RU93474U1 - DEVICE FOR EXCLUSION OF TRANSVERSES IN GAS-TURBINE INSTALLATIONS AND COMPRESSORS - Google Patents

Abstract

 A device for eliminating leakages in a gas turbine unit and compressor (GTUiK) by installing a split casing with a fitting covering a shaft attached to the end face of the housing of the bearing units or housing of the GTUiK with the formation of a chamber for supplying neutral gas to the front, rear bearing units, end and inner seals, characterized in that the existing labyrinth seals on the suction of the compressor, the end and interstage seals in the GTUiK with the supply of neutral gas to prevent leakage, are preserved through labyrinth seals from the hot gas line going to the turbine, or from the gas outlet line after the turbine with pressure regulators and devices for cooling hot gases, and in the absence of oil mist, use atmospheric air under pressure, for example after the 1st or 2nd , or another compressor stage, with the necessary pressure.

Description

The utility model relates to the field of power engineering, compressor engineering of aircraft engine and turbine engineering.

There is a method of eliminating overflows in gas turbine units and compressors by installing aerodynamic labyrinth-screw seals (ALVU) in places of overflows. ALVU acting in the reverse flow direction exclude the exit of oil mist, vapors and drops of oil or gas (air) through the seals.

There are various types of seals that slightly reduce the flow of lubricating oil or gas, for example, using labyrinth, oil, and other seals, by blowing air or other gas into the seal. However, these seals do not completely exclude leakage, for example, the release of lubricating oil from the front bearing assembly through the existing labyrinth seal on the compressor suction and their contact with the blades and the compressor flow path, significantly reduce efficiency and productivity.

In the patent RU, No. 2323261, C1, (51), IPC F04D 29/10, on the suction, instead of the labyrinth seal, an aerodynamic labyrinth-screw seal (ALVU) is installed, closing it with a casing with a fitting, forming a chamber where nitrogen or other gas is supplied neutral to oil fog, vapors and drops of oil.

If there is no need to use neutral gas, then the casing is not installed, and the ALVU draws in atmospheric air from the room or supply of purified air, if necessary.

The disadvantage of this method is that it is necessary to install an expensive ALVU, with the reconstruction of the seal assembly, as well as a constant source of neutral gas, such as nitrogen.

To achieve a technical result in preventing overflows, and simplifying the task in gas turbine units and compressors, the existing labyrinth seals at the shaft inlet to the bearing assembly, end seals, interstage seals and generally wherever there are overflows associated with rotating shafts are retained. These sections are covered with a casing with fitting. The casing enclosing the shaft is attached to the end face of the housing of the bearing assembly or installation with the formation of a chamber for supplying gas or air neutral to oil mist, if this is not associated with the formation of an explosive mixture with oxygen.

The gas supplied to the turbine or gas from the exit of the turbine is used as a gas neutral to oil mist. At high temperature, a cooling device is installed. On the gas line from the turbine to the nozzle, a pressure regulator is installed on the casing. Using a pressure reducer, a pressure is established at which leakages of oil mist, vapors and oil droplets from the bearing assembly are excluded and do not interfere with the normal operation of the corresponding assembly.

When the pressure created in the casing exceeds that necessary to prevent overflow, oil mist, vapors and drops of oil may be carried into the atmosphere or the environment through an oil system connected to the atmosphere. In other cases, in the seals between the stages, increased pressure can reduce the effect of the seal in the process.

Oil mist, vapors and droplets of oil generated in the bearing assembly pass into the exhaust pipe, where the oil settled on the inner surface of the pipe goes down into the tank, and neutral gas, oil fog, in accordance with the MPC, goes through the exhaust pipe into the atmosphere. The pressure of compressed air or neutral gas must be such that only air, neutral gas or traces of oil will escape into the atmosphere. Basically, it depends on the diameter, the height of the chimney and the gas velocity.

Figure 1 shows the existing bearing assembly at the suction of the compressor and a split casing covering the compressor shaft with fastening to the end face of the housing of the bearing assembly with the formation of a chamber for supplying neutral gas.

Figure 1 shows: 1 - the housing of the bearing assembly; 2 - bearing; 3 - shaft; 4 - the existing labyrinth seal; 5 - fitting; 6 - split casing; 7 - control valve; 8 - contact pressure gauge with two positions; 9 - seal between the rotor and the flow part; 10 - rotor tube.

Figure 2 shows a view of a split casing along "A" with a fitting covering a rotating shaft: 5 - fitting, 6 - split casing.

Claims (1)

A device for eliminating overflows in a gas turbine unit and compressor (GTUiK) by installing a split casing with a fitting covering a shaft attached to the end face of the housing of the bearing units or housing of the GTUiK with the formation of a chamber for supplying neutral gas to the front, rear bearing units, end and inner seals, characterized in that the existing labyrinth seals on the suction of the compressor, the end and interstage seals in the GTUiK with the supply of neutral gas to prevent leakage, are preserved through labyrinth seals from the hot gas line going to the turbine, or from the gas outlet line after the turbine with pressure regulators and devices for cooling hot gases, and in the absence of oil mist, use atmospheric air under pressure, for example after the 1st or 2nd , or another compressor stage, with the necessary pressure.