RU222643U1 - Opener for broadband sowing of forest seeds - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to forestry engineering, in particular, to devices for broadband sowing of forest seeds, including in conditions of turfy soils. An opener for broadband sowing of forest seeds contains a body, a stand, a replaceable front main bit, side openers, each of which is made in the form of a trapezoidal wing with an upwardly curved end that provides grinding and mixing of the soil, a seed tube made in the form of a curved tube parallel to the lower part of the body opener, and eyes for attaching the opener to the main structure of the seeder. The replaceable front main bit consists of a trapezoidal prismatic base, on the surface of which there are holes for attaching the replaceable front main bit to the opener body, and a wedge-shaped flat vertical knife installed in the front part of the replaceable front main bit for cutting the sod layer of soil, while the line of the wedge-shaped blade The flat vertical knife is inclined in the direction of the coulter movement and has a greater angle of entry into the soil than the angle of friction of the weeds on the steel. This design of the claimed utility model makes it possible to expand the scope of application of the opener due to the high-quality creation of a seed furrow and the placement of forest seeds when sowing them in turfy soil conditions.

Description

The utility model relates to forestry engineering, in particular, to devices for broadband sowing of forest seeds, including in conditions of turfy soils.

A known coulter of a seeder-cultivator for broadband sowing (RF Patent No. 2233063; IPC A01S 7/20; publ. 07/27/2004), containing a seed tube, a cultivator paw with a stand, a vertical flat knife, a vertical plate keel, a prismatic seed spreader, a seed distributor . The stand of the cultivator paw is inclined forward, while the back side of the stand passes into a vertical plate keel. The vertical flat knife has an obtuse angle of entry into the soil and is installed in the front part of the cultivator paw. A prismatic seed spreader and a seed distributor are located in the under-foot area, while the seed distributor is made in the form of helical strips bent around its axis, fan-shaped in a horizontal plane from the center to the periphery of the opener, and the height of the opener smoothly decreases from the front to the rear.

However, this opener has disadvantages, including the accumulation of weeds, crop residues and soil in the pocket formed by the tine and tine at the front of the unit. In addition, the absence of a closed sub-tine space does not allow obtaining the maximum distribution of seeds across the working width of the cultivator tine.

A known opener for broadband sowing of small seeds (RF Pat. No. 2331180; IPC A01S 7/20; publ. 08.20.2008), containing a housing and a stand. The opener body in the horizontal sectional plane is a truncated cone and is installed with the possibility of rotation in the vertical plane at an angle α=17-42°. On the lower wall of the opener body, rods are rigidly fixed, which have a height of no more than 2/3 of the height of the opener body and are located at a distance of (8-10) d from each other, where d is the diameter of the sown seed. The neck is rigidly fixed on the upper truncated part of the opener body. Accepted as a prototype.

However, the design of this opener does not allow it to be used when sowing seeds in turfy soils, which narrows the scope of the opener.

The purpose of the utility model is to expand the scope of application of the coulter due to the high-quality creation of a seed furrow and embedding of forest seeds when sowing them in turfy soil conditions.

This is achieved by the fact that the opener for broadband sowing of forest seeds, containing a body and a stand, according to the utility model, additionally contains a replaceable front main bit and side openers, with each side opener made in the form of a trapezoidal wing with an upwardly curved end, providing grinding and mixing soil, and the replaceable front main bit consists of a trapezoidal prismatic base, on the surface of which there are holes for attaching the replaceable front main bit to the coulter body, and a wedge-shaped flat vertical knife installed in the front part of the replaceable front main bit for cutting the sod layer of soil, and the line The blade of the wedge-shaped flat vertical knife is inclined towards the movement of the coulter and has a greater angle of entry into the soil than the angle of friction of the weeds on the steel.

In fig. Figure 1 shows a diagram of a coulter for broadband sowing of forest seeds; in fig. 2 - diagram of the replaceable front main coulter bit.

An opener for broadband sowing of forest seeds (Fig. 1) contains a body 2, a stand 5, a replaceable front main bit 1, side openers 3, each of which is made in the form of a trapezoidal wing with an upwardly curved end, providing grinding and mixing of the soil, a seed tube 4, made in the form of a curved tube parallel to the lower part of the opener body 2, and an eye 6 for connecting the opener to the main structure of the seeder. The replaceable front main bit 1 (Fig. 2) consists of a trapezoidal prismatic base 8, on the surface of which there are holes 9 for attaching the replaceable front main bit 1 to the opener body 2, and a wedge-shaped flat vertical knife 7 installed in the front part of the replaceable front main bit 1 for cutting the sod layer of soil, while the line of the blade of the wedge-shaped flat vertical knife 7 is inclined towards the movement of the coulter and has a greater angle of entry into the soil than the angle of friction of the weeds on the steel.

The opener for broadband sowing of forest seeds works as follows.

When the machine-tractor unit moves, the replaceable front main bit 1 of the coulter begins the process of forming a seed furrow, while a wedge-shaped flat vertical knife 7 cuts the sod layer of soil. After this, the cut layer of soil goes to the coulter body 2 and then to its side coulters 3, which create the profile of the seed furrow and grind and mix the soil. At this time, the seeds from the centralized system of the seed hopper and the sowing apparatus of the seeder are moved through the seed tube 4 to the bottom of the seed furrow, after which they are covered with loosened soil coming off the side coulters 3 and sealed with the soil-covering working parts of the seeder.

This design of the claimed utility model makes it possible to expand the scope of application of the opener due to the high-quality creation of a seed furrow and the placement of forest seeds when sowing them in turfy soil conditions.

Claims (1)

An opener for broadband sowing of forest seeds, containing a body and a stand, characterized in that it additionally contains a replaceable front main bit and side openers, each side opener is made in the form of a trapezoidal wing with an upwardly curved end, providing grinding and mixing of the soil, and a replaceable front the main bit consists of a trapezoidal prismatic base, on the surface of which there are holes for attaching the replaceable front main bit to the opener body, and a wedge-shaped flat vertical knife installed in the front part of the replaceable front main bit for cutting the sod layer of soil, and the line of the blade of the wedge-shaped flat vertical knife tilted in the direction of coulter movement and has a greater angle of entry into the soil than the angle of friction between the weeds and the steel.

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