RU94038472A - Apparatus for molding construction products - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction industry. SUBSTANCE: apparatus has frame, die with bottom movable in vertical plane, punch movable in vertical plane, feeder and doser-slide valve movable in horizontal plane, with all members mentioned being coupled with frame. Die bottom, punch and doser-slide valve are connected with frame through drives. Punch drive has interacting auxiliary motion drive and pressing motion drive. Auxiliary motion drive has at least one drive cylinder with member movable relative to frame (stem) and coupled with punch. Drive cylinder has cavities positioned above and below piston communicated via first distributing valve to delivery and overflow manifolds. Pressing motion drive has rigidly interconnected hydraulic drive cylinders of small and large section positioned one above or behind the other. Hydraulic cylinders have interacting pistons. One hydraulic cylinder is connected with punch through member movable relative to frame. Hydraulic cylinder having larger section is communicated with atmosphere through drive cylinder cavity positioned below piston. According to one embodiment, small-section cavity below piston and large-section cavity above piston are communicated one with the other and filled with working fluid. According to other embodiment, piston cavities are separated by wall through which piston stem is hermetically extending, with small section cavity being communicated with atmosphere and large section cavity being filled with working fluid. In preferable embodiment large section cavity is connected with filling-discharge reservoir. Other embodiment has drive cylinders mounted in single housing. Auxiliary motion drive piston and larger section piston are formed as flanged sleeves. Punch is fixed on bottom of sleeve-type piston. Ready products are ejected from die by movable bottom and are pushed into receiver by doser-slide valve, which carries new portion of composition for manufacturing new product. EFFECT: improved uniform filling of die with composition to be pressed, wider operational capabilities, improved quality of products and reduced power consumption. 12 cl, 5 dwg

Claims (1)

The invention relates to devices for pressing mainly building products (blocks, bricks) from dry and slightly moist soils and their mixtures. The invention is aimed at improving the quality of products pressed precisely from dry and slightly moist soils and their mixtures, as well as energy saving. The proposed installation comprises a matrix with a vertically movable bottom, a vertically movable punch, a feeder and a horizontally movable slide dispenser connected to the frame, the bottom, punch and slide dispenser connected to the frame by means of drives. The drive of the punch is made up of auxiliary displacements interacting with each other and the drive of pressing displacements, the first of which contains at least one drive cylinder, in which the element (rod) movable relative to the frame is fastened to the punch, and the over- and sub-piston cavities are connected through the first distributor with pressure and discharge lines, while the drive of the pressing movements of the punch contains located one above / behind the other, rigidly connected to each other by the hydraulic cylinders of small and large shego cross sections with interacting between a piston, wherein one of the cylinders movable relative to the frame element associated with the plunger and cylinder of larger cross-sectional subpiston cavity - with the ambient atmosphere. In one embodiment, the subpiston cavity of small cross-section and the supra-piston cavity of larger cross section are made communicating with each other and filled with a working medium, and in another, a partition is made between the said cavities with a piston rod of small cross section hermetically passing through it, while the piston cavity of small cross section is connected with ambient atmosphere, and the piston cavity is filled with a working medium. In the most preferred embodiment, the supra-piston cavity of a larger cross section in the upper zone of the skull is disconnected from the additional drain tank. In one embodiment, all the drive cylinders are made in a single housing, in which the cavity is made annular, covering the piston cavity with a piston of small cross section, and the piston of the auxiliary displacement drive and the piston of larger cross section are in the form of a cup with an external flange in the area of its open end, as the piston is introduced into the annular cavity, while the punch is mounted on the bottom of the piston cup. To improve the uniformity of the filling of the matrix cavity with the pressed composition, the slide dispenser is made by its dispensing cavity beyond the matrix cavity. The ejection of finished products from the matrix is carried out by a moving bottom connected to the drive, and their pushing into the receiver is simultaneously carried out with a dosing gate, carrying a new dose of the pressed composition for the next product.