RU81723U1 - PRODUCTION DEPARTMENT FOR PROCESSING OIL SLUDGES WITH PRODUCTION OF COMMODITY PRODUCTS - Google Patents

Abstract

The proposed utility model relates to the field of the oil and oil refining industry and can be used for complex processing and disposal of solid (pasty) oily waste products to produce marketable products. The objective of the proposed utility model is the creation of a new production unit, the set of equipment of which ensures the selective extraction of oil products from oil sludge and the disposal of the solid phase separated from oil sludge. The technical result that can be obtained by implementing the proposed utility model is to increase the degree of extraction of petroleum products, reduce oil losses with production wastes, and simultaneously obtain highly liquid marketable products from Portland waste - Portland cement, which is in constant and steady demand among consumers, including for oil refining , oil and petrochemical industries. The problem is solved with the achievement of the above technical result by the proposed technical solution - a useful model "Production Department for the processing of oil sludge to produce marketable products", including the following technological equipment: receiving tank, dispenser, tank with a stirrer for the preparation of solutions of high molecular weight surfactants , three-phase centrifuge, collectors of water and oil phases, containers-collectors of a solid phase, a device for heat treatment of solid phases , Prefabricated container heat-treated materials, piping, pumps, valves and control valves. New to

The proposed utility model is that after the receiving tank a heated reactor-repulator with a stirrer and a loading hatch for raw materials is installed, on the lid of the reactor-repulpator there are nozzles for connection with a WWW dispenser, a dispenser connected to a flow tank of volatile oil fractions, a collection tank of the oil phase and the circulation tank (14) of the circulating solution of calcium chloride, the lower discharge pipe of the repulpant tank is directed to a settling-separation column connected to the circulation tank a calcium chloride circulating solution, an oil phase collector, the outlet of which is directed to a repulpator reactor, an oil phase storage and storage tank, the discharge unit of the settling and separation column is directed to a wet sediment collector container connected to a three-phase centrifuge having connections to the circulation tank a circulating solution of calcium chloride, an oil phase collecting tank and a dehydrated sludge container connected to a mixer to which a finely ground limestone dispenser is connected, inlet dispenser is directed from the supply tank. The mixer has a connection to a heat treatment device, in which a cylindrical rotary calcining furnace is installed, equipped with a firebox having a connection with the storage and storage capacity of the oil phase, the discharge unit of the calcining furnace is directed to a collection tank of heat-treated and calcined materials, connected to a crushing and grinding unit , the output of marketable products from which is directed to sequentially installed storage and storage tanks and a filling machine.

Description

The proposed utility model relates to the field of the oil and oil refining industry and can be used for complex processing and disposal of solid (pasty) oily waste products to produce marketable products.

A technical solution is known (RF Patent No. 2261894 for application No. 2004111350/04 with a priority of 04/19/2004; Published on 10/10/2005; IPC ⁸ C10G 33/06; B01D 21/28. "A method for preparing oil sludge for processing and installation for its implementation ").

The known installation includes the following basic equipment: the receiving tank of the original sludge with steam registers inside, a vibrating screen with drain, an intermediate tank for receiving oily liquid, a pump, a container for collecting separated impurities, and the tank is equipped with a mesh or mesh box with cells of at least 25 mm and has a cover. The installation, in addition, contains a pump, a sand separator (hydrocyclone) and an oil-containing liquid feed tank.

The processing of oil waste at the installation of the prototype is as follows.

The original liquid oil sludge from emergency oil spills or temporary storage places is served on the grid of the receiving tank. Fragments of mechanical impurities larger than 25 mm are retained on the grid. The tank is filled with the initial slurry to a level of no more than 10 cm from the upper edge, after which the tank is closed with lids. Oil

the sludge is heated for several hours using steam registers with saturated steam to a temperature of at least 70 ° C. To control the temperature of the heating of the sludge, a thermometer with a rod holder is used. The oil sludge heated to a pumped state is pumped to a vibrating screen with a mesh size of 0.16 mm. Sludge supply is regulated by a valve on the pressure pipe of the pump. On a vibrating screen, separation of mechanical impurities larger than 0.15 mm occurs, which, as a result of linear vibrations, is discharged into the container. After separation of large fractions, an oily liquid from the first intermediate tank is pumped to a sand separator (hydrocyclone), where mechanical impurities of more than 0.05 mm are separated. The purified liquid enters the second intermediate tank, from where it is pumped into the raw material tank of known plants or directly to the decanter. Particles of mechanical impurities separated by centrifugal forces from the sand separator are discharged into a container.

The known technical solution allows to reduce the contamination of oil sludge - (solid phase) by 15-20%.

A disadvantage of the well-known "Installation" is that it does not contain the necessary equipment for the selective extraction of oil and / or oil products and their return to production, in addition, the known installation does not provide for the possibility of disposal in the form of marketable products of a solid phase extracted from oil waste.

Of the known analogues, the closest in technical essence and the achieved result to the proposed utility model is the well-known technical solution - "Production Department for the processing of oil sludge" (RF Patent PM PM No. 72973) - adopted as a PROTOTYPE.

The production department of the prototype includes (see Fig. 1): a heated receiving tank for the source of oily waste (1), a strainer (2), an intermediate tank (3), pumps, pipelines,

a solid phase container (4) and an oil-containing fraction collecting tank (5), intermediate tanks have connections to metering tanks for solutions of coagulants (6), demulsifiers (8) and flocculants (9), and the outlet (10) from the intermediate tank is directed to the input (11) a three-phase high-speed centrifuge (12), which is connected to a collector of oil (5) and water (15) phases and a container (4) for the solid phase - sediment discharged from the container (4) into the hopper-feeder (14) of the drum thermal desorber (15) heated by flue gases (16), the thermal desorber is equipped with a capture unit the disposal and utilization of the gas-vapor mixture (17) and the discharge device (18) connected to the collection container of the heat-treated sludge (19), the outlet of which is directed to the metering hopper (20) connected to the recovery tank (21), on the lid of which a pipe connected to a sequentially installed dispenser (22) and a container (23) for the preparation and dosage of surfactants that hydrophilize the surface of the particles of heat-treated sludge isolated from oil sludge, the lower pipe from the recovery tank (21) has connection with a two-phase centrifuge (24), the output of which is directed to the collection tank (25) of the aqueous phase connected to the recovery tank (21), the output of the solid phase is directed to the sludge collection tank (26) connected to the mixing device (27 ) to which a bunker-batcher (28) of pre-activated magnesium-containing oxide materials is connected, for example chrysotile asbestos and / or caustic magnesite, a bunker-batcher (29) of crushed magnesium chloride melt of the process of magnetothermal production of sponge titanium and a bunker-batcher (30) mercury filler - shredded and dried wood waste, such as wood sawdust, the discharge hatch of the mixing device has a connection with a screw feeder (31), directed to the redistribution (32) of molding, heat treatment and pressing of the composite mixture with

receipt of marketable products - blocks sold for the construction of various buildings and structures.

The technical solution for the prototype - Utility model "Production Department for the processing and disposal of oil sludge" works and is operated as follows (see Fig. 1).

Initial oil sludge, “oiled” land, liquid oil waste from the surface of ponds, etc., extracted from oil sludges, ponds, oil barns, etc. load through a loading hatch into a heated receiving-averaging tank (1) equipped with a mixer, from this tank (1) oil sludge - oil-containing waste is pumped using a pump (2) into an intermediate heated and heat-insulated tank (3) equipped with a mixing device and having a connection with metering tanks (7), (8) and (9) solutions of coagulants (7), demulsifiers (8) and flocculants (9). Oil sludge heated to 100 ± 5 ° С and treated with chemical reagents - oil-containing waste is sent through a pipe (10) to the inlet (11) of a three-phase centrifuge (12), in which the oil, water and solid phases are separated, which are sent to the corresponding collectors ( 5), (13) and container (4) for partially dehydrated sludge: the residual content of the liquid phase in the sludge after a three-phase centrifuge is »25% (20% is the oil phase, 5% is the aqueous phase). This precipitate is unloaded from the container (4) into the hopper-feeder (14) of the drum thermal desorber (15), the outer surface of which is heated by flue gases (16). Petroleum products - in the form of a gas-vapor mixture, are removed from the thermal desorber and enter the unit (17) for collecting and utilizing the gas-vapor mixture. The heat-treated sludge through the unloading device (18) enters the collection container (19), then into the dosing hopper (20), from which the sludge is sent to the recovery tank (21), filled with circulating water with surface-active additives - substances that hydrophilize the surface particles of heat-treated materials containing a small residual

the amount of oil products. Surfactants (surfactants) are loaded into the tank-repulpator (21) from the dispenser (22) connected to the supply tank with a surfactant (23). The pulp from the recovery tank (21) is then fed to a two-phase centrifuge (24), in which the liquid (water) and solid phases are separated, then the aqueous phase from the centrifuge is sent to the collection tank (25), from which the water phase is “started” in circulation, i.e. return to the tank-repulpator (21). The solid phase - the precipitate is sent to the collection hopper (26), from which the sediment is discharged into a mixing device (27), into which pre-activated magnesium-containing oxide materials, for example, chrysotile asbestos and / are loaded from metering hoppers (28) or caustic magnesite, crushed melt of magnesium chloride from the process of magnetothermic production of a titanium sponge and an inert filler, which is used as crushed and dried wood waste, for example wood sawdust. After thorough mixing, the composite mixture from the mixing device (27) is fed into the screw feeder (31) with which the composite mixture is sent to the redistribution (32) of molding, heat treatment and pressing of the composite mixture.

As a result of the implementation of the proposed utility model, sludge and oil products, as well as building blocks, sold and used in the construction of various buildings and building structures are obtained from oil sludge.

The disadvantage of the technical solution for the prototype is the unsatisfactory degree of extraction of petroleum products from waste into commercial products and the relatively low consumer properties of the resulting commercial products.

The objective of the proposed utility model is the creation of a new production unit, the set of equipment of which ensures the selective extraction of oil products from oil sludge and the disposal of the solid phase separated from oil sludge.

The technical result that can be obtained by implementing the proposed utility model is to increase the degree of extraction of petroleum products, reduce oil losses with production wastes, and simultaneously obtain highly liquid marketable products from Portland waste - Portland cement, which is in constant and steady demand among consumers, including for oil refining , oil and petrochemical industries.

The problem is solved with the achievement of the above technical result by the proposed technical solution - a useful model “Production department for the processing of oil sludge to produce marketable products”, including the following processing equipment (see Fig. 2): receiving tank (1), dispenser (2), tank (3) with a mixer for the preparation of solutions of high molecular weight surfactants, three-phase centrifuge (4), water (5) and oil (6) phase collectors, solid phase collector containers (7), device (8) for t solid phase heat treatment, prefabricated containers (9) of heat-treated materials, pipelines, pumps, shut-off and control valves. What is new in the proposed utility model is that, after the receiving tank, a heated repulpator with a stirrer (10) and a loading hatch (11) for the starting materials is installed, on the lid of the repulpator there are nozzles for connection with a surfactant batcher (2), a batcher ( 12), connected to a supply tank (13) of volatile oil fractions, a collection tank for the oil phase and a circulation tank (14) for a circulating solution of calcium chloride, the lower discharge pipe of the repulp tank (10) is directed to the settling and separation column (15), is connected th with a circulating tank circulating calcium chloride solution (14), collection of the oil phase (16), the output of which is directed into reactor repulpator (10) in the flow-collecting tank the oil phase (16), a discharge assembly (17)

the settling column (15) is sent to a wet sediment collection container (17) connected to a three-phase centrifuge (4) having connections to the circulation tank of the calcium chloride recycling solution (14), the oil phase collecting tank (6) and the dehydrated container sediment (18) connected to the mixer (19), to which the batcher (20) of finely ground limestone is connected, the inlet to the batcher (20) is directed from the supply tank (21). The mixer (19) has a connection with a heat treatment device (18), in which a cylindrical rotary calcining furnace is installed, equipped with a firebox (22) having a connection with the storage and storage capacity of the oil phase (16), the discharge unit (23) of the calcining furnace is directed into a collection tank (9) of heat-treated and calcined materials connected to a crushing and grinding unit (24), the output of marketable products from which is directed to successively installed storage and storage tanks (25) and a packing machine y (26).

IMPLEMENTATION OF THE SUGGESTED USEFUL MODEL

The developed technical solution - "Production Department for the processing of oil sludge to obtain marketable products" operates and is operated as follows.

To extract oil (oil products) from oil sludge, the latter is discharged from a receiving tank (1) and loaded through a manhole (11) into a reactor-repulpator (10), into which volatile oil fractions from the collection tank (6) are preliminarily poured (pumped) and a dispenser (12) connected to the supply tank (13). The resulting suspension is heated and stirred, while the petroleum products mainly pass from the solid phase - oil sludge to the liquid organic phase. Then, in a circulating tank (14), a circulating calcium chloride solution and solutions are then pumped into the reactor-repulpator (10) with the stirrer turned on.

of high molecular weight surfactants (VAS) - from a dispenser (2) connected to a tank (3) for preparing a solution of VAS. The resulting composite suspension is heated, mixed and then sent to a settling-separation column (15), in which, upon exposure to the suspension, the separation of oil, water and solid phases occurs. After settling, the oil phase is pumped into the collection tank (6), the aqueous phase - the calcium chloride solution is first sent to the collection tank (5), then pumped into the circulation tank (14), from where the calcium chloride solution is again fed to the recovery tank (10) for processing another batch of oil sludge. From the collection tank (6), the oil phase is divided into two flows: part of the oil phase from the collection tank (6) is removed from the process and collected in a storage tank (16), from which the oil phase - oil products are shipped to consumers as commodity products . Another stream of the oil phase from the collection tank (6) is again sent to the repulse reactor (10), which is also fed to compensate for losses, due to the removal of the oil phase from the process into the storage tank (16), the volatile oil fraction from dispenser (12) and supply tank (13).

The thickened solid phase - the wet cake is discharged from the settling column (15) through the discharge unit (17) into the containers-containers (7) of the wet cake and then sent to a three-phase centrifuge (4). The oil phase recovered by centrifuging the sludge is collected in a collection tank (6), the aqueous phase - a calcium chloride solution is sent to a circulation tank (14), and the dehydrated sludge is discharged through an unloading unit into containers (18), from which the sludge is loaded into a mixer ( 19). Fine mixer limestone is also fed into this mixer from a batcher (20) and a supply tank (21). After mixing and the formation of a homogeneous mixture, the resulting composition is loaded into a cylindrical rotary calcining furnace (8), the furnace is heated and the composite mixture is calcined first when the furnace is “ignited” due to

heat of the flue gases generated in the furnace (22) connected to the storage and storage capacity of the oil phase. After ignition of the furnace and reaching the set temperature in it, the supply of the oil phase to the furnace is either sharply reduced or completely stopped. Further heat treatment and calcination of the composite mixture occurs due to the heat from combustion of the residual portion of oil products remaining in the dehydrated sludge phase - oil sludge after repulpation operations - in the repulpator (10) and centrifugation in a centrifuge (4).

Calcined material - cement clinker is discharged from the calcining furnace through the unloading unit (23) into a collection tank (9) from which it is sent to the installation (24) for crushing and grinding to a given grinding fineness (to a given dispersion). Shredded material - a marketable product, which is Portland cement, is discharged from a plant (24) into a storage and storage tank (25) from which the marketable product is delivered to a filling machine (26) and then either immediately shipped to consumers or sent to a finished goods warehouse.

Claims (1)

Production department for the processing of oil sludges to obtain marketable products, including a receiving tank, a batcher, a tank with a mixer for the preparation of solutions of high molecular weight surfactants, three-phase centrifuge, water and oil phase collectors, solid phase containers, a device for heat treatment of solid phases, prefabricated containers of heat-treated materials, pipelines, pumps, shut-off and control valves, characterized in that a heated reactor is installed after the receiving tank pulpator with a mixer and a loading hatch for raw materials; on the lid of the reactor-repulpator there are nozzles for connection to a VPAS dispenser, a dispenser connected to a flow tank of volatile oil fractions, a tank for collecting the oil phase and a circulation tank for a circulating solution of calcium chloride, a pipe for the lower discharge of the tank -redupulator is directed to a settling-separation column connected to a circulation tank of a circulating solution of calcium chloride, an oil phase collector, the outlet of which is directed to a repulse reactor the pator and into the storage tank of the oil phase, the discharge unit of the settling and separation column is directed to a wet sediment collecting container connected to a three-phase centrifuge having connections to a circulation tank of a calcium chloride circulating solution, an oil phase collecting tank and a dehydrated sludge container connected with a mixer to which a finely ground limestone doser is connected, the inlet to the batcher is directed from a supply tank, the mixer has a connection to a heat treatment device, in which has a cylindrical rotary calcining furnace equipped with a furnace having a connection with the storage and storage capacity of the oil phase, the discharge unit of the calcining furnace is directed to a collecting tank of heat-treated and calcined materials, connected to a crushing and grinding unit, the output of commercial products from which is directed in series installed storage tanks and filling machine.