SE123746C1

SE123746C1 -

Info

Publication number: SE123746C1
Authority: SE
Publication date: 1948-01-01

Description

KLASS 80 b:1109 BESKRIVNING OFFENTLIGGJORD AV KUNGL. CLASS 80 b: 1109 DESCRIPTION PUBLISHED BY KUNGL.

PATENT- OCH REGISTRERINGSVERKET BEVIDAT DEN 4 NOVEMBER 1948 PATENTTID FRAN DEN 26 MARS 1944 PUB LICERAT DEN 4 JANUAR! 1949 Arts. den '/B 1946, nr 7250/1946. PATENT AND REGISTRATION AGENCY GRANTED ON NOVEMBER 4, 1948 PATENT PERIOD FROM MARCH 26, 1944 PUB LICENED ON JANUARY 4! 1949 Arts. den '/ B 1946, No. 7250/1946.

SOCIETE ANONYME DE DIFFUSION COMMERCIALE & INDUSTRIELLE, PARIS sANT R. PAYS, MAISONS-LAFFITTE, FRANKRIKE. SOCIETY OF COMMERCIAL & INDUSTRIAL DIFFUSION SOCIETY, PARIS SANT R. PAYS, MAISONS-LAFFITTE, FRANCE.

ForfaringssAtt for framstallning av poros betong och enligt forfaringssattet frainstalld betong. 17ppfinnare: R. rays. Procedure for the production of porous concrete and according to the procedure pre-installed concrete. Inventor: R. rays.

Prioritet begard frdn den mars 1045 °eh den 13 februari 1946 (Frankrike). Priority requested from March 1045 ° eh on February 13, 1946 (France).

Det ar kant att framstalla betong med liten specifik vikt genom de mest olika fOrfaringssatt, och sarskilt genom att inblanda luft i cementbruk, som fir forsatt med skumbildande medel, eller ocksa genom att astadkomma gasutveckling i massan. Man erhaller pa sa satt betong, som innehaller en mangfald sma porer, vilket giver densamma vane- och ljudisolerande egenskaper. Dessa egenskaper framtrada i alit hogre grad, ju talrikare parerna aro och ju mindre massans specifika vikt dr. It is possible to produce concrete with little specific weight by the most diverse methods used, and in particular by mixing air in cement mortar, which is continued with foaming agents, or also by achieving gas evolution in the pulp. In this way concrete is obtained, which contains a variety of small pores, which gives it the same habit- and sound-insulating properties. These properties appeared to a much higher degree, the more numerous the pairs aro and the less the specific gravity of the mass dr.

Det är mOjligt all framstalla betong med mycket liten specifik -vikt, men man finner, att denna utvag är ratt begransad, emedan massans mekaniska egenskaper snabbi farsamras i sadan grad, .att dess ranvandbarhet i hog grad inskrankes. I sjalva verket finner man, att vid samma specifika vikt en betong, mars porer aro mycket sma och mycket talrika, har mindre mekanisk hdllfasthet an en betong, mars porer are mindre talrika och stiirre. It is possible to produce concrete with a very small specific gravity, but it is found that this sample is rather limited, because the mechanical properties of the pulp are rapidly degraded to such an extent that its permeability is greatly reduced. In fact, it is found that at the same specific gravity a concrete, March pores are very small and very numerous, have less mechanical strength than a concrete, March pores are less numerous and larger.

Storporig betong har mindre varmeisolerande formaga an finporig, men skillnaden är obetydlig, varemot dess mekaniska egenskaper aro avgjort overlagsna. For att erhalla lika stor varmeisolerande formaga bOr storporig betong ham a mindre specifik vikt an finporig betong, men det oaktat bliva den forms mekaniska egenskaper langt overlagsna. Detta fOrIdaras av den omstandigheten, att mellanvaggarna mellan porerna aro tjockare och darigenom i stand att motsta storre tryckpakanningar. Sturdy concrete has a less heat-insulating shape than fine-pore, but the difference is insignificant, whereas its mechanical properties are decidedly superior. In order to obtain an equally large heat-insulating form, large-pore concrete should have a less specific weight than fine-pore concrete, but in spite of this the mechanical properties of this form will be far superior. This is due to the fact that the partitions between the pores are thicker and thereby able to withstand larger pressure packings.

Foreliggande uppfinning avser ett forfarande for framstallning av poros betong, vars porstorlek, efter onskan kan varieras inom vida granser. Uppfinningen mOjliggor t. ex. att framstalla poros betong med en specifik vikt av 0,4-0,3, mars varmeledningsformaga är 20 —30 ganger mindre an vanlig betongs och som har en tryckhdllfasthet av storleksordningen 100 kg/cm2 och darover. The present invention relates to a process for the production of porous concrete, the pore size of which, depending on the desire, can be varied within wide limits. The invention makes it possible e.g. to produce porous concrete with a specific gravity of 0.4-0.3, March thermal conductivity is 20-30 times less than ordinary concrete and which has a compressive strength of the order of 100 kg / cm2 and above.

Dessa egenskaper mojliggora en vidstrackt anvandning a-v detta material till byggnader och sarskilt for isolering mot varme och ljud. Delta resultat uppnas genom att man yid beredningen av bruk f Or framstallning ay porOs betong anvander en vattenlosning av polyvinylalkohol. These properties allow a widespread use of this material for buildings and especially for insulation against heat and sound. Delta results are obtained by using an aqueous solution of polyvinyl alcohol in the preparation of mortar for the preparation of porOs concrete.

Nar man genom omroring eller pa annat salt inblandar luft eller annan gas i det sa.- lunda beredda bruket, erhaller man efter hardnandet en poros betong, mars porer aro am varierande storlek alltefter mangden ay den mid brukets beredande anvanda polyvinylalkohollosningen. When air or other gas is mixed into the thus prepared mortar by stirring or other salt, a porous concrete is obtained after hardening, the pores of which vary in size according to the amount of the polyvinyl alcohol solution used in the preparation of the mill.

Man finner, att luften eller gasen till att biirja med inblandas i form ay mycket smâ blasor, som darefter forena sig till stone blasor, vilka snabbt uppna ett begransat omfang. Under proeessens hela forlopp forblir den i bruket inblandade gasmangden praktiskt taget konstant, och massans volym f8rblir praktiskt taget ofordndrad. It is found that the air or gas to begin with is mixed in the form of very small bubbles, which then unite into stone bubbles, which quickly reach a limited extent. Throughout the process, the amount of gas involved in the mill remains virtually constant, and the volume of the pulp remains virtually unchanged.

Polyvinylalkoholens koneentration i den anvanda losningen och den mangd lOsning, som man tillsatter cementet vid brukets beredande, variera efter cementets kvalitet, dess finhet och tillsatserna, men kunna snabbt bestammas av varje fackman med hansyn till det resultat man onskar erhalla, d. v. s. den storlek, som man onskar giva betongens porer. The concentration of polyvinyl alcohol in the solution used and the amount of solution added to the cement during the preparation of the mill vary according to the quality of the cement, its fineness and the additives, but can be quickly determined by any person skilled in the art. you want to give the pores of the concrete.

De foljande exemplen tjana till att fOrtydliga uppfinningen, men innebara ingen begransning ,av denna, utan kunna varieras pd flera satt, utan att uppfinningens princip frangas. The following examples serve to clarify the invention, but did not imply a limitation thereof, but can be varied in several ways, without departing from the principle of the invention.

Exempel I. Example I.

Till 90 gram vanligt cement och 10 gram snabbhardnande cement saner man 45 gram 3 %-ig losning av starkt polymeriserad polyvinylalkohol i vatten. Blandningen oinrores, sà att i densamma inblandas tuft, vilken fordelar sig i massan sasom fina blasor. Man fortsatter omroringen, tills massan upptager 2— — en volym av 200 cm', och gjuter densamma i en form. Efter 48 timmar uttager man ur for-men ett porost block, yars purer hava en genomsnittsdiameter av 1,5 mm. Efter hardnandet och torkningen har det framstallda porosa betongblocket en specifik vikt av 0,55 och en tryckhallfasthet av 70--100 kg/cm". Dess varmeledningsformaga Sr 20-30 ganger mindre an vanlig betongs. To 90 grams of ordinary cement and 10 grams of fast-curing cement, 45 grams of 3% 3% solution of strongly polymerized polyvinyl alcohol in water is sanitized. The mixture is stirred, so that tuft is mixed into it, which is distributed in the mass as fine blisters. The stirring is continued until the mass takes up a volume of 200 cm 2 and is cast into a mold. After 48 hours, a porous block is removed from the mold, and the purines have an average diameter of 1.5 mm. After hardening and drying, the produced porous concrete block has a specific gravity of 0.55 and a compressive strength of 70-100 kg / cm ". Its thermal conductivity is 20-30 times less than ordinary concrete.

Exempel II. Example II.

Man gar till vaga sasom i exemplet I, men anvander 55 gram 3 % -ig polyvinylalkohollosning, samt fortsatter omroringen, tills massan antager en volym av 250 cm'. Man erhaller ett block av poros betong, vars specifika vikt fir 0,45 och vars porer hava en genomsnittsdiameter av 4 mm. The procedure is as in Example I, but 55 grams of 3% polyvinyl alcohol solution are used, and stirring is continued until the mass assumes a volume of 250 cm 3. A block of porous concrete is obtained, whose specific gravity is 0.45 and whose pores have an average diameter of 4 mm.

Exempel III. Example III.

Man gar till vaga sasom i exemplet I, men -anvander 65 gram 3 %-ig polyvinylalkohollOsning och fortsfitter mnraringen, tills massan -uppnar en volym av 300 cm'. Man erhaller ett block av porOs betong, vars specifika vikt Sr ,0,40 och vars porer hava en genomsnittsdiameter av 6 imp. The procedure is as in Example I, but 65 grams of 3% polyvinyl alcohol solution are used and the mixture is continued until the mass reaches a volume of 300 cm @ 3. A block of porOs concrete is obtained, whose specific gravity Sr, 0.40 and whose pores have an average diameter of 6 imp.

Exempel IV. Example IV

Man gar till vaga sasom i exemplet I, men man anvander 75 gram 4,5 %-ig polyN;inylalkohollOsning och fortsatter omraringen, tills massan uppnar en volym av 350 cm'. Man erhailer ett block av porOs belong, vars pecifika vikt Sr 0,33 och vars porer hava en genomsnittsdiameter av 10 mm. Detsammas trycliballfasthet fir av storleksordningen 100 kg/ cne. The procedure is as in Example 1, but 75 grams of 4.5% polyNyl alcohol solution are used and the stirring is continued until the mass reaches a volume of 350 cm @ 3. A block of porOs belonging is obtained, whose specific gravity Sr 0.33 and whose pores have an average diameter of 10 mm. The same trycliball strength is of the order of 100 kg / cne.

Man bar 'idare konstaterat, att det Sr m5jligt att avsevart minska den far betongens beredande madvandiga mangden polyvinylalkohol och likviil uppna samma resultat genom att i forvag bereda en luftemulsion me-deist en polyvinylalkohollosning, till yilken tilIsatts en liten uaangd av ett amne, t. ex. sulfonat rued hogmolekylarvikt, som nedsfitter ytspanningen, saint genom att darefter med emulsionen blanda pa vanligt salt berett cementbruk. It was further stated that it is possible to considerably reduce the amount of polyvinyl alcohol prepared in the preparation of the concrete and to achieve the same result by preparing an air emulsion in advance using a polyvinyl alcohol solution, to which a small amount of a substance has been added, e.g. ex. sulfonate rued high molecular weight, which reduces the surface tension, saint by then mixing with the emulsion on ordinary salt prepared cement mortar.

Det amne, som nedsatter ytspanningen, hOr valjas bland sarlana, som icke paverkas av cernentets bestandsdelar. Sarskilt ma namnas starkt sulfonerade fettalkoholer med hog molekylarvikt samt vissa sulfonerade derivater av alkylnaftalin, t. ex. de under namnen »Sandopane» och »Nokal BX» kanda produkthrna. The substance which reduces the surface tension is chosen from among those which are not affected by the constituents of the cernent. Particularly noteworthy are highly sulfonated high molecular weight fatty alcohols as well as certain sulfonated derivatives of alkylnaphthalene, e.g. they know the products under the names »Sandopane» and »Nokal BX».

Det visar sig, att under dessa forutsattningar den for massans beredande nadvandiga mfingden polyvinylalkohol blir 2 eller 3 ganger mindre an den ovan angivna. It turns out that under these conditions the polyvinyl alcohol presenting agent for the pulp is 2 or 3 times smaller than the one mentioned above.

Det fr inblandning I emulsionen avsedda bruket kan vara berett av olika slags cement, rena eller med tillsatser, t. ex. fin sand, infusoriejord, forutsatt att dessa tillsatser arc fOrarbetade till lint pulver, sasom ovan angivits. Man kan reglera storleken av massans porer genom att andra koncentrationsgraden av polyvinylalkoholen och av den valande bestandsdelen i 18sningen, sorn är avsedd for emulsionens beredande. The mortar intended for incorporation in the emulsion may be prepared from various kinds of cement, pure or with additives, e.g. fine sand, infusion soil, provided that these additives are processed into lint powder, as specified above. The size of the pores of the pulp can be controlled by the fact that the second degree of concentration of the polyvinyl alcohol and of the constituent component in the solution is intended for the preparation of the emulsion.

Slutproduktens specifika vikt betingas cv mangden av i emulsionen inblandat bruk. The specific weight of the final product is conditioned by the amount of use involved in the emulsion.

Exempel V. Example V.

Man bereder en vattenlosning, innehallande 1,5 % starkt polymeriserad polyvinylalkohol och 0,125 »Sandopane N. 1 gram av denna lasning inblandar man luft genom °mi.& ring eller pa annat satt, tills man erhaller ett skum med 10 ganger sa stor volym som 15sningen. An aqueous solution is prepared, containing 1.5% of strongly polymerized polyvinyl alcohol and 0.125. 15sningen.

Till detta skum tillsatter man ett brisk, som Sr berett av 100 delar cement och 27 delar vat-ten. Man omror det hela, tills man erhaller en homogen blandning, som gjutes i en form. To this foam is added a brisket, which is prepared from 100 parts of cement and 27 parts of water. Stir the whole until a homogeneous mixture is obtained, which is cast into a mold.

Efter 48 timmar kan man ur formen uttal..),*a ett porOst block, vars porer lava en genomsnittsdiameter av 1,5 mm. Efter hardnandet och torkningen liar det porosa betongblocket en specifik vikt av 0,55 och en tryckhallfasthet av 70-100 kg/cm'. Dess viirmeledande formaga Sr 20-30 ganger mindre fin vanlig betongs. After 48 hours, one can pronounce from the mold ..), * a a porOst block, the pores of which lava an average diameter of 1.5 mm. After hardening and drying, the porous concrete block has a specific gravity of 0.55 and a compressive strength of 70-100 kg / cm 2. Its vibrating shape Sr 20-30 times less fine ordinary concrete.

For att erhalla samma resultat enligt ovan angivna ,exempel I skulle man hehova anvanda en dubbelt sS star mfingd polyvinylalkohol. In order to obtain the same result as indicated above, Example I would need to use a double sS starch polyvinyl alcohol.

Exempel VI. Example VI.

Man gar till vaga sasom i -exemplet V, men utbyter i den fiir emulsionens beredande avsedda losningen de 0,125 (A »Sandopane Ns> mot 0,os % »Nokal BX». Man erhaller samma resultat. The procedure is as in Example V, but in the solution prepared for the emulsion the 0.125 (A

Exempel VII. Example VII.

Man gar till vaga sasom i exemplet V, men anvander far emulsionens beredande 65 gram 1 `7;)-ig starkt polymeriserad polyvinylalkohollosning, som dessutom inneballer 0,15 % »Sandopane N. We go for vague as in Example V, but use the preparation of the emulsion 65 grams of 1 '7;) - ig strongly polymerized polyvinyl alcohol solution, which also contains 0.15% »Sandopane N.

Man erballer ett block av porOs betong med en specifik vikt av 0,40, vars porer hava en o'enomsnittsdiameter av 6 mm. A block of porOs concrete with a specific gravity of 0.40 is obtained, the pores of which have an average diameter of 6 mm.

Claims

Patent claim:

1. Experienced production of porOs concrete with high half-strength, the pores of which have large dimensions of the order of 1-10 mm, can be characterized by the use of a cernent mortar, which contains an aqueous solution of polyvinyl alcohol with high polymerization and in which one infor blisters of air or other gas.

2. A process for the production of poros according to patent claim 1, characterized in that the introduction of the gas bubbles is effected, during the preparation, by means of - - 3 stirring or whipping procedure or otherwise.

3. A process for producing prosthetic concrete according to claim 2, characterized in that the introduction of the gas bubbles is effected by preparing, before mixing in the mortar, a gaseous foam of a loan of polyvinyl alcohol in the presence of a dispersant.

4. A process for producing porous concrete according to claim 3, characterized in that a 1.5% or stronger solution of polyvinyl alcohol is used in the presence of high molecular weight sulfonate.

5. Concrete of porous cement with large pores and with good mechanical properties, produced according to the method stated in any of claims 1-4. Stockholm 1948. lKungl. Boktr. P. A. Norstedt & SOner 480089