RU79006U1 - WORKING BODY OF THE SEED-CULTIVATOR - Google Patents

Abstract

The technical solution relates to agricultural machinery, in particular to sowing machines. The working body of the seeder-cultivator, consisting of a rack-vas deferens with a chisel attachment attached to it from below, the frontal part of which is made at an acute angle to the horizontal plane. The width of the tail of the chisel attachment is more than the width of its front part by 0.3-0.5 times the diameter of the outlet of the vas deferens, and the height of the tail of the chisel attachment is less than the height of its front. The working body of the seeder-cultivator is equipped with a spur roller fixed to the vas deferens, the spurs of which are located at an angle α = 40 ... 50 ° to the vertical plane, and the chisel attachment is made by one-sided sharpening, the angle of sharpening β≤20 ... 35 ° and the cutting The edge of the chisel-like attachment is coated with wear-resistant material. The use of the working body of the seeder-cultivator can reduce traction resistance by 35-40%, increase stability by 25%, increase self-cleaning of the working body of the seeder-cultivator by 30%, increase seed germination by 35%, and also increase the durability of the chisel attachment 2-3 times.

Description

The invention relates to agricultural machinery, in particular to sowing machines.

Known stubble seeder-cultivator SZS - 6, designed for sowing seeds of grain crops in areas susceptible to wind erosion, containing working bodies: anchor coulters, grain fertilizer sowing apparatus [Khalansky V.M., Gorbachev I.V. Agreecultural machines. Agreecultural equipment. - M .: KolosS, 2004. - 624 p.].

The disadvantage of this sowing machine is that the working bodies operated on it - tubular openers with round bumps - tend to clog with crop residues, which leads to a decrease in the quality of sowing and the reliability of its operation.

The closest in technical essence to the claimed solution is the working body of the seeder-cultivator, containing the rack-vas deferens with a lancet paw fixed on it, below which from its nose to the outlet of the vas deferens there is a hollow, wear-resistant chisel attachment made in the form of a tapering top down with the formation of the supporting rib of the dihedral wedge [A.S. No. 1766303A1 IPC A01C 7/20].

The disadvantage of this working body of the seeder-cultivator is the lack of self-cleaning of the working body, not a stable course and increased traction resistance.

The technical task of the proposed utility model is to increase the stability of the working body of the seeder-cultivator, reduce traction resistance and increase self-cleaning of the working body.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the working body of the seeder-cultivator,

comprising a rack-vas deferens with a chisel attachment attached to it from below, the front part of which is made at an acute angle to the horizontal plane, the width of the tail of the chisel attachment is 0.3-0.5 times the diameter of the vas deferens outlet width, and the tail height part of the chisel attachment is less than the height of its front part, the working body of the seeder-cultivator is equipped with a spur roller, rigidly fixed to the vas deferens, the spurs of which are located at an angle α = 40 ... 50 ° to the vert surface, and the chisel-like attachment is made with one-sided sharpening, the angle of sharpening is β = 20 ... 35 °, and the cutting edge of the chisel-like attachment is covered with wear-resistant material.

Figure 1 shows the working body of the seeder-cultivator (General view); figure 2 section aa; figure 3 view B.

The working body of the seeder-cultivator consists of a rack-vas deferens 1, in the lower part of which a chisel attachment 2 is fixed. The frontal part 3 of the chisel attachment 2 is covered with wear-resistant material, for example tungsten carbide. Behind the rack-vas deferens 1 there is a rolling spur roller 4. The rolling spur roller 4 is rigidly mounted with the possibility of movement in a vertical plane to the rack-vas deferens 1 using the bracket 5.

The proposed working body of the seeder-cultivator works as follows.

When sowing seeds, the chisel attachment 2 enters the soil to a depth allowed by the rolling spur roller 4, and forms a narrow groove 4 ... 6 cm wide.

The implementation of a narrow groove with a width of 4 ... 6 cm reduces the release of moist soil to the surface, thereby retaining moisture in it, contributes to the rapid heating of the soil around the seeds, and also provides less traction resistance.

When moving a chisel-shaped attachment of the working body of a seeder-cultivator with one-sided sharpening at an angle β = 20 ... 35 °, soil particles and crop residues have a higher relative speed of particles on the side of sharpening compared to the speed of particles moving on the back side. Such a difference in particle velocities and an angle of grinding β, smaller than the angle of friction, creates conditions for self-cleaning of a chisel-like attachment.

In the process of moving the working body of the seeder-cultivator in the soil, the seeds through the rack-vas deferens 1 enter the densified bed formed by the lower end of the chisel attachment 2. Having reached the bottom of the furrow, the seeds are covered with crumbling soil. In addition to spontaneous sowing of the soil, a more intensive closure of seeds by the soil is facilitated by a rolling spur roller 4, which, moving along the furrow, shifts its walls, ensuring their collapse and cover of seeds.

Thus, the pressurized spur roller 4, in addition to increasing the stability of travel along the depth of the working body of the seeder-cultivator, contributes to the active closure of seeds in the furrow and local compaction of the soil in it. The compaction of the soil in the furrow improves the contact of seeds with the soil, which leads to acceleration and increase the germination of the latter.

Grinding angle β should not be performed less than 20 °, because deterioration in self-cleaning of the chisel attachment is observed, and an angle of more than 35 ° increases the traction resistance of the working body of the seeder-cultivator. Spurs of the packer roller should not be placed to a vertical plane at an angle of less than 40 °, because furrow closure worsens, and more than 50 ° - the roller self-cleaning worsens.

A prototype of the working body of the seeder-cultivator was made and tested at the experimental site of the Tarsk branch of the Federal State Educational Institution of Higher Professional Education OmGAU. Tests have shown that the use of the working body of a seeder-cultivator

it allows to reduce traction resistance by 35-40%, increase stability by 25%, increase self-cleaning of the working body of the seeder-cultivator by 30%, and also increase the durability of the chisel attachment by 2-3 times, increase seed germination by 35%.

Claims (2)

1. The working body of the seeder-cultivator, containing the rack-seed tube with a chisel attachment attached to it from below, the front part of which is made at an acute angle to the horizontal plane, the width of the tail of the chisel attachment is 0.3-0.5 wider than the width of its front part the diameter of the outlet of the vas deferens, and the height of the undercarriage of the chisel attachment is less than the height of its front part, characterized in that the working body of the seeder-cultivator is equipped with a spur roller fixed to the vas deferens ode, spurs which are arranged at an angle α = 40 ... 50 ° to the vertical plane and provided with chisel-prefix-sided grinding, sharpening angle β = 20 ... 35 °, wherein the cutting edge of the chisel consoles coated wear-resistant material. 2. The working body of the seeder-cultivator according to claim 1, characterized in that tungsten carbite is used as a wear-resistant material.