SE175356C1 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- SE175356C1 SE175356C1 SE175356DA SE175356C1 SE 175356 C1 SE175356 C1 SE 175356C1 SE 175356D A SE175356D A SE 175356DA SE 175356 C1 SE175356 C1 SE 175356C1
- Authority
- SE
- Sweden
- Prior art keywords
- saving
- solutions
- fertilizer
- soluble
- elements
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 11
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000272 alkali metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001860 alkaline earth metal hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001639 boron compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002823 nitrates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003929 acidic solution Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 13
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 11
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 8
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 230000029087 digestion Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 208000027219 Deficiency disease Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 229910021538 borax Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- ZCCIPPOKBCJFDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium nitrate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O ZCCIPPOKBCJFDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 4
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000004328 sodium tetraborate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- NGLMYMJASOJOJY-UHFFFAOYSA-O azanium;calcium;nitrate Chemical compound [NH4+].[Ca].[O-][N+]([O-])=O NGLMYMJASOJOJY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 3
- YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;phosphoric acid Chemical compound [Ca+2].OP(O)(O)=O.OP(O)(O)=O YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002426 superphosphate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 244000075850 Avena orientalis Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000007319 Avena orientalis Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 2
- OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium sulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910052939 potassium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 239000004254 Ammonium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000011293 Brassica napus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000008100 Brassica rapa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000000540 Brassica rapa subsp rapa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019739 Dicalciumphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000187656 Eucalyptus cornuta Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 206010024229 Leprosy Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000700159 Rattus Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- LFVGISIMTYGQHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].OP(O)([O-])=O LFVGISIMTYGQHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MXZRMHIULZDAKC-UHFFFAOYSA-L ammonium magnesium phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].[Mg+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O MXZRMHIULZDAKC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000148 ammonium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019289 ammonium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical class OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004327 boric acid Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001506 calcium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- KTVIXTQDYHMGHF-UHFFFAOYSA-L cobalt(2+) sulfate Chemical compound [Co+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O KTVIXTQDYHMGHF-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N diammonium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].OP([O-])([O-])=O MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NEFBYIFKOOEVPA-UHFFFAOYSA-K dicalcium phosphate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NEFBYIFKOOEVPA-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229940038472 dicalcium phosphate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910000390 dicalcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VLCINIKIVYNLPT-UHFFFAOYSA-J dicalcium;hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].OP(O)([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O VLCINIKIVYNLPT-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004679 hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011656 manganese carbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000006748 manganese carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011702 manganese sulphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000007079 manganese sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000016 manganese(II) carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VASIZKWUTCETSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese(II) oxide Inorganic materials [Mn]=O VASIZKWUTCETSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000357 manganese(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GEYXPJBPASPPLI-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Mn]O[Mn]=O GEYXPJBPASPPLI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000885 phytotoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 159000000001 potassium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001120 potassium sulphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011151 potassium sulphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003248 secreting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052567 struvite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000024891 symptom Diseases 0.000 description 1
- NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc sulfate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000011686 zinc sulphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000009529 zinc sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B1/00—Superphosphates, i.e. fertilisers produced by reacting rock or bone phosphates with sulfuric or phosphoric acid in such amounts and concentrations as to yield solid products directly
- C05B1/02—Superphosphates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D9/00—Other inorganic fertilisers
- C05D9/02—Other inorganic fertilisers containing trace elements
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Description
KLASS 16:6 INT. KLASS C 05 d PATENTTID FRAN DEN 24 SEPTEMBER 1953 BEVILJAT DEN 16 MARS 1961 PUBLICERAT DEN 16 MA) 1961 Ans. 8542/1953 den 24/9 1953 FARBWERKE HOECHST AG VORMALS MEISTER LUCIUS ct BRUNING, FRANKFURT A.M.—HOECHST, FORBUNDSREPUBLIKEN TYSKLAND Satt att framstalla sparelementhaltiga kvave-fosforsyra-kali-godselmedel Upprinnare: A Biederbeck, H Banthien och F Moosbrugger Prioritet begard iron den 24 september 1952 (Forbundsrepubliken Tyskland) Man liar ma.nga ganger iakttagit att de genom mineralgodsling efterstravade hoga avkastningarna sarskilt under de senaste aren ofta joke uppnatts och att vaxterna dessutom skilja sig ifraga om sift utseende fran friska vaxter pa ett sadant satt, att •de maste anses vara sjuka, ehuru markens forsorjning med havudnaringsamnen och organiska amnen iii tillracklig. &Adana sjukdomar hos vaxter och frukter betecknas med »bristsjukdoman och flera typiska sjuklighetsbilder kunna hanf 8- ras till hrist pa bestamda sparelement. Genom gOdsling med de felande sparelementen, t. ex. i form av dessas salter, kunna sjukdomarna hos vaxterna havas. For att exempelvis avldgs- naoch torrOta pa rovor anvandes borax. for avlagsnande av graflacksjuka hos havre mangansulf at, vid gulspetssjuka kopparsulfat, vidare borax och zinksulfat for frukttrad. Tillsatserna avpassas emellertid i regel for bestamda bristsjukdomar hos vaxterna och forhallandevis stora mangder av sparelementsalter maste anvandas, for att mob. bristsjukdomarna. Dd ofta efter tillsats av det mot sjukdomssymptomen svarande sparelementet vaxterna till slit yttre joke langre skilj a sig frail friska vaxter, har ofta antagits, att ett bestamt sparelement som tillsats till den Ovriga godseln endast erfordras ibland. Det är ifraga oin sparelementtillsatserna kant att till godselblandningarna satta 18sliga eller ol5sliga f5reningar i fast form, t. ex. MnSO4, MnCO3, Mn203, MnO eller motsvarande f5reningar av koppar, zink osv. Darvid uppnas I allmanhet endast ett fordelningstillstand av sparelementen i godselblandningen motsvarande malningsfinheten eller kristallstorleken. CLASS 16: 6 INT. CLASS C 05 d PATENT PERIOD FROM 24 SEPTEMBER 1953 GRANTED ON 16 MARCH 1961 PUBLISHED ON 16 MAY) 1961 Ans. 8542/1953 of 24/9 1953 FARBWERKE HOECHST AG FORMAL MEISTER LUCIUS ct BRUNING, FRANKFURT AM — HOECHST, FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF GERMANY Set to produce saving element-containing nitrogen-phosphoric acid-potassium-fertilizer Originator September 1952 (Federal Republic of Germany) It has often been observed that the high yields sought by mineral fertilizers, especially in recent years, have often been joked and that the plants also differ in terms of appearance from healthy plants in such a way that • they must is considered sick, although the supply of the soil with the marine nutrients and organic substances iii is sufficient. & Adana diseases of plants and fruits are denoted by »deficiency disease and several typical morbidity can be had 8 shaken at certain saving elements. By fertilizing with the missing saving elements, e.g. in the form of their salts, the diseases of the plants can be had. For example, borax was used to remove and dry turnips. for the removal of graphite disease in oats manganese sulphate, in the case of yellow-spotted copper sulphate, further borax and zinc sulphate for fruit trees. However, the additives are generally adapted for certain deficiency diseases of the plants and relatively large amounts of saving element salts must be used in order to mob. the deficiency diseases. Dd often after the addition of the saving element corresponding to the disease symptoms the plants to wear outer joke longer differ frail healthy plants, it has often been assumed that a certain saving element as an addition to the Other goods is only sometimes required. It is out of the question of the saving element additives to add to the mixture of goods 18 soluble or insoluble compounds in solid form, e.g. MnSO4, MnCO3, Mn203, MnO or equivalent compounds of copper, zinc, etc. In this case, in general, only a state of distribution of the saving elements in the goods mixture corresponding to the grinding fineness or the crystal size is achieved.
Det dr awn kant att tillsatta sparelementforeningarna i form av karbonater under framstallningen av fosfatgodselmedel vid uppslutningen av rafosfatet med syra, varvid en god fordelning _av sparelementforeningarna erhalles i det framstallda sura godselmedlet. Vid delta forfarande foreligga emellertid sparelementen i vattenloslig form samt utfallas och fasthallas vid anvandande av godselmedlet pa stiandigt kalkhaltaga och hasutbytestenagna jordar som svarl5sliga hydroxider oIler emu basiska fosfater. The advantage is that the saving element compounds in the form of carbonates are added during the production of phosphate fertilizers when the electrophosphate is digested with acid, whereby a good distribution of the saving element compounds is obtained in the acidic acid produced. In this process, however, the saving elements are in water-soluble form and precipitate and are retained when using the fertilizer on permanently calcareous and hash-substituted soils such as soluble hydroxides or basic phosphates.
Foremalet for foreliggande uppfinning dr att framstalla och anvanda sparelementen saval i hogdispers form som i en sadan form, att de forbli rorliga i marken och upptagbara for vaxterna, i kombination med beledsagande kvave, fosfater och kalisalter saint i neutral form. Darvid foreligga sparelementforeningarna i vasentligt ringare koncentration an vad som tidigare ansetts nodvandigt for att g8ra anvandandet av sparelement framgangsrikt i avsikt att erhalla en kraftig och full verkan. Darjamte erhalles med uppfinningen den fordelen, att genom den ringa mangden av de i citratloslig form befintliga mikroelementen en fytotoxisk verkan helt undvikes, bestaende skador undvikas och avkastn.ingsminskning avensom bristsjukdomar f orebyggas. The object of the present invention is to produce and use the saving elements both in high dispersion form and in such a form that they remain mobile in the soil and absorbable by the plants, in combination with accompanying nitrogen, phosphates and potassium salts in neutral form. In this case, the savings element associations are in a substantially lower concentration than what was previously considered necessary in order to make the use of savings elements successful in order to obtain a strong and full effect. In addition, the invention has the advantage that due to the small amount of the microelements present in citrate-soluble form, a phytotoxic effect is completely avoided, existing damage is avoided and yield reduction due to deficiency diseases is prevented.
Losliga sparelementsalter inr5ras salunda enligt uppfinningen sasom vattenlosningar i sadana sura uppslutningsblandningar eller uppslutningslOsningar, vilka innehalla nitrater och fosforsyra eller vattenlosliga fosfater och darjamte salpetersyra och eventuellt saltsyra eller svavelsyra avensora kalium, som al- 2— — ternativt tillsattas efter nedan namnda neutralisation och eventuellt kalcium, natrium och magnesium. Genom behandling med ammoniak, alkalimetall- eller jordalkalimetallhydroxider installer man dessa uppslutningsblandningar eller uppslutningsl8sningar av godselmedlet pa ett pH av 5-6 och tillsatter borforeningar fore eller efter neutralisationen samt granulerar slutligen losningen. Soluble sparing element salts are thus incorporated according to the invention as aqueous solutions in such acidic digestion mixtures or digestion solutions, which contain nitrates and phosphoric acid or water-soluble phosphates and thereupon nitric acid and optionally hydrochloric acid or sulfuric acid avensora potassium, which is optionally added or sodium and magnesium. By treatment with ammonia, alkali metal or alkaline earth metal hydroxides, these digestion mixtures or digestion solutions of the fertilizer are installed at a pH of 5-6 and boron compounds are added before or after the neutralization and the granulation is finally granulated.
Vid delta neutralisationsforlopp bildas sparelementens vatehaltiga fosfater i hogdispers och citratloslig form i forening med de samtidigt utfallande eller uppkommande vatehaltiga fosfaterna av kalcium, magnesium, ammonium eller kalium osv. During delta neutralization processes, the aqueous phosphates of the saving elements are formed in hog dispersion and citrate-soluble form in combination with the simultaneously precipitating or emerging aqueous phosphates of calcium, magnesium, ammonium or potassium, etc.
Vandringshastigheten hos sadana hogdispersa och citratlosliga sparelement i akerjorden är ungeffir lika hog som vandringshastigheten hos dikalciumvatefosfatet eller magnesiumammoniumfosfatet. De i vatten svarlOsliga vätehaltiga fosfaterna av sparelementen fiirandras icke i jorden och nagon adsorption yid basutbytande bestandsdelar i jorden intrader ej. I jordzonen med livlig bakterieverkan och i omradet for de syrautskiljande rotterna losas sparelementfosfaten och forbrukas fOr biosyntes. The migration rate of such highly dispersed and citrate-soluble saving elements in arable soil is approximately as high as the migration rate of the dicalcium hydrogen phosphate or magnesium ammonium phosphate. The water-soluble hydrogen-containing phosphates of the saving elements do not mix in the soil and no adsorption on base-exchanging constituents in the soil does not enter. In the soil zone with a lively bacterial action and in the area of the acid-secreting rats, the saving element phosphate is released and consumed for biosynthesis.
Sasom exemplen visa, mojliggores framstallningen av finfOrdelade, i vatten svarlOsliga sparelementforeningar jamte salterna av fosforsyra, salpetersyra och borsyra genom det har fOrklarade forfarandet. Sadana finfordelade citratlosliga sparelementforeningar forhli vid upplosning av hela godselsalthlandningen i jorden fullt rorliga och fasthallas icke, sasom fallet fir t. ex. med grova kristaller av koppar-, mangan-, zink- eller koboltsulf at genom utfallning vid kalkhaltiga alkaliska bestandsdelar av jorden. As the examples show, the preparation of finely divided, water-soluble sparing element compounds together with the salts of phosphoric acid, nitric acid and boric acid is made possible by the process explained. Such finely divided citrate-free sparing element compounds remain completely mobile during dissolution of the entire fertilizer salt landing in the soil and are not retained, as is the case for e.g. with coarse crystals of copper, manganese, zinc or cobalt sulphate by precipitation on calcareous alkaline constituents of the soil.
I godselmedlen enligt fiireliggande uppfinning foreligga sparelementen sasom citratlosliga fOreningar och under inkluderande av bor avpassade i forhallande till varandra; viktforhallandet uppgar till 5-10 delar Mn : 36 delar B : 2-4 delar Cu : 1-2 delar Zn : 0,08 0,8 delar Co. In the fertilizers according to the present invention, the saving elements are present as citrate-soluble compounds and including boron adapted in relation to each other; the weight ratio is 5-10 parts Mn: 36 parts B: 2-4 parts Cu: 1-2 parts Zn: 0.08 0.8 parts Co.
Verkan av de hogdisperst och citratlosligt i s. Ii. NPK-g6dselmedel forekommande sparelementforeningarna är st6rre an verkan av de lOsliga sparelementforeningarna i kristallin, grovdispers eller i vatten lost form, sa att besparingar erhallas ifraga om sparelementforeningarna. Ax detta skal erfordras av sparelementen endast halter Mr vartdera av 0,0020,25 %, raknat pa totalvikten av huvudnaringsamnena N, P20-, K20, under det att vanliga doser av de namnda mikroelementen och ay bar utgora vardera upp till 1 % raknat pa crodselmedlets vikt. Effect of the highly dispersed and citrate-free in p. Ii. The NPK fertilizer associations occur in the crystalline, coarse-dispersed or in water-dissolved form, so that savings are obtained from the savings element associations. If this is required by the saving elements only contents Mr each of 0.0020.25%, based on the total weight of the main nutrients N, P20-, K20, while ordinary doses of the said microelements and ay should each amount to up to 1% based on the weight of the crucible.
De enligt uppfinningen angivna mangderna av sparelement i NPK-godselmedlet aro mycket val tillraekliga yid en fullgodsling motsvarande omkring 60 kg N/hektar for att tacka de genom skordens bottagande frfin marken avlagsnade verksamma mangderna sparelemerit och darover Ater nagot komplettera halten av sparelement. Detta erfordras eftersom med varje skord en ringa mangd sparelement definitivt bortfores fran jorden och de genom de naturliga processerna avseende forvittring fran stenar i marken etc., kalk och g8dselmedel frigjorda sparelementmangderna uppenbarligen lake aro tillrackliga for att tacka bristen; en del av sparelementen gar dessutom bort genom uttvattning i de undre liggande delarna av jorden. The amounts of saving elements according to the invention in the NPK fertilizer are very sufficient for a complete fertilizer corresponding to about 60 kg N / hectare to thank the effective amounts of sparelemerite removed by the bottoming of the insects and moreover to supplement the content of saving elements. This is necessary because with each harvest a small amount of saving elements is definitively removed from the earth and the amounts of lime and fertilizers released by the natural processes of weathering from rocks in the ground, etc., are obviously sufficient to cover the shortage; some of the saving elements also go away by dewatering in the lower lying parts of the earth.
Sparelementkoncentrationerna maste darfOr hallas sa, att visserligen skordarnas arliga behov tackes i tillracklig grad, men inga storre overskott stanna kvar i jorden. The savings element concentrations must therefore be kept so that, although the annual needs of the harvests are adequately met, no major surpluses remain in the soil.
Eftersom foretradesvis alla de viktigaste sparelementen aro inarbetade i NPK-godselmedlet och deras mangder pa liknande salt sasom huvudnaringsamnena kvave, fosforsyra och kali avpassas efter det genomsnittliga he-hovel av kulturvaxterna ger foreliggande uppfinning ett hogeffektivt och efter den stegrade avkastningen avpassat fullg8dselmedel. Preferably, since all of the major savings elements are incorporated into the NPK fertilizer and their amounts of similar salt as the main nutrients nitrogen, phosphoric acid and potassium are adapted to the average level of the crop, the present invention provides a highly efficient and adaptable fertilizer.
Exempel 1. 100 kg av en fosforsyra, fri salpetersyra och kalksalpeter innehallande fosfatuppslutningslosning med 26 % 1100, 16,5 % P20, 7,8 % N (sasom nitrat) och i runt tal 10-11 % CaO (som kalksalpeter) forsattas med 1480 g av en 16sning av 800 g MnSO4, 500 g CuSO4-5H20. 500 g ZnSO4 7H20, 100 g COSO4 • 7H20 i 2000 g vatten och neutraliseras under avdunstning av vatten kontinuerligt med ammoniakgas vid ett pH av 4,0. Den specifika vikten hos kvavefosfathlandningen uppgar under denna neutralisation till omkring 1,65 vid 8° C. Example 1. 100 kg of a phosphoric acid, free nitric acid and lime nitrate containing phosphate digestion solution with 26% 1100, 16.5% P 2 O, 7.8% N (such as nitrate) and in about 10-11% CaO (as lime nitrate) are added 1480 g of a solution of 800 g of MnSO 4, 500 g of CuSO 4 -5H 2 O. 500 g ZnSO 4 7H 2 O, 100 g COSO 4 • 7H 2 O in 2000 g water and neutralized with evaporation of water continuously with ammonia gas at a pH of 4.0. The specific gravity of the nitrogen phosphate landing during this neutralization is about 1.65 at 8 ° C.
Till denna blandning sattes en 90° C varm losning av 375 g Na2B40710H20 i 450 g vatten eller losta i 1000 g 60-procentig NH4NO3-18sning, och den sa behandlade blandningen nentraliseras med ammoniakgas till pH 6,0. Den slutligen erhallna blandningen har en temperatur av 110-115° C och blandas med 60 g kaliumsulfat av 49/50 % K20 samt kornas och torkas. To this mixture was added a 90 ° C hot solution of 375 g of Na 2 B 4 O 7 10 H 2 O in 450 g of water or solution in 1000 g of 60% NH 4 NO 3 18 solution, and the thus treated mixture was neutralized with ammonia gas to pH 6.0. The mixture finally obtained has a temperature of 110-115 ° C and is mixed with 60 g of potassium sulphate of 49/50% K 2 O and granulated and dried.
Det fardiga godseIsaltet (132 kg) innehhller i runt tal 12 % N, 12 % P20, 18 % K20 och 0,08 % Mn, 0,035 % Cu, 0,031 % Zn, 0,0058 % Co, 0,0315 % B. The finished goods salt (132 kg) contains in round numbers 12% N, 12% P 2 O, 18% K 2 O and 0.08% Mn, 0.035% Cu, 0.031% Zn, 0.0058% Co, 0.0315% B.
Metallerna Mn, Cu, Zn och Co inga i godselsaltet i form av majligast finfordelade yatehaltiga fosfater vid sidan av dikalciumfosfat och ammoniumfosfat samt borax som sadant I molekylart fordelad, citratloslig form. The metals Mn, Cu, Zn and Co are not present in the goods salt in the form of the finest finely divided yate-containing phosphates in addition to dicalcium phosphate and ammonium phosphate and borax as such in molecularly distributed, citrate-soluble form.
Exempel 2. Example 2.
Man forfar liksom i exempel 1 men med det undantaget att ytterligare 375 g borax losta i 450 g varmt vatten tillforas fosfatuppslut- - 3 ningslOsningen vid 20° C alldeles fore neutralisationen med ammoniak. The procedure is as in Example 1, except that an additional 375 g of borax solution in 450 g of hot water is added to the phosphate digestion solution at 20 DEG C. just before the neutralization with ammonia.
Jamforelseoversikt. Comparison overview.
Jordman: Sand FOrsoksobjekt: Sommarkorn Sktordeaykastning i g for.yarje Sam_ fihstikskhrl maniagt Korn Halm Ogodslat0,07 3,4 4,1 NPK0,9 26,4 27,3 NPK -F spArelement som salter15,3 39,1 54,4 FullgOdselmedel enl. ex- empel 123,4 38,8 62,2 NPK + Ca8,8 28,6 37,4 NPK MgSO4 + Ca*10,1 34,9 45,0 NPK + Ca* + CuSO413,1 34,8 47,9 NPK -E- Ca* ± MnSO47,8 31,0 38,8 NPK Ca* + Na2B40,8,9 31,9 40,8 NPK sparelement som salter20,1 42,4 62, Fullgodselmedel enl. ex- empel 1 (uppkalkat)24,8 47,1 71,9 Forsokskarl: Mitscherlich Vid samtliga forsokskarl samma markmangd (Ca 7 Izejkarl) och samma vfixttal. Naringsamnesmangder: Per kdr1 1,2 g N 1,2 g 13202 2,16 g K20 * Ca som CaCO2 Faltforsok 1. Jordman: Sand Forsoksobjekt: Sommarkorn Sktordeaykastning ig for.yarje Sam_ fihstikskhrl maniagt Korn Halm Ogodslat0,07 3,4 4,1 NPK0,9 26,4 27,3 NPK -F spArelement som salter15,3 39,1 54,4 FullgOdselmedel enl . Example 123.4 38.8 62.2 NPK + Ca8.8 28.6 37.4 NPK MgSO4 + Ca * 10.1 34.9 45.0 NPK + Ca * + CuSO413.1 34.8 47, 9 NPK -E- Ca * ± MnSO47.8 31.0 38.8 NPK Ca * + Na2B40.8.9 31.9 40.8 NPK saving elements such as salts20.1 42.4 62, Complete goods according to Example 1 (whitewashed) 24.8 47.1 71.9 Researcher: Mitscherlich In all researchers the same amount of soil (Approx. 7 Izejkarl) and the same vfixttal. Nutritional amounts: Per kdr1 1.2 g N 1.2 g 13202 2.16 g K20 * Ca as CaCO2 Field test 1.
I. Jordman: SandII. Jordman: Lera Forsoksobjekt:Forsoksobjekt: HavreVintervete III. Jordman: Lera Porsoksobjekt: Sommarkorn. I. Jordman: SandII. Jordman: Lera Forsoksobjekt: Forsoksobjekt: HavreVintervete III. Jordman: Clay Porcelain object: Summer grain.
Skord i deciton per Godslinghar Korn Halm Jordlott I. Ogodslat15,44 34,46 Fullgodsel enl. exem- pel 1*27,78 55,62 NPK** spfirelement som salter25,66 46,04 Jordlott IL Ogodslat21,72 45,88 Fullgodsel enl. exem- pel 1*39,1270, NPK** sparelement som salter32,92 67,60 Jordlott III. Ogodslat15,68 25,92 Fullgodsel enl. exem- pel 1*29,04 37,48 NPK** sparelement som salter25,96 37,76 * Vid samtliga forsok gays ay foljande mangder rena naringsamnen: 60 kg/har N 60 kg/har P,0 107,5 kg/har K20. Skord i deciton per Godslinghar Korn Halm Jordlott I. Ogodslat15,44 34,46 Fullgodsel enl. example 1 * 27.78 55.62 NPK ** spire elements as salts25.66 46.04 Jordlott IL Ogodslat21,72 45.88 Fullgodsel acc. example 1 * 39.1270, NPK ** saving elements such as salts32.92 67.60 Land lot III. Ogodslat15.68 25.92 Fullgodsel acc. Example 1 * 29.04 37.48 NPK ** saving elements such as salts25.96 37.76 * In all experiments the following amounts of pure nutrients are given: 60 kg / have N 60 kg / have P .0 107.5 kg / has K20.
** N som kalkammoniumsalpeter P,O, som superfosfat. K20 som K2S02. ** N as calcium ammonium nitrate P, O, as superphosphate. K20 as K2SO2.
GOdsling Faltforsok 2. med godselmedel enligt exempel 1 for havre Jordman: Extrem sand pH:6,9 Godsling Skiird 1 deciton/har KornHalm Kornavkastping. lake gildsl. -- 100 % Korn/Halm Jordlott 1 Ogodslat Jordlott 2 60 kg/har N som kalkammoniumsalpeter 60 kg/har P202 som superfosfat 107,5 kg/har K20 som K2S02 Jordlott 3 Godselmedelel enl. exempel 1 Jordlott 4 GOdsling sasom i jordlott 2 -I- sparelement som salter ekvivalenta med godselmedlet enl. exempel 1. 15,4434,461001: 2,23 20,5456,76133,161: 2,76 27,7855,62180,01: 2,00 25,6646,04166,321: 1,79 Huvudnaringsamnena for jordlotterna 3 och 4 motsvara dem i jordlott 2. Den hogre skorden i jordlott 3 1 fOrhallande till jordlotterna 2 och 4 beror pa sparelementen och ,deras spedella bindningsform. Fertilizer Faltforsok 2. with fertilizer according to example 1 for oats Soil: Extreme sand pH: 6.9 Fertilizer Skiird 1 deciton / har KornHalm Kornavkastping. lake gildsl. - 100% Grain / Straw Plot 1 Uncultivated Plot 2 60 kg / has N as calcium ammonium nitrate 60 kg / has P202 as superphosphate 107.5 kg / has K20 as K2S02 Plot 3 Part of fertilizer acc. example 1 Lot 4 GOdsling as in lot 2 -I- saving elements such as salts equivalent to the fertilizer acc. Example 1. 15,4434,461001: 2,23 20,5456,76133,161: 2,76 27,7855,62180,01: 2,00 25,6646,04166,321: 1,79 The main nutrients for the plots 3 and 4 correspond to those in parcels 2. The right harvest in parcels 3 1 Relating to parcels 2 and 4 depends on the saving elements and, their leprosy bonding form.
— — FaltforsOk 3; - med gOdselmedel enligt exempel 1 for vintervete Jord: 1. Lera pH:6,9 Godsling Sktird I deciton/bar KornHa lm Kornavkast- rung. k god s'. =ko 100 % Korn/Halm Jordlott 1 Ogiidslat 21,72 45,88 100,0 1: 2,1 Jordlott 2 60 kg/har N som kalkamoniumsalpeter 60 kg/har P20 som superfosfat 107,5 kg/har 1(20 som K2SO4 29,48 66,24 135,7 1: 2,24 Jordlott 3 Godselmedel enl. exempel 1 39,12 70,180,1 1: 1,80 Jordlott 4 Godsling som i jordlott 2 + sparelement som salter ekvivalenta med gOdselmed- let enl. exempel 1 32,92 67,60 151,1: 2,04 Huvudnaringsamnena for jordlotterna 3 och 4 motsvara dem i jordlott 2. Den. hogre slaw-den i jordlott 3 gentemot jordlotterna 2 och 4 beror ptt sparelementen och deras speciella bindningsform. - - FaltforsOk 3; - with fertilizer according to example 1 for winter wheat Soil: 1. Clay pH: 6.9 Fertilization Sktird I deciton / bar KornHa lm Kornvkastrung. k god s'. = cow 100% Grain / Straw Plot 1 Ogiidslat 21.72 45.88 100.0 1: 2.1 Plot 2 60 kg / has N as calcium ammonium nitrate 60 kg / has P20 as superphosphate 107.5 kg / has 1 (20 as K2SO4 29,48 66,24 135,7 1: 2,24 Land lot 3 Fertilizer according to example 1 39,12 70,180,1 1: 1,80 Land lot 4 Fertilization as in lot 2 + saving elements such as salts equivalent to the fertilizer according to Example 1 32.92 67.60 151.1: 2.04 The main nutrients for plots 3 and 4 correspond to those in plot 2. The right slaw in plot 3 relative to plots 2 and 4 depends on the saving elements and their special bonding shape.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| WO1991009818A1 (en) * | 1990-01-04 | 1991-07-11 | Danneskiold Samsoee Otto | Micronutrient fertilizer composition |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1991009818A1 (en) * | 1990-01-04 | 1991-07-11 | Danneskiold Samsoee Otto | Micronutrient fertilizer composition |
| LT3610B (en) | 1990-01-04 | 1995-12-27 | Danneskiold Samsoe Otto | Micronutrient fertilizer composition |
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