SE188103C1

SE188103C1 -

Info

Publication number: SE188103C1
Authority: SE
Publication date: 1963-01-01

Description

Prioritet begeird frail den 20 ma) 1958 (T jeckoslovakien) Uppfinningen avser en dieselmotor med en sasom en rotationskropp utformad farkammare i eylinderlock.et, vilken är forsedd med dels en cylinderformig forhindelsekanal mellan fOrkammaren och eylin.derrummet och dels en borrning for insprutningsmunstycket, vilkets axel dr anordnad i fi5rkammarens och forbindelsekanalens langdriktning. Speciellt avser uppfinningen sjalva utformningen av forbindelsekanalen och andamalet är att forbattra dieselmotorns startegenskaper. The invention relates to a diesel engine with a vessel chamber formed in a cylinder body in the cylinder cover, which is provided with a cylindrical obstruction channel between the chamber and the cylinder chamber and to a bore for the injection nozzle. shaft dr arranged in the longitudinal direction of the front chamber and the connecting channel. In particular, the invention itself relates to the design of the connecting channel and the aim is to improve the starting properties of the diesel engine.

Forhindelsekanaler av kant slag fylla joke denna uppgift tillfredsstallande. Dot har foreslagits kanaler med cirkuldrt eller rektangulart tvarsnitt, vilka aro belagna pci. samma axel sum kaminaren och vid vilka munstycket ãr anordnat antingen langs ,samma axel som kanalen eller i rat vinkel mot densamma. Dessa konstruktioner ha i synnerhet vid motorer med liten cylindervolym den nackdelen, att branslestralen traff or kolvbotten, farsaNitt den icke genom inverkan av luftstrommen har avsatt sig pa forbranningskammarens vaggar, vilka aro kalla, och att brans-lets sjalvantanchiing darigenom starkt forsvaras. Darutover fOrhindras den direkta kontakten mellan luften och det väl finfordelade branslet, vilken dger ruin i narheten av insprutningsmunstyckets mynning. Edge ducts of edge kind fill joke this task satisfactorily. Dots have been proposed channels with a circular or rectangular cross-section, which are coated with pci. the same axis sum the stove and at which the nozzle is arranged either along, the same axis as the channel or at right angles to it. These constructions have, in particular in the case of engines with a small cylinder volume, the disadvantage that the fuel jet hits the piston bottom, because it has not been deposited by the action of the air stream on the combustion chamber walls, which are cold, and that the industry self-tapping is thereby strongly defended. In addition, the direct contact between the air and the well-atomized industry is prevented, which ruins the vicinity of the injection nozzle mouth.

Andra kAnda oeh utnyttjade forkammare aro forbundna med huvadforbrdnningsrummet medelst en i forhallande till forkammarens axel sned kanal, och ha ett insprutningsmunstycke, som är anordnat vid sidan av forkammarens axel, for att den i forkammaren inkommande luftstralen skall traff a branslestralen fran sidan. Detta utforande bar den nackdelen, att det endast kan anvdndas vid de forkammare, som är& belagna vid sidan av cylinderaxeln, da. endast darigenom en likformig forangning av branslestralen I huvudfarbranningsrummet i dessa fall kan erhallas. Other known and utilized antechambers are connected to the main combustion chamber by means of a channel inclined to the axis of the antechamber, and have an injection nozzle, which is arranged next to the axis of the antechamber, so that the air jet entering the antechamber hits the industry jet from the side. This embodiment had the disadvantage that it can only be used at the antechambers which are coated next to the cylinder shaft. only thereby a uniform evaporation of the industry jet In the main combustion chamber in these cases can be obtained.

Slutligen aro ocksâ forkammarmotorer kanda, vid vilka fOrbindelsekanalen utgores av ett centralt hal, kring vilket ett antal oppningar arc anordnade med vdggarna belagna parallellt med eller i bestamcl vinkel mot stralens axel. Gen.om denna anordning av far, bindelsekanalerna erhallas i dessas tvarsnitt en rad skarpa kanter, soni orsaka en virvelrarelse och en icke andamalsenlig sifaiderdelfling av luftstrommen, sour forsamrar brans-lets forangning. Vidare uppstar en olikformig termisk pa.kanning ph eylinderlocket och sarskilt p forbranningsrummet, som ofta le-der till deformationer och sprickbildning i cylinderlocket. Det ar darfor nadvandigt, att av denna orsak utfora kanalerna av ett myeket varmebestandigt material. Finally, there are also antechamber motors known, in which the connecting channel consists of a central hall, around which a number of openings are arranged with the walls coated parallel to or at a certain angle to the axis of the beam. By means of this arrangement of fathers, the connecting channels are obtained in their cross-section a series of sharp edges, soni cause a vortex motion and a non-proportional sifaider division of the air stream, sour collects the evaporation of the industry. Furthermore, a non-uniform thermal build-up occurs on the cylinder head and especially on the combustion chamber, which often leads to deformations and cracking in the cylinder head. It is therefore necessary, for this reason, to make the ducts of a very heat-resistant material.

Uppfinningen utmarker sig darfor i huvudsak darigenom, att farbindelsekanalens tvarsnitt ãr forstorat utefter kanalens hela langd medelst ett pa ena sidan henget spar i kanal- och forkammarvaggen, varvid den 'angst bort fran kanalen helagna vaggytan i sparet tangentiellt overgar i forkammarens inre konturlinj e. The invention is therefore distinguished mainly by the fact that the cross-section of the connecting channel is enlarged along the entire length of the channel by means of a groove hung on one side in the channel and antechamber cradle, the angular surface of the groove in the groove tangentially extending into the inner contour line.

Uppfinningen visas schematiskt pa hifogade ritning, ph vilken fig. 1 an en vertikalsektion av cylinderlocket med forkammaren, fig. 2 ar en forstorad, partiell vertikalsektion av forkammaren enligt fig. 1, och fig. 3 visar en horisontalsektion av forkammaren. The invention is shown schematically in the accompanying drawing, in which Fig. 1 is a vertical section of the cylinder head with the antechamber, Fig. 2 is an enlarged, partial vertical section of the antechamber according to Fig. 1, and Fig. 3 shows a horizontal section of the antechamber.

En sasom rotationskropp utformad forkammare 1, vilken ár belagen i cylinderlocket, är forbunden med ett huvudforbranningsrum 2 i en cylinder 3 ovanfOr en kolv 4 medelst 2— — en kanal 5. Kanalen 5 har vid den visade utforingsformen cirkular tvarsektion. Derma kanals diameter är lampligen mindre an halften av forkammarens storsta diameter. I forlangningen av kammarens och forbindelsekanalens langdaxel, är pa motsatt sida air forkammaren anordnad en oppning for ett insprutningsmunstycke 10. Enligt uppfinningen air forbindelsekanalens 5 diameter forstorad vid ett spar 6, som Sr belaget i forkammarens vagg. Sparet 6 ãr anordnat radiellt I forbindelsekanalens ena sida. Sparets 6 sidovaggar aro parallella och forenade av en. cylindrisk yta, vars axel bildar en vinkel a med cylinderlockets & anliggnin.gsyta, vilken vinkel ár mindre- an eller hagst lika med 90°. Forkammarvaggen Sr fiirsedd med en borrning 9 eller 9', i vilken ett hjalpstartelement, sasom ett gliidstift, en lunta eller liknande fir inskruvat. Borrningens 9 lage ar sa valt, att langdaxeln antingen Sr belagen i sparets 6 mittplan eller att borrningens 9' axel Sr belagen vinkelratt mot detta plan. Dessutom Sr borrningen 9, 9' sh anordnad ovanfor forbindelsekanalens spar 6, att luftstralen frail sparet traffar hjalpstartelementet. An atrium 1 formed as a rotating body, which is covered in the cylinder cover, is connected to a main combustion chamber 2 in a cylinder 3 above a piston 4 by means of a channel 5. The channel 5 has a circular cross section in the embodiment shown. The diameter of this channel is suitably less than half the largest diameter of the atrium. In the extension of the longitudinal axis of the chamber and the connecting channel, an opening for an injection nozzle 10 is arranged on the opposite side of the front chamber. The recess 6 is arranged radially in one side of the connecting channel. The 6 side cradles of the spar are parallel and united by one. cylindrical surface, the axis of which forms an angle α with the surface of the cylinder cover, which angle is less than or at least equal to 90 °. The atrium cradle Sr is provided with a bore 9 or 9 ', in which an auxiliary starting element, such as a sliding pin, a cord or the like, is screwed. The bearing of the bore 9 is chosen so that the long axis is either coated in the central plane of the groove 6 or that the axis of the bore 9 'is coated perpendicular to this plane. In addition, the bore 9, 9 'sh is arranged above the groove 6 of the connecting duct, so that the air jet from the groove hits the auxiliary starting element.

Den beskrivna anordningen av forbindelsekanalen och forkammaren enligt uppfinning- medfor f8ljande fordelar. Vid kolvens kompressionsslag, da den komprimerade luften drives ut ur cylindern och in i fiirkamtnaren, striimmar luften dels genom den med cirkulart tvarsnitt utformade forbindelsekanalen och genom den del av sparet 6, som Sr belagen motsatt mot det insprutade branslets insprutningsriktning„ och dels genom den 3rttersta delen av sparet ,6 in i forkammaren, dar den ledes utefter dennas inre kriikta vagg och i huvudsak andrar sin ursprungliga rorelseriktning med 90° och traffar branslestralen under rat vinkel. Harigenom uppnas en mera fullkomlig forangning av branslepartiklarna och en battre luftblandping, sarskilt yid raga varytal, vilket liar en gynnsam inverkan saval pa branslets tandning som pa rnotorns startvillighet. Vid brans-lets forbranning i forkammaren utdrives blandningen av annu oforbrant bransle och Tuft genom forbindelsekanalens forstorade tvarsnitt in i huvudfOrbramtingsrummet, dar den slutliga forbra.nningen av branslet sker huvudsak fullstandigt och utan knackning. The described arrangement of the connecting channel and the antechamber according to the invention has the following advantages. At the compression stroke of the piston, when the compressed air is driven out of the cylinder and into the vent chamber, the air flows partly through the connecting channel formed with a circular cross-section and through the part of the groove 6 which is coated opposite to the injection direction of the injected fuel. the part of the spar, 6 into the anterior chamber, where it is guided along its inner cricket cradle and essentially changes its original direction of motion by 90 ° and strikes the branch jet at right angles. This results in a more complete evaporation of the industry particles and a better air mixture, especially in low variances, which has a favorable effect on both the ignition of the industry and the willingness to start of the engine. During the combustion of the industry in the antechamber, the mixture of still unburned fuel and Tuft is expelled through the enlarged cross section of the connecting duct into the main combustion chamber, where the final combustion of the industry takes place mainly completely and without knocking.

En forkammare med en forbindelsekanal enligt uppfinningen Sr enkel att tillverka, och anvandningen darav Sr sarskilt lamplig vid dieselmotorer med liten cylindervolym. Den visade utforingsformen Sr endast ett exempel och detaljutformningen kart givetvis andras Mom rarnen for uppfinningen. Salunda behover forhindelsekanalens tvarsektion lake vara cirkular, utan den kan ha nagon annan form. An antechamber with a connecting channel according to the invention is simple to manufacture, and its use is particularly suitable for diesel engines with a small cylinder volume. The embodiment shown is only an example and the detailed design will of course map other objects of the invention. Thus, the cross-section of the barrier channel lake needs to be circular, but it may have some other shape.

Claims

Patent an sprfi k:

1. A diesel engine having an atrium shaped like a rotating body in the cylinder head, which is provided partly with a cylindrical connecting channel between the antechamber and the cylinder space and partly with a bore for the injection nozzle, the axis of which is arranged in the longitudinal direction of the chamber and the connecting channel. It is enlarged along the entire length of the channel by means of a groove (6) in the channel and antechamber cradle on one side, whereby the cradle surface in the groove located farthest from the channel tangentially merges with the inner contour line of the multi-chamber.

2. Diesel engine according to patent claim 1, characterized in that the spare (6) is trained with tv5 plane, from. the connecting channel extends to the side cradles and a cradle joining these side cradles, which is formed as a cylinder surface, the axis of which forms an angle (α) with the plane perpendicular to the axis of the working cylinder, which angle is less than or equal to 90 °.

3. A diesel engine according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the width of the groove (6) in the cradle of the connecting channel is less than or at most equal to the diameter of the connecting channel.

4. A diesel engine according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that the atrium cradle Sr is provided with a bore (9 or 9 ') for an auxiliary starting element, the axis of the bore being either in the same plane as the longitudinal center plane or perpendicular of the sphere (6). against this. Cited publications: Patents from Sweden 113 132; Switzerland 163 983.