CN109006613A - The full life cycle forms aquafarm of fish - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a marine pasture of fish life history type, which includes: sea forest type spawning protection reef, comprehensive cultivation type artificial fish reef and ecological type artificial fish reef; Based on the coastline, a forest-type spawning protection reef in the sea with a simulated seaweed bed as the main part is constructed in a sea area with a depth of 4-6 meters, and a protection reef is constructed in a sea area with a depth of 10-15 meters to protect juvenile fish. Comprehensive cultivation of artificial fish reefs based on resources, and construction of ecological artificial fish reefs that mainly attract adult fish in sea areas with a water depth greater than or equal to 20 meters. The fish life history marine ranch provided by the present invention can simultaneously provide places for spawning, larval fish cultivation, juvenile fish growth and adult fish habitat for rocky reef fish, migratory fish and cephalopods within the same marine ranch range , Effectively solve the problems of insufficient adult fish, small size, and limited industrial development in my country's leisure sea fishing industry.

Description

Fish life history marine ranching

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of marine pasture construction, and more specifically relates to a fish life-history type marine pasture.

Background technique

The construction of marine ranching is an important way to utilize marine fishery resources, and it is also an inevitable choice for ecological and scientific use of the sea. Taking Shandong Province as an example, the construction of marine ranches in the province has gradually shifted to recreational sea fishing since 2014, and various marine ranch companies have also successively launched coastal tourism and leisure projects focusing on sea fishing, sea leisure sightseeing, and sea special catering. Projects to attract a large number of tourists, so the number of people fishing in the marine ranch area is also increasing year by year.

However, with the continuous development of the leisure sea fishing industry, most of the operating companies are facing the same problem, that is, at the beginning of the operation, fishermen catch a large number of catches, but as the fishing grounds continue to operate, the catches The specifications are reduced year by year, and the quantity is gradually reduced.

Sufficient fish replenishment groups are one of the necessary conditions for the sustainable development of the recreational sea fishing industry. At present, the reef type, scale, and layout and planning of artificial reefs put into recreational sea-fishing marine pastures are basically based on the accumulation of adult fish. Moreover, the bottom-sowing multiplication-type marine pastures in the early stage were mainly stocked with rock reefs and small concrete components, and the purpose of stocking was mainly to proliferate algae and sea cucumbers and other bottom-dwelling aquatic economic animals. In the above two concepts of marine pasture construction, the problem of the source of adult fish is ignored, that is, the protection of larvae and juvenile fish resources is lacking.

Therefore, how to provide a marine pasture that can simultaneously protect fish eggs, larvae, juveniles and adults within the same sea area is an urgent problem to be solved by those skilled in the art.

Contents of the invention

In view of this, the present invention provides a kind of marine ranch with whole life history of fish, which provides places for laying eggs, cultivating larvae, growing up juveniles and inhabiting adults for rocky reef, migratory fish and cephalopods, Effectively solve the problems of insufficient adult fish, small size and limited industrial development in my country's leisure sea fishing industry.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

A fish life-history marine ranch, including: sea forest-type spawning protection reefs, comprehensive cultivation artificial reefs and ecological artificial reefs;

According to the spawning behavior and ecological characteristics of common coastal fish, cephalopods, and shellfish, and based on the coastline, a forest-type spawning protection reef in the sea, mainly simulating seaweed beds, is constructed in a sea area with a water depth of 4-6 meters. In sea areas with a water depth of 10 to 15 meters, comprehensive cultivation artificial reefs are constructed to protect juvenile fish resources, and in sea areas with water depths greater than or equal to 20 meters, ecological artificial reefs are constructed to attract adult fish.

Preferably, the forest-in-the-sea spawning protective reef includes: a main frame, an internal grid connected to the main frame, and artificial simulated seaweed hanging on the main frame and the internal grid.

Preferably, the main skeleton is welded by steel bars; the internal grid is formed by cross-bound steel bars or first ropes.

Preferably, the artificial simulated seaweed is made of a second rope of hemp or fiber, and a third rope with a diameter of 4-6mm and a length of 20-30cm is interspersed in the second rope.

Preferably, the comprehensive cultivation artificial fish reef includes: a main frame, a first string attachment base and a second string attachment base;

The main frame is a structure with an opening at the bottom; a first string-type attachment base is suspended on the upper part of the main frame, and a second string-type attachment base is suspended inside it.

Preferably, the main frame includes: a top frame and a side frame connected to the top frame; a space is enclosed by the top frame and the side frame; The attachment base, the second string type attachment base is suspended inside the space.

Preferably, the first string-type attachment base includes: a first hook, a floating ball connected to the first hook through a rope; a plurality of first attachment bases are arranged on the rope; on the top frame.

The second string-type attachment base includes: a second hook, a rope connected to the second hook, and a plurality of second attachment bases are installed on the rope; the second hook is hung on the top frame .

Preferably, the first attachment base and the second attachment base include: plastic plates or scallop shells.

Preferably, the length of the first string-type attachment base is 3-5 meters; the length of the second string-type attachment base is 2-3 meters.

Preferably, both the top frame and the side frames are provided with openings.

Preferably, the ecological artificial fish reef includes: a large concrete component reef with a main dimension of more than 2 meters, a waste bus or ship.

It can be known from the above-mentioned technical solutions that, compared with the prior art, the present invention discloses a marine ranch with a full life history of fish, which has the following technical effects:

1) The fish life history type marine ranch provided by the present invention fully considers the whole life history of fish, and provides spawning protection for rocky and migratory fish and cephalopods in the same marine ranch at the same time. Places where fish are reared, juveniles grow and adults live.

2) According to the spawning behavior and ecological characteristics of common coastal fish, cephalopods, and shellfish, and based on the coastline, build a marine forest-type spawning protection reef with a simulated seagrass bed as the main area in a sea area with a water depth of 4-6 meters , provide a birth bed for cephalopods such as octopus that lay adhesive eggs, and provide a shelter for hatchlings of fish.

3) The fish life history type marine ranch provided by the present invention, according to the behavioral characteristics of the main rocky economic fish juveniles in the marine ranch, builds a comprehensive cultivation in the range of 10-15 meters in water depth, which is mainly suitable for the habitat of its juveniles type artificial reef. Through the targeted design of the internal space and internal and external passages of the reef, it is only suitable for juvenile fish habitat, not adult fish habitat and sport fishing, making it the main habitat before the immature fish stage (before 3 years old). The attachment base of cultivated artificial fish reefs can also provide attachment bases for the metamorphosis of planktonic larvae such as blue mussels and scallops and the attachment of algae, and the excrement and algae of shellfish and fish can also provide attachment bases for bottom-dwelling sea cucumbers, etc. Provide bait.

4) The fish life history type marine ranch provided by the present invention relies on large-scale concrete component reefs with a main scale of more than 2 meters, or waste buses, ships, etc. to gather adult fish, and forms within a water depth of about 20 meters. Adult fish are caught in resource-rich sea fishing grounds to meet the growing demand for a large number of adult fish resources in the recreational sea fishing industry. At the same time, this type of reef has a large open space, which is more convenient for fishing enthusiasts to obtain catches.

5) The fish life history type marine ranch provided by the present invention can adjust the habitat capacity of fish in each life history stage in the same marine ranch area, according to the relationship of biodiversity in the ranch area, to reach the number of generations balance, so as to be able to continuously provide sufficient and a large number of adult catches for the recreational fishing industry in marine ranching areas.

Description of drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only It is an embodiment of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings according to the provided drawings without creative work.

Accompanying drawing of Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of fish whole life history type marine pasture provided by the present invention;

Accompanying drawing of Fig. 2 is the structural representation of main frame and internal grid provided by the present invention;

Fig. 3 accompanying drawing is the schematic diagram of the artificial simulation seaweed provided by the present invention;

Accompanying drawing of Fig. 4 is the effect figure in the sea of forest type spawning protective reef in the sea provided by the present invention;

Fig. 5 accompanying drawing is the structural representation of main frame provided by the present invention;

Fig. 6 accompanying drawing is the structural representation of the first string type attachment base provided by the present invention;

Fig. 7 accompanying drawing is the structural representation of the second series attachment base provided by the present invention;

Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the effect in the sea of the synthetically cultivated artificial fish reef provided by the present invention.

Detailed ways

The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

The embodiment of the present invention discloses a marine ranch with a full life history of fish, including: a forest-in-the-sea spawning protection reef 1, a comprehensive cultivation artificial reef 2 and an ecological artificial reef 3;

According to the spawning behavior and ecological characteristics of common coastal fish, cephalopods, and shellfish, and based on the coastline, build a forest-type spawning protection reef in the sea with a simulated seaweed bed as the main part in a sea area with a water depth of 4 to 6 meters. Construct artificial fish reefs 2 for comprehensive cultivation mainly to protect juvenile fish resources in sea areas with a water depth of 10 to 15 meters, and build ecological artificial reefs 3 mainly to attract adult fish in sea areas with a water depth of 20 meters or more.

In order to further optimize the above-mentioned technical scheme, the sea forest type spawning protective reef 1 includes: a main frame 11, an internal grid 12 connected to the main frame 11, and artificial simulated seaweed 13 hung on the main frame 11 and the internal grid 12 .

In order to further optimize the above-mentioned technical solution, the main frame 11 is welded by steel bars; the inner grid 12 is made by cross-bound steel bars or first ropes.

It should be noted here that the present invention does not limit the specific shape of the inner grid, which may be rectangular, preferably square.

In order to further optimize the above-mentioned technical solution, the artificial simulated seaweed 13 is made of a second rope of hemp or fiber, and a third rope with a diameter of 4-6mm and a length of 20-30cm is interspersed in the second rope.

In order to further optimize the above-mentioned technical solution, the comprehensive cultivation artificial fish reef 2 includes: a main frame 21, a first string attachment base 22 and a second string attachment base 23;

The main frame 21 is a structure with an opening at the bottom; a first string-type attachment base 22 is suspended on the upper part of the main frame 21 , and a second string-type attachment base 23 is suspended inside the main frame 21 .

In order to further optimize the above-mentioned technical solution, the main frame 21 includes: a top frame 211 and a side frame 212 connected to the top frame 211; the top frame 211 and the side frame 212 form a space; the top frame 211 is suspended with a first string type attachment base 22, and a second string type attachment base 23 is suspended inside the space.

It should be noted here that the shape of the space surrounded by the top frame and the side frames is not limited, and the space may be rectangular, more specifically, square.

What needs to be explained here is that the top frame and the side frame can be welded with steel bars to form a skeleton with the same mesh size, or they can be welded to form a skeleton with different mesh sizes, which can be adjusted according to the actual situation.

In order to further optimize the above-mentioned technical scheme, the first string type attachment base 22 includes: a first hook 221, a floating ball 222 connected to the first hook 221 by a rope; a plurality of first attachment bases 223 are arranged on the rope; the first hook 221 Hang on the top frame 211.

The second string attachment base 23 includes: a second hook 231 , a rope connected to the second hook 231 , and a plurality of second attachment bases 232 are installed on the rope; the second hook 231 is hung on the top frame 211 .

In order to further optimize the above technical solution, the first attachment base 223 and the second attachment base 232 include: plastic plates or scallop shells.

In order to further optimize the above technical solution, the length of the first string-type attachment base 22 is 3-5 meters; the length of the second string-type attachment base 23 is 2-3 meters.

What needs to be explained here is that the materials used for the first attachment base and the second attachment base may be the same or different; even attachment bases of different materials may be used on the same attachment base.

In order to further optimize the above technical solution, the top frame 211 and the side frame 212 are provided with openings 213, which is convenient for divers to enter into the main frame for observation.

In order to further optimize the above-mentioned technical solution, the ecological artificial reef 3 includes: a large concrete component reef with a main dimension of more than 2 meters, a waste bus or a ship.

The technical solutions of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific examples.

For the forest-in-the-sea spawning protection reef, the threaded steel bar with a diameter of 20mm or 25mm is welded into a frame structure as the main skeleton, and the internal grid uses ropes or steel bars according to the situation; in practical applications, in order to save materials, the internal grid can be replaced by ropes. steel bars. When the water depth is less than 5m, the main frame can be sunk into the seabed, and a number of artificial simulated seaweeds, such as 3m artificial simulated seaweeds, can be suspended on the upper part. When the water depth is greater than or equal to 5m, the main frame can be floated on the water surface by using the floating body, and a number of artificial simulated seaweeds are hung on the lower part, such as artificially simulated seaweeds of 5m. In actual implementation, a heavy object can be hung on the bottom of the suspended artificial simulated seaweed to prevent the artificial simulated seaweed from floating up due to the buoyancy of seawater. Artificially simulated seaweed can be selected according to local conditions. According to the height of the artificially simulated seaweed, a forest-in-the-sea artificial reef with a volume of 300-500 square meters is built.

For the comprehensive cultivation artificial fish reef, the main frame is welded with threaded steel bars with a diameter of 20mm or 25mm, the side length is 10 meters, and the height is 3 meters. The upper part of the main frame is attached with several strings of first string attachment bases through floating balls. The length is 3 to 5 meters, and several strings of second string attachment bases are hung inside, the length is 2 to 3 meters, which is convenient for the attachment of shellfish and algae. Wherein the first string-type attachment base and the second string-type attachment base can be made of items such as plastic plates or scallop shells. Openings are arranged around and on the top of the main frame to facilitate divers to enter the inside of the main frame for observation. The main frame of the comprehensive cultivation artificial reef is 300 square meters, plus the first string of attachment bases on the upper part is 600-800 square meters. It is suitable for placing in water depths of about 10-15 meters, with slow water flow and low risk of storm surges. sea area.

For the ecological artificial reefs, the artificial reefs made of reinforced concrete materials with a main dimension of more than 2 meters, or the abandoned buses and ships, etc., the formed empty volume can be set according to the needs of the actual marine ranch.

Each embodiment in this specification is described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on the difference from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts of each embodiment can be referred to each other. As for the device disclosed in the embodiment, since it corresponds to the method disclosed in the embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and for the related information, please refer to the description of the method part.

The above description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of full life cycle forms aquafarm of fish characterized by comprising marine crop type oviposition protection reef (1), comprehensive training Educate type artificial marine habitat (2) and ecological type artificial fish shelter (3)；

According to coastal Common Fish, siphonopods, shellfish oviposition behavior and ecological characteristic, based on coastline, the depth of water 4~ 6 meters of sea area building is constructed with simulating marine crop type oviposition protection reef (1) based on kelp bed in 10~15 meters of the depth of water of sea areas To protect the integrated cultural type artificial marine habitat (2) based on juvenile fish resource, and sea area building of the depth of water more than or equal to 20 meters with Trap the ecological type artificial fish shelter (3) based on adult fish.

2. the full life cycle forms aquafarm of a kind of fish according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the marine crop type produces Ovum protection reef (1) includes: main framing (11), the inner mesh (12) being connected on the main framing (11) and is hung on the master Manual simulation seaweed (13) on skeleton (11) and the inner mesh (12).

3. the full life cycle forms aquafarm of a kind of fish according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the main framing (11) It is formed by reinforcement welding；The inner mesh (12) is formed by reinforcing bar or the first rope stitch that intersects.

4. the full life cycle forms aquafarm of a kind of fish according to claim 2 or 3, which is characterized in that the artificial mould Quasi- seaweed (13) select the second rope of fiber crops or fiber to be made, and are interspersed with that diameter is 4-6mm, length is in second rope The third rope of 20-30cm.

5. the full life cycle forms aquafarm of a kind of fish according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the integrated cultural type Artificial marine habitat (2) includes: main frame (21), the first string data attachment base (22) and the second string data attachment base (23)；

The main frame is (21) bottom opening structure；Main frame (21) top is floating to hang with the first string data attachment base (22), The second string data attachment base (23) is hung with inside it.

6. the full life cycle forms aquafarm of a kind of fish according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the main frame (21) It include: top frame (211) and the lateral frame (212) being connected with the top frame (211)；The top frame (211) it encloses with the lateral frame (212) and is set as a space；It is floating at the top of the top frame (211) to hang with the attachment of the first string data Base (22), the space interior are hung with the second string data attachment base (23).

7. the full life cycle forms aquafarm of a kind of fish according to claim 6, which is characterized in that

The first string data attachment base (22) includes: the first hook (221), is connected by rope with first hook (221) Floating ball (222)；Multiple first attachment bases (223) are provided on the rope；First hook (221) is hung on the top On portion's frame (211)；

The second string data attachment base (23) includes: the second hook (231), the rope being connected with second hook (231), institute It states and multiple second attachment bases (232) is installed on rope；Second hook (231) is hung on the top frame (211).

8. the full life cycle forms aquafarm of a kind of fish according to claim 7, which is characterized in that first string data is attached Base (22) length be 3~5 meters；The length of the second string data attachment base (23) is 2~3 meters.

9. the full life cycle forms aquafarm of a kind of fish according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the top frame (211) and on the lateral frame (212) it is provided with opening (213).

10. the full life cycle forms aquafarm of a kind of fish according to claim 1, which is characterized in that ecological type artificial fish Reef (3) includes: huge concrete structure reef, waste and old bus or ship of the principal dimensions at 2 meters or more.