SE201208C1

SE201208C1 -

Info

Publication number: SE201208C1
Authority: SE
Publication date: 1965-01-01

Description

Uppfinnare: If J M van Tol Prioritet begard frcin den 27 december 1962 (Nederliinderna) FOreliggande uppfinning avser ett elektriskt urladdningsrOr for forstarkning av hogfrekventa svangningar och speciellt ett mottagarrar med mycket 1g brusniva. Vidare avser uppfinningen en anordning med ett dylikt ror. Inventor: If J M van Tol Priority Required February 27, 1962 (Nederliinderna) The present invention relates to an electric discharge tube for amplifying high frequency oscillations and in particular to a receiver with a very high noise level. Furthermore, the invention relates to a device with such a rudder.

Det forsta forstarkarsteget i en mottagare for hagfrekventa signaler skall uppfylla kravet, att roret her all mycket Ifigt brusmotstand. I allmanhet anvandas pentoder eller trioder, i vilka dock pa grund av skarmgallerstrommen ett strOmfordelningsbrus upptrader, som beror pa fordelningen av elektronerna i katodstriimmen mellan skarragallret och anoden. I detta hanseende är en triad avseviirt gynnsammare, men den bar den oldgenheten, att pa grand av anod-gallerkapacitansen en forhallandevis stark atermatning frlrn anod till galler upptrader, varigenom neutralisering erfordras. Denna ken ofta vara svar att genomfora, speciellt om ett rOr skall vara utbytbart. Denna olagenhet ken elimineras genom anvandning av tva triodes i kaskadkoppling. Denna losning är dock dyrbar. The first amplifier stage in a receiver for field frequency signals must meet the requirement that the rudder has very high noise resistance. In general, pentodes or triodes are used, in which, however, due to the screen grid current, a current distribution noise occurs, which is due to the distribution of the electrons in the cathode strip between the ratchet grid and the anode. In this respect, a triad is considerably more favorable, but it carried the antiquity that, on the basis of the anode-grating capacitance, a relatively strong feedback from the anode to the grid occurs, whereby neutralization is required. This can often be the answer to implement, especially if a tube is to be interchangeable. This malfunction is eliminated by the use of two triodes in a cascade. However, this solution is expensive.

I den tyska patentskriften 1 081 975 her ett ror beskrivits, vilket uppvisar samma gynnsamma verkan som en triod men som har namnda olagenheter i mindre grad. German Pat. No. 1,081,975 discloses a rudder which has the same beneficial effect as a triode but which has the said imperfections to a lesser extent.

Vid detta redan kanda ror, vars elektrodsystem bestar av en katod, ett galler, en anod och en hjalpelektrod, bestar anoden av tva halvor, vilka var och en uppvisar en inbuktning, som as vand mot katoden, och som approximativt liar samma bredd som katoden, och vilka bilda den verksamma anodytan och ph bade sidor dro mellan anoddelarna och gallret U-formiga skarmar anordnade, vilkas fria kanter pa den oppna sidan has U-et ligga nara de verksamma anoddelarna i dessas plan pa sadant satt, att anod-gallerkapacitansen hestOmmes av de verksamma delarna hos anod och galler. Enar avstandet mellan de verksamma delarna has anod och galler är litet, upptrader i detta hanseende svarigheter med toleranserna hos de U-formiga skarmarna. Pa grund harav kunna kanterna has skarmarna inte anordnas sá, att galler-anodkapacitansen uppnar sitt minsta mojliga varde. Det ham emellertid visat sig mojligt att ytterligare redueera denna kapaeitans avsevart, om enligt uppfinningen de U-formiga skarmarna ersattas med fyra band och laget has de verksamma kanterna has banden bestammas av Oppningar i isolerande fastorgan pa sadant satt, att kanterna has handen befinna sig radian kanterna has den verksamma anoddelen och den verksamma gallerytan. Dylika oppningar kunna ha mycket sraâ toleranser, och enar skarmarna bildas av separata band, aro de i sina lagen oberoende av varandra och kunna Ida hestammas genom tillhorande oppningar i isolerkropparna. In this case, already conductors, the electrode system of which consists of a cathode, a grid, an anode and an auxiliary electrode, the anode consists of two halves, each of which has a bulge which is water against the cathode and which is approximately the same width as the cathode. , and which form the active anode surface and both sides draw between the anode parts and the grid U-shaped screens are arranged, the free edges of which on the open side have the U lie close to the active anode parts in their plane in such a way that the anode-grid capacitance is increased. of the active parts of the anode and grille. If the distance between the active parts of the anode and the grid is small, similarities occur in this respect with the tolerances of the U-shaped screens. Due to this, the edges of the screens cannot be arranged in such a way that the grid-anode capacitance reaches its smallest possible value. However, it has proved possible to further reduce this capacitance considerably, if according to the invention the U-shaped screens are replaced with four bands and the layer has the active edges, the bands have been determined by openings in insulating fasteners in such a way that the edges have the hand the edges have the active anode part and the active gallery surface. Such openings can have very sharp tolerances, and if the screens are formed by separate bands, they are in their layers independent of each other and can be hammed through associated openings in the insulating bodies.

Det är da mojligt att anordna de verksamma kanterna hos skarmarna pa de gynnsammaste stallena mellan de verksamma delarna has anod och galler, varigenom anodgallerkapacitansen halveras i jdmforelse med den kanda konstruktionen. It is then possible to arrange the active edges of the screens on the most favorable places between the active parts having anode and grid, whereby the anode grid capacitance is halved in comparison with the known construction.

Banden maste vara elektriskt forbundna med varandra. Foretradesvis forbindas med varandra genom den pa samma sida om katoden liggande I. ex. av glimmer bestaende fastskivan varigenom de med denna forbindning bilda en enhet, som ken skjutas in i Opp- 2 ningama i glimmerskivan efter montaget av elektrodsystemet. Banden kunna bilda en en-het med ett bandformigt forbindelseorgan. Det är ocksh mojligt att an.ordna de verksamma kanterna vid ombojda delar av ban-den och uppnh. de sma erforderliga toleranserna genom bojning. Det breda forbindelsebandet kan dessutom anvandas som skarmorgan for stronatillforselledningarna. The bands must be electrically connected to each other. Preferably connected to each other by the I. e.g. of the mica consisting of mica, whereby they with this connection form a unit, which ken is pushed into the openings in the mica plate after the assembly of the electrode system. The bands can form a unit with a band-shaped connecting member. It is also possible to arrange the active edges at bent parts of the belt and upheld. the small tolerances required by bending. The wide connecting band can also be used as a shielding means for the strona supply lines.

Uppfinningen beskrives narmare i det RAjande rued hanvisning till i bifogade ritning schematiskt visade exempel. The invention is described in more detail in the accompanying reference to the examples schematically shown in the accompanying drawing.

Fig. 1 visar ett tvarsnitt genom ett r8r enligt uppfinningen, fig. 2 visar en del av skarmarna, och fig. 3 visar principschemat for ett dylikt rex. Fig. 1 shows a cross section through a pipe according to the invention, Fig. 2 shows a part of the screens, and Fig. 3 shows the principle diagram of such a rex.

I fig. 1 betecknar 1 katoden, som omges av ett galler 2. Delta galler 2 bestar av ph en ram styvt uppspanda trhdar. De verksamma anoddelarna 3 aro utbildade som inbuktningar i anodblecken. 4, som med de samtidigt som kylytor verkande blecken 5 bilda en skhl. Enligt uppfinningen aro mellan anodblecken 4 och gallret 2 bandformiga skarmar 6 sh anordnade, att de verksamma kanterna 7 ligga mellan kanterna hos de verksamma delarna 3 hos anoden och den verksamma delen hos gallret 2. Det visar sig, att kapacitansen hos de verksamma delarna av gallret 2 och anoddelarna 3 är unseal- halften sâ stor som vid den konstrnktion, vid vilken de verksamma kanterna hos skarmen 6 ligga i planet genom anoddelarna 3. Ph. grund harav kan. vid kopplingen enligt fig. 3 den. konventionella neutraUseringskondensatorn helt utelamnas. Elektrodsystemet Or anordnat i en glaskolv 8. Bred-den hos anoddelen 3 Or i stort sett lika med bredden hos katoden 1, varigenom en. smal elektronstrale kan anvandas. In Fig. 1, 1 denotes the cathode, which is surrounded by a grid 2. Delta grid 2 consists of ph a frame of rigidly tensioned wires. The active anode parts 3 are formed as indentations in the anode plates. 4, which with the plates 5 acting at the same time as cooling surfaces form a skhl. According to the invention, band-shaped screens 6 sh are arranged between the anode plates 4 and the grid 2, so that the active edges 7 lie between the edges of the active parts 3 of the anode and the active part of the grid 2. It turns out that the capacitance of the active parts of the grid 2 and the anode parts 3, the unseal half is as large as in the construction in which the active edges of the screen 6 lie in the plane through the anode parts 3. Ph. reason of which can. at the coupling according to Fig. 3 the. the conventional neutralizing capacitor is completely omitted. The electrode system Or arranged in a glass piston 8. The width of the anode part 3 Or is substantially equal to the width of the cathode 1, whereby a. narrow electron beam can be used.

Enar laget av kanterna 7 hos skarmarna 6, som praktiskt sett Oro oberoende av varandra bestammes uteslutande av spaltanden i glimmercentreringsorganen belagna nara anoddelarna 3, mellan vilka elektroderna aro monterade ph konventionellt salt varvid kanternas 7 lage endast har den mycket ringa toleransen hos n.amnda spaltformiga oppningar i glimmerskivorna. Enar skarmarna 6 Oro utbildade i form av ett nagot ombojt band, kunna avvikelser pa grund av toleranser I bredden hos namnda band och langden hos Oppningama i glimmerskivoma endast upptrada vid den frail kanterna 7 vanda sidan hos banden och Oppningarna, varigenom Wagon fara inte uppstar for kortslutning med andra elektroder. Avstanden mellan kanterna 7 och anodkanten uppgar t. ex. till 1p, och frhn gallertrhdama till 38A. Har Or risken for kortslutning stOr- Bredden hos den verksamma anoddelen Or t. ex. 1,2 mm. Diametern hos gallerstagen Or 0,7 mm och diametern hos galertraden 8 A. Den emitterande katodytan Or 1,4. 5,8 mm. Tvarsnittet genom katodhylsan Or 0,6 • 1,4 mm dess totala langd 9,4 mm. Tjockleken hos det emitterande skiktet Or A. The one layer of the edges 7 of the shields 6, which are practically independent of each other, is determined exclusively by the slit tooth in the mica centering means coated near the anode parts 3, between which the electrodes are mounted ph conventional salt, the layer 7 having only the very low tolerance of said slit-shaped openings in the mica discs. Units the shields 6 Concerns formed in the form of a slightly bent band, deviations due to tolerances in the said band and the length of the openings in the mica discs can only occur at the frail edges 7 used side of the bands and openings, whereby Wagon danger does not arise for short circuit with other electrodes. The distance between the edges 7 and the anode edge states e.g. to 1p, and frhn grid wire to 38A. Does Or have the risk of a short circuit? The width of the active anode part Or e.g. 1.2 mm. The diameter of the grid stays Or 0,7 mm and the diameter of the grid wire 8 A. The emitting cathode surface Or 1,4. 5.8 mm. The cross section through the cathode sleeve Or 0.6 • 1.4 mm its total length 9.4 mm. The thickness of the emitting layer Or A.

De hada anodhalvorna Oro forbundna med varandra genom trader eller smala band 9, vilka dock inte ha nagon markbar inverkan ph anod-gallerkap acitans en. The had anode halves are connected to each other by trades or narrow bands 9, which, however, have no appreciable effect on the anode grating cap acitans.

I fig. 2 visas hur tva ph samma emitterande sidor av katoden liggande band 6 utbildas med en bandformig forbindelseledare som en en- het. Forbindelsebandet 14 kan samtidigt tjanstgora som avskarmning mellan shorn- tillforselledningama for gallret och anoden. Fig. 2 shows how two ph the same emitting sides of the cathode lying band 6 are formed with a band-shaped connecting conductor as a unit. The connecting band 14 can simultaneously serve as a shield between the shorn supply lines for the grid and the anode.

Fastan kanterna 7 Oro anordnade vid de ombojda delarna av bandet 6, kan laget trots delta bestammas mycket noggrant genom kanterna hos de spaltformiga oppningarna i glimmerfastskivorna, enar de ombojda delarna Oro tillrackligt elastiska for att kunna vid inskjutning i oppningama i glimmerskivan. Forbindelsebandet 14 kan vara for-sett med en forstarkningsflans 15. Although the edges 7 are arranged at the bent parts of the belt 6, the team can nevertheless be determined very accurately by the edges of the slit-shaped openings in the mica fasteners, the bent parts are sufficiently elastic to be able to be inserted into the openings in the mica plate. The connecting band 14 may be provided with a reinforcing flange 15.

I kopplingsanordningen enligt fig. 3 betecknar 10 den med gallret 2 forbundna ingangs- kretsen. De forstarkta signalerna uttagas Iran utghngskretsen 11. Skarmarna 6 aro i detta fall forbundna med katoden 1. Vid utform- ningen av skarmarna 6 enligt uppfinningen, visar det sig, att den med streckade linjer visade neutraliseringskapacitansen 12 kan undvaras. In the coupling device according to Fig. 3, 10 denotes the input circuit connected to the grid 2. The amplified signals are taken out of the Iran output circuit 11. The shields 6 are in this case connected to the cathode 1. In the design of the shields 6 according to the invention, it turns out that the neutralizing capacitance 12 shown in broken lines can be dispensed with.

. Fastan endast en enda utforingsform visats och beskrivits, Or det tydligt, att t. ex. den icke verksamma anoddelen kan gee en i hog grad godtycklig form for att en god kylning av anoden skall uppnas. liven dimensionema och anordnandet av skarmama 6 kunna for-Andras nagot, savida kanterna 7 forbli vid korrekta stallen. . Although only a single embodiment has been shown and described, it is clear that e.g. the inoperative anode part can give a highly arbitrary shape in order to achieve a good cooling of the anode. the living dimensions and the arrangement of the screens 6 can for-Others something, savida the edges 7 remain at the correct stables.

Claims

Patent claim:

An electric discharge tube for amplifying electrical oscillations with an electrode system, consisting of a cathode, a grid, an auxiliary electrode and an anode, comprising two halves, each of which has an indentation, which turned towards the cathode, and which has roughly the same width as the cathode and corn form the active anode surface, and in which ph hada sides between the anode parts and the grid screens are arranged, whose free edges towards the electrode system lie close to the active anode parts, which may indicate that the screens consist. of lyre tape and that the layer of the active edges of the tape is determined by openings in insulating fastening means in such a way that the active edges of the tape are located between corresponding edges of the active anode parts and the effective grid surface.

2. An electric discharge tube according to claim 1, characterized in that the distance from the screen edges between the active anode parts and the grid from the grid surface is three times as great as its distance from the edges of the active anode part.

3. An electric discharge tube according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the bands on the same emitting side of the cathode on the underside outside the system are connected to each other by a band-shaped conductor, which also serves as a shielding means between the current supply leads to the grid and the anode.

4. A high-frequency amplifier coupling with a tube according to claim 1, 2 or 3 can be characterized in that the neutralizing capacitor between the anode and the grid in the tube is omitted. Request publications: