LT3610B - Micronutrient fertilizer composition - Google Patents

Abstract

A micronutrient fertilizer composition in the form of dry aggregate bodies, the fertilizer composition being adapted to be mixed with a macronutrient fertilizer composition, each aggregate body comprising salts of at least two metals selected from the group consisting Cu, Mn, Zn, Co and Mo as well as at least one water-soluble nitrate which is not in the form of a salt of the above-mentioned metals, the ratio between micronutrients and macronutrients in the micronutrient fertilizer composition being substantially above the ratio in which the micronutrients and macronutrients in question are required by crop plants; a method for preparing the micronutrient fertilizer composition; solid micronutrient fertilizer composition containing the micronutrient fertilizer composition; and a method for fertilizing crops using the micronutrient fertilizer composition. The composition is easily applied to crops or soil together with standard commercial macronutrient fertilizers and is readily soluble in water and easily absorbed by crop plants.

Description

The present invention relates to a solid mixture of miro-elemental fertilizers consisting of trace elements in the form of metal salts together with at least one water-soluble nitrate, to a method for preparing a mixture of micro-nutrient fertilizers and to a crop fertilizer using a micro-nutrient mixture.

In the field of agriculture, it is well known that optimal plant development depends on proper supply of various necessary nutrients. The lack of just one essential nutrient, which may be needed in very small quantities for proper growth, can lead to poor growth, symptoms of nutrient deficiency and dramatically reduced yields. Even if the plants received all the necessary nutrients in optimum amounts, obtaining one nutrient at a suboptimal level can become a limiting factor, seriously delaying plant development.

On the other hand, it is less well known how to provide a variety of trace elements so that the plants receive them in the right quantities, thereby ensuring optimal growth, while ensuring the presentation of the trace elements in a form that allows their practical and economic use. Thus, the lack of practical and economical use of already available micronutrients, eg for arable crops, may result in the crop receiving suboptimal amounts of certain necessary micronutrients.

Standard macronutrient fertilizers, such as nitrogenous fertilizers or N-P-K fertilizers, often do not contain many of the required micronutrients, although this may not cause any visible problems as many soils have some reserves of these micronutrients. However, if the soil is not replenished with these micronutrients, over time the micronutrient reserves will be depleted and lower yields will be obtained. Therefore, it is necessary to provide the necessary trace elements on a regular basis to maintain optimal plant growth and maximum yield. However, in practice this often poses some problems as it often proves difficult to apply the available fertilizer mixtures to plants and also meets the requirement of being relatively inexpensive and easy to use.

And yes, the micronutrient fertilizer mixture must meet the following criteria to ensure the best effect and optimal plant growth:

(1) it should contain a range of necessary micronutrients, preferably all the necessary micronutrients which are not present in the soil;

(2) it should be formulated and applied in such a way as to ensure the best possible absorption of the trace elements by the plants;

, 3). It should be applied at the appropriate time depending on the growth of the plant, i.e., especially at the beginning of the crop growth cycle and when the soil temperature is at least about 5 ° C; and

4) It is desirable that it can be used in combination with standard commercial nitrogenous or N-P-K fertilizers and that it be relatively inexpensive.

Mixtures of micronutrient fertilizers are known and are described in the following patent documents:

DK-C-102527 (1965), US-A-3635691 (1972), DK-C-100822 (1965),

SE-C-175356 (1961), GB-A-825612, NO-B-146742 (1982).

However, the micronutrient fertilizers described therein do not fully meet the requirements for them.

It has now been discovered that cereals can be supplied simply and inexpensively with an appropriate mixture of micronutrients required in the form of new solid micronutrient fertilizers, in the form of metal salts in the form of salts with at least one water-soluble nitrate.

In one aspect of the invention there is provided a dry aggregate micronutrient fertilizer blend suitable for blending with a macronutrient fertilizer blend, wherein each portion of the aggregate comprises at least two salts selected from the group consisting of 1000-8000 g Cu 100-e kg without any binder. -3000 g Mn per 100 kg of mixture without any binder, 150-2500 g Zn per 100 kg of mixture without any binder, 5-100 g Co per 100 kg of mixture without any binder 10-300 g Mo 100- e kg of the mixture, excluding any binder, as well as the ratio of at least one water-soluble nitrate, other than the above-mentioned metal salt, to the micronutrients and macronutrients in the micronutrient fertilizer mixture at significantly higher ratios than the micronutrients and macronutrients required for cereals.

A second aspect of the present invention is directed to a method of preparing a dry aggregate micronutrient fertilizer composition adapted for admixture with a macronutrient fertilizer mixture comprising dry mixing without any significant addition of water of at least two metals selected from the group consisting of Cu, Mn, Zn, Co and Mo salts as at least one water soluble nitrate which is not in the form of a salt of said metals, said salts and said nitrate in the form of a powder having a ratio of trace elements to macronutrients significantly greater than the ratio required by the micronutrients and macronutrients and mixing the resulting micronutrient mixture with a binder to form said dry mixture of micronutrient fertilizers.

A third aspect of the present invention relates to a solid fertilizer mixture comprising the aforementioned solid micronutrient fertilizer mixture as the first component and a solid macronutrient fertilizer mixture comprising at least N, P and / or K as the second component.

A fourth aspect of the present invention is directed to a method of fertilizing a crop comprising applying the above-mentioned fertilizer or the above-mentioned micronutrient fertilizer mixture to a crop or soil.

The micronutrient fertilizer mixture according to the present invention satisfies all of the above criteria, i.e. Contains some or all of the essential micronutrients in the form of · effective absorption, easily applied at the required time with, for example, standard commercial nitrogenous or N-P-K fertilizers, and composed of relatively inexpensive micronutrient compounds. In addition, as shown in the examples below, the value of the new micronutrient fertilizer mixture was demonstrated by significantly increased yields in field trials over several years.

The terms micronutrient fertilizer mixture and the fertilizer mixture of the invention refer to the aforementioned mixtures consisting of trace elements in the form of metal salts, together with at least one water-soluble nitrate. It is clear that the mixture will also contain nitrogen and will also typically have a certain amount of various macronutrients, but the ratio of micronutrients to macronutrients in the fertilizer mixture will be b

much higher than the ratio at which the nutrients in question are needed by cereals. In other words, the micronutrient fertilizer mixture of the present invention is not intended to be used alone as an exclusive crop fertilizer, but preferably in combination with, for example, commercial macronutrient fertilizer. Because the amounts of different micronutrients needed by different plants can vary, micronutrients are by definition nutrients that are only needed in very small amounts, and these amounts are in the range. The following quantities of macronutrients and micronutrients per hectare per year are required for arable crops:

Macronutrients Micronutrients

N 40-250 kg Fe 100-10000 g P 8-40 kg B 5-500 g K 25-220 kg Cu 10-75 g s 4-80 kg Mn 20-600 g Mg 5-100 kg Z n 10-500 g Ca. 10-180 kg Co. 1-10 g Mo 0.5-10 g Well 2-40 kg Based on in these above submitted nutrient me

in the mixture of micronutrients and macronutrients in a mixture of micronutrient fertilizers substantially higher than the ratio of micronutrients to macronutrients in cereal crops indicates that the specific ratio of micronutrients to macronutrients in the mixture is at least twice that of the micronutrients in question. are needed for plants, more typically at least 10 times that ratio, more typically at least 20 times the diLT 3610 B law for this ratio, more typically at least 50 times that ratio, such as at least 100 times that ratio, which will be apparent from the quantities above and from what is described herein, based on the individual elements as in the examples.

Although the fertilizer mixture may in some cases be used alone, it is particularly suitable for use as a fertilizer; addition of standard macronutrient fertilizers, such as N-P-K fertilizers or nitrogenous fertilizers, as these fertilizers are not, as a rule, expected to provide essential micronutrients.

The term macronutrient mixture refers to a standard fertilizer composition adapted to provide one or more important macronutrients, especially N, P, and / or K. Fertilizers such as commercial NPK fertilizers or nitrogen fertilizers are applied in relatively large quantities to cereals or soil, to meet the plant's essential nutrient needs. However, as explained above, these often do not contain many of the essential micronutrients, or they are in a form that prevents the plants from absorbing them in sufficient quantities.

The expression water-soluble nitrate refers to a nitrate that is readily soluble in water. The water-soluble nitrates used in the present invention will continue to be those which are acceptable in agriculture. Specifically, the nitrate soluble in the deck may be an alkali metal nitrate, such as sodium nitrate, potassium nitrate or calcium nitrate, or ammonium nitrate. The fertilizer mixture of the present invention may contain two or more such water soluble nitrates as other water soluble nitrates not mentioned herein, such as calcium ammonium nitrate.

As mentioned above, the fertilizer composition of the present invention is composed of at least two metals selected from the group consisting of Cu, Mn, Zn, Co and Mo salts. However, since all of these metals belong to the group of essential trace elements, the fertilizer mixture will generally contain at least three salts of these metals, still more typically 4 salts of these metals. A particularly suitable mixture of fertilizers is one consisting of all five metal salts.

In addition to the above-mentioned trace elements, it may be desirable to incorporate certain other important trace elements into the composition of the present invention. It may be B, Fe, Cl, Na and possibly Se, Rb, Ag, Ti and V. It may be particularly desirable to incorporate the boron-containing and / or iron-salt in the fertilizer mixture, since both of these elements are essential micronutrients. missing in some cases. It may then be necessary to incorporate in the fertilizer mixture certain elements which are not expected to be necessary for most plant species but are essential for man and animals, such as selenium.

One skilled in the art will appreciate that the exact content of various trace elements in a mixture of micronutrient fertilizers may vary depending on factors such as the type of soil in which the crop is grown, the climate and the particular micronutrient mixture required based on these and other factors. It is therefore difficult to provide general guidance on the specific amounts of the various nutrients that will be present in the fertilizer mixture in all cases. However, such amounts (calculated on the basis of the weight of the nutrients (atom) in question) are provided as general non-limiting instructions that are expected to apply to different soils, crops and climates. The specific amounts of the various trace elements may be determined in a particular case by one of skill in the art, for example, based on soil and / or plant nutrient analysis, taking into account other factors mentioned above.

When the fertilizer composition of the present invention contains a copper compound, the typical amount of Cu will be about 2000-5000 g, more typically about 1000-8000 g, per 100 kg of the micronutrient mixture without any binder. When the fertilizer mixture of the present invention contains manganese, the typical amount of Mn will be substantially lost in the range of about 500-3000 g, such as about 1000-2000 g

100 kg of micronutrient mixture without any binder. When the zinc compound is present in the fertilizer mixture of the present invention, the typical amount of Zn will be about 150-2500 g, such as about 300-1500 g per 100 e kg of micronutrient fertilizer mixture, excluding any binder. When the compound of the present invention contains a molybdenum compound, the specific Mo content will be more typically about 10-300 g, such as about 20-150 g per 100 kg of the micronutrient mixture,

- excluding any binder. When cobalt is present in the compound of the invention, the typical amount of Co will be about 5-100 g, such as about 10-50 g per 100 kg of micronutrient fertilizer mixture, excluding any binder.

Further, when the boron-containing compound is present in the fertilizer mixture of the present invention, the typical amount of B will be about 100-7000 g, more typically about 500-4000 g, such as about 1000-2000 g per 100 kg of micronutrient mixture without any binder. When Fe is present in the fertilizer mixture of the invention, the typical iron content will be about 100-6000 g, more typically about 500-3500 g, such as about 750-1750 g per 100 kg of the micronutrient mixture without any binder.

Similarly, it is difficult to provide general guidance on the specific amounts of water-soluble nitrate used again due to the variables mentioned above. However, in most cases, the appropriate amount of N (calculated as pure N) in the form of one or more water-soluble nitrates is expected to be about 500-25000 g, typically about 100-15000 g, such as about 2000-10000 g per 100 kg of micronutrient fertilizer. not counting any binder.

In connection with the amounts of various trace elements and N0 ₃ -N mentioned above, one skilled in the art will appreciate that the amount of the micronutrient fertilizer mixture applied to the soil or plants must be selected according to the amounts of various nutrients in the fertilizer mixture. are important for growth when used in small amounts, they can harm or even be toxic to plants if applied in excessive amounts.

As mentioned above, the micronutrient mixture will contain certain macronutrients in addition to the micronutrient group. One is obviously N, since the fertilizer mixture consists of at least one water-soluble nitrate. In addition, the fertilizer mixture will usually contain one or more of the macronutrients S, P, Mg, Ca and K, such as diammonium phosphate, potassium phosphate, potassium chloride, potassium sulphate and / or magnesium sulphate.

The metal salts of the fertilizer mixture of the present invention typically include sulfates, nitrates and / or oxides. The metal salts may also be in the form of halides (e.g. chlorides), hydrosulphates, carbonates and / or bicarbonates. In addition, copper may be present in the fertilizer mixture, e.g., in the form of copper oxychloride, and molybdenum, e.g., in the form of ammonium molybdate.

Specifically, one or two metal salts will often be sulfate, since a number of the above-mentioned metal sulfate salts are relatively inexpensive and it has been shown that the desired results can be achieved with such sulfates.

nauLT 3610 B

Thus, a more suitable fertilizer composition according to the present invention comprises at least copper sulfate or copper oxychloride, manganese sulfate and zinc sulfate.

The fertilizer composition of the present invention advantageously comprises at least one compound selected from the group consisting of iron (II) sulfate, Solubor (soluble sodium borate, Na ₂ B ₈ O ₁₃ -4H ₂ O), borax, ammonium molybdate, sodium molybdate and cobalt sulfate.

As mentioned above, the micronutrient fertilizer mixtures of the present invention may be prepared using a dry mixing substantially free of water, with at least two metals selected from the group consisting of Cu, Mn, Zn, Co and Mo salts, as and at least one water-soluble nitrate which is not in the form of a salt of said metals, said salts and said nitrate in the form of a powder having a ratio of said trace elements to said macronutrients substantially greater than the ratio of said trace elements to said macronutrients and blending the resulting micronutrient mixture with a pen to form said dry micronutrient fertilizer mixture.

The saying mixing essentially without adding water implies the fact that mixing of metal salts and nitrate is carried out using a dry process. Thus, although in some cases a certain amount of water may have to be used in the production process, this amount will be quite limited so that the metal salts and nitrate will not be treated as solutions or pastes.

The term powder refers to the fact that metal salts and nitrate are essentially in powder form, consisting of individual fine dry particles of the substance in question. This term also includes e.g. materials having any granular consistency.

Although it is possible to mix the powdered micronutrient mixture with the binder immediately after the powder mixture is obtained, it is preferable to allow the micronutrient mixture in powder form to remain stable before mixing with the binder until its consistency changes from a dry powder consistency to a moist sandy consistency. until the individual particles of said mixture have a crystalline or crystalline-like appearance. And yes, it has been discovered that the beneficial effect of the micronutrient fertilizer mixture is improved by allowing the powder mixture to stand for some time before mixing with the binder. Suitable times are at least about 2 weeks, more preferably at least about 4 weeks, most preferably at least about 6 weeks. During this aging period, the hygroscopic salts of the mixture absorb moisture from the air, which gives the mixture a sandy and crystalline appearance, making it easier to fertilize than the powder mixture. It has been found that after 6 weeks or more at room temperature and humidity, a mixture of micronutrients, initially in powder form, usually acquires the desired appearance and consistency similar to that of a slightly moist sand.

While this is not the preferred method, it is expected that the micronutrient mixture of the micronutrients may be additionally or alternatively moistened with water prior to mixing with the binder and subsequently mixed to disperse the water in the mixture to achieve the desired wet consistency. .

It will be apparent to one skilled in the art that the salts and nitrates used to prepare the micronutrient mixture will generally be screened and / or ground as necessary prior to and / or after mixing.

While not wishing to be limited to any particular theory, it is expected that a useful blend of micronutrient fertilizers of the present invention will be obtained as explained below.

It is well known that in order to benefit from the trace elements applied to cereals and soil, the trace elements must be in a form that is easily absorbed by the plant. This in turn means that the trace elements must be water soluble. This may sound simple, but there are practical difficulties here, among other things because of the fact that the soluble metal salts required are hygroscopic and therefore difficult to produce in a form that is easy to use on plants and soil. On the other hand, trace elements that are easy to use, such as lime, can have drawbacks because they are less soluble and less absorbable by plants.

The novel micronutrient fertilizer composition of the present invention is at the same time easy to use and is rapidly soluble in water, thus rapidly absorbed by plants. The use of metal salts and water-soluble nitrate together with a binder allows the fertilizer mixture to be formulated as aggregates, such as pills or granules, which are easy to apply with standard commercial fertilizers. With respect to the low solubility of trace elements in the fertilizer mixture, this is believed to be due to the fact that the metal salts in each individual aggregate are well mixed with water-soluble nitrate. Thus, in the presence of water, such as in the soil or from direct precipitation, the trace element ions will be dissolved together with the nitrate ions and the soil water will therefore have a relatively homogeneous mixture of, among other things, the trace element ions and nitrate ions. The presence of nitrate ions is believed to give the micro-nutrients a form that is more easily absorbed by the plant, possibly due to the reduced tendency to adsorb to soil particles, thereby ensuring better absorption of the micro-nutrients. It is well known that nitrate ions are readily absorbed by plants, and it has been shown in tests of the fertilizer mixture of the present invention that the use of higher amounts of water-soluble nitrate in the mixture results in increased yields.

As mentioned above, the use of metal salts and water-soluble nitrate together with a binder makes it possible to give the fertilizer mixture a form which is easy to apply with standard commercial fertilizers and is readily soluble in water. Any farm-acceptable substance that can bind metal salts and water-soluble nitrate together and which allows the metal salts and nitrate to be dissolved in water can be used. Thus, a water-soluble organic binder such as a plant product or a natural, semi-synthetic or synthetic polymer is more suitable for agriculture. Examples of suitable binders are selected from the group consisting of plant products such as wheat bran, wheat flour or sawdust; polysaccharides or polysaccharide derivatives (e.g. Sta-Rx® 1500, Emdex® and Explotab®), cellulose, microcrystalline cellulose, cellulose derivatives, alginates, lactose, mannitol or sorbitol; proteins such as gelatin; resin such as acacia; and synthetic polymers such as polyethylene glycols (e.g., polyethylene glycol 4000 or 6000) or polyvinyl pyrrolidone. Another possible binder is calcium monohydrophosphate. It may further be useful to use a binder blend in certain cases. The ratio of binder content to nutrient compounds (i.e., metal salts and water-soluble nitrate (s), as well as other nutrient compounds present) in the fertilizer composition of the present invention will, of course, vary, for example, based on factors such as binding capacity and specific weight. it will generally be desirable for the binder to have a minimum weight so that the weight and volume of the fertilizer mixture are minimal.

The term aggregate refers to the fact that a fertilizer mixture is composed of discrete units, each of which consists of metal salts mixed with or soluble in water-soluble nitrate. The aggregates may be, for example, in the form of pills, granules and / or spheres, or they may be in the form of small pieces. The metal salts or water-soluble nitrate of the present invention are well admixed with each individual aggregate particle, then each particle being a substantially homogeneous mixture of the metal salts and water-soluble nitrate (s). The term particles refers to particles that can be of various sizes and shapes, such as crystalline particles, granular particles, powder or dust particles, and Form 1.1, but these examples are not limited. Separate aggregates in which metal salts and water-soluble nitrate are well mixed may also be coated with the desired material.

Typically, substantially all of the assemblies will have at least one dimension of at least 0.5 mm, and substantially all assemblies will often have at least one dimension of at least about 1mm. When the fertilizer mixture parts of the present invention are, for example, in the form of pills, substantially all of the aggregate parts will normally have at least one dimension of at least about 3 mm.

The selection of the shape and size of the individual components will depend upon such factors as the particular nutrient compounds and binders used, as well as the shape and size of the individual units of the macronutrient fertilizer used in conjunction with the micro 15 elemental fertilizer mixture of the invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the size, shape, and specific gravity of the aggregate components should be selected so that the micronutrient fertilizer mixture is compatible with individual units of the micronutrient fertilizer mixture used to ensure relatively homogeneous distribution of the micronutrient and macronutrient fertilizer mixtures.

The aggregate parts of the micronutrient fertilizer mixture can be prepared using known fertilizer preparation techniques,

For example, pills are prepared by first thoroughly mixing all trace elements and water-soluble nitrate. The micronutrient mixture is then mixed with the binder and, if necessary, with a limited amount of water or other liquid. The pills are then formed from this mixture, for example, using a standard pelleting machine for food pills. Basically, the same procedure can be used to prepare pellets, except that a pelletizing machine is used instead of a ball making machine. Similarly, other assemblies, such as coated assemblies, may be prepared by methods known in the art.

As mentioned above, another aspect of the present invention is directed to a solid fertilizer composition comprising, as a first component, the aforementioned solid micronutrient fertilizer mixture and, as a second component, a solid macronutrient fertilizer mixture comprising at least N, P and / or K.

The macronutrient fertilizer component of the fertilizer mixture will normally be standard commercial fertilizers, especially nitrogenous or N-P-K fertilizers. Such fertilizers generally contain nitrogen in the form of urea, nitrate or / and ammonium, as well as varying amounts of P, K, Ca, Mg and / or S.

The macronutrient fertilizer component of the fertilizer mixture may be organic fertilizer.

As explained above, one advantage of the micronutrient fertilizer mixture of the present invention is that it can be applied to soil or crops in combination with, for example, nitrogenous or N-P-K fertilizers. Thus, it is desirable that the fertilizer mixture consisting of the trace element component and the macronutrient component be in such a way as to enable uniform distribution of the trace element component when used for crop and soil fertilization. In practice, this is achieved by ensuring that the two components are compatible with each other in shape, size and specific weight. The individual units of these two components need not necessarily have the same shape, size or specific weight, but these units must be designed so as to achieve an approximately uniform field distribution of the mixture of the two components. The individual components of the fertilizer mixture will thus normally be in the form of pills, granules and / or small particles.

Thus, in a further aspect, the present invention is directed to a method of fertilizing a crop using a mixture of fertilizers as described above or a mixture of a trace element fertilizer as described above.

As explained above, the amount of the micronutrient component in the fertilizer mixture, or the amount of the micronutrient mixture if the micronutrient mixture is used alone, which is applied to the soil where the crop is growing or growing, or is applied to plants. The appropriate amount to be used will be determined on a case-by-case basis by one skilled in the art. Preferably, the trace element fertilizer mixture or the trace element mixture is applied to the crop in question relatively early, as it has been shown to give the best result.

Due to the diversity of soils, it is difficult to provide exact amounts of the trace element component in the fertilizer mixture or the trace element mixture to be used. However, in most cases, the trace element component will be applied to the crop or soil at about 1100 kg / ha, excluding binder, in the fertilizer mixture or in the trace element fertilizer mixture. Preferably, the trace element component of the fertilizer mixture or the trace element fertilizer mixture is applied to the crop or soil in an amount of about 5-60 kg / ha, more typically about 10-40 kg / ha, excluding binder. In clayey soils, good results have been found to be applied at a rate of about 10-35 kg / ha and in particular about 15-30 kg / ha.

The invention is further illustrated by the following non-limiting examples.

EXAMPLE

A mixture of micronutrient fertilizers in the form of pills was prepared consisting of the following components:

kg Diamonium phosphate 1.304 Potassium sulphate 1.304 Magnesium sulphate 7.391 Calcium nitrate 2.609

Sodium nitrate 1.304 Iron (II) sulphate 1.304 Copper sulphate 0.870 Copper oxychloride 0.870 Manganese sulphate 1.261 Solubor ⁸¹ 1.304 Zinc sulphate 0.435 Ammonium molybdate 0.044 overall weight 20,000

The mixture was prepared by first carefully mixing all of the above ingredients by hand using a shovel, after which the dry powder mixture was allowed to stand at room temperature and relative humidity for about one and a half months. The micronutrient mixture, which was then damp and sandy with a crystalline outer particle (as seen through a magnifying glass), was mixed with approximately 2 parts by weight of wheat bran as a binder in 13 parts by weight. The mixture was then formed into pills using a standard pill making machine for food pills. Steam was used during compression to ensure adhesion of the pill components. The resulting pills had a diameter of about 3.5 mm and a typical length of about 5-10 5-10 mm.

The micronutrient fertilizer mixture was prepared as in Example 1. The mixture consisted of the following components:

kg

Diamonium phosphate 1.303

Potassium sulphate

1.303

19th Magnesium sulphate 7.383 Calcium nitrate 2.606 Sodium nitrate 1.303 Iron (II) sulphate 1.303 Copper sulphate 0.869 Copper oxychloride 0.869 Manganese sulphate 1.260 Solubor® 1.303 Zinc sulphate 0.434 Ammonium molybdate 0.044 Cobalt sulphate 0.022 overall weight 20,000 Nutrient content of the mixture N 917 g P 300 g K 534 g Mg 728g Ca. 606g Well 352g S 1653 g Fe 260 g Cu 652g Mn 340g B 271g Zn 95 g

20th Mo 21g Co. 7g EXAMPLE 3

The micronutrient fertilizer mixture was prepared as in Example 15. The mixture consisted of the following components:

kg Diamonium phosphate 1.235 Potassium sulphate 1.235 Magnesium sulphate 6,996 Calcium nitrate 2.469 Sodium nitrate 1.235 Iron (II) sulphate 1.235 Copper sulphate 0.823 Copper oxychloride 0.823 Manganese sulphate 1.193 Borax 2.284 Zinc sulphate 0.412 Ammonium molybdate 0.041 Cobalt sulphate 0.021 overall weight 20,002

The nutrient content of the mixture was as follows:

N 866g P 284 g K 506g

Mg 21st 689 g Ca. 574 g Well 608 g S 1636 g Fe 247 g Cu 616 g Mn 322 g B 251 g Zn 90 g Mo 19th g Co. 7th g

EXAMPLE

The micronutrient fertilizer mixture was prepared as in Example naudojant using the following components:

kg

Ammonium nitrate 2,000 Diamonium phosphate 1.235 Potassium nitrate 0.660 Potassium sulphate 0.610 Magnesium sulphate 7,000 Calcium nitrate 2.470 Sodium nitrate 2,000 Gelic acid (II) sulphate 1.235 Copper sulphate 0.823

Copper oxychlor

0.823

Manganese sulphate

Borax

Solubor®

Zinc sulphate

Ammonium molybdate

Cobalt sulphate

overall weight

This mixture consists of substances in the following quantities:

N

P

K

Mg

Ca.

Well

S

Fe

Cu

Mn

B

Zn

Mo

Co.

Cl

1.193

2.284

0.400

1.235

0.041

0.021

24,030 of the following nourished

1771

288 g

501g

690 g 568 g 859 g

1608 g

247g

616 g

322g

334g

272 gg

g

135 g

EXAMPLE

The effect of the above-described micronutrient fertilizer mixtures on winter wheat yield was determined.

The micronutrient fertilizer mixtures were applied for several 2 seasons in varying amounts to wheat growing on a 100 m test plot (4x25 m) in clayey soil. Mixtures of Example 2 (1987) and Example 3 (1988, 1989 and 1990) were used. They were applied at 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35 and 40 kg / ha (not including binder).

The micronutrient fertilizer mixtures were applied in combination with standard fertilizer mixtures containing N, P, K and Mg as described above, and the areas fertilized only with standard fertilizer mixtures without micronutrient fertilizer mixtures were used as control plots.

In 1987 and 1988, nitrogen fertilizers were applied at 300 kg N per hectare, 270 kg urea (46% N) and 30 kg calcium calcium nitrate (27.6% N). In 1989 nitrogen fertilizers of urea (270 kg N per hectare) and calcium nitrate (15% N, 30 kg / ha) were applied. Relatively high levels of nitrogen were used to ensure that nitrogen was not a limiting factor for plant growth.

Nitrogen fertilizers were routinely applied in three portions in February, May and June, respectively, using either calcium ammonium nitrate or calcium nitrate in June. The micronutrient fertilizer mixture was used in February with the first portion of urea.

. In February 1990, 60 kg N / ha of a mixture of diammonium phosphate and calcium ammonium nitrate was applied together with a mixture of the trace element 3 fertilizer. In April, 175 kg N / ha of calcium ammonium nitrate was used.

All four years the crop was additionally fertilized with 9 kg P / ha, 27 kg K / ha and 4 kg Mg / ha, P, K and Mg in February in combination with a micronutrient fertilizer mixture and a first portion of nitrogen.

The time required for the application of the micronutrient fertilizer mixture to the first portion of the nitrogen fertilizer did not increase significantly compared to the use of the nitrogen fertilizer alone, since the micronutrient mixture in the form of pills could be easily mixed and distributed with the nitrogen fertilizer.

The following results were obtained (expressed as yield increase over control plots, with each figure averaging over 4 plots except 1990):

Used micronutrient fertilizer mixture (kg / ha)

10th 15th 20th 25th 30th 35 40 Year Harvest position takes the idea s (hkg / ha) 1987 0.56 1 .06 2.24 4.36 6.47 - 0.49 1988 0.42 2 . 34 4.26 2.99 1.72 2.62 3.51 1989 6.04 9th . 68 6.37 11.2 5.34 2.79 5.64 1990 * 3.70 1 . 67 6.03 3.11 1.82 - - Average 2.68 3 . 69 4.73 5.41 3.84 2.70 3.21

(* Figures for 1990 are averages over the following number of plots: control, 3; 10 kg / ha, 7; 15 kg / ha, 8; 20 kg / ha, 6; 25 kg / ha, 6; 30 kg / ha, 7)

The average yields in the control plots were 94.09 hkg / ha, 97.06 hkg / ha, 111.32 hkg / ha in 1987, 1988, 1989 and 1990 respectively, so the average over 4 years was 101.42 hkg / ha.

From the table above, it can be seen that the micro-nutrient fertilizer mixtures of the present invention applied at 1040 kg / ha significantly increase the yield compared to the control plots.

Among other things, the ash content of the wheat samples from the plots receiving micronutrient fertilizer mixtures was analyzed. It was found that the wheat had a relatively high ash content (1.55%) in the dry matter, indicating a high mineral content as a result of the absorption of trace elements from the micronutrient fertilizer mixture of the present invention.

EXAMPLE

Analysis of wheat fertilized with the micronutrient fertilizer mixture of the present invention

The content of winter wheat fertilized with the compound of Example 3 micronutrient fertilizers was analyzed to the extent that they contained different nutrients. The results were compared with those of winter wheat grown under the same conditions but not fertilized with a mixture of trace elements.

The wheat crop was fertilized with 230 kg N / ha, of which kg / ha was applied in February (ie at the beginning of the growing season) together with 9 kg P / ha, 27 K / ha microLT 3610 B elemental fertilizer mixture, and the rest N for fertilization in April.

The nutrient analysis results obtained with and without the use of the micronutrient fertilizer mixture of the present invention are as follows (where + micro represents the wheat fertilized with the micronutrient fertilizer mixture and - micro represents the control crop as mentioned above without the micronutrient fertilizer mixture).

Estimated nutrient content at harvest (pr ha)

Nutrient + micro - Micro N 341 kg 307 kg K 367 kg 356 kg P 4-7 kg 32 kg S 28 kg 24 kg Ca. 65 kg 38 kg Mg 17 kg 13 kg Fe 2687 yrs 3152 g B 53 g 60 g Mn 292g 238 g Zn 244g 193 yrs Cu 65g 74g Well 874g 1313 g Si 32 kg 20 kg

It can be seen that the wheat, which was fertilized with the nutrient fertilizer mixture of the present invention, had an increased number of nutrients. Especially, the amount of nitrogen absorbed increased significantly compared to the control yield. In addition to increasing the yield itself, this is good for the environment, since increased nitrogen absorption will reduce the amount of nitrate that can be leached from the soil, thereby contaminating the groundwater.

EXAMPLE

Field trials comparing micronutrient fertilizers of the present invention. sludge with other fertilizers containing micronutrients

The beneficial effects of the micronutrient fertilizer mixture of the present invention compared to certain other commercial micronutrient-containing fertilizers have been demonstrated in field trials using winter wheat.

The following micronutrient fertilizers were used:

The title Fertilizer nutrients Used quantity (kg / ha) A: Excello 2.65% Cu Cu, Zn, Mg, Fe, Mo, Na, B 20th B: Excello 5% to Mg Cu, Zn, Mg 20th CMangandynger Jost Mn, Fe, Zn, Cu 25th D: Oellingsoee Micro * N, P, K, Mg, Ca, Na, S, Fe 40 Cu, Mn, B, Zn, Mo, Co E: Copper sulfate Cu, S 20th F: Desulfuroy duck S, Ca, Mg, N 100 product G: Control without trace elements -

* A mixture of micro nutrient fertilizers according to the present invention corresponding to the mixture of Example 3.

The results of the field trials are shown in the table below (numbers are averages over the 4 fertilized plots):

The more fertilized

Increase in yield compared to unfertilized area (hkg / ha)

Relative yield

A 2.2 102 B 1.2 101 C 1.2 101 D 3.7 104 E 1.8 102 F 1.8 102 G - 100 (MPS ₉₅ = 3. • 6) Average not fertilized plots yield was 94.8 hkg / ha. From this table can see, that trace elements

the fertilizer mixture according to the present invention significantly increased yields, not only with the non-fertilized plots but also with other trace elements fertilized with the trace element. The micronutrient fertilizer mixture of the invention (Oellingsoee Mikro) was the only micronutrient fertilizer tested that gave a statically reliable yield increase (95%) compared to control fertilization.

Claims (10)

DEFINITION OF INVENTION 1. A dry compound micronutrient mixture suitable for admixture with a macronutrient mixture, characterized in that each aggregate consists of Cu, Mn and Zn metal salts and contains 1000-8000 g of Cu per 100 kg of mixture, without any binder. , 500-3000 g of Mn per 100 kg of mixture without any binder, 150-2500 g of Zn per 100 kg of mixture without any binder, and also at least one water-soluble nitrate other than in the form of a salt of the above metals, and the aggregate part consists of a homogeneous mixture of metal salt particles and water-soluble nitrate particles. 2. The micronutrient fertilizer mixture according to claim 1, characterized in that each unit contains Co and / or Mo salts in an amount of 5-100 g Co 100-e kg mixture, without any binder and / or 10-300 g Mo 100. -e kg of mixture without any binder. 3. A mixture of micronutrient fertilizers according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that each aggregate contains at least one binder. 4. Trace element fertilizer mixture according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that it contains from 2000 to 5000 g Cu per 100 kg of mixture without any binder, 1000 to 2000 g Mn per 100 kg of mixture without any binder, from 300 to 1500 g Zn. 100 kg of mixture without binder, 10-50 g Co 100 kg of mixture without binder and 20-150 g Mo 100 kg of mixture without binder. 5. The micronutrient fertilizer mixture according to any one of claims 14, characterized in that it contains at least copper sulfate or copper oxychloride, manganese sulfate and zinc sulfate and further comprising at least one compound selected from the group consisting of ferrous sulfate, soluble sodium borate (Na ₂ B ₈ O ₁₃ .4 H ₂ O), borax, ammonium molybdate, sodium molybdate, cobalt sulfate, diammonium phosphate, potassium phosphate, potassium chloride, potassium sulfate and magnesium sulfate. 6. A solid fertilizer mixture, characterized in that it consists of a mixture of trace elements according to any one of claims 1 to 5 as a first component and a mixture of solid macronutrient fertilizers comprising at least N, P and / or K as a second component. A method of fertilizing a crop, comprising the step of applying a micronutrient fertilizer mixture according to any one of claims 1 to 5 or a fertilizer mixture according to claim 6 to fertilizing a crop or soil. 8. A process for preparing a dry aggregate of micronutrient fertilizers suitable for admixture with a mixture of macronutrient fertilizers, wherein the Cu, Mn, Zn metal salts and at least one water-soluble -nitrate in the form of said metal salts are not blended dry water, said salts and said nitrate in powder form to form a well-mixed micronutrient mixture, and mixing with a binder to form said dry aggregate micronutrient fertilizer, wherein each aggregate consists of metal salt particles and water soluble nitrate homogeneous mixture containing 1000-8000 g Cu per 100 kg eq without any binder, 500-3000 g Mn per 100 kg eq without any binder and 150-2500 g Zn per 100 kg eq without any binder and optionally a further 5-10 g Co per 100 kg of mixture without any binder and / or 10-300 g Mo per 100 kg of mixture without any binder. 9. The method of claim 8, wherein the micronutrient fertilizer mixture contains 2000-5000 g of Cu per 100 kg of mixture without any binder, 1000-2000 g Mn per 100 kg of mixture without any binder, 300-1500 g of Zn 100- e. e kg of mixture without any binder, 10-50 g of Co 100-e kg of mixture without any binder and / or 20-150 g of Mo 100-e kg of mixture without any binder. 10. A process according to claim 8 or 9, wherein the micronutrient fertilizer mixture is prepared using at least copper sulfate or copper oxychloride, manganese sulfate and zinc sulfate, and at least one compound selected from the group consisting of iron sulfate, soluble sodium borate (Na ₂ B ₈ O ₁₃ .4 H ₂ O), borax, ammonium molybdate, sodium molybdate, cobalt sulfate, diammonium phosphate, potassium phosphate, potassium chloride, potassium sulfate, and magnesium sulfate.