RU80784U1 - COMPLEX OF SORTING AND PROCESSING OF SOLID DOMESTIC WASTE FOR THE DISPOSAL OF AND RECYCLING OF DUMP - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of ecology and public utilities and can be used directly at landfill sites for the disposal of landfills and the processing of both previously stored and newly generated waste. The task is to solve the problem of improving the ecology of the environment efficiently, progressively and economically. The solution to this problem is achieved by the fact that in a complex that includes sequentially installed sections of solid waste sorting equipment, their preliminary processing for recycling or disposal, and a drive, according to a utility model, the complex is located in separate rooms inside a non-capital building structure and equipped with a bio farm with collars for growing an adapted culture of red California worm on biofeed from food waste sorting for planting in a trench landfill. In addition, for the complex to operate efficiently in the winter, it is equipped with a heating pipeline, which is laid in the trench of the landfill, filled with food waste to maintain temperature and humidity, favorable not only for waste processing, but also for propagating an adapted culture of the California red worm biofarm of the complex. The pipeline is connected to a boiler located in the complex operating on heating oil obtained from waste - used motor oil with the addition of diesel fuel. The complex is also equipped with additional premises of a diesel power station, garage, office and sanitary services. 2 cpf, 2 ill.

Description

The utility model relates to the field of ecology and public utilities and can be used directly at landfill sites for the disposal of landfills and the processing of both previously stored and newly generated waste.

The prototype adopted a complex for the processing and disposal of waste according to the patent for the invention of the Russian Federation No. 2162380, op. 01/27/2001, The well-known complex contains sequentially established sites for sorting solid waste, their preliminary preparation for secondary use or disposal, drives, an aerobic digestion system and a waste detoxification system connected to the slurry evacuation line of the aerobic digestion system. The prototype can be placed both on the existing landfill and in the production facilities of the urban industrial zone, and its technical result is to obtain a useful end product of processing - parent material.

The disadvantages of this complex are:

The great complexity of several technologies for processing and disposal of solid waste, which requires large areas, and most importantly specialists from various fields of science and production - chemists, electrical engineers, heat power engineers, biologists, etc. Numerous additives and reagents: activated humic acids, sulfuric acid, urea, soda solution, reagents for thermochemical cleaning of flue gases, which are quite expensive and some of them, after use, also require new neutralization processes.

Very high energy intensity of equipment and technological processes. The volume of biogas produced is much less than the required amount in order to set so much equipment in motion: conveyors, shredders, presses, screens, a rotating sieve, mobile parts of bioreactors, etc. and even more so provide email. energy electric furnace.

The proposed complex is designed for the technology of disposal of landfills according to the patent for the invention No. 2155107, op. 08/27/2000, the author and patent holder of which is the applicant of this utility model.

The task underlying the utility model is to solve the problem of improving the ecology of the environment efficiently, progressively and economically.

The solution to this problem is achieved by the fact that in the complex for sorting and processing municipal solid waste for the disposal and reclamation of landfills, including sequentially installed sections of the equipment for sorting solid waste located at the landfill, their pre-treatment for recycling or disposal and a drive, according to the utility model, the complex placed in separate rooms inside a non-capital building structure and equipped with a bio-farm with cultivation shoulders adapted to ltury red Californian worm on forages of food waste segregation to land in a trench landfill. In addition, for the complex to operate efficiently in the winter, it is equipped with a heating pipeline, which is laid in the trench of the landfill, filled with food waste to maintain temperature and humidity, favorable not only for waste processing, but also for propagating an adapted culture of the California red worm biofarm of the complex. The pipeline is connected to a boiler located in the complex operating on heating oil obtained from waste -

used motor oil with diesel fuel. The complex is also equipped with additional premises of a diesel power station, garage, office and sanitary services.

The drawings show:

Figure 1 - diagram of the inventive complex;

Figure 2 - scheme of the movement of waste.

The complex is a closed “non-capital type” non-capital building structure 2 located at the landfill site 1 with quick-erected premises and easily assembled technological equipment, having a site 3 for the preliminary sorting of solid waste to remove bulky waste coming from the landfill and again brought in by garbage trucks. The complex includes sequentially installed sorting conveyors 4, a pressing section 5 with storage rings, a section 6 for disassembling household appliances and chopping wood, a section 7 for washing and drying glass, PET bottles, etc., 8 food waste containers for biofarm collars, and 9 organic and food containers waste for disposal in the trench of a landfill. Section 5 includes pressing equipment (4 presses with forces from 10 to 50 tons), and section 6 includes crushing (a crusher for plastics and shredders for grinding leather and rubber), separation and processing of wooden products into firewood and wood lumber for the needs of the complex. Pre-prepared materials are stored in the storage room of the warehouse 10 in the form of separate containers for each type. A bio-farm 11 is located in a separate room, equipped with collars 12 for growing an adapted culture of a California red worm on bio-feed from tanks of the complex 8. For the year-round functioning of the system in the premises of the storage-warehouse 10, a boiler 13 of a room heating system operating on wood waste and a boiler 14 for supplying a coolant to the pipeline 15 are installed,

operating on heating oil obtained by mixing used oil and diesel fuel. Pipeline 15 was laid in a landfill trench prepared according to the technology of patent No. 2155107, into which, after the end of the food waste fermentation process, an adapted culture of the California red worm from the shoulders 12 of the bio farm 11 was introduced. The complex includes additional premises for the garage of vehicles 16, diesel power station 17, office and sanitary - household services 18. The premises can be placed in several hangar buildings, united by entrance groups. All equipment of the system is standard, but upon receipt of an order for raw materials prepared according to an individual project, it is quickly rebuilt by replacing equipment and devices.

The complex provides for a continuous process of garbage processing and preparation of bio-feed for landfill neutralization according to the method protected by invention patent No. 2155107, which is carried out as follows. Previously, all large inclusions in the form of stones, metal, logs, etc. are removed from the landfill “body”, landfill is leveled “horizontally”, trenches are dug with a slight slope to drain excess moisture, which are filled with food and organic waste and covered with plastic wrap. After 2-4 months, an adapted culture of red California worm from the shoulders of 12 bio-farms of 11 complex in the amount of up to 2 thousand individuals per 1 sq. M is being planted in trenches under the film. meter and again the trenches are covered with a film. After 4-6 months, some of the worms are transplanted into new trenches using trap boxes. The remaining worms work in the “body” of the landfill until the organic waste contained in it is completely processed. Then the trenches are supplemented, and the trench space is filled with plant soil and trees are planted in the trenches, and the grass between the trenches.

To more clearly illustrate the operation of the complex for sorting and processing municipal solid waste for the disposal and reclamation of landfills, a scheme of movement and disposal of waste is presented (Figure 2).

Trash is transported to the site 3, where large items are selected. The remaining solid waste is discharged into the receiving hopper of the sorting conveyors 4 onto the manual sorting line. Wastes with consumer properties are sorted by type and dumped either into the washing tanks of section 7 (glass, PET bottle), or to the presses of section 5, or to shredders and tables for sawing wood from section 6. Paper, cardboard, textiles, metal and plastic waste is compacted and packaged in bales, which are sent to a storage warehouse 10. Wood waste, polystyrene, cullet, rubber and tires are cut or crushed with subsequent packaging or loading into containers that are transferred to a storage warehouse 10. Food waste, which is being fed with bio-feed, biofarm 11 is loaded into the tanks 8 for unloading into the shoulders 12. The remaining organic and food waste is immersed in the tanks 9 for further transfer to the dump trenches. At low ambient temperatures, a space heating boiler 13 and a boiler 14 for heating the dump trench with a pipe 15 are included, the fuel for which is taken from storage storage 10.

The complex provides improved ecology, reduced transportation costs and recyclables, some of which are used for domestic consumption of the complex.

In addition, the humus produced by the worms in the collars of the bio-farm is a high-quality fertilizer that can be used in greenhouses and flower beds on the territory of the building.

Non-recyclable wastes (thermal packs, diapers and other non-separable wastes) are pressed by the most powerful press with an effort of not less than 50 tons and packed in second-hand plastic film with subsequent disposal on the road around the landfill. Stacked bales at a depth of 2 meters are covered with construction waste, and crushed stone obtained from a jaw crusher from above.

The technical result of the claimed complex, which works in conjunction with the technology for the disposal of landfills with the formation of afforestation on its area, is to improve the environment, taking into account economy and resource saving by creating a single complex located in easily mounted hangars with easily transformable equipment modules.

The calculation showed that the payback period of such a complex for cities with a population of 10 thousand inhabitants is on average 3-4 years, 20 thousand inhabitants - 2-3 years, 30 thousand inhabitants - 1-2 years.

Claims (3)

1. A complex for sorting and processing solid household waste for the disposal and reclamation of landfills, including sequentially installed sections of the equipment for sorting solid waste located in the landfill, their preliminary processing for secondary use or disposal, and a drive, characterized in that it is located in separate rooms inside non-capital building structure and is equipped with a biofarm with bales of cultivation of an adapted culture of red California worm on food from food Waste sorting. 2. The complex according to claim 1, characterized in that it is equipped with a heating pipe laid in the trench of the landfill with an adapted culture of the red California worm biofarm, which is connected to a boiler located in the complex that uses heating oil obtained from waste - used motor oil with the addition of diesel fuel. 3. The complex according to claim 1, characterized in that it is equipped with additional premises of a diesel power station, garage, office and sanitary services.