SE511747C3 - Cold working steel - Google Patents
Cold working steelInfo
- Publication number
- SE511747C3 SE511747C3 SE9801045A SE9801045A SE511747C3 SE 511747 C3 SE511747 C3 SE 511747C3 SE 9801045 A SE9801045 A SE 9801045A SE 9801045 A SE9801045 A SE 9801045A SE 511747 C3 SE511747 C3 SE 511747C3
- Authority
- SE
- Sweden
- Prior art keywords
- cold working
- working steel
- steel
- max
- steel according
- Prior art date
Links
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 51
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims description 51
- 238000005482 strain hardening Methods 0.000 title claims description 14
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005296 abrasive Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium(0) Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241000719190 Chloroscombrus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000566150 Pandion haliaetus Species 0.000 description 1
- 210000001138 Tears Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009760 electrical discharge machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 101710017974 flfl Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010310 metallurgical process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004663 powder metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000008207 working material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/003—Cementite
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/008—Martensite
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/002—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Cr
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/22—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with molybdenum or tungsten
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/24—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with vanadium
Description
2 i' Émiß 511 747 - det skall goda gnistningsegenskaper, - det skall ha en adekvat abrasiv nötningsbeständighet, - det skall ha en adekvat seghet, - det skall ha en hög tryckhållfasthet, och - det skall ha goda utmattningsegenskaper, god skärbarhet och god slipbarhet Inledningsvis undersöktes en serie kända kallarbetsstål. Den kemiska sammansättningen hos dessa stål redovisas i Tabell l. 511 747 00 0 000.0 00.0 00.0 00.0 0.0 0... .00.0 .00.0 00.0 00.0 00.. .. 0,.. 000.0 000.0 00.0 0... 00.0 00.0 00.0 0.0. 0000.0 000.0 00.0 00.0 00.. äs -0.0.0 äs -00.0 00... -00.0 äs -0... äs äs -00.0 -0..0 -00.. 0. 00. 000.0 0.0 000.0 00.. 00.0 00.. 00.0 .0... 000.0 00.0 00.0 00.0 0... 0 00 00.0 0... 00.. 00.0 00.0 00.. 0... 0 00. 0.0 0.. 0.0 . . 0 00 _ 0.0 0.. 0.0 0 00. _. _. .0.0. .00.0 . 0..0 .0.0....00..0. 0.0.0.. å 00. 000.0 00.0 000.0 00.0 0.0.0 00.. 0.0.0. . 0 0... 0. 0.0.0 0.0.0 00.0 .0.0 00.0 .00.0 000.0 00.0 00.0 00.0 0 0 00 0 000.0 0.0.0 00.0 0.0.0 00.0 00.0 00.. 0..0 00.0 .00.0 000.0 00.0 00.0 00.0 0 0... 0. 000.0 000.0 00.0 0..0 .0.0 0... 0.0 00.0 .00.0 000.0 00.0 00.0 0.. . 2 i 'Émiß 511 747 - it must have good sparking properties, - it must have an adequate abrasion resistance, - it must have adequate toughness, - it must have a high compressive strength, and - it must have good fatigue properties, good cutability and good abrasion resistance Initially, a series of known cold working steels were investigated. The chemical composition of these steels is reported in Table l. 511 747 00 0 000.0 00.0 00.0 00.0 0.0 0 ... .00.0 .00.0 00.0 00.0 00 .. .. 0, .. 000.0 000.0 00.0 0 ... 00.0 00.0 00.0 0.0 . 0000.0 000.0 00.0 00.0 00 .. äs -0.0.0 äs -00.0 00 ... -00.0 äs -0 ... äs äs -00.0 -0..0 -00 .. 0. 00. 000.0 0.0 000.0 00 .. 00.0 00 .. 00.0 .0 ... 000.0 00.0 00.0 00.0 0 ... 0 00 00.0 0 ... 00 .. 00.0 00.0 00 .. 0 ... 0 00. 0.0 0 .. 0.0. . 0 00 _ 0.0 0 .. 0.0 0 00. _. _. .0.0. .00.0. 0..0 .0.0 .... 00..0. 0.0.0 .. å 00. 000.0 00.0 000.0 00.0 0.0.0 00 .. 0.0.0. . 0 0 ... 0. 0.0.0 0.0.0 00.0 .0.0 00.0 .00.0 000.0 00.0 00.0 00.0 0 0 00 0 000.0 0.0.0 00.0 0.0.0 00.0 00.0 00 .. 0..0 00.0 .00.0 000.0 00.0 00.0 00.0 0 0 ... 0. 000.0 000.0 00.0 0..0 .0.0 0 ... 0.0 00.0 .00.0 000.0 00.0 00.0 0 ...
E 0 .E 00,0 o z .< ö .0 02 > B 00,. .z ö 0 .. 00,. .0 u .0.0.0 -Mum -wU-må .Nuv-wm-Oflflâ ka e\c|mwv=> Mimflwummflfl-.n-Eßm Mmm-EU! w :UQRP 4 Pl3llB 511 747 Stålen enligt tabellen undersöktes eller jämfördes med avseende på mikrostruktur, inklusive typen och karaktären av inneslutningar, värmebehandlingsrespons, härdbarhet, hårdhet efter austenitisering och efter anlöpning, dimensionsstabilitet, gnistbearbetning, seghet i termer av slaghållfasthet och böjhållfasthet, abrasivt nötningsmotstånd, tryck- sträckgräns samt slipbarhet och skärbarhet.E 0 .E 00,0 o z. <Ö .0 02> B 00 ,. .z ö 0 .. 00 ,. .0 u .0.0.0 -Mum -wU-må .Nuv-wm-O flfl â ka e \ c | mwv => Mim fl wumm flfl-. N-Eßm Mmm-EU! w: UQRP 4 Pl3llB 511 747 The steels according to the table were examined or compared for microstructure, including the type and nature of inclusions, heat treatment response, hardenability, hardness after austenitization and after annealing, dimensional stability, spark machining, toughness in terms of impact strength, abrasion resistance and abrasion resistance. , compressive yield strength as well as grindability and cutability.
Inget av de undersökta stålen hade en till alla delar önskad kombination av egenskaper.None of the examined steels had a desired combination of properties in all respects.
Utgående från de erhållna resultaten ställdes därefter, i det fortsatta utvecklingsarbetet, en reviderad kravprofil samman, varvid framförallt inverkan av hårdhet och karbid- volym på seghet och nötningsbeständighet beaktades. I denna andra etapp av utveck- lingsarbetet utvärderades mer ingående hur små förändringar i halten av C, N, Mn, V och Mo påverkar ett antal kritiska egenskaper som seghet, värmebehandlingsrespons, härdbarhet, sekundärhårdnande, anlöpningsbeständighet och nötningsbeständighet. I detta arbete framställdes sju 50 kg laboratoriegöt med kemisk sammansättning i vikts-% enligt Tabell 2.Based on the results obtained, a revised requirements profile was then compiled in the further development work, whereby above all the effect of hardness and carbide volume on toughness and abrasion resistance was taken into account. In this second stage of the development work, a more detailed evaluation was made of how small changes in the content of C, N, Mn, V and Mo affect a number of critical properties such as toughness, heat treatment response, hardenability, secondary hardening, tempering resistance and abrasion resistance. In this work, seven 50 kg laboratory ingots with a chemical composition in% by weight were prepared according to Table 2.
Tabell 2 Kemisk sammansättning i vikts-% Stål Q-göt C Si Mn P S Cr Mo V N Rest nr 12 9020 0.96 0.81 0.50 0.007 0.005 7.18 2.97 0.41 0.016 Fe 13 9021 0.98 0.95 0.47 0.008 0.005 7.05 2.90 0.41 0.016 Fe 14 9024 0.92 0.93 0.53 0.009 0.005 7.06 2.53 0.40 0.074 Fe 9021 0.97 0.91 1.04 0.007 0.005 6.85 2.34 0.41 0.027 Fe 16 9023 1.03 1.06 1.20 0.008 0.005 6.97 1.99 0.66 0.047 Fe 17 9038 0.90 0.84 0.49 0.006 0.005 6.69 2.45 0.44 0.023 Fe 18 9039 0.85 0.86 0.47 0.007 0.004 7.28 2.46 0.43 0.022 Fe Samtliga stål smiddes till stänger 60 x 60 mm. Undersökningarna av materialet visade att ett stål som bäst uppfyller de uppställda kraven med avseende på olika egenskaper nämnda i det föregående bör ha följande sammansättning i vikts-%: 0.82-0.97 C, 0.70- l.10 Si, 038-062 Mn, minst 7.6 men mindre än 8.0 Cr, max 0.40 Ni, 2.30-2.70 Mo, max 0.25 W, 0.3 5-0.55 V, restjärn, föroreningar och accessoriska element i normala halter. Normalt innehåller stålet vidare max 0.15 N, företrädesvis max 0.03 N, max 0.30 Cu och max 6 ppm H. Al-halten uppgår typiskt till 0010-0045 %. Typiskt bör stålet innehålla 0.92 c, 0.95 si, 0.5 Mn, 7.8 cr, 2.5 M0, 0.45 v.Table 2 Chemical composition in% by weight Steel Q-ingot C Si Mn PS Cr Mo VN Residue No. 12 9020 0.96 0.81 0.50 0.007 0.005 7.18 2.97 0.41 0.016 Fe 13 9021 0.98 0.95 0.47 0.008 0.005 7.05 2.90 0.41 0.016 Fe 14 9024 0.92 0.93 0.53 0.009 0.005 7.06 2.53 0.40 0.074 Fe 9021 0.97 0.91 1.04 0.007 0.005 6.85 2.34 0.41 0.027 Fe 16 9023 1.03 1.06 1.20 0.008 0.005 6.97 1.99 0.66 0.047 Fe 17 9038 0.90 0.84 0.49 0.006 0.005 6.69 2.45 0.44 0.023 Fe 18 9039 0.85 0.86 0.47 0.007 0.004 7.28 2.46 0.43 0.022 Fe All steels were forged into bars 60 x 60 mm. The investigations of the material showed that a steel which best meets the set requirements with regard to various properties mentioned above should have the following composition in% by weight: 0.82-0.97 C, 0.70-1.10 Si, 038-062 Mn, at least 7.6 but less than 8.0 Cr, max 0.40 Ni, 2.30-2.70 Mo, max 0.25 W, 0.3 5-0.55 V, residual iron, impurities and accessory elements in normal concentrations. Normally the steel further contains a maximum of 0.15 N, preferably a maximum of 0.03 N, a maximum of 0.30 Cu and a maximum of 6 ppm H. The Al content typically amounts to 0010-0045%. Typically, the steel should contain 0.92 c, 0.95 si, 0.5 Mn, 7.8 cr, 2.5 M0, 0.45 v.
U i: Élíisllß 511 747 Beträffande stålets mikrostruktur består denna efter austenitisering vid l0OO-1080°C, avkylning till rumstemperatur och anlöpning en eller flera gånger vid 180-650°C av anlöpt martensit, innehållande en total karbidvolym av 3-6 vol-%, företrädesvis 3-5 vol- %, av vilka O.25-0.45 vol-% utgörs av MC-karbider och resten väsentligen av M7C3- karbider. Lämpligen uppgår mängden primärkarbider till ca 4 vol-%.U i: Élíisllß 511 747 Regarding the microstructure of the steel, after austenitization at 100-180 ° C, cooling to room temperature and tempering once or 180 times at 180-650 ° C, it consists of tempered martensite, containing a total carbide volume of 3-6% by volume , preferably 3-5% by volume, of which 0.25-0.45% by volume consists of MC carbides and the remainder essentially of M7C3 carbides. Suitably the amount of primary carbides is about 4% by volume.
Stålet enligt uppfinningen kan tillverkas på konventionellt sätt genom framställning av en smälta, som gjuts till göt, som sedlàgkan vamlbearbetas till formen av stänger, plattor, etc, av vilka kan framställas verktyg eller andra artiklar, vilka kan värme- behandlas så att man Far en slutprodukt med önskad egenskapsprofll. Den konventio- nella tillverkningen av göt kan kompletteras med något efterföljande smältmetallurgiskt process-steg, såsom t.ex. elektroslaggaffinering (ESR) eller, som alternativ process, uppbyggnad av göt av stelnande smälta droppar, såsom den process som är känd under namnet Osprey. I Ytterligare kännetecken och aspekter på stålet enligt uppfinningen framgår av de efterföljande patentkraven och belyses av följande redogörelse för utförda försök.The steel according to the invention can be manufactured in a conventional manner by producing a melt, which is cast into ingots, which can be custom-made into the form of rods, plates, etc., from which tools or other articles can be made, which can be heat-treated so that a end product with desired property profile. The conventional production of ingots can be supplemented with some subsequent melt metallurgical process step, such as e.g. electroslagging (ESR) or, as an alternative process, the construction of ingots of solidifying molten droplets, such as the process known as Osprey. Further features and aspects of the steel according to the invention appear from the following claims and are illustrated by the following description of tests performed.
KORT FIGURBESKRIVNING I den följande redogörelsen för fiírsök kommer att hänvisas till ritningsfiguren, som i form av ett diagram illustrerarišmlsförslitningen som funktion av antal slag vid stansning i höghållfast stålplåt. i REDoGöRELsE FÖR UTFÖRDA EöRsöK Stålet enligt uppfinningen är avsett ššgnvändas för framställning av verktyg för kall- bearbetning. Inom exempelvis bilinšin används kallbearbetningsverktyg för att klippa, stansa, pressa och bocka tunfi plåt, bland vilka på senare tid har utvecklats nya, höghållfasta stål. Ett av dessa utvecklats av SSAB Tunnplåt AB och är känt under varunamnet DocolT" 1400 innehåller, förutom järn och oundvikliga föroreningar, i vikts-% typiskt 0.18 Si, 1.80 Mn, 0.015 P, 0.002 S, 0.040 Al och 0.030 Nb. Dem stål tillverkas i tjocieiåkm mellan 0.50 till 2.00 mm och har i leveranstillstånd mekaniska egenslcfagl: enligt Tabell 3.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS In the following description of the study, reference will be made to the drawing, which in the form of a diagram illustrates the wear and tear as a function of the number of strokes when punching in high-strength steel sheet. IN EXPLANATORY STATEMENTS The steel according to the invention is intended to be used for the production of tools for cold working. In bilinšin, for example, cold working tools are used to cut, punch, press and bend sheet metal, among which new, high-strength steels have recently been developed. One of these was developed by SSAB Tunnplåt AB and is known under the brand name DocolT "1400 contains, in addition to iron and unavoidable impurities, in weight% typically 0.18 Si, 1.80 Mn, 0.015 P, 0.002 S, 0.040 Al and 0.030 Nb. The steels are manufactured in thicknesses between 0.50 to 2.00 mm and has, in delivery condition, mechanical properties: according to Table 3.
P1311B 511 747 :oxošoßm x od m oowTooï omÉ omvToofi LO coï Eåoooü .EE .EE ~EE\Z .xQEnEE Imtäf EE oN\U°oß_ .ÉELEE :owšcfiztwš _ Awšcouhw; vvïê .X NEÉZ uwcæcfizwaëhfiš :wo NEÉZ .En Qom så sm :ocmccouwv °\.. N .mm 5:» Så ha 292 .EE wcëwcwtom SEÉEEÉSQ bvc» mcfiwxowbw mcfiwxowbm Üšgxsàm »onazåuwu .äëëzuë Såsïäaëüvngøx. l m :ååh lO 7 :Platta 511 747 Typiska applikationer av detta stål i bilar är för sidokollisionsskydd, Stötfångare, under- reden och skenor för säten samt andra konstruktionsdetalj er. Utförda undersökningar har tagit sikte på att utvärdera stålets användbarhet for verktyg för tillverkning av produkter av detta slag och att jämföra stålets egenskaper med andra, kommersiellt tillgängliga stål för kallarbetsverktyg.P1311B 511 747: oxošoßm x od m oowTooï omÉ omvToo fi LO coï Eåoooü .EE .EE ~ EE \ Z .xQEnEE Imtäf EE oN \ U ° oß_ .ÉELEE: owšc fi ztwš _ Awšcouhw; vvïê .X NEÉZ uwcæc fi zwaëh fi š: wo NEÉZ .En Qom så sm: ocmccouwv ° \ .. N .mm 5: »Så ha 292 .EE wcëwcwtom SEÉEEÉSQ bvc» mc fi wxowbw mc fi wxowbëm ëg ». l m: ååh lO 7: Plate 511 747 Typical applications of this steel in cars are for side impact protection, bumpers, undercarriages and rails for seats and other construction details. Studies have aimed to evaluate the usefulness of steel for tools for the manufacture of products of this kind and to compare the properties of steel with other, commercially available steels for cold working tools.
De kemiska sammansättningarna för de undersökta stålen framgår av Tabell 4. Stål nr 19 är ett stål enligt uppfinningen. Stålet tillverkades som en 35 tons produktionscharge i elektrisk ljusbågsugn. Av stålet formades göt, som smiddes och valsades till stång.The chemical compositions of the examined steels are shown in Table 4. Steel no. 19 is a steel according to the invention. The steel was manufactured as a 35 ton production batch in an electric arc furnace. The steel was formed into ingots, which were forged and rolled into rods.
Halterna av nickel, niob, titan och koppar utgörs av restämnen från använda råvaror och är oavsiktliga. Aluminium har tillsatts för stålets desoxidation och den angivna halten aluminium är en rest från denna process. Stål nr 20 är ett stål enligt i det föregående nämnda US-A-S, l60,553, som framställts av annan tillverkare. Stålet, som är kommer- siellt tillgängligt, har analyserats av sökanden med avseende på dess kemiska samman- sättning. Stålen nr 21, 22 och 23 är kommersiella stål, som tillverkas av sökanden. De i Tabell 4 angivna haltema för stålen 21-23 är nominella halter. Stål nr 21 är ett konven- tionellt tillverkat stål, medan stålen 22 och 23 har tillverkats pulvermetallurgiskt.The levels of nickel, niobium, titanium and copper consist of residues from used raw materials and are unintentional. Aluminum has been added for the deoxidation of the steel and the specified content of aluminum is a residue from this process. Steel No. 20 is a steel according to the aforementioned US-A-S, 160,553, which is manufactured by another manufacturer. The steel, which is commercially available, has been analyzed by the applicant for its chemical composition. Steels Nos. 21, 22 and 23 are commercial steels manufactured by the applicant. The contents of the steels 21-23 given in Table 4 are nominal contents. Steel no. 21 is a conventionally manufactured steel, while steels 22 and 23 have been manufactured in powder metallurgy.
Förutom de i tabellen presenterade haltema av olika ämnen innehåller dessa stål även föroreningar i normala halter härrörande fiån ingående råvaror för stålets framställning. lll P1311B 511 747 oowšmcm S: n ä: om www m; wo Éoow Noow vo o; ßoN mm om of m; oo Éoow Noow wo o; w; NN om wo wo o.N_ omoow omoow mo mo mo; om um d: .ad Éwo »oo Nmooo ïo Ko Äoo EN Nmo www _ooo.o Ãoo omo oßo oo; om om d: .md mmoo ooo oooo Nooo ævo cmoo mod Nfo wow ßoooo Ãoo Nmo oo So 2 äom O Z _< :U E. nZ > >> 02 .Z .U m m 52 om U E :mom .Xflåzï I :Étmmšæ-:Eš :fiëøvw I w :aaah :P 511 747 Av stänger av stål nr 19-23 med stångdimensioner enligt Tabell 5 framställdes stansar med stansdiametem 10 mm. Samtliga stansar togs ut från centrum och tvärs stångrikt- ningen med stansens längdriktning i stångens höjdriktning. Arbetsmaterialet utgjordes av nämnda Docoll” 1400 DP med en tjocklek av 1.0 mm. Materialet var kallvalsat och värmebehandlat for att erhålla högsta hållfasthetsnivå och gav således ett utslag i abrasiv nötningsbeständighet och duktilitet/seghet. Stansningarna utfördes i en 15 tons excenterpress. Stanshastigheten var 200 slag/min; stansspalt 6 %; ingen smörjning.In addition to the levels of various substances presented in the table, these steels also contain impurities in normal levels arising from the raw materials used in the production of the steel. lll P1311B 511 747 oowšmcm S: n ä: om www m; wo Éoow Noow vo o; ßoN mm om of m; oo Éoow Noow wo o; w; NN om wo wo o.N_ omoow omoow mo mo mo; om um d: .ad Éwo »oo Nmooo ïo Ko Äoo EN Nmo www _ooo.o Ãoo omo oßo oo; om om d: .md mmoo ooo oooo Nooo ævo cmoo mod Nfo wow ßoooo Ãoo Nmo oo So 2 äom OZ _ <: U E. nZ> >> 02 .Z .U mm 52 om UE: mom .X fl åzï I: Étmmšæ- : Eš: fi ëøvw I w: aaah: P 511 747 From steel rods Nos. 19-23 with rod dimensions according to Table 5, punches with a punch diameter of 10 mm were produced. All punches were taken out from the center and across the bar direction with the longitudinal direction of the punch in the height direction of the bar. The working material consisted of the said Docoll ”1400 DP with a thickness of 1.0 mm. The material was cold rolled and heat treated to obtain the highest level of strength and thus gave an effect in abrasive abrasion resistance and ductility / toughness. The punches were performed in a 15 ton eccentric press. The punching speed was 200 beats / min; punch gap 6%; no lubrication.
Mätningen av forslitningen gjordes med ett prisma där kurvavvikelsen fore och efier stansserien mättes. Differensen omvandlades till antal umz, vilket representerar forslitningen.The measurement of the wear was made with a prism where the curve deviation before and after the punch series was measured. The difference was converted to the number of umz, which represents the wear.
Tabell 5 visar provningsparametrarna och erhållen stansforslitning efier 200 000 stansningar. Tabellen redovisar även värmebehandlingen av verktygen. Samtliga stansar hade härdats från angiven austenitiseringstemperatur (TA såsom visas i tabellen) och efter avkylning anlöpts två gånger, varje gång i två timmar vid i tabellen angiven anlöpningstemperatur.Table 5 shows the test parameters and punch wear obtained or 200,000 punches. The table also shows the heat treatment of the tools. All punches had been cured from the indicated austenitizing temperature (TA as shown in the table) and after cooling were annealed twice, each time for two hours at the annealing temperature indicated in the table.
Tabell 5 Stål Stansforslitning Stångdimension Hårdhet Värmebehandling “f (tlmz) (mm) (HRC) 19 13125 2s4x76Å2 60 TA=1o3o°c/3o min+ 550°/2x2h 36105 200xl00 59.5 TA=1050°C/30 min+ 550°/2x2h 21 18743 250X80 60,5 TA=1020°C/30 min+ 550°/2x2h 22 9618 2507:80 60 TA=l020°C/30 min+ 525°/2x2h 23 7790 2507:63 60.5 TA=l020°C/30 min+ 525°/2x2h I figuren visas hela forslitningsförloppißtvid stansningen. Resultaten kan förklaras med att de pulvermetallurgiskt tillverkade nr 22 och 23 har tillräcklig duktilitet for att undvika urgryning i stanseggen och att den högre vanadinhalten i stål nr 23 ger det minsta abrasiva slitaget. Det uppfinningsenliga stålet nr 19 med en väl avvägd kemisk sammansättning av legeringselement gav en balanserad egenskapsprofil, där abrasiv nötning dominerar framför mikrourflisning av stanseggen. Nötningsbeständigheten var tama PIBIIB 511 747 bättre än det väsentligt högre legerade stålet nr 21 och var jämförbar med den hos de exklusvia, högvanadinhaltiga, pulvermetallurgiskt framställda stålen nr 22 och 23.Table 5 Steel Punch wear Bar dimension Hardness Heat treatment “f (tlmz) (mm) (HRC) 19 13125 2s4x76Å2 60 TA = 1o3o ° c / 3o min + 550 ° / 2x2h 36105 200xl00 59.5 TA = 1050 ° C / 30 min + 550 ° / 2x2h 21 18743 250X80 60.5 TA = 1020 ° C / 30 min + 550 ° / 2x2h 22 9618 2507: 80 60 TA = l020 ° C / 30 min + 525 ° / 2x2h 23 7790 2507: 63 60.5 TA = l020 ° C / 30 min + 525 ° / 2x2h The figure shows the entire wear process during punching. The results can be explained by the fact that the powder metallurgically manufactured nos. 22 and 23 have sufficient ductility to avoid germination in the punching edge and that the higher vanadium content in steel no. 23 gives the least abrasive wear. The inventive steel no. 19 with a well-balanced chemical composition of alloying elements gave a balanced property profile, where abrasive abrasion dominates over micro-rupture of the punching edge. The abrasion resistance was tame PIBIIB 511 747 better than the substantially higher alloy steel No. 21 and was comparable to that of the exclusive, high vanadium-containing, powder metallurgically produced steels No. 22 and 23.
Framförallt stål nr 20 hade en krafiig tendens till urgryning i stanseggen, vilket förklarar varför detta material är mindre bra i detta test.Especially steel no. 20 had a strong tendency to germinate in the punching edge, which explains why this material is less good in this test.
Claims (9)
Priority Applications (15)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
SE9801045A SE511747C2 (en) | 1998-03-27 | 1998-03-27 | Cold Work |
AU37374/99A AU740280B2 (en) | 1998-03-27 | 1999-03-08 | Cold work steel |
CN99804471A CN1098369C (en) | 1998-03-27 | 1999-03-08 | Cold work steel |
AT99919719T ATE240418T1 (en) | 1998-03-27 | 1999-03-08 | COLD WORK STEEL |
DE69907896T DE69907896T4 (en) | 1998-03-27 | 1999-03-08 | COLD STEEL |
KR1020007010728A KR100562760B1 (en) | 1998-03-27 | 1999-03-08 | Cold work steel |
EP99919719A EP1068367B1 (en) | 1998-03-27 | 1999-03-08 | Cold work steel |
JP2000541355A JP2002509987A (en) | 1998-03-27 | 1999-03-08 | Cold worked steel |
PCT/SE1999/000346 WO1999050469A1 (en) | 1998-03-27 | 1999-03-08 | Cold work steel |
DE69907896A DE69907896D1 (en) | 1998-03-27 | 1999-03-08 | COLD STEEL |
ES99919719T ES2197637T3 (en) | 1998-03-27 | 1999-03-08 | STEEL TO WORK IN COLD. |
BR9909159-3A BR9909159A (en) | 1998-03-27 | 1999-03-08 | Cold-working steel |
CA002325453A CA2325453C (en) | 1998-03-27 | 1999-03-08 | Cold work steel |
TW088113776A TW500810B (en) | 1998-03-27 | 1999-08-12 | Cold work steel |
HK01104421A HK1033964A1 (en) | 1998-03-27 | 2001-06-27 | Cold work steel |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
SE9801045A SE511747C2 (en) | 1998-03-27 | 1998-03-27 | Cold Work |
Publications (4)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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SE9801045D0 SE9801045D0 (en) | 1998-03-27 |
SE9801045L SE9801045L (en) | 1999-09-28 |
SE511747C3 true SE511747C3 (en) | 1999-09-28 |
SE511747C2 SE511747C2 (en) | 1999-11-15 |
Family
ID=20410729
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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SE9801045A SE511747C2 (en) | 1998-03-27 | 1998-03-27 | Cold Work |
Country Status (14)
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EP (1) | EP1068367B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2002509987A (en) |
KR (1) | KR100562760B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN1098369C (en) |
AT (1) | ATE240418T1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU740280B2 (en) |
BR (1) | BR9909159A (en) |
CA (1) | CA2325453C (en) |
DE (2) | DE69907896D1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2197637T3 (en) |
HK (1) | HK1033964A1 (en) |
SE (1) | SE511747C2 (en) |
TW (1) | TW500810B (en) |
WO (1) | WO1999050469A1 (en) |
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DE10019042A1 (en) * | 2000-04-18 | 2001-11-08 | Edelstahl Witten Krefeld Gmbh | Nitrogen alloyed steel produced by spray compacting used in the production of composite materials contains alloying additions of manganese and molybdenum |
FR2823768B1 (en) * | 2001-04-18 | 2003-09-05 | Usinor | TOOL STEEL WITH REINFORCED TENACITY, METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING PARTS THEREOF AND PARTS OBTAINED |
CN100513609C (en) * | 2002-12-25 | 2009-07-15 | 日立金属株式会社 | Cold die steel excellent in characteristic of suppressing dimensional change |
JP5988732B2 (en) * | 2012-07-02 | 2016-09-07 | 山陽特殊製鋼株式会社 | Cold work tool steel with high hardness and toughness |
WO2014192730A1 (en) * | 2013-05-30 | 2014-12-04 | 日立金属株式会社 | Method for manufacturing mold for cold working use |
US20200140979A1 (en) * | 2015-12-24 | 2020-05-07 | Rovalma, S.A. | Long durability high performance steel for structural, machine and tooling applications |
CN108220808A (en) * | 2017-11-28 | 2018-06-29 | 昆山邦泰汽车零部件制造有限公司 | A kind of steel for manufacturing punch machining equipment for automotive punch |
JP2020111766A (en) * | 2019-01-08 | 2020-07-27 | 山陽特殊製鋼株式会社 | Cold tool steel |
CN113493885A (en) * | 2020-04-01 | 2021-10-12 | 东莞市奥利瓦钢材模具有限公司 | High-performance hot-work die steel and preparation method thereof |
CN113604744B (en) * | 2021-08-10 | 2022-12-27 | 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 | High-strength and high-toughness cold-work die steel and preparation method thereof |
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SE456650C (en) * | 1987-03-19 | 1989-10-16 | Uddeholm Tooling Ab | POWDER METAL SURGICAL PREPARED STEEL STEEL |
AT393387B (en) * | 1989-10-23 | 1991-10-10 | Boehler Gmbh | COLD WORK STEEL WITH HIGH PRESSURE STRENGTH AND USE OF THIS STEEL |
-
1998
- 1998-03-27 SE SE9801045A patent/SE511747C2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1999
- 1999-03-08 KR KR1020007010728A patent/KR100562760B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-03-08 DE DE69907896A patent/DE69907896D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-03-08 AT AT99919719T patent/ATE240418T1/en active
- 1999-03-08 ES ES99919719T patent/ES2197637T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-03-08 WO PCT/SE1999/000346 patent/WO1999050469A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1999-03-08 AU AU37374/99A patent/AU740280B2/en not_active Expired
- 1999-03-08 CA CA002325453A patent/CA2325453C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-03-08 BR BR9909159-3A patent/BR9909159A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-03-08 JP JP2000541355A patent/JP2002509987A/en active Pending
- 1999-03-08 EP EP99919719A patent/EP1068367B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-03-08 CN CN99804471A patent/CN1098369C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-03-08 DE DE69907896T patent/DE69907896T4/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-08-12 TW TW088113776A patent/TW500810B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
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- 2001-06-27 HK HK01104421A patent/HK1033964A1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
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