RU75160U1 - FILTERING WATER TREATMENT PLANT - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of water treatment and is intended for the purification of natural and waste water from suspended and colloidal impurities. Filtration water treatment plants contain a pressure filter with a floating granular charge and a pressure filter in series with it with a two-layer heavy load, consisting of an upper layer of anthracite 0.8-1.5 m high and with a granule size of 1.0-2.5 mm and the lower layer of quartz sand with a height of 0.6-1.2 m and a granule size of 0.6-1.8 mm The purified water is supplied from the bottom up to the filter with a floating granular charge through its lower distribution device and is diverted through slots in the upper distribution device located at an angle to the horizontal surface of the filter. After rough cleaning, water enters the filter with a two-layer heavy load. Periodic washing is carried out in the opposite direction. The installation is compact, reliable in operation, highly efficient and provides a high degree of water purification. 2 s.p. f-ly.

Description

The utility model relates to the field of water treatment and can be used in energy, chemical and other industries for the purification of natural and waste water from suspended and colloidal impurities.

A known installation for water purification by filtration, containing a pressure filter (FP3-4n) with a floating granular polystyrene foam loading and equipped with upper and lower distribution devices. The piping for the treated and rinsing water is connected to the upper switchgear. The drainage pipe of the treated water is connected to the middle drainage device through a polystyrene trap (see the Manual on the design of facilities for water treatment and preparation for SNiP 2.04.02 - 84 M. TsITP, 1989., p. 68).

The disadvantage of this installation is the low performance of the pressure filter, since the water is cleaned in a downward flow through a floating load. When the load increases due to an increase in the amount of water supplied to the water treatment, the polystyrene foam loading loosens, which reduces the efficiency of water treatment.

A known installation for the purification of river water, which undergoes preliminary coagulation with aluminum sulfate. The installation includes a non-pressure clarifier and a pressure mechanical filter with two-layer loading. The load consists of a top layer of hydroanthracite 1.0-1.2 m high

and with a granule size of 1.5-2.5 mm and a lower layer of silica sand with a height of 0.6-0.8 m and a granule size of 0.6-1.2 mm (see I.L.Shorin and others. New a look at obsolete pretreatment equipment of HVO. “Energy Saving and Water Treatment”, No. 5 (49), 2007, p. 17).

The disadvantage of this installation is the low reliability of the non-pressure clarifier to maintain a weighted slurry regime of the contact medium, especially when changing its performance.

To simplify and reduce the cost of the preliminary stage of surface water treatment, contact coagulation with aluminum salts on a mechanical filter is used instead of a clarifier with a suspended layer. However, fast contamination of the two-layer loading in this case will lead to a decrease in the productivity of the installation and an increase in the flow rate of washing water.

The closest technical solution is the installation for cleaning liquids (RF patent No. 2106897, class B01D 37/00; B01D 24/18, publ. March 20, 1998), including a preliminary pressureless filter with a floating load and a lower switchgear. The pipeline for supplying purified water, for introducing a coagulant and discharging the washing water is equipped with locking devices and is connected to the lower switchgear of the filter. The pre-filter through the intermediate chamber is connected to a pressure-free filter with a heavy load, consisting of zeolite. A pipeline for supplying washing water and discharging purified water with shut-off devices is connected to the lower switchgear of the heavy-load filter.

As a floating filter load, polystyrene foam (polystyrene) is used, which traps flocs of impurities from the treated water.

The disadvantage of this installation is the low dirt capacity of a single-layer heavy load, the low performance of a pressureless filtration system, the complicated and unreliable design of the device to keep the floating load in the flooded state of the pre-filter, especially large filters, and the uneven distribution of the wash water over the area of the pre-filter with a floating load.

The objective of the proposed utility model is to develop a high-performance water treatment plant that provides a high degree of water purification from colloidal and coarse particles. In this case, the installation should have smaller dimensions in comparison with the known ones and greater reliability in various modes.

To solve this problem, the installation includes a pressure filter with a floating granular load, upper and lower distribution devices, a pipeline for supplying purified water and discharging washing water, equipped with shut-off devices and connected to the lower distribution device, a pressure filter with a two-layer heavy granular load, lower distribution device and an overhead switchgear connected by a pipeline to the overhead switchgear of the floating filter narrow, and a pipeline for supplying washing water and drainage of purified water, equipped with shut-off devices and connected to the lower switchgear of the filter with a heavy two-layer loading, consisting of upper anthracite 0.8-1.5 m high and with a granule size of 1.0-2 5 mm and the lower layer of quartz sand with a height of 0.6-1.2 m and a granule size of 0.6-1.8 mm.

The upper switchgear of the filter with a floating granular charge is made in the form of a collector beam system with slots

filtration and is located at an angle to the horizontal surface of the filter with a maximum approximation to the upper sphere of the filter.

The height of the layer of floating granular load is 0.8-2.5 m and the granules have a size of 0.8-4.5 mm.

The utility model is illustrated in the drawing.

In FIG. The technological scheme of the installation for water purification by filtration is shown.

The pressure filter 1 with a floating granular charge 2 with a height of 0.8-2.5 m and a grain size of 0.8-4.5 mm is equipped with a lower 3 and upper 4 switchgears. The upper distribution device 4 is made in the form of a collector-beam system with filtration slots 5 and is located at an angle to the horizontal surface of the filter with a maximum approximation to the upper sphere of the filter 1.

The lower switchgear 3 of the filter 1 can be made, for example, in the form of a baffle plate (as shown in Fig.) Or a collector beam system.

The pipeline 6 for supplying purified water and discharge of washing water is equipped with shut-off devices 7 and 8 and is connected to the lower switchgear 3 of the filter 1.

The pressure filter 9 with a two-layer heavy load is equipped with a lower 10 and upper 11 switchgears. The upper switchgear 11 is connected by a pipe 12 to the upper switchgear 4 of the filter 1.

The heavy granular load of the filter 9 consists of an upper layer 13 of anthracite with a height of 0.8-1.5 m and a granule size of 1.0-2.5 mm and a lower layer of 14 quartz sand with a height of 0.6-1.2 m and a size granules 0.6-1.8 mm.

The lower switchgear 10 of the filter 9 is immersed in a layer of gravel 15 with a height of 0.1-0.3 m and a fractional composition of 2-10 mm.

The pipeline 16 for supplying washing water and drainage of purified water is equipped with locking devices 17 and 18 and is connected to the lower switchgear 10 of the filter 9.

Installation works as follows.

The purified water enters through the pipeline 6 with the open shut-off device 7 and the closed shut-off device 8 into the lower switchgear 3 of the filter 1 for the purification of water from colloidal impurities in the pipe 6, it is possible to supply a coagulant, for example, aluminum salts.

In the pressure filter 1 on a floating granular charge 2 of expanded polystyrene, coarse water is purified from colloidal and mechanical impurities. The removal of purified water from the pressure filter 1 is carried out through the upper switchgear 4, which has filtering means with slots 5 with sizes ranging from 0.5 to 1.0 mm. The embodiment of the upper distribution device 4 in the form of a collector-beam system, located at an angle to the horizontal surface of the filter, provides it with resistance to mechanical stress when an upward flow of purified water is supplied.

Then, after rough cleaning in the filter 1, the purified water flows through a pipe 12 to the upper distribution device 11 of the pressure filter 9 for fine cleaning. Pressure filter 9 has a two-layer loading, consisting of a lower layer of quartz sand 14 and a lighter layer 13 of coarse anthracite. Water passes through two loading layers from top to bottom and is discharged from the filter 9 through the lower distribution device 10. The purified water enters the pipe 16 with the locking device 18 open and the locking device 17 closed.

Periodic loosening flushing of filters 1 and 9 is carried out in the opposite direction. The washing water through the pipe 16 with the open locking device 17 and the closed locking device 18 enters the lower distribution device 10 of the pressure filter 9. The washing water cleans the two-layer filter load from small trapped impurities. Next, the spent washing water through the upper distribution device 11 and the pipe 12 enters the upper distribution device 4 of the pressure filter 1 with a floating charge 2. The water flows from top to bottom and cleans the charge of large impurities. Contaminated flushing water is discharged through the lower distribution device 3 into the pipeline 6 and discharged with the open locking device 8 and the closed locking device 7.

Thus, the proposed utility model makes it possible to ensure a high degree of water purification due to preliminary rough cleaning of it from coarse and heavy contaminants in a filter with a floating charge and fine purification from small contaminants in a filter with a two-layer charge.

The backwash, carried out sequentially through two filters, provides effective cleaning of filter materials with a low flow rate of wash water.

Claims (3)

1. Installation of water purification by filtration, including a filter with a floating granular charge and a lower distribution device, a pipeline for supplying purified water and discharge of washing water, equipped with shut-off devices and connected to the lower distribution device, a filter with a heavy granular load and a lower distribution device, a pipeline for supply of washing water and drainage of purified water, equipped with locking devices and connected to the lower switchgear of the filter with a heavy load viscous, characterized in that both filters are made pressure and equipped with upper distribution devices, interconnected by a pipeline, and a heavy granular load consists of an upper layer of anthracite with a height of 0.8-1.5 m and a granule size of 1.0-2.5 mm and the lower layer of quartz sand with a height of 0.6-1.2 m and a granule size of 0.6-1.8 mm. 2. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the upper switchgear of the filter with a floating granular charge is made in the form of a collector-beam system with filter slots and is located at an angle to the horizontal surface of the filter with a maximum approximation to the upper sphere of the filter. 3. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the height of the floating loading layer is 0.8-2.5 m, and the granules have a size of 0.8-4.5 mm.