RU73155U1 - Shelter for vegetable and melon plants - Google Patents

Abstract

Usage: in the vegetable industry, for growing heat-loving vegetables and gourds. Effect: increase the degree of protection of plants from adverse weather conditions and insect pests. The essence of the utility model: contains a protective ring with pins, an external translucent cap and an additional translucent cap installed inside the protective cap, on an additional cap on three sides of the surface there are groups of vertical narrow slots of six in each group, and in the middle of the last sector of the surface - vertical concavity with a radius of 2-2.5 cm for pouring hot water into the shelter when there is a risk of frost, each of the caps has two curly rectangular grooves located diametrically opposite in the lower part of the base of the caps for a clear fixation and fastening on the pins of the protective ring, as well as folding flexible tabs with holes for removing the caps, the outer cap mounted above an additional cap with an air gap between them and covers the ring along the outer contour, each of the caps is fixed on the pins of the protective ring by turning around its central axis to the stop in the horizontal part of the curly cylindrical groove. In addition, the shelter is equipped with a two-halved cylindrical pot for planting melons with a removable threaded bottom and a removable threaded ring for fastening the halves, as well as a stand for the pot made of

dark material, such as polyethylene. Translucent caps are made of a copolymer of ethylene vinyl acetate. Positive result: increased yield and high quality fruits. 1 p.p. f-ly, 4 ill.

Description

Utility Model Description

Shelter for vegetable and melon plants refers to agriculture, namely to the field of vegetable growing and melons, and is intended to protect heat-loving plants planted in a permanent place from pests, adverse weather conditions and can be used in household plots, garden gardens, etc.

Known protective cap for av.St. SU 1616549, A1, 5A01G 13/02, priority 03.01 89, publ. 12/30/90, B. No. 48, comprising arched ribs interconnected by their upper ends, on which a coating of flexible material is worn. The ribs are made in the form of elastic strips and are interconnected by means of a hinge with a vertical axis, and the coating is fixed on only two adjacent ribs and is joined with a fastener along the length of adjacent ribs.

A protective cap in the form of a polyhedron is convenient for storing and transporting vegetable crops, but its design has a drawback, namely, the lack of ventilation and protection from insects, if used for growing heat-loving, for example, vegetable-melon plants.

Also known is the spring greenhouse for growing plants according to St. St. SU 1417833, A1, 4A01G 9/24, priority 02.27.86, publ. 08/23/88, B. No. 31, containing a film coating, stretched over the frame, and the pallet.

A common feature of the second analogue and the claimed shelter is the geometric form of the film coating, namely the spherical shape of the upper part in the form of a cap.

The disadvantage of the second analogue is the lack of products.

As a prototype, a device for heating protected ground with low-grade heat according to St. SU 1607744, A1, 5A01G 9/24, priority 06.06.88, publ. 11/23/90, B.№43.

The prototype device contains inlet and outlet collectors and rows of toroidal heat exchangers connected to the collectors and to each other by means of detachable couplings. Each heat exchanger in the form of a toroidal chamber is equipped with a removable translucent cap covering it along the outer contour.

A common sign of the prototype and the claimed shelter is the presence of a removable translucent cap.

The disadvantage of the prototype is the lack of protection against insect pests, as well as the possibility of watering without removing the cap.

The task to which the claimed shelter is directed is to increase the efficiency of growing vegetable and melon plants, increase yield and quality of fruits by creating favorable conditions for their development.

The technical result achieved by the implementation of the proposed shelter is to expand the degree of protection of plants from adverse weather conditions: frost, hail, wind and cold rain, as well as insect pests: bear cubs, wireworms, Colorado beetles and small animals: mice and birds.

To achieve a technical result, in a shelter for vegetable and melon plants containing an external translucent cap, the following is provided: it is equipped with a protective ring and an additional translucent cap installed inside the ring, while the protective ring is made with two horizontal pins diametrically located at a height of 5-7 cm from the inner and outer sides of the ring, as well as a two-sided chamfer on the lower end part, in an additional cap in three sectors

surfaces are made of groups of vertical narrow slots of six in each group, and in the middle of the last sector there is a vertical concavity with a radius of 2-2.5 cm for pouring hot water into the shelter, each of the caps has two curly rectangular grooves located diametrically opposite on the bottom the base of the caps for clear fixing and fastening on the pins of the ring, as well as folding flexible tongues with holes for removing the caps, rigidly attached to the upper surface of the caps, with the outer cap mounted above Modes hood air layer therebetween and covering the outer contour of the ring, each of caps mounted on the pins and secured by rotating the ring about its central axis until it stops in the horizontal part of figure rectangular groove.

The shelter is additionally equipped with a cylindrical pot with a stand made of dark material, such as polyethylene, while the pot is made of two halves, on the surface of which round holes for ventilation are staggered, one of the halves has a recess in the upper thickened part, and the other corresponding the protrusion in the upper thickened part for fixing relative to each other and fastened from above by a removable threaded ring, and from below by a removable threaded bottom with round holes on the surface STI

Translucent caps are made, for example, from a copolymer of ethylene vinyl acetate.

New elements and details: a protective ring, an additional translucent cap, a pot with a stand. Pot fastening elements: threaded ring and threaded bottom.

New features of the structural performance of parts, their geometric shape, aspect ratio:

- the protective ring is made with two horizontal pins diametrically located at a height of 5-7 cm from the inside and outside of the ring and a two-sided chamfer on the lower end part;

- in an additional cap in three sectors of the surface there are groups of vertical narrow slots of six in each group, and in the middle of the last sector there is a vertical concavity with a radius of 2-2.5 cm;

- each of the hoods has two curly rectangular grooves located diametrically opposite on the lower base of the hoods and folding flexible tongues with an opening for removing the hoods;

- the cylindrical pot is made of two halves, on the surface of which round holes for ventilation are staggered;

- one of the halves of the pot has a recess in the upper thickened part, and the other a corresponding protrusion in the upper thickened part for fixing relative to each other;

- removable threaded bottom of the pot is made with round holes for ventilation.

Interconnection, interaction, relative position of parts:

- an additional translucent cap is installed inside the protective ring;

- folding flexible tabs are rigidly attached to the upper surface of the caps;

- the outer cap is installed above the additional cap with a layer of air between them and covers the protective ring along the outer contour;

- each of the caps is mounted on the horizontal pins of the protective ring and secured by turning around its central axis to the stop in the horizontal part of the figured rectangular groove;

- the halves of the pot are fastened on top with a removable threaded ring, and on the bottom with a removable threaded bottom;

- the pot is placed inside the shelter and mounted on a stand.

The material from which the parts are made:

- translucent caps made of a copolymer of ethylene vinyl acetate;

- detachable halves of the pot and stand are made of dark colored polyethylene (black or gray).

A protective ring is necessary to ensure the isolation of plants grown in shelter from pests that live in the upper layer of the earth: wireworms, and bear cubs. A two-sided chamfer, made on the end of the ring, contributes to easier pressing it into the ground. In addition, the protective ring provides the fixation of translucent caps relative to each other and the strong fastening of the caps on the horizontal pins of the ring.

An additional translucent cap is made with three groups of vertical slots, the width of which is selected so that the insects could not get inside the shelter. In addition, the slots are necessary for ventilation of the air overheated in sunny weather, which is in the shelter, as well as for penetration of sunlight into the plants, therefore, an additional cap is installed so that the slots are located on the southern, western and eastern sides. On the north side of the cap, a vertical concavity was made with a radius of 2-2.5 cm for pouring hot water into the shelter under the threat of frost at night.

A pot with holes on its surface and a stand under it are necessary for planting gourds, which are characterized by increased heat loving. Therefore, the pot and the stand for heat accumulation are made of dark material, which contributes to the additional heating of the earth inside the pot due to contact with the warm air of the shelter. The cylindrical shape of the pot provides plants with a significantly larger volume of soil for root development compared to the conical shape of the pot.

These new elements, details, their constructive implementation, location, interconnection and interconnection allow us to solve the problem - to increase the efficiency of plant growth. The set of distinctive features of the claimed device is not found in the patent and scientific literature.

In Fig.1 shows the claimed shelter, in Fig.2 is a cylindrical pot with a stand.

In the drawings, the following notation:

1 - external translucent cap;

2 - a protective ring;

3 - additional translucent cap;

4 - horizontal pins;

5 - slots;

6 - vertical concavity;

7 - figured rectangular groove;

8 - tongue;

9 - a cylindrical pot;

10 - removable threaded ring;

11 - removable threaded bottom;

12 - stand for the pot.

Shelter for vegetable-melon plants contains an external translucent cap 1, a protective ring 2 and an additional translucent cap 3.

The protective ring 2 is made with two horizontal pins 4, diametrically located at a height of 5-7 cm from the end, on the inner and outer sides of the ring. Pins 4 are necessary for installing and fixing removable translucent caps 1 and 3 on them. A double-sided chamfer is made on the lower end part of ring 2, which makes it easy to deepen the protective ring 2 into the ground when installed in a permanent place to be protected from pests living in the upper layer the soil.

An additional translucent cap 3 is made with slots 5, which are a group of six vertical narrow gaps located in each of the three sectors of the surface of the cap 3. When installing the shelter at a constant place, the slots 5 should be located on the south, west and east for the penetration of sunlight to to plants. The additional cap 3 has a vertical concavity 6, which is located in the middle of the remaining sector of the surface of the cap 3 and should be located on the north side when the cap is installed in a constant place. Vertical concavity 6 with a radius of 2-2.5 cm is necessary for pouring hot water into the shelter, in case of night freezing to -7 ° C.

Each of the translucent caps is made with two curly rectangular grooves 7 located diametrically opposite in the lower part of the caps. With the help of the grooves 7, the caps 1 and 3 are mounted on the protective ring 2. In addition, each cap is equipped with a folding flexible tongue 8 having an opening for gripping with a finger and removing the cap. The tongue 8 is rigidly attached to the upper surface of the cap.

An external translucent cap 1 is mounted above an additional translucent cap 3 with an air gap between them of approximately 1 cm, which creates an air cushion and further protects the plants from cooling. The caps, when installed in a permanent place, are buried 2 cm into the soil. An additional cap 3 is installed inside the protective ring 2, and the outer cap 1 covers the ring from above. Caps 1 and 3 are mounted on the horizontal pins 4 of the protective ring 2 and are fixed by turning around their central axis to the stop in the horizontal part of the figured grooves 7.

Translucent caps are made of a copolymer of ethylene vinyl acetate, the protective ring must be made of durable material, since it holds the caps on its pins in windy weather.

The cylindrical pot 9 consists of two halves, fastened on top with a removable threaded ring 10 and a removable threaded bottom 11. The surface of the pot 9 and the threaded bottom 11 is made with round holes necessary for ventilation and heating of the soil in the pot from thermal air inside the shelter. One of the halves of the pot 9 has a groove in the upper thickened part, and the other has a corresponding protrusion in the upper thickened part for clear fixation relative to each other.

The cylindrical pot 9 and the stand 12 under it are made of dark material, such as polyethylene. This additionally accumulates heat in the daytime, warming the earth in a pot.

Use of the claimed shelter is recommended as follows. In the early spring (in the middle lane from April 28), shelters can be installed in a permanent place. This allows you to not disturb the natural growth and development of thermophilic plants. First you need to prepare a plot of land for planting, outlining where

a permanent place will be planted plants, placing them so that it is convenient to use shelters.

The protective ring is buried in the ground by 2-4 cm. This is necessary to protect plants from insects - pests that live in the upper layer of the earth. The guard ring remains in place until the end of the harvest.

Inside the shelter, seedlings or seeds are planted at the intended place, depending on the type of plant.

Daytime shelter of plants is an additional translucent hood with vertical slots on a spherical surface. It is installed inside the protective ring, buried in the ground by about 2 cm and rigidly fixed by turning the cap around its central axis until the pins stop in the horizontal part of the curly grooves.

Under the daily hood, the temperature is maintained to the optimum limit.

Plants during daylight hours additionally receive the entire spectrum of sunlight through vertical gaps - cuts on the spherical surface of the hoods.

When the temperature drops over the daytime cap, the nighttime outer cap 1 is fixed, installing it with the protective ring 2 covered along the outer contour and deepening into the ground by about 2 cm as well. An air layer is formed between the caps - an “air cushion”, which additionally warms up the plants at night . Favorable conditions are created for the development of thermophilic plants.

If there is a threat of large frosts to -6 -7 ° C in the evening, it is recommended to pour hot water in the volume of 150-200 g inside the shelter.

the inner surface of the hoods of the pair condenses in the form of a continuous layer, but the temperature inside the shelter does not fall below + 6 ° C.

The use of shelter allows you to plant seedlings of heat-loving crops in the early stages. There is no need for hotbeds and nurseries for a dive, pottery crafts.

Caps are removed when the threat of frost passes in early June, and the protective rings remain until the fall.

For the cultivation of gourds, you can sow directly into the ground under cover when the temperature of the ground under the hoods warms up to a temperature of + 12-15 ° С. In prolonged cold weather, it is better to plant melons in separate pots with a stand, which are made with holes for contact with the heated air of the shelter.

When installing a pot of earth under the hoods, the earth in the pot quickly heats up, as it is surrounded by warm air. Two days later, sowing watermelons, melons, zucchini, pumpkins, cucumbers and other crops is sown.

With such a growing system, these crops mature completely. Pots are easily released from the earth, 25-30 days after planting, when shoots appear. Caps are removed when the last frost has passed, and the rings remain to protect from the bear and wireworm until the end of the harvest.

The claimed shelter is tested in practice. It allows early planting of plants that grow under favorable conditions. For example, tomatoes begin to ripen from July 15 and until the end of August the entire crop on the bush ripens completely.

Shelter in comparison with analogues and prototype has a greater degree of protection of plants from adverse weather conditions and pests of agricultural crops, thereby dramatically increasing the yield of vegetables.

Information sources:

1. Av.St. SU 1616549, A1, 5A01G 13/02, ave. 03.01.89, publ. 12/30/90;

2. Av.St. SU 1417833, A1, 4A01G 9/24, pr. 27.02.86, publ. 08/23/88;

3. Av.St. SU 1607744, A1, 5A01G 9/24, pr. 06.06.88, publ. 11.23.90, prototype.

Claims (3)

1. Shelter for vegetable and melon plants, containing an external translucent cap, characterized in that it is equipped with a protective ring and an additional translucent cap installed inside the ring, while the protective ring is made with two pins diametrically located at a height of 5-7 cm from the inner and on the outer side of the ring, as well as a two-sided chamfer on the lower end part, in an additional cap in each of the three surface sectors, groups of vertical narrow slots are made, six in each group, and in the middle e of the last sector - vertical concavity with a radius of 2-2.5 cm for pouring hot water inside the shelter, each of the caps has two curly rectangular grooves located diametrically opposite in the lower part of the base of the caps for clear fixation and fastening them on the pins of the ring, and also folding hinged tabs with holes for removing caps, rigidly attached to the upper surface of the caps, with the outer cap mounted above an additional cap with an air layer between them and covers the ring on the outer round, each of the caps mounted on the pins and secured by rotating the ring about its central axis until it stops in the horizontal part of figure rectangular groove. 2. Shelter according to claim 1, characterized in that it is provided with a stand with a cylindrical pot for planting melons grown on it, made of dark material, such as polyethylene, while the pot is made of two halves, on the surface of which are staggered round ventilation holes, one of the halves has a recess in the upper thickened part, and the other has a corresponding protrusion in the upper thickened part for fixing relative to each other and fastened on top with a removable threaded ring ohm, and below - a removable threaded bottom made with round holes on the surface. 3. Shelter according to claim 1, characterized in that the translucent caps are made, for example, of a copolymer of ethylene vinyl acetate.