RU98327U1 - DEVICE FOR GROWING FISH - Google Patents

Abstract

 1. A device for growing fish, containing a closed floating circuit equipped with a railing frame mounted on the rail supports, a net bag placed on picks, hooks for hanging the net bag and cargo, characterized in that in accordance with the configuration of the railing frame: circle or polygon, the net bag has a truncated-pyramidal or truncated-conical shape, a delimited web of the walls of the bag is planted on rebounds in a square way; ropes are sewn into the dividing sheet of the walls along the height of the bag in the form of veins: parallel to the selection at a certain distance relative to each other and perpendicular to the selection at an equal distance relative to each other, while the lower selection is equipped with external loops for attaching goods to the bottom of the bag. ! 2. The device for growing fish according to claim 1, characterized in that the number and location of the outer loops on the bottom selection of the net bag is determined by the number and location of the angles formed at the junction of the walls of the net bag, and / or the number and location of suspended loads, sufficient for uniform tension of the web of the net bag walls along the entire perimeter. ! 3. The device for growing fish according to claim 1, characterized in that in the case of a truncated pyramidal shape of the net bag with a polygonal configuration of the rail frame, outer loops are made on its upper selection to secure the bag to the hooks in the corners of the rail frame. ! 4. The device for growing fish according to claim 1, characterized in that in the case of a truncated pyramidal shape of a net bag with a polygonal configuration of the rail frame on parallel selections

Description

The utility model relates to the fishing industry, mainly to mariculture, is intended for rearing juveniles or fish product category, and is aimed at ensuring ease of operation of cages, improving the conditions and protection of farmed fish from being eaten by sea animals.

Currently, the problem of protecting cage-cultivated aquatic organisms from being eaten by marine mammals has become particularly relevant in countries with developed mariculture and coastal fishing by exhibition networks, since mammals cause significant damage to maritime farms not only by destroying farmed fish, but also by damage to fish and fishing property, previously total division canvas.

Each region is characterized by its own species of mammal - a consumer of catches and cultivated aquatic organisms. For example, in the Pacific Ocean off the coast of New Zealand (Sea of Fiji, Tasman Sea) - fur seals that tear up del cages and produce cultivated species; in the Atlantic Ocean off the coast of North and South America, whales and killer whales, adapted mainly to the abduction of longline catches; for the White and Barents Seas (Norway, Russia) - mainly sea hares, adapted to fish consumption in net catches and cage mariculture.

The sea hare is a seal leading a sedentary lifestyle. The habitat is a long-term section of the sea, which, up to 30 years, is kept by a female with 2-3 males located at her side. The daily ration of a sea hare averages up to 5 kilograms of fish.

Fish farmers use all kinds of means to combat this phenomenon: an ultrasonic signal, for example, the voice of killer whales, to protect against gray, harp seals and sea hare, however, animals quickly adapt and cease to perceive it as a danger signal for themselves; double, triple walls of net cages, but this significantly increases the cost of equipment; catching animals - it is valid for a short time until other sea hares occupy this territory.

Cages of various types are widely known, in the design of which various tasks were solved: increasing strength and storm resistance, reducing weight, ease of use (Instructions for cage cultivation of rainbow trout in sea water / Compiled by O.D. Romanomancheva, L.I. Speshylov, Yu.B. Vakhar, O.R.Sergiev, Z.M. Sergieva .-- M .: ONTI VNIRO, 1983. - S.9-19).

A device is known (a.s. No. 967436, published on October 23, 1982, Bull. No. 39), which contains a cage made in the form of a net cylinder with a conical bottom and upper loading part, equipped with three spacer frame rings, a load. The loading part of the net cylinder is raised above the water in order to prevent injury to fish by fish-eating birds. The frame rings are located in the net pockets of the net cylinder at the same distance from each other, which allows you to evenly distribute the load on the net web, while the lower ring contains a metal rod threaded into it and serves to shape the net cylinder and uniformly tension the split web in horizontal and vertical planes. The design of the cage solves the problem of increasing the storm resistance of the cage, ease of use when loading planting material and towing it to the installation site.

A device is known (Pat. No. 2115110, publ. 07/20/1998), which contains a closed floating circuit equipped with a railing frame mounted on the rail supports, hooks for hanging a shared canvas planted on picks, a net bag and cargo. The design of the device solves the problems of simplifying the assembly of the cage module, convenience, reliability in operation, but does not provide for measures to protect fish from encroachments of sea animals and optimize water exchange inside the cage.

The objective of the proposed utility model is to reduce the labor costs of servicing the cage, increase its strength and reliability in operation, as well as protect fish from encroachments of sea animals.

The device for growing fish contains a closed floating circuit, which is equipped with a railing frame mounted on supports, a net bag (cage) and cargo. The frame is equipped with hooks for hanging a net bag planted on rebounds.

The net bag of the device is characterized in that it has, in accordance with the configuration of the rail frame (circle or polygon), a truncated-pyramidal or truncated-conical shape.

The mesh of the dividing cloth of the walls of the bag of the device, when planted on the selection, has the shape of a square, which improves the flow of water through the bag, and, as a result, optimizes the water exchange (its “ventilation”), leaching of fish metabolic products from the cage, improves the conditions for keeping fish, for example, the oxygen regime. In addition, a cage with such a mesh in the working position holds fish better.

In the case of a truncated pyramidal shape of the net bag with the polygonal configuration of the rail frame of the device, the upper outer loops for fastening the net bag on hooks in the corners of the rail frame are made on the top selection of the cage, while the number and location of the upper outer loops is determined by the number and location of the corners on the configuration of the rail frame .

On the bottom selection of the cage, external loops are made for securing goods to the bottom of the bag, and the number and location of the external loops of the selection is determined by the number and location of the angles formed at the junction of the walls of the net bag, and / or the number and location of suspended loads. The quantity and mass of goods should ensure uniform tension of the split web of the walls of the net bag around the entire perimeter.

Ropes are sewn into the dividing sheet of the walls along the height of the bag in the form of veins: parallel to the selection at a certain distance from each other and perpendicular to the selection at an equal distance from each other.

With the polygonal configuration of the device’s rail frame and the truncated pyramidal shape of the net bag, internal loops are used to fix the net bag on hooks in the corners of the rail frame when lifting it on parallel to the selection of the cage veins in accordance with the number and location of the corners of the rail frame.

The technical result is achieved in that the presence of truncated pyramid-shaped cages parallel to the selection of the bag of rope-veins and inner loops on them creates convenience and reduces labor costs during manipulations with the cage due to the possibility of phased hanging of the split canvas first for the inner loops on the hooks of the corners of the rail frame , and then for parallel veins on the remaining free hooks (when raising the cage for cleaning the walls or choosing fish).

The veterans, in addition, perform the function of a soft frame: they give strength to the web of the net bag, protect it from tearing and stretching, and maintain the given shape of the cage.

This design of the cage reduces the sailing of the dividing web, as a result eliminates the formation of sections of “blowing” the delhi, while the inclination of the walls of the cage additionally makes it difficult for sea animals to move deeper into the net bag and capture fish.

Figure 1 shows the layout of the outer loops on the selections and the inner loops on the parallel to the upper and lower selections of the cage veins (a variant of the truncated pyramidal shape of the net bag of the device); figure 2 shows a device for growing fish (side view); figure 3 an example of fixing the selection of the net bag on the hooks of the rail frame (option truncated-conical shape of the cage of the device); figure 4 is an example of fixing the outer loops of the upper selection of the net bag on the hooks in the corners of the rail frame (a variant of the truncated pyramidal shape of the net bag of the device).

A device for growing fish contains a closed floating circuit 1, equipped with a railing frame 3 with hooks 4, a net bag (cage) 5, the mesh of which wall mesh, when planted on the upper 6 and lower 7 selections, has the shape of a square (figure 1, 2).

The rail frame 3 can have any of the configurations used by farmers: a circle or a polygon, while the net bag 5, depending on its configuration, will have a truncated-conical or truncated-pyramidal shape, respectively.

In the case of a pyramidal truncated cage shape, on the selections 6, 7, the upper 8 and lower 9 outer loops are performed, with a conically truncated only the lower outer loops 9 on the lower selections 7. The number and location of the upper outer loops 8 corresponds to the number of corners of the rail frame 3 of the device ( figure 1).

The mesh bag 5 of the conically truncated shape is hung in a known manner: by fastening on the hooks 4 of the frame 3 of the upper rebate 6 (Fig. 3), and in the case of the truncated pyramidal shape, first the bag 5 is hung by the outer loops 8 of the rebound 6 on the hooks 4 in the corners rail frame 3 (figure 4), then in the intervals between the loops 8 - for the upper selection 6 on the remaining free hooks 4.

The height of the bag 5 is sewn, for example, by means of shutters, ropes in the form of veins 10, 11: parallel to (10) relative to the selection 6, 7 through an equal distance from each other, and perpendicular to (11) to the fittings 6, 7 at an equal distance from each other .

With the polygonal configuration of the rail frame 3 of the device and, accordingly, the truncated pyramidal shape of the net bag, the inner loops 12 are made on the parallel to the selection of wires 10 of the cage 5, in accordance with the number and location of the corners of the rail frame 3. hang in stages from one veil 10 to another on the hooks 4 in the corners of the frame 3, for example, when performing a wall cleaning or fish selection (figure 2).

Weights 13 are attached to the outer loops 9 of the bottom fitting 7. The number of loops 9 is determined by the number of angles formed at the junction of the walls of the net bag 5 of a truncated pyramidal shape and / or the number of suspended loads sufficient to uniformly tension the dividing web of the walls of the bag 5 around the entire perimeter.

For example, if the cage 5 has a truncated-conical shape, the loads are attached at an equal distance relative to each other to the outer loops 9 of the lower selection 7 along the perimeter of the bottom of the cage, and if the truncated pyramidal shape of the bag 5 is obligatory to the loops 9 in the corners formed on the joints of the walls of the cage 5 and, if necessary, to the loops 9, made at an equal distance from each other between the loops 9 in the corners of the frame 3 (to ensure uniform tension of the split web cages).

The proposed device for growing has passed production tests in the White Sea coast at the scientific-experimental cage complex.

The rail frame 3 of the device was made in the form of a square with a side size of 5 m. The cage 5 with a height of 6 m, respectively, of the configuration of frame 3 had a truncated pyramidal shape. Frame 3 was equipped with sixteen hooks 4, while four of them were made in the corners of frame 3.

The mesh of the dividing canvas of the walls of the cage 5 in the form planted on the upper 6 and lower 7 was in the form of a square, along the height of the bag in the form of veins 10, 11 ropes were sewn into it: in parallel (10) relative to the selection 6, 7 at a certain distance from each other and perpendicular to (11) rebounds 6, 7 at an equal distance from each other.

The distance between parallel veins 10 was 1 m, between perpendicular (11) - 1 m.

Four outer loops 8 were made on the top selection 6 of bag 5, four outer loops 9 were made on the bottom selection 7, and four inner loops 12 made at the junction of the walls of the net bag 5 on each vein of bag 5 parallel to rebounds 6, 7.

The bag 5 was hung for the outer loops 8 on the hooks 4 located in the corners of the frame 3, and then for the upper selection 6 on the like and twelve intermediate hooks remaining free.

When performing work on cleaning the walls of the net bag 5 or removing fish, the dividing canvas of the bag 5 was chosen in stages from one parallel vein 10 to another, first fixing the inner loops 12 of the veins 10 to the hooks 4 in the corners of the frame 3, and then to the veins 10 on the hooks 4, remaining free.

Trout was grown in cages.

According to the results of observations in the Kandalaksha Bay of the White Sea, for several years, sea hares attacked trout cages from mid-August until the end of the rearing, i.e. when the fish has already gained marketable weight. At the same time, the animals adapted to eat the fish inside the cages by grabbing and sucking them out, mainly of the insides, through the walls in places of “blowing out” of a free-flying piece, leaving only the head and tail of the body. The daily number of damaged fish reached 35-40 specimens, which, with their weight of 1-2 kg, amounted to 35-60 kg of lost fish products.

The change in the design of the net bag turned out to be sufficient to protect fish from encroachments of sea animals and practically eliminated the loss of fish products.

Strong, but at the same time light and flexible frame well supported the given (truncated-pyramidal) form of the cage. The inclination and good tension of the delhi of the walls of the cage excluded cases of the formation of sections of "blowing" delhi, which made it difficult for sea animals to move deeper into the net bag.

Testing of such cages showed that the shape of the bags contributes to a good tension of the dividing canvas of the walls of the cage and serves as a reliable protection for cultivated fish from encroachments of a sea animal. As a result, the likelihood of theft of fish products from cages is significantly reduced or completely eliminated.

The presence of external loops on the selections and internal loops on the veins of the cages of the pyramidal-truncated shape simplified the process of moving and securing the dividing canvas during manipulations with the cage, reduced labor costs and, as a result, improved working conditions, prevented damage to the net cage.

A square mesh delhi normalized the flow of water through the net, which made it possible to create optimal conditions for keeping fish, in this case, an improvement in the oxygen regime and leaching of fish metabolic products from the cage.

The original design of the net bag of the device will increase the life (charge) of the cage, optimize conditions and protect hydrobionts from “leaving” and encroachment of the sea animal, which will significantly reduce or eliminate the possibility of loss of fish products and will increase production efficiency.

Another advantage of the utility model is that the device is made of affordable and inexpensive materials, its manufacture does not require the use of complex technologies, which also gives a good economic result.

The proposed device for the cultivation of fish is mobile and compact for transportation, it is advantageous for use in fish farming in the waters of both freshwater and marine bodies of water.

Claims (5)

1. A device for growing fish, containing a closed floating circuit equipped with a railing frame mounted on the rail supports, a net bag placed on picks, hooks for hanging the net bag and cargo, characterized in that in accordance with the configuration of the railing frame: circle or polygon, the net bag has a truncated-pyramidal or truncated-conical shape, a delimited web of the walls of the bag is planted on rebounds in a square way; ropes are sewn into the dividing sheet of the walls along the height of the bag in the form of veins: parallel to the selection at a certain distance relative to each other and perpendicular to the selection at an equal distance relative to each other, while the lower selection is equipped with external loops for attaching goods to the bottom of the bag. 2. The device for growing fish according to claim 1, characterized in that the number and location of the outer loops on the bottom selection of the net bag is determined by the number and location of the angles formed at the junction of the walls of the net bag, and / or the number and location of suspended loads, sufficient for uniform tension of the web of the net bag walls along the entire perimeter. 3. The device for growing fish according to claim 1, characterized in that in the case of a truncated pyramidal shape of the net bag with a polygonal configuration of the rail frame, outer loops are made on its upper selection to secure the bag to the hooks in the corners of the rail frame. 4. The device for growing fish according to claim 1, characterized in that in the case of a truncated pyramidal shape of the net bag with a polygonal configuration of the rail frame, parallel loops carry out internal loops for securing the shared web on hooks in the corners of the rail frame when lifting the net bag. 5. A device for raising fish according to claims 3 and 4, characterized in that the number and location of the outer loops of the upper pick and the inner loops of the parallel veins of the net bag is determined by the number and location of the corners on the configuration of the rail frame.