RU72550U1 - DEVICE FOR DETECTION AND DIRECTING OF A MOVING MARINE OBJECT - Google Patents

Abstract

A device for detecting and direction finding a moving marine object. The essence of the utility model consists in the fact that a device made in a certain way in which a third receiving channel included in the signal processing unit, remote from the first and second receiving channels in the stern of the marine carrier, allows, due to the diversity of the reception of signals with time delays, to produce all the receiving channels two different in time reception of useful signals. The claimed device provides the expanded use of interference locations not only to detect a marine object, but also to determine the direction to the source of the hydroacoustic signal and its bearing. Namely: the generation of an alarm when working in an aqueous medium with unsteady boundaries (an excited surface and statistical heterogeneity of the bottom) and when the carrier of the proposed device is unsteady, which causes instability of the interference zone. The introduction of the correlation device in the claimed utility model provides the calculation of the correlation function based on the mathematical processing of the detected first and second useful signals with the ability to calculate the bearing to the source of the hydroacoustic signal to prevent collisions of anthropogenic marine as well as biological objects. For documenting, storing the decision made and its subsequent analysis, an additional recording is made in the information display unit with the possibility of visual observation of the received data and documentation on various media. 1 n., 6 wp f-ly, 1 ill.

Description

The utility model relates to hydroacoustic signaling devices, namely, devices for detecting and direction finding moving sea objects and can be used to determine sea surface waves, determine bearing to an object and prevent collisions of anthropogenic marine and freshwater, as well as biological objects and large concentrations of fish schools .

A device for alarm, containing a series-connected high-frequency generator with a transmitting antenna, a receiving antenna, an amplitude detector of a received signal. (Patent 2124232 of the Russian Federation, IPC 6 G08B 13/24. Device for alarming / Trefilov N.A .; Nikolaenko V.A .; Sheremet Yu.Yu.; Eljagin S.V .; Margelov A.A .; patentee Ulyanovsky State Technical University of the Russian Federation; No. 96102923; application 02.15.1996; publ. 12.27.1998. - 1 C .: ill.).

The known device generates an alarm when an extraneous additional object appears in the guarded object. As a result, in comparison with the initial characteristics, a component with new amplitude-phase characteristics appears in the reflected signal, and the device generates an alarm signal in accordance with the specified detection criterion.

The disadvantage of the described analogue is that the operation of the known device involves its functioning in a space limited by statically fixed boundaries, and the device also does not determine the direction to the detected object.

Another known closest to the claimed utility model in technical essence and selected as a prototype device for detecting a moving marine object. In the known prototype device, an aqueous medium is used as a transmission medium to provide acoustic communication. The prototype contains a radiation unit in which the output of the high-frequency generator is connected to the input of the radiating antenna device, with the possibility of transmitting the radiated signal to the input of the signal processing unit containing two identical receiving channels, in each of which there is a receiving antenna device. The output of each receiving antenna device is connected to the input of the corresponding matching device. As antenna devices in both receiving channels, an electro-acoustic transducer for receiving acoustic signals, a subtractor and an adaptive filter are used. From the output of the first matching device, the useful signal is simultaneously sent to the first input of the subtracting device and the first input of the adaptive filter. From the output of the second matching device, the interference signal is fed to the second input of the adaptive filter with the aim of adapting from non-stationary processes occurring in the marine environment (for example, sea surface waves) and non-stationary motion of the carrier of the proposed device. From the output of the adaptive filter, the normalized signal is fed to the second input of the subtractor, from the output of which the signal processed in it is fed to the input of the amplitude detector. In addition, the prototype includes an information display unit with the ability to document data. (Application No. 2007126542 Russian Federation; IPC G08B 3/00 (2006.01), G08B 31/00 (2006.01). A device for detecting a moving marine object / Kalashnikov II, Kolmogorov BC, Senchenko AG, Yurchenko E.N. ; applicant TOVMI named after S.O. Makarov, (RU) and Kalashnikov II, (RU); - No. 2007126542; filed July 11, 2007).

The known device prototype using interference locations allows you to detect moving marine technogenic and biological

objects. However, the prototype does not provide structural elements providing the possibility of expanded use of interference locations not only to detect a marine object, but also to determine the direction to the source of the hydroacoustic signal, namely its bearing.

To address these shortcomings, the claimed utility model is aimed, the technical task of which is: improving the acoustic signaling device - a prototype, with the ability to detect and determine bearing on an object to prevent collision of biological, man-made marine and freshwater objects.

The implementation of the technical task allows to achieve the following technical result:

- An improved sonar detection and direction finding device was created in the near protected area of the object and collision avoidance of marine objects;

- the inclusion of the third receiving channel in the signal processing unit provides an expanded use of the interference location not only for detecting a marine object, but also for determining the direction of its bearing to the source of a hydroacoustic signal; namely:

- the location of the third receiving channel, remote from the first and second receiving channels in the stern of the marine carrier, allows, due to the diversity of the reception of signals with time delays, to generate all the receiving channels two different in time of receiving useful signals;

- additionally provided in the claimed device, the second subtracting device and the second adaptive filter provide the possibility of generating a second useful signal characterizing the dynamics of the detected marine object in the study area;

- the introduction of a correlation device in the claimed utility model provides the calculation of the correlation function based on mathematical

processing detected first and second useful signals with the ability to calculate the bearing to the source of the hydroacoustic signal.

To achieve the desired technical result, the proposed device for the detection and direction finding of a moving marine object, containing a radiation unit, which is connected through acoustic communication through the aquatic environment with the signal processing unit. The signal processing unit includes two identical receiving channels, the output of the first receiving channel being connected in parallel with the first input of the subtractor and with the first input of the first adaptive filter. The output of the second premium channel is connected to the second input of the first adaptive filter, designed to generate the first normalized signal coming from it to the second input of the first subtractive device. The output of the first subtractor is connected to the input of the first amplitude detector to supply the detected first useful signal from its output. In addition, the device comprises an information display unit.

The difference between the claimed "Detection and direction finding device of a moving marine object" from the prototype is that the signal processing unit additionally includes a third receiving channel, structurally remote from the first and second receiving channels in the stern of the marine carrier with the possibility of receiving a time-separated acoustic channel by the third receiving channel the signal reflected from the marine object, and the subsequent generation of the signal direction finding characteristics. For this, a second subtractor and a second adaptive filter are provided. Moreover, the output of the first receiving channel is connected in parallel with the first input of the second subtracting device and with the first input of the second adaptive filter, the second input of which is connected to the output of the third receiving channel. The output of the second adaptive filter is connected to the second input of the second subtractor to generate a second useful signal and feed it from the output of the second subtractor to the input of the second amplitude detector additionally included in the device. FROM

the output of the amplitude detector, the detected second useful signal is supplied to the second input of the additionally turned on correlation device, and the first detected useful signal from the output of the first amplitude detector is fed to its first input. The output of the correlation device is connected to the input of the information display unit.

In addition, the first and second receiving channels are structurally located in front of the carrier, and one radiating and three receiving electro-acoustic elements are used as antenna devices, respectively, with the possibility of radiation and subsequent reception of acoustic signals by all receiving channels.

An additional difference is that all the receiving channels are structurally identical, for which purpose the output of each corresponding receiving electro-acoustic element in them is connected to the input of the corresponding matching device, and the output of the corresponding matching device is the output of the corresponding receiving channel.

Another additional difference is that the information display unit is used with the possibility of visual observation of the received data and documentation on various media.

A clarifying difference is that the correlation device generates a direction-finding signal with the ability to determine the direction to the source of the hydro-acoustic signal reflected from a moving marine object, and the generated direction-finding signal is used to prevent collision of anthropogenic marine as well as biological objects.

Such a mutual arrangement of structural elements and the relationship between the elements provides an alarm when working in an aquatic environment with unsteady boundaries (excited surface and statistical heterogeneity of the bottom) and when the carrier of the proposed device is unsteady, which causes instability of the interference zone.

And the presence of a correlation device, functionally connected to the monitor, allows you to visually observe the processed and selected signal from the object, which makes it possible to detect it to make a decision about the danger. For documentation, storage of the decision made and its subsequent analysis, an additional recording is made in the information display unit.

The essence of the utility model is illustrated by the drawing: A device for detecting and direction finding a moving marine object. Functional diagram.

The diagram shows:

1. The radiation unit

1.1 High Frequency Generator

1.2 Radiating antenna device

2. Signal processing unit

2.1. First receiving channel

2.1.1. Receiving antenna device (first receiving electro-acoustic element)

2.1.2. Matching device

2.2. Second receiving channel

2.2.1. Receiving antenna device (second electro-acoustic receiving element)

2.2.2. Matching device

2.3. Third receiving channel

2.3.1. Receiving antenna device (third electro-acoustic receiving element)

2.3.2. Matching device

2.4. First Subtractor

2.5. First adaptive filter

2.6. Second Subtractor

2.7. Second adaptive filter

3. The first amplitude detector

4. The correlation device

5. Information display unit

6. The second amplitude detector

All structural elements in the radiation unit 1, in the signal processing unit 2, as well as both amplitude detectors 3 and 6, the correlation device 4 and the information display unit 5 are connected by electrical connections. The radiation unit 1 is connected to the signal processing unit 2 through acoustic communication through an aqueous medium. A high-frequency generator 1.1, which generates and emits signals of a given frequency, arriving at a radiating antenna device 1.2, was used as a device for generating signals. As a radiating antenna device 1.2, a radiating electro-acoustic element is used, with the possibility of transmitting acoustic signals to the aquatic environment. In the signal processing unit 2, three identical receiving channels 2.1, 2.2 and 2.3 are formed. Moreover, the outputs of the first and second receiving channels are functionally connected to the structural elements of the device with the possibility of supplying the detected first useful signal to the first input of the correlation device 4. Namely: in the first and second receiving channel, the output of each receiving antenna device 2.1.1 and 2.2.1 is connected to the input of the corresponding matching device 2.1.2 or 2.2.2, respectively, to form two identical receiving channels 2.1; 2.2. The first receiving channel 2.1 is connected in parallel with the first input of the first subtractor 2.4, the first input of the first adaptive filter 2.5, the first input of the second subtractor 2.6 and the first input of the second adaptive filter 2.7. In the second receiving channel 2.2, the output of the matching device 2.2.2 is connected to the second input of the first adaptive filter 2.5 intended for generating the first normalized signal supplied to the second input of the subtracting device 2.4. The output of the subtractor 2.4 through the first amplitude detector 3 is connected with the possibility of supply

from its output of the detected first useful signal to the first input of the correlation device 4. The output of the third receiving channel is connected to the structural elements of the device with the possibility of feeding the detected second useful signal to the second input of the correlation device. Namely: in the third receiving channel, the output of the receiving antenna device 2.3.1 is connected through a matching device 2.3.2. with the second input of the second adaptive filter 2.7. The second adaptive filter 2.7 is used to generate a second normalized signal for this the first output of the second adaptive filter 2.7 is connected to the second input of the second subtractor 2.6. From the output of the second subtracting device 2.6, the second useful signal is fed to the input of the second amplitude detector 6, from which the detected second useful signal is fed to the second input of the correlation device 4 with the possibility of generating a direction-finding characteristic in it. The output of the correlation device 4 is connected to the input of the information display unit 5 with the possibility of visual observation of the received data and documentation on various media.

The device operates as follows

To ensure direction finding and detection of marine objects used marine carrier, as is customary in science and technology to the priority date. The operation of the claimed device is based on recording changes in the frequency response of the investigated area associated with the absence or presence in it of a moving marine object. Registered fixed values of the frequency response are used to calculate the correlation function with the ability to detect and direction finding a moving marine object.

For operation, the device is equipped with a generally accepted portable or stationary power source and is located on this floating marine carrier. When working in the radiation unit 1, the generator 1.1 generates signals of a given frequency, which are fed to the input of the radiating antenna device 1.2 (electro-acoustic element). Antenna device

1.2 converts the received electrical signals of a given frequency into acoustic signals of a given frequency, followed by their radiation into the aquatic environment of the study area. As a result of multiple mutual reflection, acoustic signals scan the entire space of the investigated area.

During the movement of anthropogenic marine or freshwater, as well as a biological object in the aquatic environment, the acoustic properties of the area under investigation are first investigated. To do this, in the first receiving channel 2.1, the receiving antenna device 2.1.1 receives the acoustic signal of the studied area, converts it into an electrical signal, which feeds the input of the matching device 2.1.2. The matching device 2.1.2 amplifies the incoming electrical signal and registers the amplitude-frequency characteristic (AFC) of the first receiving channel characterizing the space of the region under study. Thus, the frequency response (acoustic signal of the area under study) recorded and registered in the first receiving channel 2.1 from the output of the matching device 2.1.2 is simultaneously fed to the input of the first subtracting device 2.4 and to the first input of the first adaptive filter 2.5, to the first input of the second subtracting device 2.6 and the first input of the second adaptive filter 2.7.

The detection of a moving marine object is carried out using the second receiving channel 2.2. In addition, the first 2.1 and second 2.2 receiving channels are structurally located in front of the carrier. In the second receiving channel 2.2, a receiving antenna device 2.2.1 is provided, which receives an acoustic signal reflected from a moving marine object, converts it into an electrical signal and feeds it to the input of a matching device 2.2.2. The electric signal amplified in the matching device 2.2.2 is output from its output to the second input of the first adaptive filter 2.5.

The third receiving channel 2.3 is structurally removed from the first and second receiving channels 2.1 and 2.2, and is located in the aft part of the marine carrier

with the possibility of receiving a second signal reflected from the sea object spaced in time for the subsequent development of direction-finding characteristics. To do this, in the third receiving channel 2.3, the receiving antenna device 2.3.1 receives an acoustic signal reflected in time from the marine object, converts it into an electric signal and supplies it to the input of the matching device 2.3.2. The matching device 2.3.2 amplifies the electric signal, spaced apart in time, with corresponding amplitude-frequency characteristics. From the output of the matching device 2.3.2, the electrical signals spaced in time with the corresponding amplitude-frequency characteristics recorded by the third receiving channel 2.3 are fed to the second input of the second adaptive filter 2.7.

In the second adaptive filter 2.7, a second normalized signal is generated, which is fed from the first output of the second adaptive filter 2.7 to the second input of the second subtractor 2.6. From the output of which the second useful signal is fed to the input of the second amplitude detector 6, from the output of which the detected second useful signal is fed to the second input of the correlation device 4. And to the first input of the correlation device 4, from the output of the first subtracting device 2.4, the processed in it 3 a detected first useful signal with the possibility of subsequent generation of a direction-finding characteristic of a detected moving marine object in a correlation arrangement stve 4.

The results of the calculation for detection and direction finding from the output of the correlation device 4 are fed to the input of the information display unit 5 with the possibility of visual observation of the data and documenting on various media.

The claimed utility model "Device for detecting and direction finding of a moving marine object" is an improved sonar device to ensure safe navigation. Claimed

The device has the following advantages:

- the third receiving channel to the signal processing unit provides extended use of the interference location not only for detecting a marine object, but also for determining the direction to the source of the hydroacoustic signal;

- the location of the third receiving channel, remote from the first and second receiving channels in the stern of the marine carrier, allows, due to the diversity of the reception of signals with time delays, to generate all the receiving channels two different in time of receiving useful signals characterizing the interference pattern of the study area for detection and direction finding marine object in its statics and dynamics;

- the introduction of the correlation device in the claimed utility model provides the calculation of the correlation function based on the mathematical processing of the detected first and second useful signals with the ability to calculate the bearing to the source of the hydroacoustic signal.

- improving the sensitivity of the device through the use of adaptive filtering;

- high speed data processing provided by using the appropriate computer with the appropriate application package.

All the advantages of the utility model in the aggregate provide the ability to effectively use the interference location to solve technical problems in the detection and direction finding of a moving marine object using the claimed device.

The claimed solution does not adversely affect the ecological state of the environment, and is of significant interest to the national economy, as it ensures the protection of biological and technogenic marine and freshwater objects.

The claimed device is industrially applicable, since its implementation uses widespread components and products of the radio industry and computer technology.

Claims (7)

1. A device for detecting and direction finding a moving marine object, comprising a radiation unit that is connected through acoustic communication through an aqueous medium to a signal processing unit including two identical receiving channels, the output of the first receiving channel being connected in parallel to the first input of the subtractor and to the first input of the first adaptive filter, and the output of the second premium channel is connected to the second input of the first adaptive filter, designed to generate the first normalized signal, falling from it to the second input of the first subtracting device; the output of the first subtracting device is connected to the input of the first amplitude detector for supplying the detected first useful signal from its output, in addition, the device contains an information display unit, characterized in that a third receiving channel is additionally included in the signal processing unit, structurally remote from the first and second receiving channels into the stern of the marine carrier with the possibility of receiving the third receiving channel of the time-separated acoustic signal reflected from the marine object, and the next signal generation direction finding characteristics, for which a second subtractor and a second adaptive filter are provided, the output of the first receiving channel being connected in parallel with the first input of the second subtracting device and with the first input of the second adaptive filter, the second input of which is connected to the output of the third receiving channel, and the output the second adaptive filter is connected to the second input of the second subtractor to generate a second useful signal and feed it from the output of the second subtractor devices to the input of the second amplitude detector additionally included in the device, from the output of which the detected second useful signal is supplied to the second input of the additionally included correlation device, and the first useful signal detected from the output of the first amplitude detector is fed to its first input, the output of the correlation device being connected to the input information display unit. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the first and second receiving channels are structurally located in front of the carrier. 3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that as the antenna devices used one emitting and three receiving electro-acoustic elements, respectively, with the possibility of radiation and subsequent reception of acoustic signals by all receiving channels. 4. The device according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that all the receiving channels are structurally identical, for which the output of each corresponding receiving electro-acoustic element is connected to the input of the corresponding matching device, and the output of the corresponding matching device is the output of the corresponding receiving channel. 5. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the information display unit is used with the possibility of visual observation of the obtained data and documentation on various media. 6. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the correlation device generates a direction-finding characteristic signal with the ability to determine the direction to the source of the hydroacoustic signal reflected from a moving marine object. 7. The device according to claim 1 or 6, characterized in that the generated signal of the direction-finding characteristic is used to prevent collision of anthropogenic marine as well as biological objects.