RU92377U1 - DEVICE FOR FORMING BASED CARPET - Google Patents

Abstract

1. A device for forming a chipboard chipboard for manufacturing chipboard from a chip of different sizes provided with adhesive, having at least one pneumatic fractionating device (7) for fractionating the initial chip mixture into chip-fractionated chip flow and a screening device (12 ), which has at least one sieve inclined relative to the horizontal (13, 14) and is provided for location after the pneumatic fractionating device (7), when In this case, the sieving device (12) is designed to capture relatively large coarse chips provided for the manufacture of chip carpet from the fractionated chip flow, forming a base (20) onto which the fractioned chip flow through relative movement (19) between the forming base (20) and the pneumatic fractionating device (7) can be applied in at least two layers so that relatively uniform chips of the same size are located in the bottom chip carpet in the bottom layer, and directly on the layer we take relatively identical chips of another size, at least one mechanical fractionating device with at least one group (22) of sorting rolls, which are designed for the intended location above the forming base (20), so that the rolls (26 ) groups (22) of sorting rolls are aligned one after another in the direction of relative motion (19) parallel to each other and longitudinal axes transverse to the direction of relative motion (19) and can be rotated,

Description

A utility model relates to a device according to the preamble of paragraph 1 of the utility model formula. Such a device is also referred to as a forming machine. Chips here are understood, in particular, wood chips.

A device of this kind is known from DE 20203427 U1. It serves for the manufacture of a chipboard, which consists of three or more layers of chips of various sizes. Moreover, it contains a middle layer of relatively large chips compared to the lower and upper covering layers, which have a relatively small chip. The formation of the carpet chip provided for the manufacture of such a chipboard is carried out by means of a pneumatic fractionating device, by means of which the chip is deposited with the appropriate layers of chips of various sizes on the forming base. Moreover, the shavings in the carpet are not oriented relative to their longitudinal direction, but are scattered randomly. Chipboards pressed from such a carpet are the so-called furniture (wood) chipboards.

Another type of chipboard is the so-called building chipboard, which is usually composed of three layers, but the middle layer is made up of small or thin chips, and the two covering layers consist of larger or larger (coarse) chips. This plate may also contain more than three layers.

Building chipboard is, in turn, of two types. One type of building chipboard is a structurally oriented board (Oriented Structural Board or OSB or Strandboard), in which the large chips in the coating layers are uniformly oriented in a certain direction. In the case of Strandboard (chipboard from large chips) we are talking about a plate of long chips. It can reach, for example, a length of 60-80 mm and a width of 10-15 mm. A modification of the OSB board is a board, referred to here as OSB / OPB, wherein ODS means “Oriented Particle Board”. In this plate, large shavings are relatively slightly smaller.

Another type is the so-called waffle plate. In such a plate, large chips, that is, “wafer” (square large-sized chips), are oriented in the coating layers in any direction. In the wafer plate, the chips with the same length have a large width, namely, a width of about 30-60 mm.

Another type of chipboard is represented by a slab designated here as a NOPB ("Non-Oriented Wood Particle Slab"), which is structured like a wafer, but has large chips, such as OSB / OPB. This means that in the NOPB (Non-Oriented Particle Board), the large chips are smaller than in the wafer, but also not oriented.

In a furniture chipboard, in most cases, the chips are about 30 mm long and in most cases about 3 mm wide. Such chips can, for example, be made of bulky chips due to additional crushing by means of a disintegrator.

The process, including drying and sieving, is similar for furniture chipboards and building chipboards. Glue application on large-sized shavings is carried out in a special gluing machine. For furniture chipboards, a conventional gluing machine is used. For the manufacture of building chipboards, glue is applied separately to large and small chips, and then they are brought into the initial mixture. The corresponding initial mixture is fed to the forming machine.

For the manufacture of a carpet for a building chipboard, it is required, in connection with the above-described differences in structure, a correspondingly forming machine with different design parameters than for the manufacture of a carpet for furniture chipboard. In less densely populated areas of the Earth, it is difficult to ensure the loading of a forming machine, provided either for the manufacture of carpet for furniture chipboard or for the manufacture of carpet for construction chipboard, even if it is designed for relatively low power.

Therefore, the objective of the utility model is to offer a forming machine of the indicated type, which provides the possibility of manufacturing chip carpets, both for furniture chipboards and for building chipboards.

This problem is solved by the features of paragraph 1 of the utility model formula. The device is used for continuous or periodic formation of chipboard, provided for the production of chipboards. It has a pneumatic fractionating device. The fractionating device is used to fractionate the initial mixture of chips, while there is a chip stream fractionated by the size of the chips. Further, the device has a screening device with one or more screens. The sieve is inclined relative to the horizontal and is intended for installation in a fractionated chip stream. Shavings of fractionated chip flow have a motion path with horizontal and vertical motion components. In this case, large chips are transported in the horizontal direction less far than small chips. The sieve is positioned in the intended position, so that relatively large chips can be captured from the chip stream, while the smallest and smallest chips pass through the sieve. Thus, the chips depending on their size fall at different points in time on the forming base. There is relative motion between the forming base and the fractionating device. This means that either the forming base moves relative to the fractionating device or vice versa. Due to this relative movement, the formation of layers on a forming basis occurs, with at least two layers of chips of various sizes. But even inside one layer, if you look at the thickness of the layer, there may be slightly different chip sizes.

Further, the device has a mechanical fractionating device with at least one group of sorting rolls. Also, this group of sorting rolls is designed in such a way that it can be located above the forming base. The group of sorting rolls has a number of rolls, which in the case of such provided positioning of the group of rolls are arranged sequentially in the direction of relative motion or, accordingly, in the longitudinal direction of the forming base. The rolls are parallel to each other, while their longitudinal axis is oriented across the relative motion. The rolls can all be driven in rotation in the same direction of rotation, but they can also be individually or in groups driven in rotation with different directions of rotation. In particular, it can be provided, for example, that the latter relative to the group of rolls in the direction of conveyance of the chips rolls rotates in the opposite direction relative to other rolls. Also, this group of sorting rolls serves to ensure that the initial mixture of chips through the influence of the rolls can be applied to the forming base in layers with chips of various sizes. To this end, the chips of the initial mixture are fed to a group of sorting rolls, and relatively small chips immediately upon receipt fall between two adjacent rolls on the forming base located below them. Larger chips, on the contrary, are transported a bit further by a group of rolls in the longitudinal direction of the forming base. Thus, the larger chips fall on the forming base at a later point in time and, therefore, in a different place than the small chips. It is possible that a sufficiently large chip does not fall at all between adjacent rolls, and at the end of a group of sorting rolls it simply falls onto the forming base.

If the pneumatic fractionating device and the screening device are suitable for spreading or spreading the chips provided for the manufacture of furniture chipboards, the mechanical fractionating device is suitable for spreading the chips provided for the manufacture of building chipboards.

The device according to the utility model is characterized in that it is designed in such a way that it can be operated selectively and alternatively in the first and second operating mode. In the first operating mode, a pneumatic fractionating device is operated or operated and interacts with a screening device to make a chip carpet for furniture chipboard. In the second operating mode, instead of a pneumatic fractionating device, a mechanical fractionating device functions to make a chip carpet for a building chipboard. In particular, the fabricated building chipboard may be an OSB / OPB board.

The device according to the utility model provides the possibility of using it both for the manufacture of chipboard carpet for furniture chipboards, and for building chipboards. This creates good conditions for efficient device boot.

Preferably, the group of sorting rolls is arranged so that the distance between the respective adjacent rolls is adjustable. In particular, the distance between adjacent rolls may increase in the direction of conveyance of the chips on the group of rolls. This provides a relatively small difference in the distribution of chip size over the thickness of the coarse chip layer. Larger chips fall, as a rule, only at a later point in time on the forming base than smaller chips. However, the distances between the rolls may be uniform or differ in any other way.

Preferably, the distances between adjacent rolls in the sorting roll group are selected such that substantially all of the chips fall between any pair of adjacent rolls. Thus, there are no shavings that would fall on the forming base only at the end of the group of sorting rolls. Such a fraction of the chips, despite the differences in the size of the chips, enters the forming base at a certain point in time or is caught if this chip does not have to get into the chip carpet to be formed.

The device may also contain a group of averaging rolls. A group of averaging rolls is provided under said at least one sieve of the screening device, so that the chips captured by the sieve fall on this group of rolls. The rolls can all be driven in rotation in the same direction of rotation, but they can also be individually or in groups driven in rotation with different directions of rotation. Further, it can also be provided that, due to the intended arrangement of the group of averaging rolls, the chips of fractionated chip flow can also fall on this group of rolls, which is quite large or, accordingly, represents the largest chip of the initial mixture and the path of which does not reach the sieve. The rolls of the group of averaging rolls in their intended positioning are parallel to each other and their longitudinal axis transverse to the relative motion so that between the adjacent rolls a partial stream of averaged large chips falls correspondingly on the forming base or the created chip carpet. Distances or clearances between adjacent rolls may be uniform or differ in any other way. In particular, the distance between the rolls can be adjusted.

Advantageously, the screening device has a second screen, which is located after the first screen. Due to the smaller size of the openings of the second sieve, another fraction of the chips passing through the first sieve is separated. The screener may have other sieves, respectively.

The device may also have a group of orientation rolls, which is designed in such a way that it can be located between the forming base and the group of sorting rolls above the forming base. A group of orientation rolls, which may be simplified as an orientation group, is known per se. It is arranged in such a way that a larger chip, which in the course of the group of sorting rolls falls through it, falls between the rolls of the group of orienting rolls only when it is oriented in its longitudinal direction parallel to the relative motion. This longitudinal orientation is created by the rolls of the orienting group. In particular, the rolls can be disk rolls, which in the relative direction of movement partially overlap with each other due to their displacement relative to each other in the transverse direction. The orientation group is used if it is necessary to make OSB boards or OSB / OPB boards.

The distances between the rollers of the orienting group can be adjusted, but can be the same or different.

Advantageously, the orienting group is adjustable in vertical distance relative to the forming base. The greater the distance between the orienting group and the forming base, the less its impact on the orientation of the chips. This is due to the fact that the chips that leave the orienting group with the corresponding longitudinal orientation again partially or completely lose this orientation in the area of incidence onto the forming base.

If it is necessary to make an OSB board or an OSB / OPB board having more than three layers, an orientation group can also be provided in which the chips are oriented in the direction of relative motion.

According to the utility model, the forming machine is arranged in such a way that it has means for simple readjustment from the first mode to the second operating mode and vice versa. The changeover time can be as little as a few hours.

The readjustment means are designed mainly in such a way that the screening device can move substantially transverse to the relative motion direction to the operating position in which it is located after the pneumatic fractionating device, and move back from it. Advantageously, this possibility of movement is also provided for a group of averaging rolls. Accordingly, also a group of sorting rolls and / or a group of orienting rolls can move mainly across the direction of relative motion to and from the working position. This possibility of movement can also be provided only for one or more groups of rolls.

Thanks to the mentioned possibilities of movement, the forming machine can be structurally changed in such a way that only those aggregates that are necessary for forming a chip carpet (spreading of the carpet) are in the formation zone (spreading). Thus, other units cannot interfere with dispersion.

In turn, the means of readjustment can also be calculated in such a way that individual units will not be used in the formation (flooring by spreading) of the carpet. In addition to turning the pneumatic fractionating device on and off, it is also possible to change the distances between the rolls of the groups of rolls, that is, in particular, increase the distances between the rolls so that chips of an appropriate size fall directly between two adjacent rolls. It is equally possible to increase the size of the sieve openings so that the sieves will practically no longer have any effect.

The readjustment tools can be designed for electrical control, so that the readjustment of the machine is carried out only by the corresponding manual supply of a pulse by pressing a button. As an alternative, it also seems possible that the readjustment means can be manually controlled.

To form a chipboard carpet for a three-layer chipboard based on a utility model, it is necessary to arrange one after another working in countercurrent (in opposite directions) two of the above described embodiments of the device according to the utility model in the direction of relative motion. The arrangement is such that the first partial device forms the lower of the two covering layers and half of the middle layer of the chip carpet, and the second partial device then forms the second half of the middle layer and the upper covering layer.

Below the utility model is explained in more detail based on examples of implementation, while reference is made to the drawings:

Figure 1 is a schematic side view of a device according to a utility model in operational mode for the manufacture of chipboard carpet for furniture chipboard,

Figure 2 is a schematic side view of the device of figure 1, after its readjustment to the operating mode for the manufacture of chipboard for OSB / OPB boards,

Figure 3 is a schematic top view of the device of figure 1,

Figure 4 is a schematic front view of the device of figure 1,

5 is a schematic side view of another embodiment of a device according to a utility model in which the units used for both operating modes cannot be moved.

Figure 1 shows a device 1 for the continuous formation (flooring by spreading) of a shaving carpet from shavings of various sizes, equipped with a bonding agent. In this case, the initial mixture of chips (not shown) is conveyed to the device 1 in a known manner by the conveyor belt 2 in the known manner. As the conveyor belt 2 moves in the direction of arrow 3, the chips through the opening 5 of the device body 6 are discharged into the action zone of the pneumatic fractionating device 7.

The pneumatic fractionating device 7 has a register 8, from which the separating air 10 exits horizontally. In the direction of movement of the separating air 10, a screening device 12 is then located. The screening device 12 has a first screen 13 and a second screen 14 located after it. Both screens 13, 14 tilted relative to the horizontal. The sieve 13 has a larger hole size than the sieve 14. The screening device 12 may have more than two sieves.

Under the first sieve 13 is a group of 16 rolls, which is designed to average (homogenize) the size of the incoming chips. Group 16 averaging rolls has a number of rolls 17, which are parallel to each other and across the direction of motion 19 made in the form of a tape forming the base 20. The rolls 17 can be located at the same or at different distances from each other. Mostly the distance between the rollers 17 is adjustable. The rollers 17 can all be driven in rotation in the same direction of rotation, but they can also be individually or in groups driven in rotation with a different direction of rotation.

The principle of operation of the device 1 of figure 1 is as follows. The chips of the initial mixture initially fall vertically downward through the opening 5 and then fall into the separating air 10. This air 10 acts in such a way that the initial mixture is fractionated into the fractionated chip stream. At the same time, small chips have a longer path (flight) than larger chips. Larger chips do not reach the first sieve 13, and having described a relatively short trajectory falls on a group of 16 averaging rolls. A slightly smaller, but still large chip comes to the first sieve 13, is caught by it and falls down along the first sieve 13 to a group 16 of averaging rolls. Fine chips pass through the first sieve 13 and are captured by the second sieve 14, and from it it enters the forming base 20. The smallest chips also pass through the second sieve 14 and only then fall onto the forming base 20.

The chips that fell into the group of 16 averaging rolls are intensively mixed by it and averaged by size. Between adjacent rollers 17, a partial stream of averaged (homogenized) fractionated mixture with respect to coarse chips, respectively, passes through the forming base 20.

Due to the movement of the forming base 20 in the direction of the arrow 19, relative movement occurs between the device 1 and the forming base 20. Alternatively, also, the device 1 can be made movable, and the forming base 20 during the formation process can be fixed.

In the relative movement between the device 1 and the forming base 20 shown in FIG. 1, the large shavings falling from the group 16 of averaging rolls fall into place on the forming base 20 earlier than the smaller shavings that fall through the second sieve 14. As a result, first on forming base 20 forms a layer (not shown) of larger chips, and on it a layer of small chips. This means that the device 1 of FIG. 1 can be used to form the upper half of the middle layer and the upper covering layer of the chipboard for furniture chipboard. A full chip carpet for such a furniture chipboard can be made due to the fact that a corresponding device, such as shown in Fig. 1, is arranged in countercurrent (in the opposite direction of operation) relative to the device shown in Fig. 1. This additional device provides the formation of a lower the covering layer and the lower half of the middle layer of the carpet for furniture chipboard due to the operation of the pneumatic fractionating device 7 counter (in the opposite direction) direction 19 dv zheniya.

In the figures, the same features are indicated by the same positions. In figure 2, the device 1 is presented in the operating mode, which provides for the formation of chip carpet for building chipboard. Register 8 is turned off so that the separation air does not exit. Further, the screening device is removed from the coverage area, as described below. This also applies to group 16 averaging rolls.

Instead, between the opening 5 of the housing and the forming base 20 are a group of 22 sorting rolls and a group of 24 alignment rolls. Group 22 sorting rolls has rolls 26, which are parallel to each other, and their longitudinal axes are transverse to the direction of motion 19. All rolls 26 can be rotated in the same direction of rotation. For example, the rolls 26 in the image shown in figure 2 can be rotated in the same direction to the right. However, the rolls 26 can also be individually or in groups set in motion with different directions of rotation. In particular, it can be provided, for example, that the latter - relative to the group of rolls - in the direction of conveyance of the chips, the roll rotates in the opposite direction relative to other rolls. Between the individual rollers 26, a correspondingly adjustable distance is provided, which in the direction of movement 19 can constantly increase slightly (not shown). Due to this different distance between adjacent rolls 26, the chips of the feed mixture fall between the roll pair of the group 22 sorting rolls the later, the larger it is. Due to this, the chips are sorted by its size. Advantageously, the initial mixture of chips and the distance between the rolls are mutually agreed so that all the chips fall at some point between the roll pair of the group 22 sorting rolls. However, the distances between adjacent rolls 26 may also differ differently or be the same.

Fallen chips fall into a group of 24 orientation rolls. It has disk rolls 28, which in the transverse direction relative to the direction of movement 19 are located with some offset from one another and somewhat overlap each other. The distance between the disk rolls 28 in the transverse direction may be, for example, 30 mm. Due to the fact that the chips fall onto the disk rolls 28, it is oriented in the longitudinal direction of the forming base 20 by rotating the disk rolls 28, that is, in the direction of movement 19, and then falls between the rolls 28 onto the forming base 20. The group of orientation rolls 24 can be adjusted according to the distance that separates it from the group 22 of sorting rolls or, respectively, the forming base 20. The smaller the distance to the forming base 20, the better the created chip orientation is retained when the chips fall vertically Group 24 orienting rollers to form the basis of 20.

Figure 3 shows the device 1 in the operating mode with figure 1 in a top view, while the conveyor belt 2 is not shown. Also not shown screening device 12 and the register 8.

A group of 22 sorting rolls and a group of 24 alignment rolls are mounted on a trolley 30, which is suspended by four or, if necessary, a larger number of rollers 31 on the rails 32 across the direction of travel 19. If the device 1 needs to be switched to another operating mode, namely to the mode of manufacturing chip carpets for building chipboards, the trolley 30 with both groups of 22 and 24 rolls through the opening 34 of the housing, which is closed by a valve 35, according to arrow 33 enters the housing 6. Opposite , group 16 averaging rolls and sieving device 12 move out according to arrow 36 from the housing 6. For this, a similar movable mechanism (not shown) is used as for groups 22, 26 of sorting and orienting rolls.

In Fig. 4, the device 1 is shown in the operating position according to Fig. 3 in a front view, while the conveyor belt 2 is also shown. Four rollers 31 are not shown, as well as a screening device 12, a group 16 of averaging rolls and a register 8.

In the device 1, for example, the trolley 30, the rollers 31, the rails 32 and the valve 35 belong to the aforementioned changeover means. These also include a drive mechanism not shown.

The device in figure 5 is indicated by 1 '. The device 1 ', as well as the device 1, has the corresponding units for both described operating modes, in particular, a fractionating device 7 with a register 8, a sieving device 12 with a first sieve 13 and a second sieve 14, a group 16 of averaging rolls and a group 24 of orientation rolls. Unlike the device 1, the units required for the corresponding operating mode, namely the screening device 12 and the group 16 of averaging rolls or the group 22 of sorting rolls and the group 24 of alignment rolls, cannot move. Instead, it is envisaged that, in addition to the possibility of turning off the register 8, the distances between the rolls of the roll groups 22 and 24 can also be increased so that both roll groups practically do not affect the initial chip mixture falling through the opening 5 of the housing 6. Also, the corresponding size of the openings of the sieves 13, 14 can be increased so that the effect of both sieves is practically eliminated. Also, the distances between the rolls 17 of the group 16 of averaging rolls can be increased so that the roll group 16 practically no longer affects the chips falling on the forming base 20 in the sorting roll group 22 or the alignment roll group 24. In the device 1 ', for example, mechanisms not shown for adjusting the distance between the rollers and the size of the sieve openings refer to the above-mentioned readjustment means.

Claims (16)

1. A device for forming a chipboard chipboard for manufacturing chipboard from a chip of different sizes provided with adhesive, having at least one pneumatic fractionating device (7) for fractionating the initial chip mixture into chip-fractionated chip flow and a screening device (12 ), which has at least one sieve inclined relative to the horizontal (13, 14) and is provided for location after the pneumatic fractionating device (7), when In this case, the sieving device (12) is designed to capture relatively large coarse chips provided for the manufacture of chip carpet from the fractionated chip flow, forming a base (20) onto which the fractioned chip flow through relative movement (19) between the forming base (20) and the pneumatic fractionating device (7) can be applied in at least two layers so that relatively uniform chips of the same size are located in the bottom chip carpet in the bottom layer, and directly on the layer we take relatively identical chips of another size, at least one mechanical fractionating device with at least one group (22) of sorting rolls, which are designed for the intended location above the forming base (20), so that the rolls (26 ) groups (22) of sorting rolls are aligned one after another in the direction of relative motion (19) parallel to each other and longitudinal axes transverse to the direction of relative motion (19) and can be rotated, so that the initial mixture of chips supplied to the group (22) of sorting rolls is applied to the forming base (20) in at least two layers in such a way that relatively equal chips of the same size are located in the bottom chip carpet, but in the lying one directly a relatively uniform chip of a different size is deposited on it, due to the choice of the distance between adjacent rolls (26) so that larger chips beyond a certain size do not immediately after the sorting rolls arrive at the group (22) between two adjacent rolls (26), characterized in that the device is designed in such a way that it selectively operates in the first mode of operation, in which the pneumatic fractionating device (7) operates and interacts with a screening device (12) to produce a chip carpet for a furniture chipboard, or alternatively in a second operating mode in which a mechanical fractionation device (22) is operated to produce a chipboard carpet for a building chipboard. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the distance between the respective adjacent rolls (26) of the sorting roll group (22) in the direction of chip transportation increases or remains unchanged. 3. The device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the distance between the respective adjacent rolls (26) of the sorting roll group (22) is selected in such a way that essentially all the chips fall between any pair of adjacent rolls (26) . 4. The device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized by a group (16) of averaging rolls, which is designed as a unit for averaging the supplied chips by size, while the rolls (17) can be arranged sequentially one after another parallel to each other and oriented transverse to the direction of relative motion (19) by the longitudinal axes and rotated, and between adjacent rolls (17) there is an adjustable gap that allows a partial flow of averaged chips, respectively, with the group (16) of averaging rolls provided middle location so that captured by sieving device (12) chips supplied to the group (16) of averaging the rolls, as well as comprising also the most part large chips pneumatically fractionated particleboard stream and that the partial streams can be scattered onto the forming base (20). 5. The device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the screening device (12) has two or more screens inclined relative to the horizontal (13, 14), which are designed to be arranged successively one after another in the longitudinal direction of the forming base ( 20), while the sieves (13, 14) have a decreasing size of the holes as they move away from the fractionating device (7). 6. The device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the device has a group (24) of alignment rolls, which is provided for positioning between the forming base (20) and the sorting roll group (22) located above the forming base (20), and it is calculated in such a way that a larger chip, which, when passing through the group (22) of sorting rollers, falls through it, falls between the rollers (28) of the group (24) of orienting rollers with a change in the longitudinal orientation so that their longitudinal orientation is essentially parallel to direction of relative motion (19). 7. The device according to claim 6, characterized in that the rolls of the group (24) of orienting rolls are disk rolls (28), while in the direction of relative motion (19) adjacent disk rolls (28) partially overlap. 8. The device according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the group (24) of orienting rolls is adjustable in its vertical distance to the forming base (20). 9. The device according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the device (1) has means for readjustment from the first mode to the second mode of operation and vice versa. 10. The device according to claim 9, characterized in that the readjustment means are designed so that the screening device (12) can move across the direction of relative movement (19) to the working position located after the pneumatic fractionating device (7) and back from it. 11. The device according to claim 10 and at least according to claim 4, characterized in that the readjustment means are designed in such a way that, in addition, the group (16) of averaging rolls can move across the direction of relative motion (19) to the one after the pneumatic fractionating device (7) operating position, and back out of it. 12. The device according to one of claims 9 to 11, characterized in that the readjustment means (30, 31, 32) are designed in such a way that the group (22) of sorting rolls can move across the direction of relative motion (19) to the working position and vice versa out of him. 13. The device according to item 12 and at least according to claim 6, characterized in that the means (30, 31, 32) of readjustment are calculated in such a way that in addition the group (24) of orienting rolls can move across the direction of relative motion ( 19) to the working position and back out of it. 14. The device according to one of claims 9 to 13, characterized in that the readjustment means are designed in such a way that they allow you to change the distance between the rollers of at least one roll group (16, 22, 24) and / or the size of the holes, according to at least one sieve (13, 14). 15. The device according to one of paragraphs.9-14, characterized in that the means (30, 31, 32) of the changeover are designed for electrical or manual control. 16. Forming machine, which has two corresponding located in the direction of relative motion (19) one after another, but working in opposite directions of the device according to claims 1-15.