SA516371959B1 - Improved Air Grid Design for an Oxidation or Ammoxidation Reactor - Google Patents

Abstract

Inadequate reactant mixing as well as localized reactor hot spots in a commercial acrylonitrile reactor can be significantly reduced if the distance between sparger system 16 and air grid 14 is controlled to be within 6 to 24 inches (~15 to ~61 cm), preferably 8 to 12 inches (~20 to ~30.5 cm). In addition, problems of air grid movement on or off support and air grid mechanical failure can be eliminated essentially completely by means of a modified system for attaching the air grid to the walls of the reactor as well as its internal support beams. Fig. 6

Description

Improved Air Grid Design for an Oxidation or Ammoxidation Reactor Full Description Background of the invention in the commercial manufacture of acrylonitrile; A reaction takes place for propylene, ammonia, and oxygen, Gg las OXygen, for the following reaction scheme: CH2=CH-CH3 + NH3 + 2/3 02 — CH2=CH-CN + 3 00 This process is performed; which is commonly referred to as ammoxidation “in the gas phase at elevated temperature in the presence of an ammoxidation catalyst of a fluid bed.” Figure 1 shows a typical ammoxidation reactor used to perform this operation. Ll ly is shown in the figure; The reactor 10 includes reactor wall 0 12”, air grid 14”, feed sparger 16, cooling coils 18 and cyclones 20. During normal operation; Process air is discharged into reactor 10 through the air inlet 22” while a mixture of propylene and chloride is discharged into reactor 10 through the feed ALG 16. Flow rates for both are sufficiently high to fluidize a bed 24 of the catalyst for ammonia oxidation in reactor 5; Where the catalytic ammonia-oxidation of proylene and the anhydrous of acrylonitrile occurs before doing so; pass through cyclones 20; Any ammoniacal oxidation catalyst that may have been trapped by these gases is removed back into the catalyst bed 24 by dipping 25. The djl all oxidation is highly exothermic; Therefore, cooling coils 18 are used to remove excess 0 heat and thus maintain the reaction temperature at an appropriate level.

Propylene and ammonia can form explosive mixtures with oxygen. Nevertheless; at normal operating temperatures; aie Explosions are carried out inside reactor 10 by a fluidized chloride catalyst; which preferentially catalyzes the chloride oxidation reaction prior to an explosion. Accordingly; Reactor 10 shall be designed and operated such that the only place in which process air is allowed to come into contact with propylene and ammonia during normal operation is within the fluidized bed of chamal oxidation catalyst 24; This is when the catalyst temperature is high enough to trigger the ammonia-oxidation reaction. for this purpose; The conventional method in which propylene and ammonia are fed to the Jolie 10 uses a 16 feed spray system as described in US Order No. 5, 256,810; whose CES is included in this application by reference. Ly as shown in pl al 1 and 2 of Patent 0 810 and shown as Figures 2 and 3 herein; the feed sprinkler takes the form of a series of supply tubes or raceways comprising a main head 30 and side branches 32 connected to the head 30 A system of downward-facing feed orifices 34 is specified in the head 30 and side branches 4 through which a mixture of propylene and ammonia is discharged during the normal operation of the reactor. 10 to 30 feed nozzles per square meter almost uniformly across the entire cross-sectional area of the reactor 10. Naturally each feed nozzles 34 are surrounded by a feed shroud 6 which is in the form of a short section of a stream of larger internal diameter several times the diameter of the orifice 4. The feed caps 34 allow the velocity of the gas passing out of the nozzles 10 to be slowed substantially before exit 0 into the catalyst bed 12, preventing catalyst break-up that would occur Process air typically enters the catalyst bed 24 (Fig. 1) after Passage through the air network 4, which is located S Feed sprinkler 16. dg As is well known the air grille 4 typically takes the form of a metal plate defining a series of air holes or orifices in it. The diameter of the pneumatic nozzles is selectable; and the mass flow rate of air passing through the air grille 14 and the mass flow rate 5 of the propylene ub li / ammonia mixture passing through the feed spray 16 so that

The ammonia-oxidation catalyst in catalytic bed 24 is fully liquefied by these gases during normal operation. Air holes 76 (Fig. 5) in salad) are provided with their own protective air caps (not shown) which are naturally located below the air grille 14. Furthermore; in many cases; The feed orifices 34 are provided in a single relationship with the pneumatic nozzles in the grid 14 (Cua) Each feed cap 36 is directed directly at its corresponding air orifice to promote rapid and complete mixing of the gases passing out of these two different nozzles. For the purposes of this order a slay) These air nozzles are marked as capless. See US Application No. 1. In cases of coal the air nozzles may include caps directly fitted 0 over them to preferably disperse the Gl air (directional or uniform) along the grate rather than the Gu) towards the feed cap. These covers can be small metal covers welded over the indicated air nozzles [lal] The design of the posts that connect the cover to the net can be selected to improve the horizontal gas distribution pattern. These caps over the airholes may also be designed to prevent the catalyst under non-fluidized conditions from (i) falling through the airholes and/or (ii) resting on the cap itself 5 (eg by inclusion on a sloping surface or being made of iron 6a809 ). Although proline/ammonium diets of this general type work well; However, it may contain certain defects. For example, torrent; The mixing of the Chadder/Proylene feed mixture passing outside the feed sprayer with air from the air grille 14 may be insufficient. This can compromise reactor performance, resulting in less than desirable conversion from 0 reactants to products. In addition to the (ly) molybdenum crust produced by the chloride oxidation catalyst can cause the accumulation of small piles of molybdenum scale plus additional amounts of catalyst trapped on the upper surface of the air lattice 14 in the form of small piles of catalyst. These piles act as small catalytic layers 5 static or 'static' in which the ammonia-oxidation reaction continues to occur.Because the heat transfer within a fixed catalyst bed is much worse than in a fluidized bed, these catalytic stacks produce dots

Spot hot with temperatures high enough to destroy any fluidized catalyst that may come near. For example, the indicated temperatures are high enough to anneal the surface of any fluidized catalyst that comes close to it, which in turn reduces the surface area and thus the catalytic activity. SIL over time These hot spots can damage the entire fluidized bed catalyst in the reactor Additional defects include mechanical issues with the acrylonitrile reactor structure A typical commercial acrylonitrile reactor operates at a relatively constant temperature of about 0 to 500 °C, although fluctuations do occur. Furthermore, the Gla 0 ammonia oxidation reactor must be run periodically for normal maintenance, catalyst change, etc., as well as for unexpected breakdowns Jie power outages. Because normal operating temperatures are very high, the change in temperature inside the reactor can be approximately 500°C or AST depending on the transitions of the reactor between ambient and operating temperature. Low and high temperatures place a great deal of stress on the 5 structural members that make up the reactor; Especially when they are connected to each other; Due to the inherent expansion and contraction of these structural members in response to temperature changes. by the time; These stresses can lead to mechanical failure, especially at welded contact points. For example, the manner in which the air grille 14 is attached to the wall 12 of reactor 0 10 is illustrated in Figure 4. As shown in Figure; pneumatic network 14 is attached; which takes the form of a flat 40-inch metal plate with a series of holes in it; to a side wall 12 of the reactor by means of a hinge joint 44. LS shown herein (JCal). The hinge joint 44 in cross section takes the form of a concave section of metal with its upper end 46 flush with the side wall 36 and welded to it by means of a welded joint 48 and its lower end 50 mainly coplanar with and welded 5 with the facing edge of the air grille panel 40 by means of a welded joint 52.

in a large commercial acrylonitrile reactor 31 feet (-9.4 meters) in diameter; For example; The air grid plate 40 can expand horizontally and contract by 16 inches (1.27 cm) in response to temperature changes that occur during reactor startup and shutdown. This places significant stresses on the hinge joint 44; particularly on the weld joints 48 and 52 used to connect the articulated joint 44 to the air grille plate 40 and the reactor side wall 36. Unfortunately over time; These stresses can lead to mechanical failure, which in turn requires extended downtime for repair and/or replacement. Other fluid bed applications have typically addressed the problem of thermal expansion of the air-mesh sheet through the use of an array of smaller air-distributing grids joined by 0 clamps and other mechanical means. Another drawback associated with the traditional design above relates to the flexing of the air grille. Since the air grille 16 must support the total weight of the catalyst phase inside the reactor 10 when it is not in operation, the air grille plate 40 must be supported below to accommodate this weight. By nature (Jal) this is done by a system of lists in the form of | On it rests the air grid plate 5 40. In one of the reactor designs; The Air Grid Panel 40 simply rests on the indicated 1 posts. unfavorably In these designs; The Air Grille Panel 40 tends to flutter during normal operation” which is not only due to the force of the air blowing upwards through the Air Grille Panel; Lad, however, due to its inherent expansion when warmed to normal operating temperatures. in other designs; Air grille plate 40 is welded to the upper parts of the 1 uprights indicated 0. unfavorably In this ail clase the upward force of the air combined with the latent expansion of the air lattice panel can cause mechanical failure of these welds. “dau for example” US Patent 4,300,458 directs an apparatus to carry a perforated plate air distributor for a fluid bed combustion boiler comprising an array of relatively square perforated plates which

They are held together using nuts and bolts. Similarly, US Pat. 8 directs a contractual plate for a fluidized bed incinerator comprising a group of smaller base plates joined to a base frame structure by means of hook-shaped anchor bolts. General description of the invention according to the technique of this disclosure”; It has been shown that the aforementioned problems of improper mixing of the reactant as well as local reactor hot spots can be significantly reduced if the distance between the sprinkler system 16 and the air grille 14 is controlled from 6 to 42 inches (-15 to -61 cm); 8 to 12 inches (-20 to 30.5 cm) is preferred. Furthermore it; It was found that the aforementioned problems of air grille flutter at or outside support 0 and mechanical failure of the air grille could be substantially completely eliminated by a modified system of attaching the air grille to the reactor walls as well as to the inner supporting beams. And therefore; According to a feature; This invention provides an improved feed system for a commercial ammonia-oxidation or oxidation reactor “Jie acrylonitrile reactor” and includes a feed sprayer for supplying a mixture of unsaturated and/or saturated C4 hydrocarbons and ammonia 63 into the reactor and an air network system for supplying air 5 into the reactor ; Where the feed sprinkler includes a main stream and side streams linked Lila to the main head stream or branching from it; where both the main header stream and the side streams define downward-facing feed orifices; The feed spray system also includes covers attached to the feed nozzles; Each feed cap has a proximal end connected to a bypass or main stream and is arranged to direct hydrocarbons and ammonia from C3 to C4 passing out of its feed orifice down into the 0 interior of the reactor; The air grille system includes a continuous metal plate placed below the feed spray system; The sheet metal defines a series of air holes on it to direct process air from the bottom of the sheet metal to the top of the sheet metal into the sprinkler system; Where the distance between the top plate of the continuous plate and the distal ends of the feed caps is chosen to be between about 6 and 24 inches (-15 to ~61 (a) depending on the use herein; 5 03 hydrocarbon mixture denotes C4 unsaturated and/or saturated to C4 to 03 hydrocarbons

Jai Ga on propane, propylene, and butane; Butylene and mixtures thereof. In another aspect, a method for supplying an oxidation or ammonia-oxidation reactor is provided comprising supplying a mixture of saturated and/or unsaturated C3-4© hydrocrions and ammonia to the inner hall of the reactor through a feed spray. The feed sprinkler comprises a main header stream and side streams fluidly connected to and branching from the main header stream; The main head stream and the side streams define the downward feeding orifices. Jai fy the feed spray system also has feed caps linked to feed nozzles; Each feed cap includes a proximal end attached to its own bypass and is arranged to direct hydrocarbons and chafers C3 to 04 passing outside the feed orifice 0 down into the interior of the acrylonitrile reactor. The process also includes supplying air to the interior of the reactor through an air grille system. The air grille system comprises a continuous metal plate placed below the feed spray system; The platen defines a series of air holes in it to direct process air from the bottom of the platen to the top of the platen and into the sprinkler system. on one side; 5. The distance between the top surface of the continuous metal plate and the far ends of the feed caps is approximately 6 to 24 inches (about 15 to about 61 cm). Furthermore it; according to another characteristic; This disclosure provides an air-grid system for use in a commercial oxidation or ammonia-oxidation reactor such as an acrylonitrile reactor. The enhanced air-grid system comprises a continuous metal plate that identifies an upper Baw; a bottom deck and a lavatory extending between them and the platen further delineating a series of pneumatic holes to direct process air from below the continuous platen 0 to a feed spray system placed above the continuous platen; and a support system to support the weight of the continuous metal plate; a gly oxidation catalyst or ammonia oxidation may be mounted on the continuous metal plate; Where the supporting system comprises a series of uprights each having an upper supporting surface attached to the underside of the continuous metal plate and a series of down ties firmly attached to the underside of the continuous metal plate; Where each link is coordinated down to install a contact surface

Set in a brace under its upper part so that the ties below the brace prevent the metal plate from being lifted ef chain of braces. In another aspect, a process for reducing motion in an air mesh system is provided in an oxidation or ammonia-oxidation reactor. The method comprises the provision of an air-mesh system comprising a continuous sheet of metal defining an inclined surface; and a lower surface and a pelvis extending between them. The continuous platen also defines a series of air holes to direct process air below the continuous platen to the top of the continuous platen; and a support system to support the weight of the continuous metal plate and any oxidation or ammonia-oxidation catalyst that may be resting on the continuous metal plate. on one side; The supporting system may include a series of supporting uprights each having an upper surface attached to the underside of the continuous metal plate and a series of 0 links down firmly attached to the underside of the continuous metal plate. Each link down is arranged to attach a specific contact surface to a support upright below its bottom surface so that the down links prevent the connecting metal plate from being lifted off the upright chain. Furthermore it; according to another characteristic; This disclosure provides an air-grid system for use in an oxidation or ammonia-oxidation reactor, such as an acrylonitrile reactor. The air-grid system includes a continuous metal plate 5 defining an upper surface, a lower surface, and a perimeter extending between them. The continuous metal plate also defines a series of air holes to direct process air from the bottom of the plate metal plate connected to a spray feed system placed on top of the metal plate; and a contact group for the perimeter band of the metal plate attached to the side wall of the oxidation or oxidation reactor; Where de sane the contact comprises a flexible plate and a spaced contact plate and each has a metal toroidal da a defining a top J part and a bottom J part 0 Where both the flex plate and spacer plate are symmetrically arranged intrinsic consistent with the side wall of the oxidation reactor or dal dill where the spacer plate is attached to the side wall of the oxidation or chloride reactor » where the bottom of the flexible plate is attached to the circumference of the continuous plate; Whereas the flex plate is attached to the spacer plate so that the flex plate defines a bottom portion extending below the bottom of the spacer plate so that changes in the diameter of the continuous metal plate 5 due to temperature changes within the reactor can be contained by the lower gall of the flex plate.

— 0 1 — in AT ola; A method is provided to contain a flexure in a lattice system (dla) where the method includes providing a continuous metal plate defining an upper surface 3 and a lower surface 3 and a perimeter extending between them 0. The continuous metal plate also defines a series of air holes to direct the process air below the continuous metal plate to ef the continuous metal plate; and a contact assembly for attaching the circumference of the metal plate attached to the side wall of the reactor. The contact assembly includes a flexible plate and a spaced contact plate, each comprising an annular plate of metal that defines Gila above and below. Both plates are coordinated pall of the flex plate by the perimeter of the joint plate; and where the flex plate is attached to the spacer plate so that the flex plate defines a bottom portion extending below the lower gall of the spacer plate so that changes in diameter can be contained

0 Metal plate connected due to temperature changes inside the reactor by bending the lower part of the flex plate Brief explanation of the drawings Figure 1 is a schematic projection showing the reactor section 2 of a conventional ammonia-oxidation reactor used to make acrylonitrile;

5 FIG. 2 is a horizontal projection showing the underside of a conventional spraying system for the chloride oxidation reactor shown in FIG. 1; Figure 3 is a sectional cross-sectional projection taken on line 3 - 3 in Figure 2 3 Tay Figure 3 Feed nozzles and feed caps associated with the conventional sprinkler system shown in Figure 2; Figure 4 shows a conventional method of attaching the acrylonitrile reactor air grille to the reactor wall;

0 FIGURE 5 is a partial sectional projection of an acrylonitrile reactor showing a first feature of this disclosure whereby the performance of the acrylonitrile reactor is improved and mechanical damage to certain parts of the acrylonitrile Jolie is reduced by separating the air grille and the feed spray part from each other by an appropriate distance;

Figure 6 illustrates a second feature of this disclosure whereby a new air grating support system is provided for the acrylonitrile reactor; And JSS 7 demonstrates a third feature of this disclosure whereby a unique connection assembly is provided to secure the air grille 14 of the acrylonitrile reactor to the side wall of the reactor. Detailed description: Figure 5 shows a first feature of this detection technique where the air grille 14 is spaced from the feed sprinkler 16 by an appropriate distance; The dag specifies 6 to 24 inches (-15 to 617 cm). in a specific way; As shown in the figure; Feed Spray 16 includes several caps 60; Each is connected to a specific feeding nozzle in the header 30 or bypass 32 of the sprinkler system. Each cap 0 identifies a near end feed 62 that is connected to a header 30 or bypass 32 and a remote end cua edie Feed caps 60 are arranged to direct propylene and ammonia out of the feed orifices down into the acrylonitrile reactor towards the air grid 14. Meanwhile; The pneumatic grille 14 takes the form of a continuous metal plate 70 which is placed below the feed sprinkler 16; which defines an upper deck 72; a deck 64; and a series of air holes 76 extending between them to direct the process air entering the ammonia-oxidation reactor 5 from the bottom of the metal plate attached to the top of the feed spray 16. According to this feature of the invention; The distal ends 64 of the feed caps are arranged at a distance of 6 to 24 inches (-15 to 617 cm) from the top surface 72 of the continuous metal plate 0. Preferably » the distal ends 64 of the feed caps are arranged at a distance of 8 to 12 [inches (207 to -30.5 cm) from the top surface 72 of the connected metal plate 0 70. Gy of this feature of Ca BSH shows that not only poor reactor performance due to improper reactant mixing can be eliminated by this style; Even characteric oxidation catalyst damage and other problems arising from localized reactor hot spots can also be eliminated or at least minimized by this approach.

from a theoretical/conceptual perspective; It can be advantageous to reduce the distance between the air grille 14 and the feed sprinkler 16 Bl as it may prove to promote the maximum possible mixing of these gases passing out of the sprinkler 16 and the process air passing outside the air grille 16. Nevertheless; It was found that placing the air grille 14 too close to the sprinkler 16 enhances the formation of the Sukhna reactor points; Gly 5 for the above. when the distance between the air grille 14 and the feed sprinkler 16 is too small; Some of the air holes 76 in the continuous metal plate 70 or the distal ends 64 of the feed caps 60 or both become located in aggregations of catalyst/molybdenum scales that accumulate primarily on the upper surface 72 of the continuous metal plate 70. This results in proylene, ammonia and reactants. air contact with each other within these catalytic stacks; Which act as stable 0 catalytic layers where the heat transfer is weak and thus the heat generation is fast. And therefore; The distance between the air grille 14 and the feed sprinkler 16 (as measured between the distal ends of the feed caps 60 and the top surface 72 of the continuous metal plate) must be at least 6 inches (-15 cm) and preferably at least 8 inches (20 cm) to avoid this problem. Given the maximum distance between the pneumatic grille 14 and the feed sprinkler 16; It has been shown that at distances greater than about 24 in (617 cm); ea of the catalyst is not used in the reactor; Specifically, the part placed between the pneumatic grille 14 and the feed sprayer 16) is effective in the reaction; this reduces the transformation of the propylene and ammonia reactants into product acrylonitrile, which is clearly defective. Gy is therefore maintained; the maximum distance between Air grille 14 and feed sprinkler 16) as measured between distal ends 64 of feed caps 60 and top surface 0 72 of continuous metal plate; at no more than 24 inches (617 cm) and preferably no more than 14 inches (-35.5 cm) on one side AT no more than 12 inches (-30.5 cm) to prevent this from happening. Figure 6 illustrates a second feature of this detection technique; Where a new support system is provided; It is generally indicated at 80; to support the weight of the continuous metal plate 70 of the pneumatic grille 14; Including the weight of 5 any ammonium oxidation catalyst can be rested on this continuous metal plate. As shown

In this (JC al) the support system 80 takes the form of a series of supporting lists 82; Which are in a specific form shown are lists | traditional. Each upright 52 1 includes a cross-section 84 defining an upper surface 86 upon which rests a continuous metal plate 70. Further; The underside of each upper transverse segment 86 defines a contact surface 88 for connection with a supporting link-down carried by a metal plate 70 connected to an air-mesh 14 as shown below. As further shown in Figure 6; A series of supporting rods 90 are welded to the underside of the continuous metal plate 70; Each end of it defines an anterior part 92. As further shown in this figure; Each nose extends below the transverse section 84 of the uprights 82 a where it contacts with a contact surface 8. With this cdi) each support rod 90 acts as a tie down to hold a connecting metal plate 70 in 0 contact with the upper surfaces 86 of the uprights 82 of thus preventing This continuous metal plate is to be dadd over the uprights Indicated as a result of the force of the process air flowing upwards through the 76 air holes in this metal plate. As further shown in Figure 6; Appropriate distances 94 and 96 shall be arranged between the end of each support rod 82 and the facing portions of the uprights 82 1 to accommodate variations in the lengths of these support rods 5 that necessarily occur as a result of temperature changes that occur within the reactor during start-up and shutdown. With this structure, the 70 Jind continuous metal plate is fixed to the 86 upper surfaces of the uprights | By means of frontal parts the supporting rails 90 are connected to the contact surfaces 88 of the uprights 82 a. And as it will turn out; Other constructs providing a similar method for yay tying of the supporting rods 90 and their associated front 0 segments 92 can be used. In any dlls due to the distances 94 and 96 located between the ends of each supporting rod 82 and the facing segments of the uprights 82 ol can accommodate changes in lengths The supporting rails 90 which occur as a result of the large temperature changes within the reactor 10 during start-up and shutdown are easily achieved by these distances. as a result; The mechanical failure of the 80 supporting system is largely eliminated.

Figure 7 illustrates a third feature of this detection technique Cus A unique connection group is provided to hold the perimeter of the attached metal plate 70 of the air grille 14 to the sidewall 36 of reactor 10. As shown in this figure; coda set which is generally denoted as 100; It includes a flex plate 102 and a spaced contact plate 104. The flex plate 102 comprises a lengthened plate of metal whose ends are lie welded so that the flex plate 102 takes the shape of a gala and especially the shape of the upright section of the cylinder. In this way, the flex plate 102 has the shape Essentially sympathetic to the sidewall 36 of reactor 10 to which the air grille 14 is attached Bl can because the half-section of reactor 10 is also formed into a cylinder.In the same way the spacer plate 104 also comprises a lengthened plate of metal the ends of which are welded lie so that the spacer plate 104 also takes a ring shape.As further shown in Fig. 7 the spacer plate 104 is placed between the flex plate 102 and the side wall 36 of reactor 10 so that the flex plate 102 defines a lower part 114 extending below the lower all 112 of spacer plate 104. Preferably; the lower part 110 of the flexible plate 102 extends below the lower part 112 of the spacer plate 104 by a distance of about 6 5 to 10 inches (about 15 to about 25 cm); more about 7 to Approximately 9 inches (about 18 to about 23 inches).As shown in the check l 7 ohn bottom band 110 of flexible plate 102 is preferably joined by welding; perimeter of the attached metal plate 70 of the air grille 14. With this structure; Variations in the diameter of the continuous metal plate 70 of the pneumatic grille 14 are accommodated; which occur as a result of large 0 changes in temperature inside reactor 10 during start-up and shutdown”; easily by flexing the lower part 114 of the flexible plate 102”a; The portion of the flexible plate 102 that extends below the bottom portion 112 of the spacer plate 102. As a result; Mechanical failure is largely eliminated in the joints connecting the circumferential metal plate 70 of the air grille 14 to the side wall 12 of the reactor 10.

Various aspects described in this application can be used; More specifically the aspects shown in Figures 4-7 have reactors of different volume diameters. in a favorable aspect; Reactors can have outside diameters from about 5 to about 12 fie, on one side from about 8 to about 12 metres, and on the other side from about 9 to 11 metres. In another preferred form; When using external reactor diameters between about 8 and about 12 m or about 9 to about 11 ie) pneumatic nozzle caps are used; aig is the introduction of air vertically into the reactor, preferably vertically towards a feed hood. In the oan model when using external reactor diameters between 8 Mos and 12 Fie or between about 9 and 11 m the air nozzles in the grate are covered

aerobic; The air, Gal, is preferably distributed into the reactor by means of the cover.

0 Although only a few examples of this detection technique have been described; It should be recognized that many modifications can be made without deviating from the nature and scope of this technology. All such modifications are intended to be within the scope of this technology; which is restricted only by the following protection malic.

Claims (1)

Elements of Protection 1- An improved air grid system for a fluid bed reactor 0608100 with oxidation or ammonia oxidation; The improved air grille system includes: a continuous metal plate [70] defining an upper surface, a lower surface, and an extended perimeter in between The continuous metal plate also defines a series of vents to direct air from the bottom of the continuous metal plate [70] to the top of the metal plate caller [70]; a support system [80] to carry the weight of the continuous metal plate [70] and any oxidation or ammonia catalyst 80101070085800 that may rest on the continuous metal plate [70]; 0 where the support system [80] comprises a series of support beams [82] each with an upper bearing surface [86] that engages the underside of a continuous metal plate [70] and a series of the support hold—downs [90] firmly attached to the underside of the continuous metal plate [70]”; Each load-holding mechanism [90] shall be positioned so as to engage a specific mating surface [88] in a crossbar. 5 opposite load [82] below its upper surface so that support hold-downs prevent the continuous metal plate [70] from being lifted off the series of support beams [82] 2- improved air grille system grid system according to claim 1; Gua The support beams [82] are letter-shaped | her clips 0 corresponding upper transversal [84]; The underside of each upper cross-section defines a mating surface [88]; and where the continuous metal plate [70] of the air grille system defines a lower surface; and where the support hold—downs have load bars 5815 support bars [90] attached to the bottom surface of the continuous metal plate [70]; Bearing rails [90] have ends specifying NOSES [92] that are positioned to engage threaded surfaces [88] — 7 1 — defined by the upper transverse sections [84] of the L-shaped beams. Oxidation or treatment with ammonia and oxygen (cammoxidation) This process includes the provision of a charged air network system according to protection element 1 or 2. hi Fi » ¥ ra m a JEL g a 43 a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a 9 % m § I x 1 Hy)1 Part im Nay $ IS Ford 0 3 1 3 Tol TRY YR A SAT FEELS i id SAR i 8 I SHE i eX § N 0 i | 3 mY! 1 a i mm y i 1 e between ¥ 4 i 1 i ga Ta, = iil i i i : NE N by 1 : i N 3 ¥ + ? 1 brightest? i { Alad AA 1 1 A: ? £3. ¥ 3 i ; § Ee | 3 £5 a - { 1 i 1 3 1 If 0 1 i 1 0 etc FE og 1 ? 7. i JES 3{ wl i Fy es fs ¥ 0 3 58 3 0 NE: FA 177 a a b > scan ja na at 8 1 vig na 0 Ne i ;3 TY 5 1 eb Pr TR XE ATR A L AE L L L L os OM RS SEH doa a MR Nf SEH Wow RB WEN FE i H NEES = 13 Sn a8 do WY I BX i SE UN the k Hi HIE A WHS $08 on HH L L EX Le : A WOE EN J : REY i Tie a a a a 8 5 a a a a a a i Ty he 8 0 ERY ST a fra 9 sleep 81: Masta The Lach FS EA Tad Nr REE Hee RI es = 2 3 Mod ETT Jal A Ld etc I Tod Na six FON foe A except Wu Why The Ay “A L © A A A 8 FE wg L A L A L A A AD Soy HM A HAL Hi 5 L H Bd: YNA dR: A TH 3 B TE no the for 5 a 1 3 Fo RT RA i oF a the a for the 0 ale automatically 1 a for: 3 1 7 5 Sy, bul ¥ “ly I i Se ZEN LI 7 “Tab <> : R 2 A vos vy Yna A B EE FEE Cap) 8 Fe CN we Bs LY [dT RS: The WS M Pot pe Ra 7 0 oN we a 0 Hy RR a 7 : no ae aa l x ¥ 8 § 8 el 0 § 8 % 8 Hs SO 80 1 * fig. — 2 0 — Le XY 3 0 N Ra EA NE wr B 1 B t 3 De NA ' eT \ Ndi WN od 13 oF AOS ou SRY SF SEY 4 J 1 & Fal F p 3 a i, c a free either 0 a a a ait l 8 ri £ # 9 8 . fa $ § : nN AN ow vi + fig. a 3 b & al: N 2 qa ha’ | / 0 mr, tsb sala 0 3 x : BE 1 A 1 L 1 1 woos > A 1 Ee oi 5% ay A ; 3 i > NTT pe AISA BL D 5 ws 8 L JHU Muqd A k 8 8 > EN > > Aad EE © y and 3 d 0-0 both jinn Nig * fig. Dala i & 2 laham na REE) DAA A SNR A SO l al ch [eR LBs bin. A TT Nu Et + T 8 & a TEE DAREN 1 a and 1 : SELEY OX oy NE 1 MHSA 5 for six Th A 8 3 EEE B M LY = 0 0 ed 08 AM | NL § ' Mad x 8 : 0 2 OY Ob 7 PT Gl ; aye AE: ! Ah NAS 4 : EN Daw AA L B EE : A 9 NG WY UN A NAH BA Seatiibi TN HR i & Ce be 8 3 AY SA ad WY 8 Pd BEE Lx SIRE Eh ba 1 HEE A 13 1 AL od 3 Wl Na Al-Ahah 9 2 ا ا ا ا ا ا ا ا ا ا s s s ḥ Ḥab al-Ḥab ṭṭṭṭṭah Ḥat al-j lah lah Ḥahk = Ek { ids ] A B wht 0 3 count 0 Ie 7 7 1 ad A B “ No a Dio BE. M: Ng Ni ye ; NN) 0X LEN SE Y owe “KBA 0 for AN SNR ~ 4 YY $d ; 8 PM 7 0 A "Kok 5 Ya: 3 ARJEN ar She 4 WYN A Aja Hat Lajh Adi Din Yut Tit Ddbi any neighborhood but Ken has NE Hy M A 1: : >> iY DNA % Fhe except A Ek ke 5 Sued Authority for Intellectual Property RE .¥ + \ A 0 § 8 Ss o + < M SNE A J > E K J TE I UN BE Ca a a a ww > Ld Ed H Ed - 2 Ld, provided that the annual financial consideration is paid for the patent and that it is not null and void for violating any of the provisions of the patent system, layout designs of integrated circuits, plant varieties and industrial designs, or its implementing regulations. Ad Issued by + bb 0.b The Saudi Authority for Intellectual Property > > > This is PO Box 1011 .| for ria 1*1 v= ; Kingdom | Arabic | For Saudi Arabia, SAIP@SAIP.GOV.SA