RU75954U1 - SCREW EXTRACTOR - Google Patents

Abstract

The screw extractor relates to the field of extraction and concentration of microimpurities in analytical chemistry, relates to the designs of mass and heat exchangers used in sample preparation for determining the content of contaminants in environmental objects, and can be used in industry for the extraction and concentration of microimpurities in various technological processes. The objective of the utility model is to increase productivity, ease of use and increase the range of processed mixtures. This object is achieved in that the screw extractor contains a base, a rotor, consisting of an extraction cup and a collector with overflow devices, a rotor and mixer drive, according to a utility model, the apparatus is equipped with suction tubes, the collector is made with an annular partition forming two annular chambers, and the collector and the partition is equipped with overflow devices made with the ability to control the level of overflow of liquids from the extraction cup collector and, accordingly, from one count front camera to another, the rotor assembly is made easily removable and collapsible. The proposed design of the apparatus allows you to create a more technological design and increase the range of physico-chemical parameters of the processed liquid and solid-phase samples.

Description

The invention relates to the field of extraction and concentration of microimpurities in analytical chemistry, relates to the design of mass and heat exchangers used in sample preparation to determine the content of contaminants in environmental objects, can be used in industry for the extraction and concentration of microimpurities in various technological processes. The prototype is a screw extractor (see: Concentration of traces of organic compounds. Problems of analytical chemistry, T.X. - M .: science, 1990. - P.106, Fig. 2 containing a base, a rotor consisting of an extraction cup and a collector equipped with overflow devices, interchangeable sector-shaped extract collectors, rotor drive and agitators.

The disadvantage is low productivity, inconvenience of operation and a small range of processed mixtures.

The objective of the utility model is to increase productivity, ease of use and increase the range of processed mixtures.

This object is achieved in that the screw extractor contains a base, a rotor, consisting of an extraction cup and a collector with overflow devices, a rotor and mixer drive, according to a utility model, the apparatus is equipped with suction tubes, the collector is made with an annular partition forming two annular chambers, and the collector and the partition is equipped with overflow devices made with the ability to control the level of overflow of liquids from the extraction cup collector and, accordingly, from one count front camera to another, the rotor assembly is made easily removable and collapsible.

The solution to the technical problem allows us to provide convenient operation and unification of the use of the apparatus for processing liquid solid-phase samples of various composition and volumes and simplifies the sealing of contact elements of the rotor design.

Figure 1 shows the basic design of the screw extractor, figure 2 - the design of the overflow device of the collector and its annular partition.

The screw extractor (Fig. 1) consists of a base 1 equipped with a movable console 2, on which the electric drive of the mixer D1 with the bearing assembly 3 and suction tubes 4 and 5 are fixed. The rotation of the mixer from the electric drive is transmitted through a detachable clutch 6. On the base 1 is installed bearing node 7 and electric rotor D2 with V-belt drive 8 and pulleys 9 and 10. The rotor is made in the form of a cylindrical extraction cup 11 and collector 14. Inside the extraction cup 11 there is a screw mixer 12, shaft 13, which is izhno fixed in the manifold 14. The manifold 14 is made with holes: A - for the input and output fluids from the extraction nozzle, hole B - for outputting the light phase and the hole B - for the heavy phase (Figure 2). The collector 14 has an annular partition 15. The collector and the partition are equipped with an overflow device in the form of a piston 16 (figure 2) with holes located perpendicular to the axis and to each other, and aligned, respectively, with the holes of the collector 14 and the partition 15. Extractor (figure 1 ) is equipped with a control unit BU and a collection of extract 17, made in the form of two communicating vessels 18 and 19. The collector 14 is mounted with a mixer 12 as a single collapsible node.

The screw extractor (figure 1) works as follows. Collector and partition overflow devices are installed for overflow of liquids through openings B and C, respectively, for overflow of the light phase at a given level or heavy phase. The mixture to be processed and the mixer are placed in the extraction cup, and tightly closed

collector. Install the rotor in the slot of the pulley 9 and lower the movable console 2 until the bearing assembly 3 contacts the conical part of the inner surface of the collector 14 and at the same time the electric drive D1 is coupled to the shaft 13 of the mixer 12 using the clutch 6. The console 2 is pressed tightly against the rotor and fixed to base 1. The suction tubes 4 and 5 are installed in the working position. The electric drive D1 of the screw mixer is turned on, the extraction process occurs with intensive mixing of the mixture with the screw for a predetermined time using the time relay of the control unit BU. After the expiration of the period, the electric drive of the mixer is turned off and the electric drive of the rotor is turned on. Under the action of centrifugal forces, the mixture is divided into two annular layers. The peripheral ring is in the heavy phase, and the inner is the light phase.

Next, consider the following options. With open hole B, the heavy phase is drained from the extraction cup to the collector at a predetermined time. At the same time, it is being selected from the annular chamber by a suction tube. In the case of a small volume of solvent, overflow also carries out part of the light phase. Then, two annular layers are formed in the annular chambers. The overflow device 15 is installed on the separation of the phases and their output by suction tubes, then through the flexible tubes of the liquid fall separately into the collection of extract.

At the end of the selection of the heavy phase, the electric drive is turned off. The suction tubes are set to the idle position, the console 2 is lifted, the rotor is removed from the pulley socket 9, the extraction cup 11 and the collector 14 are removed, the remaining part (main) of the sample is poured, then the contact parts are wiped with solvent and the apparatus is ready for operation again. In the case of selection of a light solvent, the extraction process is similar, but the overflow device of the collector is installed to drain the solvent and part of the liquid sample through the hole B (figure 2). In the process of phase separation through hole B, the solvent and part of the liquid will merge

sample to the collector. This is due to the fact that at large phase ratios (> 5) a thin annular layer is formed within 3-5 mm, therefore, additional separation and more complete selection of the solvent in the collector from the annular chambers, which have significantly smaller dimensions than the extraction cup, are preferable. Separation and selection of phases is similar to the first option. In the case of double or triple extraction, after selecting the solvent, the rotor electric drive is turned off and the next portion of the solvent is poured through hole A, then the process is repeated. When processing a solid-phase sample, the extraction process is carried out with vigorous stirring, then only the sample extract is separated by overflowing through hole B and it is taken from the annular chamber by a suction tube.

Varying the position of the overflow device is associated with a wide variety of forms of sample preparation, including extraction and concentration, different types and volumes of samples and solvents with different physicochemical properties of the processed systems. At the end of the process, the rotor electric drive is turned off, the extract is sent to further work, the suction tubes are set to the idle position, the movable console is lifted and the rotor is removed from the pulley. The extraction cup and the collector are disconnected, and the remaining mixture is removed from the extraction cup. Then the contact surfaces are washed with a solvent and the extractor is ready for the next job. The cycle repeats.

Testing of this design in the methods of analysis of organic microimpurities in environmental objects in the system of environmental monitoring, veterinary control and plant protection has shown the high efficiency of the extractor.

Using a utility model provides the following advantages compared to the prototype:

- increasing the productivity of sample preparation by reducing the time for sample preparation;

- ease of use due to the fact that there is no need to assemble - disassemble the apparatus after processing each sample;

- an increase in the range of processed mixtures due to solvent recirculation.

Claims (1)

A screw extractor containing a base, a rotor consisting of an extraction cup and a collector with overflow devices, a rotor and mixer drive, and equipped with suction tubes, the collector is made with an annular partition forming two annular chambers, and the collector and the partition are equipped with overflow devices made with the possibility of regulating the level of overflow of liquids from the extraction cup to the collector and, accordingly, from one annular chamber to another, the rotor assembly is made easily removable and disassembled nym.