RU81445U1 - TECHNOLOGICAL LIMIT FOR DISPOSAL OF DRILLING OIL SLUDGES - Google Patents

Abstract

The proposed utility model relates to the field of oil production and oil refining industry and can be used for processing various oil-containing production wastes - liquid, pasty, solid contaminated with oil products. The developed technical solution can be implemented, in particular, for the disposal of oily sludge - drilling sludge (oil sludge), accumulated and located in drilling and oil barns, oil sludges. In order to avoid environmental pollution, oily sludge is subject to mandatory processing, disposal and disposal. The objective of the proposed utility model is the creation of a new hardware and technological system of equipment that provides for the integrated processing of oily waste - oil and / or drill cuttings, extraction of the commercial fraction of petroleum products from them and obtaining high-quality commercial products from the solid phase of the oil waste. The technical result, which is achieved in this case, is to increase consumer properties and improve the physico-chemical characteristics of the products. The problem is solved with the achievement of the above technical result by the proposed utility model "Technological redistribution for the disposal of oily sludge", including: a collection tank, the outlet of which is directed to a heated reactor with a stirrer, connected to a unit for the preparation and dosage of chemicals, three-phase centrifuge, collectors purified from solid particles of oil and water phases, containers for sludge discharge, device for heat treatment of sludge, collection of heat-treated cages, finished goods warehouse. New to

The proposed utility model is a calcining furnace installed as a device for heat treatment of the sludge, the unloading unit of which is directed to the collectors and to the mixer, which is connected to the dosers of calcium oxide and sodium silicate, and the outlet from the mixer is directed to the installation for granulating the composite mixture.

Description

The proposed utility model relates to the field of oil production and oil refining industry and can be used for processing various oil-containing production wastes - liquid, pasty, solid contaminated with oil products. The developed technical solution can be implemented, in particular, for the disposal of oily sludge - drilling sludge (oil sludge), accumulated and located in drilling and oil barns, oil sludges. In order to avoid environmental pollution, oily sludge is subject to mandatory processing, disposal and disposal.

A well-known technical solution - "Installation for the processing of liquid sludge" (RF Patent No. 2276107 for application No. 2004115085/15 with prior, dated 05/19/2004; Registered and published: 10/27/2005 and 05/10/2006; IPC ⁷ С02F 1/40 ; "Installation and method of processing liquid sludge").

This well-known installation includes (Fig. 1) a block for receiving and heating oil sludge (1), a block for cleaning (2), a pump block (3), a block for receiving containers of purified oil-containing liquid (4).

The capacity for receiving and heating the initial sludge (5) is equipped inside with tubular steam registers (not shown in the figure) and has a volume of 40 m ³ . Capacity (5) has a mesh box, lids and is equipped with a thermometer with a stem - holder (not shown in the figure). The cleaning unit (2) includes a vibrating screen (6) with a drain (7) and a container (8) for collecting individual impurities, an intermediate tank (9) for collecting oil-containing

liquids after cleaning on a vibrating screen (6), a sand separator (hydrocyclone) (100, a second intermediate tank (11), a desilter (hydrocyclone) (12), pumps (13 and 14). The supply tank block (4) includes a distribution manifold (in Fig. (not shown), slop tank (15) with steam registers inside, storage tanks (16).

The operation of this known installation is as follows.

Liquid oil sludge is delivered to the installation by vacuum machines from emergency oil spills or places of temporary storage of collected oil sludge. Vacuum machines call on the overpass and pour the contents into the mesh box of the receiving tank (5). Fragments of mechanical impurities larger than 25 mm are retained on the box mesh. Filling the container (5) is carried out to a level of not more than 10 cm from the upper edge, after which the container (5) is closed by covers. The sludge received in the receiving tank (5) is heated for several hours through the registers with saturated steam to a temperature of 70 ° C or more. Monitoring the temperature of the heating of oil sludge is carried out using a thermometer. During the warm-up period, to ensure maximum steam supply to the receiving tank (5), the steam supply to other units of the installation is blocked. The sludge heated to the pumped state from the receiving tank (5) is pumped to the lower grid with a 0.16 mm mesh vibrating screen (6). Oil sludge supply is regulated by a valve on the pressure pipe of the pump in such a way that the flow of oil-containing liquid does not occur outside the mesh of the vibrating screen (6). On the vibrating screen (6), the separation of mechanical impurities larger than 0.15 mm occurs, which, as a result of linear vibrations, is discharged into the container (8) located under the vibrating screen. The oil-containing liquid purified from large fractions of mechanical impurities, passing through the mesh cells, flows into an intermediate container (9) with a volume of 8 m ³ , from where it is fed into the sand separator hydrocyclones by a slurry pump (13)

(10) where the second stage of purification takes place and particles of mechanical impurities are separated with a diameter of up to 50 μm. The oil-containing liquid purified on the sand separator (10) enters the second intermediate tank (11) with a volume of 8 m ³ , from where it is pumped to the sludge separator hydrocyclones (12) with a slurry pump (14), where the third stage of purification takes place and particles of solids with a diameter of up to 30 μm are separated. The oily liquid purified on the sludge separator (12) enters the distribution manifold through the pipeline and then to the settling tank (15). Throughout the cycle, the oily liquid retains a viscoplastic state due to the high-speed operation mode of the cleaning unit and does not require additional heating. Particles of mechanical impurities separated by centrifugal forces from the sand separator (10) and sludge separator (12) fall on the upper mesh of the vibrating screen (6) with a mesh size of 0.04 mm and are dumped into the container (8). As they accumulate, contaminated solids are fed to a soil, soil, and oil sludge treatment plant.

An oil-containing liquid is sampled from a settling tank (15) for physicochemical analysis. Depending on the contamination of the original liquid sludge, its treatment is carried out in one, two or three cycles. For re-cleaning, hot oily liquid with a slurry pump (18) is pumped from the settling tank (15) to the tank (9) of the cleaning unit and the cleaning cycle is repeated thereafter, as described above. The oil-containing liquid entering the second cleaning has a temperature of about 60 ° C due to heating in the tank (15). After filling the settling tank (15), the oily liquid, when heated to 40-60 ° C, is sedimented in the statistical mode for 8 hours. During this time, there is a separation into the aqueous, oil phases and the remaining mechanical impurities. Separated as a result of sludge, water from the sludge tank (15) is discharged into a foundation pit through a drainage collector. Settled oil phase from a settling tank

(15) either is directly pumped through the intake manifold by a piston pump (17) into the raw materials tanks of the refinery, or into storage tanks (16). As oil accumulates from the tanks (16), it is pumped through the intake manifold to the feed tanks of the refinery through a piston pump (18). Periodically, but not less than 1 time in 2 weeks, the tanks are mechanically cleaned of sediment (5 and 15) and, if necessary, the tanks (16), as well as the tanks (9 and 11) of the cleaning unit, for which the tanks are provided drainage valves (19) for draining sediment into the pit.

A disadvantage of the known installation is the lack of equipment for processing and subsequent disposal of solid oily waste.

Other well-known technical solutions devoted to the problem of processing oily waste have the same drawback (RF Patents No. 2078740; 2097486; 2143516; 2143517; 2243813; 226258; 2078739; 2174957; 2182563; 2261894 and others)

Of the known analogues, the closest in technical essence and the technical result achieved to the proposed utility model is the well-known technical solution (RF Patent for ПМ No. 71656 by application No. 2007140207/22 with prior dated October 29, 2007. Registered and published: 20.03 .2008. Bull.№ 8. IPC С01G 31/00) - "Technological system for the processing of oily waste products" - adopted as a PROTOTYPE.

The “Technological system for the processing of oily waste products” according to the prototype includes the following main structural elements: equipment technologically interconnected (Fig. 2): containers, tanks, dispensers, pipelines with shut-off and control valves, pumps for pumping transport pipelines, conveyors etc., in particular:

1 - receiving prefabricated heated containers for the source of oily waste products, equipped with mixing devices;

2 - intermediate heated and thermally insulated containers with mixing devices (mixers) designed to heat (for example, up to 70-90 ° С) the initial oil-containing production wastes and their processing with chemical reagents (coagulants, demulsifiers and flocculants). A sieve (strainer) (not shown) is installed between the receiving (1) and intermediate (2) containers to separate large pieces of the solid phase;

3 - block for the preparation of solutions of chemical reagents, which includes a set of tank equipment, dispensers, pumps, pipelines, appropriate fittings for the preparation and dosage of various chemicals for the treatment of oil-containing wastes heated to a certain temperature (60-90 ° C): coagulants, demulsifiers and flocculants;

4 - high-speed three-phase centrifuge;

5 - a collection of oil products purified from solid phase and water;

6 - a collection of the aqueous phase contaminated with a small amount of oil products;

7 - containers for collecting sludge - solid phase containing up to 10-20% oily products;

8 - a collection with a dispenser for contaminated land, bottom silt sediments of oil storages and oil tanks, etc .;

9 - heated collector - mixer of the solid phase - sediments contaminated with oil products, subject to processing, disposal and preparation for subsequent disposal with the receipt and sale of marketable products;

10 - a device for heat treatment of sediments by flue gases (solid phase) - the so-called "thermal desorber";

11 - a collection of heat-treated precipitation;

(12-24) - a complex of technological equipment, which is part of the block for briquetting heat-treated precipitation - heat-treated solid phase, including;

12 - hopper - feeder;

13 - screw feeder;

14 - feeder head;

15 - support block of the feeder with bearing;

16 - horizontally located movable roll;

17 - fixed roll;

18 - control restrictive chamber;

19 - a hydraulic system that creates pressure on a movable roll;

20 - vibrating screen for screening small defective briquettes;

21 - a collection of defective briquettes (trifles) returned to the hopper-feeder (12) for processing and disposal;

22 - return screw conveyor for feeding the fines into circulation - to the hopper-mixer (12) and then to the screw feeder;

23 - a collection of briquettes;

24 - belt conveyor - stacker;

25 - a briquette warehouse intended for receiving briquettes, their "ripening" - with the aim of hardening them and subsequent shipment to consumers.

The utility model of the prototype "Technological system for the processing of oily waste" works and is operated as follows.

The initial oily waste is received for processing, disposal and disposal from oil storage tanks, oil pits, etc. in receiving prefabricated heated containers (1) equipped with mixing devices, from where heated oil-containing

the waste is passed through a sieve (strainer) (for example, pumped by a pump) into the intermediate heated insulated containers (2) with mixers. Chemical reagents — coagulants, demulsifiers, and flocculants — are successively fed into these containers (2) from block (3). Heated (up to 60-90 ° С) and oil-containing wastes treated with chemical reagents are then sent (e.g., pumped) to a high-speed three-phase centrifuge (4), in which the oil, water and solid phases collected, respectively, are collected in collectors (5, 6 ) and containers (7). From containers (7), sediments — the solid phase separated from oil-containing wastes in a high-speed three-phase centrifuge (4), is sent to a heated collector-mixer (9), where oiled earth, bottom, silt sediments from oil storages, oil tanks, etc. From the heated collector - mixer (9), the precipitation (solid phase) enters the device for heat treatment of precipitation by flue gases - into the so-called "thermal desorber", in which the oil-containing products are removed from the precipitation - solid phase and their subsequent disposal. Heat-treated precipitates are collected in a collection (11), from where they are sent to the hopper-feeder (12) of the complex of technological equipment (13-25), which is part of the roll briquette press. From the hopper-feeder (12), the heat-treated precipitates, as well as the “return fines” from the collector (21), enter the screw feeder (13), then to the conveyor belt (14), from which the solid phase enters two twin-screw mixers connected in series (15-1 and 15-2) into which sodium silicate is supplied from the tank (17) by means of a pump (16), the composite mixture after thorough mixing in twin-screw mixers (15-1 and 15-2) enters through a screw conveyor (18) to the hopper-feeder (19-1) and from it to the screw feeder (19-2), the feeding composition onnuyu mixture into the gap between the horizontally arranged movable (20) and fixed (21) rolls. The necessary pressure on the movable roll (20) creates

special hydraulic system (not shown in the figure). The briquettes formed between the rollers (20 and 21) are dumped onto a vibrating screen (22), on which the “trifles” - defective (small) weak and poorly formed briquettes are screened. These rejected briquettes - "trifle" with the help of a return screw conveyor (27) are sent to the "revolution" - returned to the hopper - mixer (12) and mixers (15-1 and 15-2). From the vibrating screen (22), the briquettes are collected in a briquette collector (23), from where they are sent to the briquettes warehouse (25) by a conveyor belt-stacker (24), where the briquettes are ripened and strengthened, i.e. transition to a condition suitable for subsequent shipment to consumers.

The technical solution according to the prototype ensures the neutralization of oil wastes, the extraction of an oil-containing fraction from them, suitable for further use and allows the disposal of secondary production waste - solid phase in the form of briquetted products.

The disadvantage of the utility model of the prototype is the relatively low consumer properties of the resulting commodity products - briquettes, which is associated with unsatisfactory strength characteristics of the briquettes - as a result - the limited area of use of the obtained products and, accordingly, the problems associated with the implementation of the produced briquettes from consumers.

The objective of the proposed utility model is the creation of a new hardware and technological system of equipment that provides for the integrated processing of oily waste - oil and / or drill cuttings, extraction of the commercial fraction of petroleum products from them and obtaining high-quality commercial products from the solid phase of the oil waste.

The technical result, which is achieved in this case, is to increase consumer properties and improve the physico-chemical characteristics of the products.

The problem is solved with the achievement of the above technical result by the proposed utility model - “Technological redistribution for the disposal of drilling oil sludge”, including (Fig. 3): a collecting tank (1), the outlet of which is directed to a heated reactor (2) with a stirrer connected to the unit (3) for the preparation and dosage of chemicals, a three-phase high-speed centrifuge (4), collectors (5 and 6) of solid particles of oil (5) and aqueous (6) phases, containers (7) for sludge discharge, device (8) for heat treatment of precipitation, s ornik (9) of heat-treated precipitation, finished product storage (10). New in the proposed utility model is a calcining furnace (8), a discharge unit (11) of which is sent to collectors (9) and to a mixer (12), which is connected to a doser of calcium oxide (13) and sodium silicate, as a device for heat treatment of sludge (14), and the outlet from the mixer (12) is directed to the apparatus for granulating the composite mixture (15).

IMPLEMENTATION OF THE SUGGESTED USEFUL MODEL

The proposed utility model - "Technological redistribution for the disposal of oil sludge" works and is operated as follows.

The original oil sludge from the collection tank (1) is sent to a heated reactor (2) with a stirrer. In this reactor (2), with the stirrer switched on, from the block (3), chemical reagents are fed, which increase the efficiency of the subsequent phase separation. Treated oil sludge is sent to a three-phase centrifuge (4). The oil phase is collected in the collection (5), the aqueous phase in the collection (6). Solid phase - the precipitate is discharged into containers (7). From containers (7), the precipitate is discharged into a calcining furnace (8). Calcined precipitation through the discharge unit (11) is discharged either into collectors (9), or directly into the mixer (12). AT

the mixer is also charged with calcium oxide (fluff) from the dispenser (13) and sodium silicate from the dispenser (14). The composite mixture is then sent from the mixer (12) to the granulation unit (15). The resulting commercial products are shipped to the finished goods warehouse (10).

Claims (1)

Technological redistribution for the disposal of drilling oil sludge, including a collection tank, the outlet of which is directed to a heated reactor with a stirrer, connected to a unit for the preparation and dosage of chemical reagents, a three-phase high-speed centrifuge, collectors of oil and water phases purified from solid particles, containers for sludge discharge, device for heat treatment of precipitation, a collection of heat-treated precipitation, warehouse of finished products, characterized in that as a device for heat treatment of sludge installed a furnace, the unloading unit of which is directed to the collectors and to the mixer, having a connection with a doser of calcium oxide and sodium silicate, and the outlet from the mixer is directed to the apparatus for granulating the composite mixture.