SE533907C2 - Förfarande för klassificering av bränslen i direktinsprutade förbränningsmotorer - Google Patents
Förfarande för klassificering av bränslen i direktinsprutade förbränningsmotorer Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- SE533907C2 SE533907C2 SE0802206A SE0802206A SE533907C2 SE 533907 C2 SE533907 C2 SE 533907C2 SE 0802206 A SE0802206 A SE 0802206A SE 0802206 A SE0802206 A SE 0802206A SE 533907 C2 SE533907 C2 SE 533907C2
- Authority
- SE
- Sweden
- Prior art keywords
- fuel
- engine
- fuels
- characteristic
- internal combustion
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims description 108
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 45
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims description 23
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 title claims description 14
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 title claims description 14
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000002283 diesel fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000004590 computer program Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000000035 biogenic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004702 methyl esters Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- 244000188595 Brassica sinapistrum Species 0.000 description 8
- 235000004977 Brassica sinapistrum Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 239000003225 biodiesel Substances 0.000 description 6
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 108010076504 Protein Sorting Signals Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003502 gasoline Substances 0.000 description 2
- TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N octane Chemical compound CCCCCCCC TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004868 gas analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007620 mathematical function Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008054 signal transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002915 spent fuel radioactive waste Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M15/00—Testing of engines
- G01M15/04—Testing internal-combustion engines
- G01M15/10—Testing internal-combustion engines by monitoring exhaust gases or combustion flame
- G01M15/102—Testing internal-combustion engines by monitoring exhaust gases or combustion flame by monitoring exhaust gases
- G01M15/104—Testing internal-combustion engines by monitoring exhaust gases or combustion flame by monitoring exhaust gases using oxygen or lambda-sensors
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
- F02D19/06—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
- F02D19/0639—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed characterised by the type of fuels
- F02D19/0649—Liquid fuels having different boiling temperatures, volatilities, densities, viscosities, cetane or octane numbers
- F02D19/0652—Biofuels, e.g. plant oils
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
- F02D19/06—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
- F02D19/0626—Measuring or estimating parameters related to the fuel supply system
- F02D19/0634—Determining a density, viscosity, composition or concentration
- F02D19/0636—Determining a density, viscosity, composition or concentration by estimation, i.e. without using direct measurements of a corresponding sensor
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/0025—Controlling engines characterised by use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
- F02D41/14—Introducing closed-loop corrections
- F02D41/1438—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor
- F02D41/1444—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases
- F02D41/146—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases the characteristics being an NOx content or concentration
- F02D41/1461—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases the characteristics being an NOx content or concentration of the exhaust gases emitted by the engine
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/24—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means
- F02D41/2406—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means using essentially read only memories
- F02D41/2409—Addressing techniques specially adapted therefor
- F02D41/2422—Selective use of one or more tables
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
- F02D19/06—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
- F02D19/0663—Details on the fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers
- F02D19/0686—Injectors
- F02D19/0689—Injectors for in-cylinder direct injection
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
- F02D19/06—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
- F02D19/08—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed simultaneously using pluralities of fuels
- F02D19/082—Premixed fuels, i.e. emulsions or blends
- F02D19/085—Control based on the fuel type or composition
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D2200/00—Input parameters for engine control
- F02D2200/02—Input parameters for engine control the parameters being related to the engine
- F02D2200/06—Fuel or fuel supply system parameters
- F02D2200/0611—Fuel type, fuel composition or fuel quality
- F02D2200/0612—Fuel type, fuel composition or fuel quality determined by estimation
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
- F02D41/14—Introducing closed-loop corrections
- F02D41/1438—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor
- F02D41/1444—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases
- F02D41/1446—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases the characteristics being exhaust temperatures
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
- F02D41/14—Introducing closed-loop corrections
- F02D41/1438—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor
- F02D41/1444—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases
- F02D41/1452—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases the characteristics being a COx content or concentration
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
- F02D41/14—Introducing closed-loop corrections
- F02D41/1438—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor
- F02D41/1444—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases
- F02D41/1454—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases the characteristics being an oxygen content or concentration or the air-fuel ratio
- F02D41/1456—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases the characteristics being an oxygen content or concentration or the air-fuel ratio with sensor output signal being linear or quasi-linear with the concentration of oxygen
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
- F02D41/14—Introducing closed-loop corrections
- F02D41/1438—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor
- F02D41/1444—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases
- F02D41/1459—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases the characteristics being a hydrocarbon content or concentration
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/30—Use of alternative fuels, e.g. biofuels
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Emergency Medicine (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Combined Controls Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
- Electrical Control Of Air Or Fuel Supplied To Internal-Combustion Engine (AREA)
- Measuring Oxygen Concentration In Cells (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102007050122A DE102007050122A1 (de) | 2007-10-19 | 2007-10-19 | Verfahren zur Klassifizierung von Kraftstoffen in direkt einspritzenden Brennkraftmaschinen |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| SE0802206L SE0802206L (sv) | 2009-04-20 |
| SE533907C2 true SE533907C2 (sv) | 2011-03-01 |
Family
ID=40458874
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| SE0802206A SE533907C2 (sv) | 2007-10-19 | 2008-10-16 | Förfarande för klassificering av bränslen i direktinsprutade förbränningsmotorer |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| BR (1) | BRPI0804348A2 (fr) |
| DE (1) | DE102007050122A1 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR2922599A1 (fr) |
| SE (1) | SE533907C2 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102010008289A1 (de) * | 2010-02-17 | 2011-08-18 | FEV Motorentechnik GmbH, 52078 | Verfahren zum Betrieb einer Verbrennungskraftmaschine mit zwei verschiedenen Kraftstoffen |
| DE102011008985A1 (de) * | 2011-01-20 | 2012-07-26 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC (n. d. Ges. d. Staates Delaware) | Verfahren zur Bestimmung eines Zusatzstoff-Anteils in einem Kraftstoffgemisch, Steuereinheit, Computerprogrammprodukt, Computerprogramm sowie Signalfolge |
| DE102011010508B4 (de) | 2011-02-07 | 2016-10-27 | Audi Ag | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Erkennung der Kraftstoffqualität in einem Kraftstofftank einer Brennkraftmaschine |
| US8893665B2 (en) | 2011-08-17 | 2014-11-25 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Method and system for compensating for alcohol concentration in fuel |
| DE102018202816A1 (de) * | 2018-02-26 | 2019-08-29 | Continental Automotive Gmbh | Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Brennkraftmaschine |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH07233750A (ja) * | 1994-02-25 | 1995-09-05 | Unisia Jecs Corp | 内燃機関の燃料性状検出装置 |
| US6644097B2 (en) | 1999-04-19 | 2003-11-11 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Method and apparatus for inferring fuel mixture |
| IT1311435B1 (it) * | 1999-12-17 | 2002-03-12 | Magneti Marelli Spa | Metodo per la stima del rapporto stechiometrico del carburante per unsistema di controllo di un motore a combustione interna. |
| DE10327978A1 (de) * | 2003-06-23 | 2005-01-20 | Volkswagen Ag | Bestimmung der Qualität von Kraftstoffen für Kraftfahrzeuge |
| DE102005040551B4 (de) * | 2005-08-26 | 2009-01-29 | Continental Automotive Gmbh | Verfahren zum Ermitteln eines Biodieselanteils im Kraftstoff einer Dieselverbrennungskraftmaschine |
| EP1775584A3 (fr) * | 2005-10-11 | 2011-09-14 | Continental Automotive GmbH | Procédé pour la caractérisation de la qualité de carburants pour moteurs à combustion interne |
-
2007
- 2007-10-19 DE DE102007050122A patent/DE102007050122A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2008
- 2008-10-16 SE SE0802206A patent/SE533907C2/sv not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2008-10-16 BR BRPI0804348-5A patent/BRPI0804348A2/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2008-10-17 FR FR0857061A patent/FR2922599A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2922599A1 (fr) | 2009-04-24 |
| SE0802206L (sv) | 2009-04-20 |
| DE102007050122A1 (de) | 2009-04-23 |
| BRPI0804348A2 (pt) | 2009-06-16 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN102037228B (zh) | 用于对用于内燃机的NOx传感器进行诊断的方法和装置 | |
| CN104110319A (zh) | 湿度传感器和发动机系统 | |
| CN104110311A (zh) | 湿度传感器和发动机系统 | |
| SE533907C2 (sv) | Förfarande för klassificering av bränslen i direktinsprutade förbränningsmotorer | |
| US8527184B2 (en) | SBS logical bio-diesel sensor | |
| CN107489551B (zh) | 内燃机的控制装置 | |
| US20200318562A1 (en) | Fuel type prediction from mass flow measurements and thermal conductivity sensor | |
| CN102042105A (zh) | 基于空气对燃料相对比评估的生物柴油混合检测的方法 | |
| KR20080011434A (ko) | 내연 기관의 실린더 내에서 연소된 연료 질량과 실린더내부에 공급된 연료 질량 사이의 비율을 결정하기 위한방법 및 장치 | |
| CN101725420B (zh) | 确定燃料的十六烷值cn的方法 | |
| CN103573447B (zh) | 用于基于发动机速度诊断氧传感器中的故障的系统和方法 | |
| Chadry et al. | Embedded system using field programmable gate array (Fpga) myrio and labview programming to obtain data patern emission of car engine combustion categories | |
| CN112128005A (zh) | 一种针对高烟炱生成进行ecu标定的方法 | |
| CN106103956B (zh) | 内燃机的空燃比检测装置 | |
| CN105814297A (zh) | 用于内燃机的诊断系统 | |
| CN109139330A (zh) | 增压发动机点火控制方法以及增压发动机点火控制系统 | |
| US10077723B1 (en) | Apparatus and method for compensating for fuel injection quantity in engine of vehicle | |
| SE1051374A1 (sv) | Metod och apparat för att bestämma proportionen etanol i bränslet i ett motorfordon | |
| Gottschalk et al. | Biofuel application and emissions behavior on a two-stroke main engine | |
| US7124017B2 (en) | Method of operating an internal combustion engine | |
| KR101302768B1 (ko) | 에탄올 연료비율 분석 및 연료량 증량 결정을 위한 장치 및그 동작 방법 | |
| Osman et al. | Performance and Emission Characteristics of Direct Injection CI Engine Retrofitted with Mono-CNG System | |
| Byttner et al. | Closed-loop control of EGR using ion currents | |
| US20140081554A1 (en) | Diagnostic device and method for ascertaining an effect of an additive addition on a drive train of a motor vehicle | |
| ITMI20001041A1 (it) | Procedimento atto all'esercizio di un sistema di alimentazione del carburante. |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| NUG | Patent has lapsed |