SE430353B - INJECTION VALVE FOR Piston Combustion Engines - Google Patents
INJECTION VALVE FOR Piston Combustion EnginesInfo
- Publication number
- SE430353B SE430353B SE7809201A SE7809201A SE430353B SE 430353 B SE430353 B SE 430353B SE 7809201 A SE7809201 A SE 7809201A SE 7809201 A SE7809201 A SE 7809201A SE 430353 B SE430353 B SE 430353B
- Authority
- SE
- Sweden
- Prior art keywords
- valve
- fuel
- nozzle channels
- sleeve
- rows
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
- F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
- F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
- F02M61/1806—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for characterised by the arrangement of discharge orifices, e.g. orientation or size
- F02M61/182—Discharge orifices being situated in different transversal planes with respect to valve member direction of movement
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M45/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having a cyclic delivery of specific time/pressure or time/quantity relationship
- F02M45/02—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having a cyclic delivery of specific time/pressure or time/quantity relationship with each cyclic delivery being separated into two or more parts
- F02M45/04—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having a cyclic delivery of specific time/pressure or time/quantity relationship with each cyclic delivery being separated into two or more parts with a small initial part, e.g. initial part for partial load and initial and main part for full load
- F02M45/08—Injectors peculiar thereto
- F02M45/086—Having more than one injection-valve controlling discharge orifices
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
- F02M61/04—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00 having valves, e.g. having a plurality of valves in series
- F02M61/10—Other injectors with elongated valve bodies, i.e. of needle-valve type
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
- F02M2200/44—Valves, e.g. injectors, with valve bodies arranged side-by-side
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
- F02M2200/46—Valves, e.g. injectors, with concentric valve bodies
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
Description
2 Ändamålet med föreliggande uppfinning är att åstad- .komma en insprutningsventil av det inledningsvis angivna slaget som gör det möjligt att köra motorn med lika god bränslestrål- bildning såväl vid full belastning som även vid delbelastning. 5 Detta uppnås enligt uppfinningen genom att raderna av munstyckskanaler vid alla belastningar av motorn vid bränsle- sidan är anordnade skilda från varandra i ventilkroppen och att bränsletillförseln till varje rad är reglerbar via en egen ventil- nål, såsom närmare anges i kravet 1. 10 7 Genom denna utformning blir det möjligt att vid full belastning köra med en munstycksrad och vid delbelastning med en annan munstycksrad,varvid munstyckskanalerna i varje rad är dimensionerade för den mot den avsedda belastningen svarande bränslemängden. Därmed erhålles en god bränslestrålbildning med 15 god förbränning icke endast vid full belastning, utan även vid delbelastning. The object of the present invention is to provide an injection valve of the type indicated in the introduction which makes it possible to run the engine with equally good fuel jet formation both at full load and also at partial load. This is achieved according to the invention in that the rows of nozzle channels at all loads of the engine at the fuel side are arranged separately from each other in the valve body and that the fuel supply to each row is adjustable via a separate valve needle, as further specified in claim 1. This design makes it possible to drive at full load with one nozzle row and at partial load with another nozzle row, the nozzle channels in each row being dimensioned for the amount of fuel corresponding to the intended load. Thus a good fuel jet formation is obtained with good combustion not only at full load, but also at partial load.
Uppfinningen beskrivs närmare i samband med en på ritningarna åskådliggjord utföringsform.The invention is described in more detail in connection with an embodiment illustrated in the drawings.
Pig. 1a och 1b visar ett axiellt snitt genom en in- 20 sprutningsventil enligt uppfinningen.Pig. 1a and 1b show an axial section through an injection valve according to the invention.
Enligt fig. ia och lb är insprutningsventilen försedd med en ventilkropp 1, som består av en övre del 2.00h en undre del 3, vilka sammanhålls medelst en överfallsmutter 4.According to Figs. Ia and 1b, the injection valve is provided with a valve body 1, which consists of an upper part 2.00h and a lower part 3, which are held together by means of a union nut 4.
Ventilkroppen 1 vilar med en vid sin övre ände anordnad fläns 5 25 mot det icke närmare åskådliggjorda cylinderhuvudet, som i riktning uppåt sluter förbränningsrummet 7 i kolvförbrännings- motorns cylinder. Ventilkroppen 1 sträcker sig genom cylinderhuvudet och når med delens 3 nedre ände in i förbränningsrummet 7. I delens 3 undre ände är två rader munstyckskanaler 8 och 9 anordnade den 30 ena över den andra. De i varje rad befintliga munstyckskanalernas centrumaxlar ligger på en konmantel, varvid de båda konernas kon- vinklar avviker något från varandra.The valve body 1 rests with a flange 5 arranged at its upper end against the cylinder head, not further illustrated, which in the upward direction closes the combustion chamber 7 in the cylinder of the piston internal combustion engine. The valve body 1 extends through the cylinder head and reaches with the lower end of the part 3 into the combustion chamber 7. At the lower end of the part 3, two rows of nozzle channels 8 and 9 are arranged one above the other. The central axes of the nozzle channels in each row lie on a cone mantle, the cone angles of the two cones deviating slightly from each other.
De båda raderna av munstyckskanaler 8 och 9 är på bränslesidan skilda från varandra, i det att det mellan de båda 35 raderna i delen 3 är anordnad en konisk tätningsyta 10, mot vilken vilar en cylindrisk hylsa 11, som vid undre änden har en mot tätningsytan 10 svarande konisk yta och pressas mot tätnings- 10 15 20 25 Q) ' 31 3 ytan 10 av en fjäder (fig. lb). Fjäderns 12 tryckkraft över- föres genom en fjädertallrik 13 och ännu en hylsa lfl till hylsan 11. Fjädern 12 är så dimensionerad, att det under insprutnings- ventilens drift icke inträffar någon lyftning av hylsan 11 från tätningsytan 10.The two rows of nozzle channels 8 and 9 are separated from each other on the fuel side, in that a conical sealing surface 10 is arranged between the two rows in the part 3, against which rests a cylindrical sleeve 11, which at the lower end has one towards the sealing surface 10 conical surface and pressed against the sealing surface 10 of a spring (Fig. 1b). The compressive force of the spring 12 is transmitted through a spring plate 13 and another sleeve 1 to the sleeve 11. The spring 12 is dimensioned such that during the operation of the injection valve no lifting of the sleeve 11 from the sealing surface 10 occurs.
Jämte den med tätningsytan 10 samverkande yttre kon- ytan är hylsan 11 invändigt försedd med en konisk ventilsätes- yta 15, som samverkar med en i motsvarighet därtill utformad ventilsätesyta på en ventilnål 16, som är förskjutbart anordnad i hylsan 11. Ventilnålens 16 nedre avsnitt 17 har reducerad dia- meter, så att det mellan hylsan 11 och avsnittet 17 bildas ett ringrum 18. Den undre raden av munstyckskanaler 9 samverkar alltså 16 lb), 21. beträffande bränsletillförseln med ventilnälen 16. Ventilnålen pressas mot ventilsätesytan 15 medelst en tryckfjäder 20 (fig. som verkar mot ventilnàlens 16 övre ände över en fjädertallrik Bränsletillförseln till den övre raden av munstycks- kanaler 8 påverkas av en andra ventilnål 22, som är ihålig och förskjutbart anordnad på den de båda munstyckskanalraderna skilj- ande hylsan 11. Den övre raden av munstyckskanaler 8 är i delen 3 tillordnad en konisk ventilsätesyta 25, som samverkar med en i motsvarighet därtill utformad sätesyta på den undre änden av ventilnålen 22. Den ihåliga ventilnålen 22 pressas av en tryck- fjäder 26 mot sätesytan 25. Fjädern 26 verkar genom en fjäder- tallrik 27 och en hylsa 28 mot den ihåliga ventilnålens 22 övre ände. Fjäderns andra, övre ände anligger mot en fjädertallrik 28, som över en distanshylsa 30 och en ihålig skruv 31, vilken är inskruvad i flänsen 5, är fixerad i ventilkroppen 1. Den ihåliga skruven 31 omsluter de övre ändarna av de koncentriskt med varandra anordnade tryckfjädrarna 12 och 20, som anligger mot en andra i skruven 31 inskruvad, ihålig skruv 32. En i skruven 32 inskruvad skruv 33 bildar med sin undre ände en centrering för den inre tryckfjädern 20, medan för centrering ærtryckfjädern 12 den ihåliga skruven 32 är försedd med ett nedsvarvat parti 32'.In addition to the outer surface surface cooperating with the sealing surface 10, the sleeve 11 is internally provided with a conical valve seat surface 15, which cooperates with a correspondingly shaped valve seat surface on a valve needle 16, which is slidably arranged in the lower section 17 of the valve needle 16. has a reduced diameter, so that an annulus 18 is formed between the sleeve 11 and the section 17. The lower row of nozzle channels 9 thus cooperates with 16 lb), 21. regarding the fuel supply with the valve needle 16. The valve needle is pressed against the valve seat surface 15 by means of a compression spring 20 ( Fig. which acts against the upper end of the valve needle 16 over a spring plate The fuel supply to the upper row of nozzle channels 8 is actuated by a second valve needle 22, which is hollow and slidably arranged on the sleeve 11 separating the two nozzle channel rows. nozzle channels 8 are assigned in the part 3 a conical valve seat surface 25, which cooperates with a correspondingly shaped seat surface on the lower the end of the valve needle 22. The hollow valve needle 22 is pressed by a compression spring 26 against the seat surface 25. The spring 26 acts through a spring plate 27 and a sleeve 28 against the upper end of the hollow valve needle 22. The second, upper end of the spring abuts against a spring plate 28, which over a spacer sleeve 30 and a hollow screw 31, which is screwed into the flange 5, is fixed in the valve body 1. The hollow screw 31 encloses the upper ends of the concentrically arranged compression springs 12 and 20, which abut against a second, hollow screw 32 screwed into the screw 31. A screw 33 screwed into the screw 32 forms with its lower end a centering for the inner compression spring 20, while for centering the pneumatic spring 12 the hollow screw 32 is provided with a turned-down portion 32 '.
För bränsletillförsel till de båda munstyckskanalerna 8 och 9 är bränsletillförselkanaler 35, 45 anordnade i munstycke- kroppen 1. Kanalen 35 börjar radiellt i flänsen 5 och sträcker sig sedan i längdriktningen genom ventilkroppens delar 2 och 3. 10 15 20 25 30 35 4 Kanalens 35 nedre ände mynnar i ett ringrum 36, som befinner sig uppströms från ventilsätesytan 25 och är utformat mellan den ihåliga ventilnålen 22 och delen 3. Kanalen 45 börjar ävenledes radiellt i flänsen 5 och sträcker sig i längdriktningen genom ventilkroppens delar 2 och 3. Kanalens H5 nedre ände mynnar i ett ringrum 37, som är utformat i delen 3. Från ringrummet 37 sträcker sig flera radiella kanaler 39 genom den ihåliga ventil- nålen 22 franrtil1.ett ringrum 39, som är ursparat i den ihåliga ventilnålens 22 invändiga yta och omger hylsan 11. I området av ringrummet 39 har hylsan 11 flera radiella hål ÄÛ, som ger förbindelse med ringrummet 18. Under ringrummet 39 kan vara anordnat ännu ett ringrum i den ihåliga nålen 22, till vilket är ansluten en uppåt från insprutningsventilen gående utsugnings- kanal för att förhindra, att bränsle från ringrummet 39 kommer till raden av munstyckskanaler 8 längs de mot varandra glidande ytorna hos den ihåliga nålen 22 och hylsan 11.For fuel supply to the two nozzle channels 8 and 9, fuel supply channels 35, 45 are arranged in the nozzle body 1. The channel 35 starts radially in the flange 5 and then extends in the longitudinal direction through the parts 2 and 3 of the valve body. lower end opens into an annulus 36, which is located upstream of the valve seat surface 25 and is formed between the hollow valve needle 22 and the part 3. The channel 45 also begins radially in the flange 5 and extends longitudinally through the parts 2 and 3 of the valve body. end ends in an annulus 37, which is formed in the part 3. From the annulus 37 several radial channels 39 extend through the hollow valve needle 22 from a annulus 39, which is recessed in the inner surface of the hollow valve needle 22 and surrounds the sleeve 11. In the area of the annulus 39, the sleeve 11 has several radial holes Û, which provide a connection with the annulus 18. Below the annulus 39, another annulus can be arranged in the hollow needle. n 22, to which is connected an exhaust duct extending upwards from the injection valve to prevent fuel from the annulus 39 from coming to the row of nozzle channels 8 along the sliding surfaces of the hollow needle 22 and the sleeve 11.
De båda kanalerna 35 och #5 är anslutna till en icke visad gemensam bränslepump, varvid det mellan pumpen och de båda kanalerna är anordnad en ej heller visad styrslid, som belast- ningsberoende förbinder den ena av de båda kanalerna 35 och H5 med bränslepumpens trycksida.The two channels 35 and # 5 are connected to a common fuel pump (not shown), a control slide (also not shown) being arranged between the pump and the two channels, which load-independently connects one of the two channels 35 and H5 to the pressure side of the fuel pump.
Vid full belastning av motorn år exempelvis den undre raden med t.ex. elva munstyckskanaler 9 i drift. Det under högt tryck stående bränslet strömmar i detta fall genom kanalen 45 och framkommer genom ringrummet 37, kanalerna 38, ringrummet 39 och kanalerna UG till ringrummet 18. Trycket i bränslet lyfter ventilnålen 16 från ventilsätet 15, så att bränslet inströmmar i förbränningsrummet 70 genom munstyckskanalerna 9.At full load of the engine, for example, the bottom row with e.g. eleven nozzle channels 9 in operation. The high pressure fuel in this case flows through the channel 45 and emerges through the annulus 37, the channels 38, the annulus 39 and the channels UG to the annulus 18. The pressure in the fuel lifts the valve needle 16 from the valve seat 15, so that the fuel flows into the combustion chamber 70 through the nozzle channels 9.
Vid delbelastning av motorn spärras bränsletillförseln till kanalen 45 och friges bränsletillförseln till kanalen 35.When the engine is partially loaded, the fuel supply to the duct 45 is blocked and the fuel supply to the duct 35 is released.
Det under högt tryck stående bränslet inkommer alltså i ring- rummet 36¿ där bränslet framkallar lyftning av den ihåliga ventilnålen 22 från ventilsätesytan 25, så att bränslet kan framkomma till de exempelvis sexton munstyckskanalerna 8 och genom dessa till förbränningsrummet 7.The high-pressure fuel thus enters the annulus 36¿ where the fuel causes the hollow valve needle 22 to be lifted from the valve seat surface 25, so that the fuel can reach the, for example, sixteen nozzle channels 8 and through them to the combustion chamber 7.
Claims (3)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CH1065277A CH623114A5 (en) | 1977-09-01 | 1977-09-01 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
SE7809201L SE7809201L (en) | 1979-03-02 |
SE430353B true SE430353B (en) | 1983-11-07 |
Family
ID=4365412
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
SE7809201A SE430353B (en) | 1977-09-01 | 1978-08-31 | INJECTION VALVE FOR Piston Combustion Engines |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPS5848748B2 (en) |
CH (1) | CH623114A5 (en) |
DE (2) | DE2740880A1 (en) |
DK (1) | DK147381C (en) |
FR (1) | FR2402079B1 (en) |
GB (1) | GB2003550B (en) |
IT (1) | IT1098732B (en) |
NL (1) | NL183667C (en) |
SE (1) | SE430353B (en) |
Families Citing this family (24)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2943896A1 (en) * | 1979-10-31 | 1981-05-14 | Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart | FUEL INJECTION NOZZLE FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES |
DE2944339A1 (en) * | 1979-11-02 | 1981-05-14 | Volkswagenwerk Ag, 3180 Wolfsburg | IC engine with two spark plugs per cylinder - has fuel injector directing separate fuel jets at plugs during idling |
JPS5895788A (en) * | 1981-12-03 | 1983-06-07 | 東京都 | Controller for light emitting display |
JPS58124660U (en) * | 1982-02-16 | 1983-08-24 | 三井造船株式会社 | Diesel engine fuel injection valve |
JPS58130081U (en) * | 1982-02-26 | 1983-09-02 | 日産ディーゼル工業株式会社 | Internal combustion engine fuel injection system |
DE3236046C2 (en) * | 1982-09-29 | 1986-03-20 | Daimler-Benz Ag, 7000 Stuttgart | Fuel injector for internal combustion engines |
JPS601372A (en) * | 1983-06-17 | 1985-01-07 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Fuel injection valve for diesel engine |
JPS6018265U (en) * | 1983-07-16 | 1985-02-07 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | fuel injection valve |
JPS6075680U (en) * | 1983-10-31 | 1985-05-27 | いすゞ自動車株式会社 | Multi-stage valve opening pressure nozzle |
JPS6123862A (en) * | 1984-07-10 | 1986-02-01 | Toyota Motor Corp | Fuel injection controller |
DE3824467A1 (en) * | 1988-07-19 | 1990-01-25 | Man B & W Diesel Ag | Injection valve |
DE4115478C2 (en) * | 1990-05-17 | 1999-05-12 | Avl Verbrennungskraft Messtech | Injection nozzle for an internal combustion engine |
DE4023223A1 (en) * | 1990-07-21 | 1992-01-23 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | FUEL INJECTION NOZZLE FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES |
DE19630204B4 (en) * | 1996-07-26 | 2005-04-14 | Man B & W Diesel Ag | Fuel injector |
DE19758066A1 (en) | 1997-12-29 | 1999-07-01 | Steyr Daimler Puch Ag | Pump nozzle type with open injection nozzle |
DE10040738B4 (en) * | 1999-08-19 | 2012-12-13 | Avl List Gmbh | Injection device for an internal combustion engine with an injection nozzle designed as a double needle nozzle |
KR101148683B1 (en) * | 2010-06-07 | 2012-05-21 | 현대중공업 주식회사 | Dual fuel injector valve by hybrid nozzle with dual fuel injection valve for diesel and gas engine |
US20120255523A1 (en) * | 2011-04-08 | 2012-10-11 | Caterpillar Inc. | Dual fuel injector and engine using same |
FI124743B (en) * | 2012-10-18 | 2015-01-15 | Wärtsilä Finland Oy | Fuel Injection Arrangement |
GB201309122D0 (en) | 2013-05-21 | 2013-07-03 | Delphi Tech Holding Sarl | Fuel Injector |
US10900450B1 (en) | 2019-08-05 | 2021-01-26 | Caterpillar Inc. | Fuel system, fuel injector nozzle assembly, and engine head assembly structured for ducted fuel injection |
US11885290B2 (en) | 2020-09-08 | 2024-01-30 | Caterpillar Inc. | Fuel injector and nozzle assembly having dual concentric check assembly and ducted spray orifices |
US11549474B2 (en) | 2021-05-24 | 2023-01-10 | Caterpillar Inc. | Ducted fuel injector having nested checks with non-rotating outer check and method of operating same |
US11852113B2 (en) | 2022-02-02 | 2023-12-26 | Caterpillar Inc. | Fuel injector having spray ducts sized for optimized soot reduction |
Family Cites Families (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1607805A (en) * | 1926-11-23 | op milwaukee | ||
GB542844A (en) * | 1940-07-25 | 1942-01-29 | George Stephen Kammer | Improvements relating to fuel injection in internal combustion engines |
GB549419A (en) * | 1941-04-18 | 1942-11-20 | Nat Gas And Oil Engine Company | Improvements in or relating to injection nozzles for internal-combustion engines |
DE1042964B (en) * | 1954-06-11 | 1958-11-06 | Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz Ag | Fuel injector for internal combustion engines |
US3339848A (en) * | 1965-10-20 | 1967-09-05 | Int Harvester Co | Fuel injection nozzle |
AT283059B (en) * | 1966-10-28 | 1970-07-27 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Fuel injector |
DE7025384U (en) * | 1970-07-07 | 1971-08-12 | Maschf Augsburg Nuernberg Ag | FUEL INJECTION VALVE FOR PISTON ENGINE WITH PRE-INJECTION AND MAIN INJECTION. |
DD102198A1 (en) * | 1973-02-02 | 1973-12-05 | ||
JPS5158216U (en) * | 1974-10-31 | 1976-05-07 | ||
DE2711390A1 (en) * | 1977-03-16 | 1978-09-21 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | FUEL INJECTOR |
-
1977
- 1977-09-01 CH CH1065277A patent/CH623114A5/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1977-09-10 DE DE19772740880 patent/DE2740880A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1977-09-10 DE DE2759403A patent/DE2759403C2/de not_active Expired
-
1978
- 1978-08-16 NL NLAANVRAGE7808497,A patent/NL183667C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1978-08-21 DK DK368478A patent/DK147381C/en active
- 1978-08-31 JP JP53105706A patent/JPS5848748B2/en not_active Expired
- 1978-08-31 FR FR7825246A patent/FR2402079B1/en not_active Expired
- 1978-08-31 IT IT27194/78A patent/IT1098732B/en active
- 1978-08-31 SE SE7809201A patent/SE430353B/en unknown
- 1978-09-01 GB GB7835315A patent/GB2003550B/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DK147381B (en) | 1984-07-09 |
JPS5447028A (en) | 1979-04-13 |
GB2003550A (en) | 1979-03-14 |
IT7827194A0 (en) | 1978-08-31 |
DK368478A (en) | 1979-03-02 |
JPS5848748B2 (en) | 1983-10-31 |
CH623114A5 (en) | 1981-05-15 |
IT1098732B (en) | 1985-09-07 |
SE7809201L (en) | 1979-03-02 |
FR2402079A1 (en) | 1979-03-30 |
GB2003550B (en) | 1982-10-20 |
NL7808497A (en) | 1979-03-05 |
DE2759403C2 (en) | 1988-09-29 |
DE2740880A1 (en) | 1979-03-15 |
DK147381C (en) | 1985-01-28 |
NL183667C (en) | 1988-12-16 |
NL183667B (en) | 1988-07-18 |
FR2402079B1 (en) | 1985-08-16 |
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