SE432219B - SET FOR MANUFACTURING LENSES AND OPTICAL BODIES - Google Patents

Description

7904019-'2 CH CH see 3 \ cH-o-co-o-o-co-o-cn <CH CH3 known as I.P.P. The latter in fact allows the polymerization to be carried out at a lower temperature and for a shorter period of time, compared with benzoyl peroxide or other peroxides, which can also be used. In practice, the casting methods of a lens, made of CR-39 or its copolymers, involve introducing one or more catalyzed monomers, in the liquid state, or prepolymerized to a syrup-like state, between two glass lenses held together by a spring, and kept at a given distance from each other by means of a gasket with a T-cross section.

The packing spacer may be shaped in accordance with the curvature of both lenses to ensure tightness and separation, or for the same purpose it may be elastically deformed.

The catalyzed monomer, which is added in the liquid state to the molds thus formed, solidifies at the end of a thermal or irradiation cycle, giving a strong three-dimensional shrinkage (14% in the case of the CR-39 homopolymer).

Thus, a further function of the spring is to continuously compress the spacer of the lenses forming the mold until the liquid reaches the intermediate gel state, in order to avoid leakage of liquid monomer from the mold. On the other hand, after the gel phase has been reached, the pressure of the spring should affect the thermoplastic or elastic spacer to facilitate adhesion between mold and polymer. Such an effect can be regarded as a squeezing of the spacer or an expansion of the gasket.

The mold / polymer adhesion is required to avoid any breakage of the polymer or mold, due to the strong stresses which occur when the polymer shrinks, and to avoid, at least on the useful surface of the polymer, air infiltration, which by preventing the polymerization would cause irreparable damage to the product. The lenses thus obtained, which are made of CR-39, or its copolymers, may have erroneous peripheral areas due to air bubbles. Air leakage, even after the gel phase has ended, can cause air bubbles and voids, or the formation of a peripherally soft polymeric band, or a possible chemical reactivity between the packing material and the catalyzed monomer. A common feature of all processes, however, is a considerable reduction in the diameter of a lens made of CR-39 and its copolymers with respect to the diameter of the lenses which form the mold. This is due to the following reasons: (A) The internal mold cavity is reduced by the space occupied by the sealing gasket, which acts as a spacer.

(B) The three-dimensional shrinkage of the polymer also includes the peripheral edge area, thus further reducing the diameter of the product, especially in the case of negative or diverging lenses.

(C) Any peripheral defects (air bubbles, air suction and a soft polymer edge area) also reduce the usable diameter due to the affected depth.

These defects generally occur in the peripheral edge area, as hitherto it is generally preferred to place the molds with the concave side upwards. Placing the molds with the convex side up, however, would cause the same defects at the center of the polymeric lenses, which would render them unusable. Concavity and convexity refer to the outside of the molds.

After the sealing gasket has been removed, opening of the mold is effected by inserting a wedge into the gap previously occupied by the spacer, and this is used as a lever between the two glass lenses, which normally adhere to the polymer.

The polymeric lens thus removed is finished, with respect to the surfaces, but is subjected to strong stresses due to the shrinkage. To achieve its structural relaxation, the lens must then be subjected to a heat treatment.

This treatment, or thermal relaxation, is currently applied to all molded plastic materials, glass and metals. The duration of the treatment to obtain the desired effect '? 90l + 019 ~ 2 depends on the temperature, is related to the state of the stress present in the product and the degree of polymerization of the polymer- The above thus describes a preliminary information on the prior art. related to the polymerization process. It is a summary of experimental experiments, performed by the inventor, and documents derived from patents. The latter include U.S. Patents 2,403,112, 2,464,062, 3,171,869, 3,038,210, 2,964,501, French Patents 2,171,073, 1,541,889, 1,204,627 and 1,462,519 and German Patents 1,062,003. and English Patent 1,402,573.

The present invention thus takes into account the manifold disadvantages of a technical and / or economic nature which arise in the manufacture of lenses or optical means made of CR-39 and its copolymers. Thus, the present invention seeks to solve the problem of making lenses or optical means, made of CR-39 and its copolymers, in a completely new way, with reference to the basic chemical preparation of the components, the method and means of polymerization, the form of the articles , which can be obtained without any reduction, the possible homogenization of the polymerization cycles for all given thicknesses and obtaining a polymer which can be predicted to have special adsorption and transmission requirements for the electromagnetic energy.

The object set according to the invention is achieved by a method of producing lenses and optical means with the features which appear from the claims. In the present invention, it is intended that it be apparent that the claims cover all monomers, copolymers thereof, catalysts or initiators which are possible to use when the same methods and devices are used to "read the same" problem "or to achieve -same purposes, and when the same result is obtained, even if these apply only in part.

The monomer, ie the diethylene glycol bis-allyl carbonate, or CR-59, is found on the market with a high-purity quality, ie ce 99.150%. Gas chromatographic analysis shows the presence of allyl carbonate and a non-well-identified substance (Fig. 1).

During the column separation, which is carried out in the a.m. analysis, it was determined that the impurities are more volatile, ie have shorter retention times than the monomer. An experimental series was then carried out to eliminate the impurities and the following results were obtained: the allyl carbonate is eliminated when the monomer is subjected to a heating at a temperature of 50-90 ° C, this elimination is possibly due to a partial poly- merisation of the allyl carbonate which can be analytically determined by observing the region relating to the α, m- unidentified product, and the latter can, as a result, be considered as a polymer of the allyl carbonate.

The above was confirmed during the heating of the monomer, which was intentionally carried out for a longer period of time, at a temperature of 90 ° C, in static containers. As the elimination of the allyl carbonate partially undertryoctene, due to the static state of the containers, the analysis of the monomer revealed a considerable increase in the polymer caused by the allyl carbonate. After establishing these facts, a monomer purification system was set up, as set forth in the following examples. §Ë2E2§l-É The monomer CR-39 was gradually heated at temperatures in the range -0 ° C and the partial elimination of the allyl carbonate obtained at all ambient temperatures was obviously related to the conditions between time , temperature and treated quantity.

In practice, at a lower temperature thus required a longer duration of the process, while higher temperature _ | '790lHIH9-2 rer corresponded to a shorter duration of treatment. Thus, for example: amount of treated monomer CR-59: 1 liter, average thermal value: 70 ° G for 4 hours + the heating time and the time for gradual cooling to room temperature ,. monomer content, before treatment: 99,158 (Fig. 1), monomer content after treatment: 99,484 (Fig. 2). §§2a22l-ê By gradually heating the monomer CR-39 at temperatures in the range 50 - 900 C with active stirring to homogenize the liquid and accelerate the elimination of allyl carbonate, the latter was partially eliminated in accordance with the time-temperature-treated quantity ratio (as in Example 1). Thus obtained, for example: amount of treated menomer CR-59: 1 liter, average thermal value: 70 ° C for 4 hours + heating time and time for gradual cooling to room temperature, monomer content before treatment 99,158 (Fig. 1 ), menomer shark fi after treatment: 99,715 (rig: 5).

Ez2a2s; -â By heating the monomer GR-59, in accordance with the conditions described in Example 1, but carrying out the treatment under vacuum, the following was obtained: amount of monomer CR-59 treated: 1 liter, average thermal value: 70 ° 0 for 4 hours + heating time and the time for gradual cooling to room temperature, monemernaite before treatment: 99,158 (rig. 1), monomer content after treatment: 99,686 “(fig. 4).

By heating the monomer GR-59 in accordance with the conditions described in Example 2, but by carrying out the treatment under vacuum, the following was obtained: amount of monomer treated CR-§9: 1 liter, average thermal value: 70 ° C for 4 hours + heating time and time for gradual cooling to room temperature, monomer content before treatment: 99,158 (Fig. 1), monomer content after treatment: 100% (rig. 5). §Ë2 @ 22l_â By heating the monomer in accordance with the conditions described in Examples 1, 2, 5 and 4, total dehydration of the monomer was also obtained. Spectrophotometric analysis in the visible range 400 - 700 nm, gives for the thus purified monomer CR-39 excellent linearity and transmission.

The initiator used, as a generally accepted rule, isopropyl dicarbenate peroxide, known under the trade name IPP, as an additive to nonomer CR-59, in a percentage of 5%. This percentage has been used in all processes. , even if a higher or a lower percentage can be applied for special purposes. Although I.P.P. in commercial quality can be considered pure, it is an industrial product that is difficult to synthesize and handle, ooh thus in practice contains traces of water and free chloride ions.

This can be observed by infrared spectroscopic analysis Cfig. 6). To initiate a series of experiments with the aim of determining the effect of the chloride ions on the polymerization, within the scope of the present invention, the isopropyl dicarbonate peroxide was synthesized by reaction between sodium peroxide and isopropyl chloroformate (previously purified up to 99.99%). The product obtained was used after 1, 2, §, 4, 5 water leachates. Each leaching gave a considerable reduction of the chloride ions by polymerizing the monomer CR-39 with the addition of 5% isopropyl dicarbonate peroxide (obtained by the repeated am-leaching) according to a gradual thermal cycle of 15 hours. , from + 40 ° to + 11 ° C, was obtained: ~ 7904019-2 after only 1 leaching: ¶a clear yellow polymer, after 2 leachings: one yellow polymer, after 5 leachings: one light yellow polymer, after 4 leaches: one straw yellow polymer, after 5 leachings: a colorless polymer.

It could thus be established that the yellowing of the polymer is due to a higher content of chloride ions. On the other hand, when leaching with water was carried out of the isopropyl dicarbonate peroxide, a lighter fraction of the same product could separate, which was partially decomposed due to oxygen removal.

To obtain an iopropyl dicarbenate peroxide having the highest degree of purity and free of chloride ions and degraded fractions with reduced oxygen content, the following procedure was followed.

E§ea2el_§ In a "bain-marie", cool to + 9 ° c, melt 1oo g kem- mersieil I.P.P. with a melting point of + s ° -o. H 2 O, cooled to + 9 ° C, was added, in which a few drops of pyridine were dissolved. After stirring and roofing, the phases were separated.

Then the isopropyl dicarbonate peroxide was washed twice with water and separated: carefully, together with the water, the lighter fraction of the isopropyl dicarbonate peroxide corresponding to the partially decomposed product or the product with reduced ear content. At this point, a purified I.P.P. obtained (Fig. 7). I.P.P., purified according to the method described above (Example 6), again frozen and afterwards brought to melting, a melting point of + 9 ° C could be observed C in place of + s ° c as for the starting material). 1-neaeaLê Two test samples were prepared with the same CR-59 monomer, and catalyzed under the same polymerization conditions, with the addition of 5% of 790¿f019 ~ 2 commercial I.P.P., and I.P.P. purified according to the method described in Example 6 above, whereby: amanda differences were obtained, via 53s ° c, .more 4 hours of gradually induced heating from 40 °: in the tea sample, which was added with commercial IPP, the monomer was present in the polymer in a percentage of 52%, and in the test sample performed with IPP, which was purified according to the method described, the monomer was present in the polymer in a percentage of 34%.

In other words, the use of purified I.P.P. (compared to commercial I.P.P.) a higher catalytic activity, whereby it is possible to obtain a given polymer value with: reduced percentage of the initiator, shorter reaction times, and lower temperatures.

Furthermore, the tea sample obtained from rened I.P.P. was perfectly colorless. With regard to the addition to the monomers of tiller part, which absorb UV radiation, protection of the polymers can be obtained from the degradation of tubular smoke by this radiation.

Since UV absorbers are not easily viable, the following disadvantages can be observed in the polymer according to the quality and quantity of the absorbent used: optical distortion (diffraction and dispersion), due to unsatisfactory distribution of the absorbents within the number, yellow, green-yellow, orange-yellow color of the product, tranamisation interferene in the visible electromagnetic field. With reference to the present invention veldee as aborbent 2- (2-hydrezi-5-methyl-tenyl) -beneotriasol. In order to determine the optimum quantity of this UV eb eorptiømmeeei, een eken added # 111 »omm-en cn-ø9, - J 79ßëG19-2 10 with respect to the disturbances which may cause: in the polymer pure by this addition with With respect to the transmission of visible light and the dissolution methods, the following experiments were performed: Ezeea slurry A highly satisfactory dissolution and distribution of 2- (2-hydrexy-5-methyl-tenyl) -benzotriasel was obtained with a percentage of 0.0l25% in the purified monomer GR-59 (or catalyzed by IPP;) by introducing into the container ultrasonic frequencies in the range of 20 - 70 kHz. The selected percentage 0.0l25% of 2- (2-hydroxy-5-methyl-Ienyl) - Benzotriasol in the polymer CR-39 on test samples of thickness 4 mn resulted in good UV absorption and an almost linear transmission in the visible range (Fig. 8).

Eš2E22š-è9 Hot use of ultrasound obtained perfect dissolution and distribution of 2- (α-hydroxy-5-methyl-tenyl) -benzotriazole in monomer GR-59, both in pure form or catalyzed with IPP, in the selected prooent content 0.010% . The latter percentage of the additive generated in the polymer spectra, which is close to that described in Example 9, for test samples with a thickness of 6 mm. ëëeeesl fl al.

Using ultrasound, it was possible to obtain perfect resolution and distribution of 2- (2-hydroxy-5-methyl-phenyl) -benzotriazel in the nonomer CR-59, both in pure form or electrolyzed with IPP, in the selected percentage O, Q15O%.

The spectra thus generated in the pelyner were close to those described in Example 9 for test specimens with a thickness of 2 mm. Using this solution, it was possible to obtain perfect resolution and distribution of a very high percentage of 2- (2-hydroxy-5-methyl-phenyl) -benzotriazole with respect to what is described in Examples 9, 10 and 11. above, both in the form of pure monemers or catalyzed with IPP or benzoyl per- -... _ | v9o4o19-2 ll oxide. It was thus possible to obtain the preparation of easily tested concentrates, which were later diluted to the desired percentage, in large amounts of pure or catalyzed monomer. With respect to catalysis, under mechanical stirring: CR-39 monomer, purified and dehydrated as shown in Examples 1, 2, 5 and 4 above, was mixed with 3% IPP, purified as in Example 6 above, ooh 0, 1225% of 2- (2-hydroxy-5-methyl-phenyl) -benaotriazole, as in Examples 9 and 12 above, after which the whole was filtered under reduced pressure. By ultrasonic induction, the following were mixed: GR-59 monomer, purified and dehydrated as given in Example 1; 2, 5 and # above, with - 3% IPP, purified as in Example 6 above, and 0,025% - e2- (Z-hydroxy-S-methyl-phenyl) -benzotriazole as in Examples 9 and 12 above, whereupon the whole was filtered: under pressure reduction. The crystalline monomer, CR catalyzed and with the addition of the additive as set forth in Examples 15 and 1 above, and subjected to a thermal polymerization cycle, obtained practically colorless transparent polymers. The latter showed, in comparison with polymers obtained by a currently used preparation, a faster and more even polymerization cycle, with reference to the reactive saturation within a time X, for thermal cycles Y and thickness Z. Furthermore, these polymers have excellent physicochemical properties, as observed by thermal differential calorimetric analysis, and chemical inertness tests.

It can be observed that the methods described in the above examples are an improvement or a variant of the techniques already used, while the proportions of the components correspond to values, which can be modified even if one follows same methods.

In describing the invention in detail, the object is thus to achieve conformity with the claims, the combination of the various techniques, the proportions and / or the proportion of individual components.

The principle of continuous uniformity in the shrinkage of CR-59 polymer and its copolymers generally describes the need to introduce devices of an empirical nature in order to eliminate all possible disadvantages. In general, the polymerization has been carried out with variable thermal cycles, in accordance with the thickness of the polymer. Other devices relate to the method of assembling the molds and / or intermediate measures. As a rule, the duration of the thermal fractures, even to extreme values, was extended with the increase of the thickness of the polymer. The molds filled with catalyzed monomer were kept at a low temperature (about + 40 ° C) for a long period of time to reduce the reaction rate and to reduce them as much as possible. negative effects of the shrinkage of the polymers.

Within the scope of the present invention, a satisfactory solution to the problem was found to be the use of a continuous mold equalization, where the catalyzed monomer has the possibility to fill the voids formed during the polymerization, due to the shrinkage of the polymer. This is possible when the CR-59 monomer and its copolymers with the addition of peroxide or percarbonate as catalyst polymerize only partially and in any case very slowly in the presence of air, and remain in a liquid state for a long period of time.

Molds for casting optical lenses were mounted as follows. vsøhoae-2 13 E§s§22l-l§ Two or more glass lenses were inserted and slid down inside a tubular strip of polyethylene (or any other material which does not react with the catalyzed monomer). The diameter of the tube was kept within such dimensions that sliding elasticity or friction was formed and so that the lenses could be placed at the desired distance from each other. Thus, one or more cavities were formed by the curvature of the lenses (Fig. 9, where 1 = tubular band, 2 - lenses, 3 = cavities). §Ë9E22l_lZ Two or more glass lenses were inserted and caused to slide down inside a tubular band, as in Example 16 above, of such a diameter that sliding elasticity or friction arises. A pre-emitting member of a desired length and a minimum thickness had been inserted or produced in the tubular band in advance to interrupt the sliding of the lenses. (Fig. 10, where l = tubular band, 2 - lenses, 5 = cavity, 4 - spacers). Two or more glass lenses were caused to slide down a tubular strip, as in Example 16 above, where the tube: diameter is approximately the same as for the lenses. An organ of inhalation had been inserted or cast in advance into the tube, as in Example 1 above, the worms prepared according to Examples 16, 17 and 18 above were charged with CR-39 monomer, catalyzed in accordance with Examples 13 and 1 above, and placed with their The catalyzed monomer was added to the peripheral channel formed partly by the surface of the higher lens and partly by the inner wall of the tube (Fig. 11 and Fig. 12, where 1 tube, 2 = lenses, catalyzed monomer). '' ”Wßie fl iä-Z 14 §ë2E2§š-É9 The molds prepared according to Examples 16, 17 and 18 above were filled with CR-59 monomer, catalyzed in accordance with Examples 13 and 14 above, and was placed with its concave side up, catalyzed monomer was added to the inner cavity of the higher bellows. devote the lens up until it reaches the inner wall of the tube. (Figs. 13 and 14, where 1 = tubes, 2 = lenses, 5 - catalyzed monomer). The forms prepared according to Examples 16, 17 and 18 above were filled with CR-59 monomer, catalyzed according to Examples 15 and 14 above, and placed horizontally, according to Examples 19 and 20 above. . The tubular strips were provided with, or designed as, a container in communication with the inner cavity of the molds. The container was also filled with catalyzed monomer. The container had been produced by total or partial covering of the periphery of the pipe on the inside and / or outside. (Figs. 15 and 16, where 1 - tube, 2 = lenses, 5: catalyzed monomer, 6 = container). '§§Ea2el.êê They in accordance with examples 16, l? and the 18 forms prepared above were filled with CR-59 monomer, catalyzed in accordance with Examples 15 and 14 above, and placed vertically. The outer tubular bands were provided with, or designed as, a container in connection with the inner cavity of the molds. This container was also filled with catalyzed monomer. (Fig. 17, where 1 - tubular band, 2 - lenses, 5 = catalyzed monomer, -6 = container). '' ê§ea2el.êâ All shapes, made and placed in accordance with the above examples, and the cavities of which corresponded to the shape of each type of lens (vertical, convergent, divergent, cylindrical, lenticular, bifocal, prismatic, etc.) was subjected in an oven to the same thermal cycle of 15 hours (Fig. 18) The vertical rate included in the cycle shows, as explained further, the moment when the springs are applied to the mold, i.e. when The gel polymer phase of the monomer is complete.The perfectly polymerized lenses thus obtained showed finished surfaces and various vomits and thicknesses.Their diameter was practically equal to the diameter of the glass lenses forming the single or multiple shapes (with a very low reduction, averaging 0.7%).

It was thus experimentally determined how the continuous smoothing had worked as described in the examples above, with the establishment of a continuous flow of polymerizable monomer from the outside to the inside of the molds, with compensation of shrinkage, prevention of suction and / or generation of air bubbles, which would have caused separation of the polymer from the mold.

The flow from the outside to the inside was made possible by means of preformed passages or by capillary force. The polymers thus obtained showed an extremely good homogeneity.

The use of self-adjusting springs is described below. Many CR-59 lenses available on the market, when examined with polarized light, exhibit voltages that cannot be removed, even when the polymers are subjected to heat treatment. In the context of the present invention, attempts have been made to apply a pressure to the lenses which form the mold after the polymer has reached the gel phase. It was then determined that a spring should be introduced, which has the possibility of exerting pressure on any kind of curved or flat surface, and to adjust itself by homogeneous contact on the entire bearing surface, in order to avoid localized high pressure, which can cause breakage. on the molds or polymers, or unacceptable pressures on the polymers themselves.

Eëessskêi Springs were manufactured which can easily press on the molds by means of compression of levers 7, 8, which results in elastic opening of pressing devices 9, 10. The latter, which consist of small washers 11, 12, in meniscus shape, can pivot in all directions around pins 13, 14. These springs can 79Gl + Û19-2 16 adapt to all kinds of forming devices, which comprise curved or different flat surfaces, and by means of pivoting of the small plates a perfect adhesion is achieved, which has the possibility to exercise an even pressure, which is very useful for the production of regular polymers (Figs. 19 and 20). §Ë2 @ 2§l_§ä Springs were used as in example 24 above, but only provided with a small washer (fig. 21).

Regarding the opening of the molds, it is true that the lens, made of CR-59 and its semipolymers, is strongly adhered to the mold, so that the separation therefrom constitutes a problem which is difficult to solve, especially within the scope of the present invention. In fact, since the diameter of the polymer obtained is practically equal to the diameter of the molds, it is impossible to achieve mechanical separation by means of a wedge or similar tool. Within the scope of the present invention, it was found that ultrasound in the range of 20-70 kHz, induced in a container filled with water, in which the molds had been immersed, after their contents were polymerized, effected separation of the polymers from the molds.

In order to separate the polymer from the glass lenses which form the molds, the latter were immersed in hot water baths, whereupon ultrasonic frequencies in the range of 20-70 kHz were induced.

In all cases, the polymer separated from the molds after a few minutes. The duration of the treatment depended on the bath temperature, and was thus shorter for a higher temperature and vice versa.

In order to simultaneously perform the separation of the polymer obtained from the glass lenses which form the molds, and to carry out the washing of the latter, the molds are immersed in hot baths of aqueous solutions of some kind of detergent (eg, detergent, detergent, degreaser, emulsifier). or pre-soap, solvent, acidic or alkaline substance).

In all cases, within a few minutes of induction of ultrasonic frequencies in the bath in the range of 20-70 kHz, the polymer separated from the molds and the relationship of the duration of the treatment / bath temperature was the same as in Example 26.

From the foregoing, it will be apparent that the described method and / or objects of the present invention, which permit the manufacture of quality lenses or other optical means made of CR-59 and its copolymers, may be directly or indirectly related to the entire field of application of cast homopolymers and copolymers. with respect to the casting of various kinds of products and the applicability or selection of any polymerizable resin. It is also apparent that the examples, although relating to specific modifications of the present invention, may not be construed as limiting the same. It should be emphasized that the method as a whole achieves in a synergistic manner the benefits which can be obtained by any described treatment or means, with respect to their individual functions.

Claims (11)

iwo fl lsw-z _ ,, Patent claim Methods of producing lenses and optical means, made of thermosetting resin material, by casting and continuous compensation, characterized in that a tubular sleeve is formed of a plastic material which is substantially undeformable, chemically inert to the monomer and thermally stable at the temperature of polymerization, mold halves are placed inside the sleeve at the desired distance from each other, so that with the longitudinal wall of the sleeve they define a cavity, with a diameter equal to the diameter of the mold halves, the placement of each mold half with respect to the sleeve is maintained only by the friction between the edge of the mold halves against the wall of the sleeve, outside the cavity a compensation container is formed, which communicates with the cavity through at least one preformed passage, is introduced into the cavity, through the preformed passage and the compensation container is partially filled, the mold is subjected to h immature heating, which results in the passage of excess monomer from the cavity of the mold to the compensation container, during the stage of expansion of the monomer, and a passage in the opposite direction during the subsequent stage of shrinkage of the monomer, until the gel stage is reached, the heating of the mold is continued until the polymerization of the monomer is completed, the final shrinkage of the latter, from the beginning of the gel stage, being compensated only by the mold halves approaching each other, and the two mold halves being removed from the lens thus obtained when the polymerization of the monomer has completed. 2. A process according to claim 1, characterized in that diethylene-glycol-bis-allyl carbonate (SR-39) is used as monomer. 7964619-2 f¶__Hi 3. A process according to claim 1, characterized in that diethylene glycol bis-allyl carbonate is used and its copolymers. 4. A process according to claim 1: 3, characterized in that diethylene-glycol-bis-allyl carbonate, catalyzed with isopropyl dicarbonate peroxide, is used as the monomer. - Process according to Claim 1-H, characterized in that diethylene glycol bis-allyl carbonate, catalyzed by isopropyl dicarbonate peroxide, is used as monomer, to which 2- (2-hydroxy-5-methyl-phenyl) - benzotriazole added as a UV absorbing additive. 6. A method according to claims 1-5, characterized in that the catalyzed monomer, with possible additives, is subjected to a thermal cycle of 15 hours with a gradual heat increase from + ho ° c to 110 ° C. 7. A method according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that the compensation container is obtained by modifying a part of the tubular sleeve. 8. A method according to claims 1-6, characterized in that the compensation container is placed close to the outside of the tubular sleeve, in a position corresponding to the cavity delimited by the two mold halves. 9. A method according to claims 1-6, characterized in that the compensation container is obtained inside the tubular sleeve, above the upper mold half. 10. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the removal of the lens from the mold halves is obtained by means of immersion in a hot water bath, exposed to ultrasonic frequencies comprising 20-TOKHZ. 11. A method according to claims 1 and 10, characterized in that the water bath is a solution of a detergent.