SE469551B - FORMABLISHED HANDY BODY AND METHOD AND TOOLS FOR ITS PREPARATION - Google Patents

Description

10 15 20 25 30 35 2 tool, the melt is closed at the passage above and bottom. At the top, gas is then supplied through a supply supply pipe and the melt is inflated inside the mold tool The extruder can be controlled in several ways, for example the play of the tubular melt and thus of the the detail is varied. Furthermore, the melt can consist of several layer, for example, a soft inner layer and a rigid one outer layer. By temporarily interrupting the extrusion of the outer layer, a flexible part of the pipe can then be created. The method enables the manufacture of beard-free components with licensed design. Developments in the field of materials have led to blow molding of most construction plastics now is possible.

But the method also has limitations. Blow molding the process gives uneven thickness distribution, which can be troublesome in some parts of the tube. It's hard or impossible to create more complicated forms, such as pel connection flanges. This is especially true of the requirements on dimensional stability and tight tolerances are relative high or high.

OBJECT OF THE INVENTION The object of the present invention is to be essential reduce the above problems by creating a procedure for the manufacture of blow molded polymer parts, as well as fabric for the procedure, so that details with integrated manufactured hollow-shaped bodies, for example end flanges, pipe brackets, reinforcement hose, can be manufactured. The pre- the worked details can be given one optimized for its purpose execution and selection of materials. For example, stuffed and reinforced plastic materials, as well as metallic materials, be used in the connection flanges, which gives dimensional stability and tight tolerances.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The above object is achieved by the procedure, the fabric and product of the invention they exhibit in characteristics specified in the appended claims. 10 15 20 25 30 35 469 551 3 In the following, pipes are used as an example, because it is a simple and common type of blow molding detail.

The method according to the invention is thus characterized essentially of, that in the blow molding passage of the mold tool first introduces a number of neck-shaped bodies, for example flanges, pipe brackets, reinforcement hose, followed by an extruder, placed substantially above the tool, ejects the more material so that a tubular melt is formed and lowered down towards the tool and down into the passage in the tool and re through the passage and thus through those placed in the passage hollow bodies, and when a hollow body is placed line at the end of the passage, the tubular melt is lowered at least into it, after which the upper mold parts are brought together and thus the melt closes, then also the lower end of it the tubular melt is sealed and the melt is inflated by means of a fluid supplied to it by a supply seal tube, so that the melt is brought into contact with and connects to the walls of the passage and the holes placed in the passage shaped the bodies, and then the tube so made cooled sufficiently, the part is removed from the tool afterwards excess material is removed, and in the finished pipe the hollow-shaped bodies now form integral parts. The the tubular melt is thus lowered through the neck-shaped ones the bodies, and during inflation inflates tubes and hole-shaped body together either with a mechanical anchor or through fusion of the materials. This creates a stable attachment of the neck-shaped bodies. Since these slu- around the pipe, this is subjected to slight stresses from the neck-shaped body, for example a pipe bracket. Envelope- also means that the risk of leakage at the integrated detail is minimal.

The neck-shaped bodies can be inserted into the passage on several different ways. One possibility is to injection mold one or several bodies in place in the passage. This is done with the help of an injection molding nozzle that connects to the position there the body should lie, as well as inserted cores, which seal the ell inwards and axially. After the injection molded part 59 551 10 15 20 25 30 35 4 cooled enough, the kernels are pulled away, and the hole-shaped the detail is in place in the passage.

The molding tool may also have recesses through which appeared hollow bodies are introduced into the passage. The bodies can also be inserted axially into the passage. This can be natural for end flanges, but is also possible for example for certain tubular parts which can be inserted into the Gene. One such example is reinforcement hose. Too special pipes with a simple design, it may be possible to pull out the finished pipe out of the tool, which then does not have to be divisible. The mentioned insertion methods can then be used as in the case of divisible tools.

As a rule, a divisible tool is used, which has the advantage of the finished detail then the tool shared can be removed from the tool. The detail can then have one almost arbitrary shape with end flanges at both ends to example. When a divisible tool is used can also some or all of the hollow bodies are placed in one tool half and with different methods are locked in the tool half, so that the tool can be closed without problems. Nature- Of course, all insertion methods can be combined, so that each detail is entered in the appropriate manner. A few bodies can be placed in the open tool, which is then closed.

While others are inserted axially or through recesses and someone else is injection molded in place. It is also possible injection molding details that do not enclose peripheral passage. This is done in the same way as for them hollow bodies.

Furthermore, the method allows more complicated products created, which contain many tubes, where some or all connected by common hollow bodies. An example can be an intake manifold for a car engine. From a common as well as space, here a pipe must go to each cylinder.

The part is blow molded by the prefabricated joint the same space is placed in the tool which is then closed. The The prefabricated space section has a separate hole for each pipe. During blow molding, a tubular melt is first lowered 10 15 20 25 30 35 469 551 5 down into the first hole and its passage down into the space and blow molding takes place. Then the tool and the procedure are moved repeated for each of the tubes to enter the space ' met. Each separate pipe may have end flanges and similar units. as previously described. The tool can also so that pipes from other places can connect to the the same space. In special cases it may also be appropriate it is advisable to have an extruder with several nozzles, so that the hoist can be manufactured faster. Furthermore, it can sometimes be advantageous to move the extruder or extruder nozzle and not the tool.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING The invention will be described in more detail below. written by means of exemplary embodiments with reference to attached drawing, on which the same numerals in the different figures indicate corresponding parts. Form- The tool consists essentially of two halves, where parts such as has a direct equivalent in the two halves of one denoted by 'and in the other by "_ For example, denoted the respective contact surfaces, which are facing each other, with 5 'and 5 ".

Fig. 1 shows in perspective a divided mold tool, and above this an extruder in that tool part hole-shaped bodies are inserted.

Fig. 2 shows one from above and in section the tool part with the inserted hole-shaped bodies na. The cross-section is made through a channel system for air extraction.

Fig. 3 shows in perspective the tool closed and with a tubular melt on its way down through the tool.

Fig. 4 shows in perspective a moment when the hose made the melt passed through the passage of the tool, and closure of the melt takes place at the top of the tool. 10 15 20 25 30 35 6 Fig. 5 shows in perspective how the melt is thus unlocked that it connects to the passage of the tool, and that supply pipes used for inflation.

Fig. 6a shows a tube made with a preform procedure according to the invention.

Fig. 6b shows a detail enlargement of a section from the upper end of the tube of Fig. 6a.

DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS In Fig. 1, 4 'and 4 "denote two parts of the mold tool. goat 4. Of course there may be more parts in the tool, and normally there are parts that connect the tool down to and above. The two tool parts have one thing in common contact surface, where the respective surface is denoted by 5 'and 5 ". In these surfaces there are depressions 3 'and 3", so made that they interact with each other and together form gen 3 through the closed tool 4. The depressions 3 'and 3 "does not have to be depressions in its entire length the contact surface. Locally, one side can be flat or to and with protruding from the contact surface, provided that the other side has a corresponding depression. The essential is only that the depressions together form the passage through the tool and that the finished pipe releases so that it can be detached from both tool parts.

Several hole shapes have been placed in one tool half. made bodies. At each end there is an end flange 6, 7 and at the center there is a pipe bracket 8. At the center would also be one mounting flange similar to 6 and 7 could be placed. At the top the end there is also a reinforcement hose 9. It is used to reinforce the finished pipe against internal overpressure on a part of the pipe where this is flexible. As previously mentioned, they can the hole-shaped bodies are inserted into the passage 3 of the tool on several different ways, and also injection molded on site. In it shown example, each body is placed in one of the the fabric part. Usually all the bodies are placed in the same 10 15 20 25 30 35 469 551 7 fabric part. In order for the tool to be able to close without problems it is important that the bodies are well in place. Bodies- A na and the opposite tool part can be designed with entry phases to reduce the accuracy requirements for the posture of the bodies. Several of the bodies 6, 8, 7 are placed in local cavities in the tool part 4 '. These cavities are obscured by the bodies, but are denoted by 18 ', 19 'and 20'. Corresponding cavities in the second tool the part is denoted by 18 ", 19" and 20 ". Bodies 6, 7, 8 can be kept in place in their cavities in a variety of ways.

The cavity 19 'can be designed so that the body 8 is squeezed between axial approaches in the tool and thus held on place. In a cavity there may also be a resilient clamp that opens when the body is inserted and then closes around the body so that it is held in place. Furthermore, it can there are movable pins in the tool that are operated from the outside and inserted into appropriate cavities in the body so that this kept in place. Bodies 6, 7 and 9 can also be inserted into the tool in the axial direction, both when open and the end. The cavity 18 'may, for example, be provided with a protruding pin that cooperates with a flange hole in the body 6, so that the body is thus locked in position. Magnetic body pairs can be held in place by magnets in the tool.

The bodies can also be kept in place by suction, which is shown for the body 9. Fig. 2 shows how the suction connections 15, 16, 17, which are connected by a suction channel 14 with an external suction means, mouths where the body 9 is placed in tool part 4 '. The suction action thus keeps the body 9 in place. This reinforcement hose part can be difficult to hold in place with other methods. The hoses of the hose can be filled with a suitable plastic material that can be taken later away, so that a suitable suction resistance is obtained.

Alternatively, it is conceivable that the tool 4 from the beginning is closed, and that the body 8 is brought in transversely through a recess, or possibly injection molded in place.

The bodies 6, 7 and 9 can then be inserted axially. Reinforcement the hose 9 could then rest on an approach in the passage 469 55? 10 15 20 25 30 35 8 or held with suction. Bodies 6 and 7 can join pins in their flange holes are locked against rotation. They can with pin also locked axially if required. Magnetic bodies can be locked with magnets.

Fig. 3 shows how the tool is closed, so that the passage 3 formed. This passes through the hollow bodies 6, 9, 8 and 7. The extruder 10, which is located substantially above the tool, ejects polymer melt in tubular form which is lowered down through the tool. The lower end of the tubular melt tan 2 has been closed. This has happened before the melting hose 2 reached the tool. Closing can also only take place then the melting hose penetrated the entire tool passage and reached out on the other side. A closure before the melting hose reaches the tool can in many cases have several advantages. Partly can the lower end of the melting hose at the closure is formed on one favorable way, so that it passes more easily through the passage. The end can be given a more conical shape that climbs over obstacles in the hollow bodies for example. The spirit can too cooled at the closure so that it does not stick to the the fabric. The melting hose can also be blown through the closure up easily with a so-called support pressure. This prevents the sides of the hose stick together as the hose passes through the Gene. A similar effect can also be achieved in the other case, ie when the closure takes place only after the shaped the melt passed through the tool. Then air is blown or another fluid through the melting hose in the meantime as it is passed through the passage of the tool. Hereby can the walls of the hose are kept apart at the same time as a certain cooling of the surface layer on the inside takes place.

Fig. 3 shows how the tubular melt 2 is on its way down through passage 3 of the tool. The picture is simplified since a suction means is normally required at the lower end as the passage has such an awkward shape, ie many bends.

This suction means is thus connected in the lower part of the tool outside the flange 7 and creates an air flow from the top the tool down the passage along the walls of this. This air flow helps to carry the tubular melt 10 15 20 25 30 35 469 551 through the passage.

Fig. 4 shows a later stage in the process when it the tubular melt 2 penetrated the entire passage in the the fabric. Depending on the appearance of the lower hollow body 7 we can see several different cases. In the first case, we think us that the flange 7 is closed downwards. That means the end of the tubular melt is supported in part 7 and thus can be inflated. This, of course, provided that the part 7 is fixed axially in the tool or supported below from below. In another and more common case, details jen 7 a through hole through which the melting hose penetrates so that it exits the tool. In order to then be able to bring the blow molding required to the lower end of the melt hose partly closed and partly externally supported. This is done nor- ground with two tool halves pushed together around the melt the hose and its end. This is not shown in the figure because more possibilities are conceivable. But the tool halves those used at the top of the molding tool, namely genes 12 and 13. Normally, where the tubular is terminated the melt around a supply pipe ll, see Fig. 5. The supply the tube is used to blow air or correspondingly through the hose, as well as for the blow molding. In case where it is not necessary to blow air through the melting hose at the immersion, it can also be possible and appropriate not to have a supply pipe through extrudern. Then it may instead be more appropriate to introduce this pipe through the tool into the passage and through the melting the hose before the actual blow molding starts.

After the tubular melt has thus been closed air is supplied at both the upper and lower ends of the tool, or other fluid, through the supply pipe ll. The slang- shaped melt 2 is then inflated, i.e. blow molded, so that it fills the passage 3 and comes into contact with it walls and with the insides of the hollow bodies. This is shown in Fig. 5, which thus shows the tube in ready-blown state. 4-69 551 10 15 20 25 30 35 10 Then the tool opens, compare Fig. 1. This is done after the polymeric material in the tube has cooled sufficiently and thus obtaining sufficient rigidity and strength. Then excess material is removed at both ends. Normally as seen, no beard is formed along the pipe during tool division.

Fig. 6a shows the finished pipe seen from the side, where half the tube is shown externally and half in cross section. Of the picture typical methods for mechanically joining the holes formed bodies 6, 7 and 8 with the polymeric material in the tube. The inner surface of the bodies has varying diameters to thus providing extra grip. Mechanical compound has the largest significance if metal flanges or the like are used. Then flanges of polymeric material are used, a material composition melting take place, so that it is often unnecessary to use additional methods of mechanical compounding, for example wavy inside.

Pig. 6b shows a detailed enlargement of the reinforcement hose 9 and its connection to the polymer hose. the purpose with the reinforcement hose is to reinforce a weaker part of it finished pipe against, for example, internal pressure. Often it is a flexible part of the pipe that needs to be reinforced. A flexible pipe part in an otherwise rigid pipe can be provided on several way. If the tube consists of a single polymeric material, a - certain length of it is sprayed thinner.

When multilayer type pipes are used, with for example a rigid outer layer and a soft inner layer, a certain length of the pipe is made without outer layer. It is also possible in a pipe to change material on the road, so that the pipe first is stiff then soft then again stiff for example.

The extruder can thus be controlled in a variety of ways, and of course also as combinations of the mentioned. Therefore is it often interesting to have a local reinforcement, for example pelvis reinforcement hose 9. Fig. Gb shows an example there material change took place inside the reinforcement hose, which goes off the deviating line. Figures 1 and 2 show that the reinforcement hose can be sucked in place in one of the the fabric part. It can also be kept in place in the closed 10 15 20 25 30 35 469 551 ll the tool by means of suction, so that it is not carried the tubular melt down the passage.

Within the scope of the present invention, a variety of types of hollow bodies are produced. They can have a very complicated shape and do not have to be long. The embodiment shown is only a simple example. pel. By blow molding in several passages in the same tool several complicated interconnected bodies can be created.

Claims (16)

A method for manufacturing hollow bodies, for example pipes (1), in which a tubular polymer melt (2) is passed through a passage (3) in a mold (4), and then blow molded therein. characterized in that a number of hollow-shaped bodies are introduced into the passage (3), for example end flanges (6, 7), pipe brackets (8), reinforcement hose (9), after which an extruder (10), placed substantially above the the fabric, sprays polymeric material so that a tubular melt (2) is formed and lowered towards the tool (4) and down into the passage (3) in the tool (4) and further through the passage and thus through the hollow bodies placed in the passage (3) (6, 8, 9), and when a hollow body (7) is placed at the end of the passage (3), the tubular melt (2) is lowered at least into it, after which upper mold parts (12, then also the lower end of the tubular melt for - 13) is brought together and thus closes the melt (2), closed, the melt (2) is inflated by means of a fluid which t it is passed through a supply pipe (II), so that the melt is brought into contact with and connects to the walls of the passage (3) and the hollow bodies (6-9) placed in the passage, and after the pipe so manufactured is sufficiently cooled, the part is passed from the tool after which excess material is removed, and in the finished pipe the hollow-shaped bodies now form integral parts. Method according to Claim 1, characterized in that at least one of the hollow bodies (6-9) is inserted into the passage (3) by injection molding it in place in the passage (3) by means of a injection molding nozzle and inserted cores, which seal radially inwards and axially, and which are pulled away when the hollow body has cooled sufficiently. 10 15 20 25 30 35 469 551 13 Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a number of recesses are present in the form of the tool (4), through which at least one of the hollow-shaped bodies (6-9) is moved into place in the passage (3). , substantially transversely to this, and preferably when the tool (4) is closed. Method according to claim 1, 2 or 3 - characterized in that a divisible mold tool is used, which essentially comprises at least two tool parts (4 ', 4 ") and where the passage (3) is made in the parts (4', 4 ") in that at least one part has an open depression (3 ', 3") in the respective contact surfaces (5', 5 ") facing each other, and that the finished part is taken out of the tool by opening the tool and picking out the part . Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the end of the tubular melt (2) is closed before the end is lowered into the passage (3) in the tool (4). _ 6. A method according to claims 1-4, characterized in that the end of the tubular melt (2) is closed only after it has passed the entire passage (3) and come down below the tool (4). IN Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the mold (4) is initially open and that some of the hollow bodies (6-9) are placed in the recesses (3 ', 3 "), after which the mold closes. Method according to one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the mold (4) is initially open and that some of the hollow bodies, for example (8), are placed in depressions (3 ', 3 "), after which the mold closed and other of the hollow bodies (6, 7, 9) are axially inserted into the passage (3). Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that before placing the hollow-shaped bodies (6-9) an outer suction member is started as 469 551 10 15 20 25 30 35 14 with a number of suction lines (14-17), is connected to at least one tool part (4), so that at least one of the neck-shaped bodies (9) is sucked on and thus held in place in the recess (3 '). Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a fluid is supplied to the tubular melt (2) before it is immersed in the passage (3) in the tool (4) so that the walls of the tubular or stocking-shaped melt (2) kept taut and do not stick together. ll. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a suction means is connected to the lower opening of the passage (3) in the closed forming tool (4), the suction action of which gives rise to an air stream which leads the tubular or sock-shaped melt. (2) through the passage (3). Divisible mold tool (4) for the manufacture of hollow bodies (1) by blow molding a tubular polymer melt (2), characterized in that the recesses (3 ', 3 ") in the tool parts (4', 4") locally are provided with fixing means, for example suction lines (15-17) connected to an outer suction means, magnets for holding magnetic bodies or mechanical clamps or pins, so that hollow bodies, after each being placed in a recess (3 ', 3 "), is retained in this. A divisible forming tool (4) according to claim 12, characterized in that the recesses (3 ', 3 ") in the tool halves (4', 4") are made with axial joints. Divisible mold tool (4) according to claim 12 or 13, characterized in that in the depressions (3 ', 3 ") there are local cavities (18', 19 '. 20'; 18", 19 ", 20" ) for hollow bodies (6-9). A divisible mold tool (4) according to claim 14, characterized in that at least one of the local cavities present at the upper and 18 ", 20 ', parts of the tool, which axially cooperate with molded parts of the hollow body below (18'). , 20 ") are formed with the shape I) 10 15 20 25 30 35 469 551 15 when this is inserted in the axial direction into the respective local cavity, for example a protruding pin in the upper local depression can cooperate with a hole in the flange of the hollow body (6). Hollow body (1) made by blow molding a tubular polymer melt (2) in a closed but divisible mold tool (4) characterized in that the body is provided with a number of hollow bodies (6-9), each of which encloses the polymeric material. in the hollow body (1) so that the neck-shaped bodies form an integral part of the body by mechanical anchoring or by fusion of the materials.