SE186169C1

SE186169C1 -

Info

Publication number: SE186169C1
Authority: SE
Publication date: 1963-01-01

Description

Uppfinnare: G A Moller Filreliggande uppfinning avser ett salt att fOrbehandla gods for aluminering genom att godset fore alumineringen i samma apparat utsattes for elektrolytisk betning, varigenom en mycket ren yta a det for behandling avsedda godset bildas, sa att en verkligt god vidhaftning av aluminiet erhalles. Med aluminium avses har aven legeringar mellan aluminium och andra metaller. Aluminiets utomordentliga egenskaper som korrosionsskydd firo val kanda. Aluminium har emellertid en mycket stor och besvarande obenfigenhet att fasta andra metaller sftsom jam och koppar. Aluminiums ,egenskap att snabbt caldera vid lufttilltrade forsvarar majligheterna att fa fram en val vidhaftande och oxidfri belaggning vid aluminering. Inventor: G A Moller The present invention relates to a salt for pretreating goods for alumination by subjecting the goods before the alumination in the same apparatus to electrolytic pickling, whereby a very clean surface of the goods to be treated is formed, so that a really good adhesion of the aluminum is obtained. By aluminum is also meant alloys between aluminum and other metals. The aluminum's excellent properties as corrosion protection firo val kanda. However, aluminum has a very large and cumbersome independence from solid other metals such as jams and copper. Aluminum's ability to quickly cool when air-tight defends the possibilities of producing a choice of adhesive and oxide-free coating during alumination.

De fiesta av dessa svarigheter elimineras genom det forfaringssatt, som anges i svenska patenten 102 855 och 105 554, enligt vilka small aluminium anbringas ovanpa en saltsmalta, varvid foremalet, som skall alumineras, nedfores i saltsmaltan och sedan Ekes genom aluminiumsmaltan. FOreliggande uppfinning as en fbrbattring av forfaran.det enligt dessa patent. Most of these similarities are eliminated by the process set forth in Swedish patents 102,855 and 105,554, according to which small aluminum is applied on top of a salt malt, the foremalt to be aluminated being immersed in the salt malt and then Ekes through the aluminum malt. The present invention is an improvement of the process of these patents.

Forfaringssattet enligt foreliggancle uppfinning bestar i att de for behandling avsedda fOremalen goras anodiska i forhallande till en i kontakt med saltsmaltan anbragt katod, varvid med saltsmaltan som elektrolyt erhalles en oxidlosande och rengorande ,elektrolytisk process mellan foremalen och katoden, innan fOremalen form genom aluminiumsmaltan. Uppfinningen avser aven en anordning for utforande av farfaringssattet bestaende av en degel eller ugn fOr upptagande av en saltsmalta och en dfirover liggande aluminiumsmalta, vilken anordning utmfirkes av en i kontakt med saltsmalta anbragt katod °eh en i kontakt med aluminiumsmaltan eller med Dupl. kl. 48 b: 2; 48 b: 4 upphangningsorgan for fOremMen anbragt anod. The process according to the present invention consists in that the preforms for treatment are made anodic in relation to a cathode placed in contact with the salt malt, whereby with the salt malt as electrolyte an oxide-releasing and cleaning electrolytic process is obtained between the preform and the cathode, before the preform forms through aluminum. The invention also relates to a device for carrying out the coloring set consisting of a crucible or oven for receiving a salt malt and an overlying aluminum malt, which device is made of a cathode placed in contact with salt malt or one in contact with the aluminum malt or with Duplex. at 48 b: 2; 48 b: 4 suspension means for the anode arranged anode.

Pa ritningen visas -ire utfOringsformer av anordningen enligt uppfinningen. Fig. 1 och 2 visa en forsta utfiiringsform 4 tvarsnitt respektive planvy. Fig. 3 visar en andra utforingsform 1 tvarsnitt. Fig. 4 och 5 visa en tredje utforingsform i tvfirsnitt resp. planvy. Fig. 1 och 2 visa en anordning for aluminering av styckegods, hestaende av en saltbadugn 1, van i finnes en bariumkloridsmalta 2 med., dara flytande aluminiumsmalta 3. Saltsmfiltan tjanstgor som motstand och vaxelstrommen tillfores pa Hirt salt genom ett par elektroder 9. I ugnens nedre del är anbragt en ram 4, som har är U-formad men ocksa kan goras pa annat salt (cylindrisk eller ,dylikt). Denna ram 4 star genom en ledareforbindelse med en likriktad stronalcallas minuspol 8. Till aluminiuntsmaltan armlet anslutes genom anoden 5 samma stromkallas pluspol, varigenom alltsa alnminiumsmaltan och dari befintligt gods blir anodiskt i forhallande till nyss namnda katod. Pluspolen kan ocksa tankas direkt Mann-den med godset. The drawing shows some embodiments of the device according to the invention. Figs. 1 and 2 show a first embodiment 4 cross-section and plan view, respectively. Fig. 3 shows a second embodiment 1 cross section. Figs. 4 and 5 show a third embodiment in two sections and plan view. Figs. 1 and 2 show a device for aluminizing piece goods, on horseback in a salt bath furnace 1, in which there is a barium chloride malt 2 with, dara liquid aluminum malt 3. The salt felt serves as resistance and the alternating current is applied to Hirt salt through a pair of electrodes 9. I the lower part of the oven is fitted with a frame 4, which has a U-shape but can also be made of other salt (cylindrical or the like). This frame 4 stands through a conductor connection with a rectified stronal callas negative pole 8. To the aluminum malt arm the arm is connected through the anode 5 to the same current called plus pole, whereby all the aluminum malt and existing goods become anodic in relation to the cathode just mentioned. The positive pole can also be refueled directly Mann-den with the goods.

Arbetet forsiggar pa sa salt, att en ledande hallare 6 med (lath fast foremfil 7 nedsankes genom aluminiumsmaltan 3 i den i bottnen befintliga ramen 4, varvid strommen vandrar frail foremalet 7 ut genom namnda ram 4. En elektrolytisk process kommer pa sa satt till stand, varvid klor frigores fran bariumkloridsmaltan 2 'Deli utovar en betande inverkan pa foremalet, som vanligen fir av j arn eller stal, och samtidigt med j Or-net bildar en kenaisk forening FeC12. Nar foremalet sedan uppdrages genom aluminium smaltan frigores den bundna kloren och kvarlamnar ett tunt lager mycket rent jam, som med latthet legerar sig med aluminiet 2— — och bildar ett underlag av jarnaluminium, vara aluminiet sedan fastnar. The work proceeds in such a salty manner that a conductive holder 6 with a lath solid foremfil 7 is immersed through the aluminum malt 3 in the frame 4 present in the bottom, the current migrating from the foremalt 7 out through the said frame 4. An electrolytic process is thus established. , chlorine is released from the barium chloride malt 2 'Deli exerts a grazing effect on the foremalt, which is usually made of iron or steel, and at the same time with the iron forms a Kenyan compound FeC12. When the foremalt is then raised through the aluminum melt, the bound chlorine is released and leaves a thin layer of very pure jam, which easily alloys with the aluminum 2— - and forms a base of iron aluminum, the aluminum then sticks.

Processen har alltsa haft tvafaldig verkan, dels liar den astadkommit en ren jarnyta, fri frail oxider, och dais har den dara utfallt ett visserligen tunt men for en god aluminering synneirligen formanligt lager rent jam. The process has thus had a twofold effect, partly because it has produced a pure iron surface, free frail oxides, and then it has resulted in an admittedly thin but for a good alumination apparently presumably a layer of pure jam.

Denna teoretiska forklaring har genom manga praktiska forsok med noggranna metallografiska studier bekraftats. Det har ocksa kunnat faststallas, att nyss namnda forfarande lamnar en produkt, som am langt overlagsen den, som erhalles, da likstrOmmen kopplas ur. Tidigare ha alla Hilda alumineringsraetoder haft att kampa med olagenheter i form av flackar och porer,•vilket givetvis vid kontin_uerlig drift vallar storre kassation, an .som kan anses ekonomiskt. Det har vidare konstaterats, att en del av den klorgas, som frigores vid den .elektrolytiska processen, passerar genom aluminiumsmaltan och utovar en oxidlosande och renande inverkan. This theoretical explanation has been confirmed by many practical experiments with careful metallographic studies. It has also been established that the procedure just mentioned leaves a product which is far superior to that obtained when the direct current is disconnected. Previously, all Hilda alumination methods have had to contend with irregularities in the form of flakes and pores, which, of course, in the case of continuous operation, causes greater scrapping, which can be considered economical. It has further been found that some of the chlorine gas released during the electrolytic process passes through the aluminum malt and exerts an oxide releasing and purifying effect.

Fig. 3 visar en utforingsform, avsedd huvudsakligen for aluminering av trad, band eller annat ,sammanhangande gods. Ugnen 10 Or har genom en avbalkning 13, sum ej sträeker sig mar an cirka halvvags mot ugnens botten, delad i tvenne sektioner, varav den ena uppbar en aluminiumsmalta 12, vilande pa saltet 11, medan den andra sektionen Or fri frOn aluminium. Liksom tidigare Or anoden 16 placerad i aluminiumsmaltan, medan katoden 14 med ledaren 15 sitter I den andra sektionen och utgores av tvenne parallella plattor, mellan vilka godset 18 i form av trad, band eller liknande passerar Over en Tulle 19, for att slutligen i forbehandlat skick dragas upp genom aluminimnsmaltan 12 och vidare till en utom ugnen anbragt haspel. I stallet for plattor kan man kanske i vissa fall anvanda cylindriska eller flersidiga anordningar, om sh befinnes lampligt. 17 beteeknar •elektroder for tillforsel av vaxelstrom. Fig. 3 shows an embodiment, intended mainly for aluminating wire, strip or other, cohesive goods. The furnace 10 Or has, by a beam 13, which does not extend approximately halfway towards the bottom of the furnace, divided into two sections, one of which carried an aluminum malt 12, resting on the salt 11, while the other section Or is free of aluminum. As before, the anode 16 is placed in the aluminum malt, while the cathode 14 with the conductor 15 sits in the second section and consists of two parallel plates, between which the goods 18 in the form of wire, strip or the like pass over a Tulle 19, to finally in pre-treated condition is drawn up through the aluminum malt 12 and further to a reel arranged outside the furnace. In the case of plates, cylindrical or multi-sided devices may be used in some cases, if sh is appropriate. 17 denotes • electrodes for supplying alternating current.

Fig. 4 och 5 visa annu en utforingsform av anordningen. Liksom i fig. 3 Or ugnen has delad i tvenne sektioner med den skillnaden dock, att mellanvaggen har bestar av en cylinder 25, framstalld av block av keramisk massa med en mellan blocken fastsatt skiva 30 av metall, grafit eller annat ledande material. Godset 28 upphanges i hallare 27, som Oro fastsatta i axeln 26 genom ett hal i cylindern 25. Medelst drivhjulet 31 kan axel och cylinder drivas runt. Genam grafit- eller metallplattan 30 her axeln och de dara fastsatta hallarna 27 standig kontakt med aluminiumsmaltan 22 och anoden 23. Katoden 24 Or har placerad 0 ugnens botten och kan ,stracka sig arida fram under aluminiumsmaltan 22, om utrymmet medgiver. I fig. 4 och 5 Or den utformad: som ett U, men den kan ocksa delas i flera fack, om man vid aluminering av smarre gods vill placera tier hallare 27 axeln 26. Med 29 betecknas elektroder for tillforsel av vaxelstrom. Figs. 4 and 5 show another embodiment of the device. As in Fig. 3, the furnace is divided into two sections with the difference, however, that the intermediate wall has consists of a cylinder 25, made of blocks of ceramic mass with a disc 30 of metal, graphite or other conductive material fixed between the blocks. The goods 28 are suspended in holders 27, which are fixed in the shaft 26 through a slide in the cylinder 25. By means of the drive wheel 31, the shaft and cylinder can be driven around. Through the graphite or metal plate 30, the shaft and the fixed fasteners 27 are in constant contact with the aluminum malt 22 and the anode 23. The cathode 24 has been placed at the bottom of the furnace and can extend arid below the aluminum malt 22, if space allows. In Figs. 4 and 5 Or it is designed: as a U, but it can also be divided into several compartments, if you want to place tier holders 27 on the shaft 26 when aluminating smart goods.

Arbetet forsiggar har ph sa satt, att god-set 28 upphanges i hallarna 27. Mir sedan cylindern 25 vrides runt och godset passerar katoden 24, vandrar den elektriska strommen fran aluminiumsmaltan (anoden) genom skivan 30 och axeln ut i hallarna 27 till god-set 28, varvid den elektrolytiska processen mellan godset och katoden 24 kommer till stand. Vid ytterligare kringvridning av cylindern 25 passera gods och hallare aluminiumsmaltan och .darefter avkrokas det sa fardigbehandlade godset och nytt sadant anbringas. Denna anordning medger en kontinuerlig produktion och Or avsedd for sadana fall, dar massproduktion av likartade foremal ifragakommer. The work proceeds so that the goods 28 are suspended in the halls 27. After the cylinder 25 is rotated and the goods pass the cathode 24, the electric current travels from the aluminum malt (anode) through the disc 30 and the shaft out into the halls 27 to the goods 27. set 28, whereby the electrolytic process between the goods and the cathode 24 takes place. When the cylinder 25 is further rotated, the goods and holders pass the aluminum malt and then the finished goods are unhooked and a new one is applied. This device allows continuous production and is intended for such cases where mass production of similar objects is involved.

Samtliga har ovan beskrivna ugnar Oro baserade ph invandig uppvarmning med saltsmaltan som motstand. mom ramen for uppfinningen Or del tankbart att vidtaga andra uppvarmningsanordningar sasom induktion eller uppvarmning utifran medelst olja, gas eller dylikt. All of the ovens described above have Oro based ph internal heating with the salt malt as resistance. within the scope of the invention It is conceivable to take other heating devices such as induction or heating from the outside by means of oil, gas or the like.

Claims

Patent claim:

Salt in the alumination of metal forms, wherein the form is rims through an aluminum malt floating on a salt malt, characterized in that the form is anodic by supplying a rectified electrical strain in relation to a cathode placed in the salt malt, whereby with the salt malt as electrolyte an oxide-releasing and purifying electrolytic process between the foremal and the cathode, before the forenal form through the aluminum malt.

2. - 2. Device for carrying out the set according to claim 1, consisting of a crucible or oven (1, 10, 20) for receiving a salt malt and a darpa of liquid aluminum malt, characterized by a cathode (4, arranged in contact with the salt malt). 14, 24) and an anode (5, 16, 23) arranged in contact with the aluminum malt or suspension means for the Thremal. 2.

Device, according to claim 2, characterized in that the cathode (4) is placed under the aluminum malt in the bottom of the furnace. 3.

Device according to claim 2, characterized in that the furnace (10) is divided into two communicating sections by a separating wall (13) halfway towards the batter from the upper edge of the furnace, the aluminum malt (12) connected to the anode (16) being placed in one section, while the cathode (14) is placed in the other section and consists of plates or cylindrical or other salt-shaped devices, between which a wire, all bands, a cat 'or other interconnected goods Over a roller (19) present under the intermediate wall can be pulled up further through the aluminum malt (12).

Device according to claim 2, characterized in that the furnace (20) is divided into two sections by one. partition wall, which is formed by a rotatable cylinder (25) of ceramic material in the form of blocks, which are mounted on a shaft (26) of metal together with a plate (30) of conductive material arranged between the ceramic blocks, which allows contact between the anodized aluminum malt (22) and conductive holder (27) for the goods (28) emanating from the axis (26) of the cylinder through hl in the cylinder wall, which on rotation of the cylinder is caused to pass near a cathode (located in the lower part of the furnace). 24), after which the goods pass the aluminum malt (22) during continued salt rotation of the cylinder (25). Request publications: