 67 wherein the method may be modified to take such alterations into account. As have been exemplified with reference to fig. 2a and fig. 2b, structures such as balcony frameworks 75 or rooftop structures 83 may be added to such a structure, but also other additional structures such as staircases, porches, exterior lighting or similar may also be incorporated in a modified embodiment of the method as presented.
The foregoing description of the embodiments has been furnished for illustrative and descriptive purposes. It is not intended to be exhaustive, or to limit the embodiments to the variants described. Many modifications and variations will obviously be apparent to one skilled in the art. The embodiments have been chosen and described in order to best explicate principles and practical applications, and to thereby enable one skilled in the art to understand the invention in terms of its various embodiments and with the various modifications that are applicable to its intended use. The components and features specified above may, within the framework of the embodiments, be combined between different embodiments specified.

Claims (9)

1. A construction element (1) for attachment of structural elements, said element (1) comprising an upper plate member (3) and a lower plate member (5), having a same width (7) and a same length (9) and extending between two end portions (11), parallel to each other at a first distance (13), wherein the upper and lower plate members (3, 5) are connected to each other along longitudinal sides (15) of said plate members (3, 5) by means of a plurality of intermediate beams (17), characterized in that each end portion (11) comprises at least one upper and at least one lower distance element (19) having a width (21) and a height (23), and being arranged at an upper surface (25) and a lower surface (27) of said end portions (11) respectively, wherein a longitudinally transversal cross section of each end portion (11) forms a crossshaped circumference, said circumference comprising four right angled abutment surfaces (29), defined by the plate members (3, 5) and the distance elements (19), and in that each end portion (11) comprises side walls (39), arranged to extend between the upper and lower plate members (3, 5), which side walls (39) and plate members (3, 5) define an inner channel (41) which extend from end surfaces (43) of the end portions (11) in a longitudinal direction into the construction element (1), wherein each inner channel (41) of the end portions (11) further comprises a coupling element (45) arranged within said each channel (41) and protruding out from each end portion (11) with a second distance (47), each coupling element (45) comprising a circumferential side wall (49) and a hollow interior, said interior being arranged to receive additional structural elements, and wherein each coupling element (45) further comprises two interior partition walls (51), arranged in a cross shape so as to divide the hollow interior into four equal sub-sections (53).
2. The construction element (1) according to claim 1, wherein an upper surface (25) and a lower surface (27) of the upper and lower plate members (3, 5) respectively comprises a plurality of flange elements (55), arranged between the distance elements (19) of the end portions (11), each flange portion (55) having a width (57) corresponding to the width (7) and the height (9) of the distance elements (19).
3. The construction element (1) according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the upper and lower plate members (3, 5) comprises a plurality of via holes (65), having a predetermined shape.
4. A module (85) for a prefabrication building system, characterized in that it comprises at least one construction element (1) according to any of the claims 1-3.
5. A construction (67) characterized in that it comprises at least one construction element (1) according to any of the claims 1-3.
6. A method for assembly of a construction (67) according to a predetermined scheme, the construction (67) comprising a plurality of structural elements and service installation components (77), said structural elements comprises; at least one foundation element (71), at least one room unit (69), a plurality of facade elements (79), and a plurality of construction elements (1) for attachment of said structural elements, wherein the number and position of each structural element is determined by the predetermined scheme, said construction element (1) comprising an upper plate member (3) and a lower plate member (5), having a same width (7) and a same length (9) and extending parallel to each other at a first distance (13), wherein the upper and lower plate members (3, 5) are connected to each other along longitudinal sides (15) of said plate members (3, 5) by means of a plurality of intermediate beams (17), wherein each end portion (11) comprises at least one upper and at least one lower distance element (19) having a width (21) and a height (23), and being arranged at an upper surface (25) and a lower surface (27) of said end portions (11) respectively, wherein a longitudinally transversal cross section of each end portion (11) forms a cross-shaped circumference, said circumference comprising four right angled abutment surfaces (29), defined by the plate members (3, 5) and the distance elements (19), wherein each end portion (11) comprises side walls (39), arranged to extend between the upper and lower plate members (3, 5), which side walls (39) and plate members (3, 5) define an inner channel (41) which extend from end surfaces (43) of the end portions (11) in a longitudinal direction into the construction element (1), wherein each inner channel (41) of the end portions (11) further comprises a coupling element (45) arranged within said each channel (41) and protruding out from each end portion (11) with a second distance (47), each coupling element (45) comprising a circumferential side wall (49) and a hollow interior, said interior being arranged to receive additional structural elements, and wherein each coupling element (45) further comprises two interior partition walls (51), arranged in a cross shape so as to divide the hollow interior into four equal subsections (53), the method comprising the step of: a) arranging a number of construction elements (1) at the at least one foundation element (71) by means of coupling each downwards directed distance element (19) of each construction element (1) to the at least one foundation element (71), defining a first floor level by means of the construction elements (1).
7. The method according to claim 6, wherein the method further comprises the step of: c) arranging a number of room units (69) at the construction elements (1) of the current floor level according to the predetermined scheme, wherein a floor portion of each room unit (69) is coupled to the right angled abutment surfaces (29) of at least two construction elements (1).
8. The method according to claim 7, further comprising the step of, before the step c): b) arranging service installation components (77) for a current floor level according to the predetermined scheme.
9. The method according to claim 8, further comprising the steps of: d) arranging a number of construction elements (1) at the room units (69) of the previous floor level according to the predetermined scheme, wherein each construction element (1) is coupled to at least one roof portion of the room units (69) by means of the right angled abutment surfaces (29), and defining an additional floor level, e) repeating steps b) to d) so as to reach a total number of floor levels according to the predetermined scheme, and f) arranging the plurality of facade elements (79) at walls of the room units (69), which walls are defined as outer walls according to predetermined scheme.
SE1751585A 2017-12-20 2017-12-20 Construction element, a module and a construction comprising such an element and method of assembly of such a construction SE542383C2 (en)

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EP18833638.2A EP3728752A1 (en) 2017-12-20 2018-12-19 Construction element, a module and a construction comprising such an element and method of assembly of such a construction
PCT/EP2018/085904 WO2019121958A1 (en) 2017-12-20 2018-12-19 Construction element, a module and a construction comprising such an element and method of assembly of such a construction
US16/955,301 US20210010256A1 (en) 2017-12-20 2018-12-19 Construction element, a module and a construction comprising such an element and method of assembly of such a construction

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US20210010256A1 (en) 2021-01-14
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EP3728752A1 (en) 2020-10-28

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