RU72240U1 - DEVICE FOR MECHANICAL WASTE WATER TREATMENT - Google Patents

Abstract

1. A device for mechanical wastewater treatment, comprising a frame with a grill installed in its cross members with a filtered web in the form of a set of thin strips, a rake with teeth mounted on two endless chains mounted on pairs of drive and working gears and a drive, characterized in that thin strips of the filter cloth are fixed at one end in the lower cross member of the frame, and the other end, equipped with end tier spikes, are placed in the nests made in the upper cross member, the tooth tips of all rake rasp laid in the plane of movement of the rake, and the working surface of the filter cloth is made at an angle to the specified plane with a slope in the direction of the upper cross member. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the nests are formed by tiered protrusions made on the upper cross member and located perpendicular to the spikes of the strips and at an angle to their ends, and grooves of inserts mounted on the tiered protrusions. 3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the strips have a thickness equal to 1.0 ... 3.0 mm, a width of 80 ... 200 mm and a length of 1000 ... 3000 mm.

Description

The invention relates to the field of wastewater treatment, in particular, to devices for the detention and removal of garbage and waste from wastewater.

A device for mechanical wastewater treatment, containing a grate with a filter cloth from rods attached to several jumpers (ties), rakes (scrapers) with teeth, mounted on two endless chains mounted on pairs of drive and working gears and drive. (RF p. No. 2224851 of 02.27.2004, according to class E03F 5/14).

The disadvantage of this device is the low efficiency and reliability of its operation in the presence of sewage or sludge from textile waste (pile, threads, fibers, rags, etc.). When the device is operating under these conditions, hard-to-remove rolls, “carpet paths” and “beards” are intensively generated between the filter rods and the lintels of the filter cloth due to the presence of jumpers, which leads to fast clogging of the cloth and loss of operability of the device. As a result, there is a need for frequent forced cleaning of the filter cloth from blockages manually or rinsing it with water under high pressure, which increases operating costs and increases the complexity of servicing the device.

The closest analogue to the claimed device for mechanical wastewater treatment is a device for mechanical wastewater treatment, containing a frame with a grill installed in its crossbars with a filtered web, in the form of a set of thin strips, a rake with teeth mounted on two endless chains mounted on pairs drive and working gears and drive. (RF patent No. 2238374 dated 10/20/2004 in classes E04F 1/00).

This device partially eliminates the disadvantages of the above, that is, the jumpers are made self-cleaning in the form of a "fish" in the transverse direction and on the sides are equipped with two-stage reflectors of the wastewater stream.

The disadvantage of this device is the presence of a jumper, inherent to it with the above disadvantages, including the formation of rolls, “carpet paths” and “beards” on the canvas and flushing accumulated on

the spread of fibrous contaminants into already purified water, which generally reduces the efficiency and reliability of the device.

The technical task is to increase the efficiency and reliability of the device.

The specified technical problem is achieved in that in a device for mechanical wastewater treatment, containing a frame with a grill with a filtered web installed in its cross members, in the form of a set of thin strips, a rake with teeth mounted on two endless chains mounted on pairs of drive and working gears wheels and a drive, and thin strips of the filter cloth are fixed at one end in the lower cross member of the frame, and the other end, equipped with end tier spikes, are placed in sockets made in the upper cross not all peaks teeth rake tines are located in the plane of motion and the working surface of the filter cloth formed at an angle to said plane with a slope towards the upper cross member.

In addition, the nests are formed by tiered protrusions made on the upper cross member and located perpendicular to the spikes of the strips and at an angle to their ends and grooves of inserts mounted on the tiered protrusions.

The strips have a thickness of 1.0 ... 3.0 mm. The width is 80 ... 200 mm and the length is 1000 ... 3000 mm.

Using the proposed device allows for reliable and efficient operation when treating wastewater or sludge with the presence of textile waste in them due to the fact that thin strips of filter cloth are fixed at one end in the lower cross member of the frame, and the other end equipped with end tier spikes is placed in the nests made in the upper cross-member, which allows to completely exclude jumpers from the filter cloth and to ensure self-cleaning of the bands due to their oscillation. This eliminates clogging of the canvas and operating costs associated with its forced cleaning.

The location of the tooth peaks of all rakes in the plane of their movement and the installation of the working surface of the filter cloth at an angle to the specified plane with a slope in the direction of the upper cross member eliminates jamming of fibrous inclusions between the blade and the bottom of the tooth cavities due to an increase in the distance between them during the rake working movement, which also increases reliability and efficiency of the device.

In addition, the design of the nests formed by tiered protrusions made on the upper cross member and located perpendicular to the spikes of the strips and at an angle to their ends and grooves

the inserts mounted on the tiered protrusions allows for reliable fixation of the strips in the upper cross member of the frame.

The execution of strips with a thickness of 1.0 ... 3.0 mm, a width of 80 ... 200 mm and a length of 1000 ... 3000 mm allows for the oscillation of the strips.

The design of the proposed device allows you to create on its basis a typical range of devices for the mechanical treatment of wastewater and sludge with openings between the bands of the filter cloth of at least 2 mm for supply channels and trays with a width of 500 ... 3000 mm.

The above shows that the combination of the claimed features ensures the achievement of the goal, namely, it allows to increase the efficiency and reliability of the device.

Figure 1 presents a General view of the device; figure 2 - view A (rotated) in figure 1; figure 3 is a view of B in figure 2; figure 4 - section bb in figure 2; figure 5 is a cross section GG in figure 4; figure 6 is a cross section DD in figure 4; Fig.7 is a cross-section EE in Fig.4.

A device for mechanical wastewater treatment comprises a housing 1 (Fig. 1), a frame 2 (Fig. 2) with a grill 3, a rake 4 with teeth 5 (Fig. 7) and a drive 6 (Fig. 2).

The drive 6 contains a drive shaft 7, gears-drives 8 and working 9 and endless chains 10. The wheels 8 are mounted on the drive shaft 7, and the wheels 9 are mounted on the bearings 11. The endless chains 10 are mounted on the pairs of driving 8 and working 9 gears.

Each rake 4 is made by a team having a beam 12 (Fig. 4) and a comb 13 with teeth 5. The comb 13 is mounted on the beam 12. The device is equipped with several rake mounted on endless chains 10. Vertices 14 (Fig. 7) of teeth 5 of all rake located in the plane 15 (figure 4) of the rake movement.

The frame 2 has a cross member — lower 16 and upper 17, on which tiered protrusions 18 are made at an angle “α” to it. The angle "α" is from 5 to 30 degrees.

The cross members 16 and 17 are equipped with support inserts 19 and 20 with grooves 21 (Fig. 5). The inserts 19 are freely mounted on the lower cross member, and the inserts 20 on the tiered protrusions 18. A grid 3 with a filter web 22 is installed in the cross members 16 and 17 of the frame (FIG. 4). The filter cloth 22 is made in the form of a set of flexible thin strips 23, which have a rectangular cross-sectional shape and rigidity equal to the value expressed by the dependence:

J≤C≤EJ / 1-μ ² ,

Where: C - the stiffness of the bands in bending;

J is the axial moment of inertia of the cross section of the strips;

E is the elastic modulus of the strip material;

μ is the Poisson's ratio.

Strips 23 have a thickness equal to 1.0 ... 3.0 mm, a width of 80 ... 200 mm and a length of 1000 ... 3000 mm to ensure the specified stiffness, the possibility of oscillation.

The material of the strips is steel or high strength polymer.

The lower end 24 of each strip 23 is provided with an opening 25, is installed in the grooves 21 of the inserts 19, and is fastened to the lower crosspiece 16 by means of a tie 26 located in the hole 25.

The upper end 27 of each strip 23 is equipped with end tier spikes 28 located at an angle "α" to its end 29.

The working surface 30 of the filtered web is formed by the ribs 31 (FIG. 7) of the strips and is set at an angle “β” (FIG. 4) to the plane 15 of the rake 4 movement with a slope in the direction of the upper cross member 17. The angle “β” is from 0.5 to 3.0 degrees. On the working surface 30 is placed from 1 to 5 rake depending on the size of the strips. The tier protrusions 18 of the upper cross member 17 are located perpendicular to the spikes 28 of the strips and at an angle “α” to their ends 29. Nests 32 (Fig. 6), which are formed by the tier protrusions 18 and the grooves 21 of the inserts 20, are located in the upper cross member 17. strips 23 are placed in nests 32. The material of the support inserts 19 and 20, the combs 13 is a high-strength polymer.

The device operates as follows.

The drive 6 through the drive shaft 7 with gears 8 and 9 drives the endless chains 10 with tines 4.

The rake 4 with combs 13, moving, move from the blank area to the working area, where the teeth 5 of the combs 13 are in the openings 33 (Fig.7) between the bands 23 of the filter cloth 22.

Next, the teeth 5 of the combs 13 clean the spaces 33 between the strips 23, at the same time limiting their oscillation, and the combs 13 of the rake 4 remove debris from the working surface 30 to the skid (Fig. 4) and then transport it to the discharge zone. In the discharge zone, the garbage dumping device (not shown) is disposed of in the container 35 (Fig. 1) or conveyor 36. Next, the rake 4 is again moved to the empty area. After that, the work cycle is repeated.

Advantages of the new system:

- The gap that appears between the rake and the grill in previous systems leads to a deterioration in its cleaning ability.

- Deep penetration into the grill, and the presence of a gap between the grill, consisting of strips and rake teeth, allows the grill strip to oscillate freely under the influence of water flow, leading to additional cleaning of the grill strips.

- There are no high requirements for the flatness of the lattice, which in the case of the prototype and analogues is very high - 0.2 mm / m.

- The transverse partitions in the analogues, providing lattice rigidity, lead to the formation of a “braid” worsening the cleaning ability of the filter. If the “braids” break, they can lead to damage to the filtering and pumping equipment installed later. The role of the transverse partitions determining the distance between the filter strips is provided by the rake themselves, of which there are at least three pieces along the length of the strip during operation.

- It was experimentally established that the ingress of foreign rags into the gap between the rake and the strips of the device does not lead to jamming or an increase in the gap between them, but only improves the cleaning of the strips from dirt. The throughput of the filter increases by about 3 times. After an emergency stop for 1 hour, self-cleaning takes 15 minutes, while the analogs require manual cleaning for at least 8 hours.

- There is no jamming, since there is a shift in the direction of reducing the overlap of the rake and the lattice.

Below are the test results of experimental lattices and old-type lattices.

The results of a comparative determination of the throughput of the lattice NKSA.

On August 3, 2004, the ITC and KSA conducted a comparative determination of the throughput of the experimental lattices and old-type lattices installed on the NKSA-2.

The throughput of the gratings was evaluated by the average flow rate of wastewater in the area of the sandor. Speed was measured by a Sigma speedometer. The sensor of the device was mounted on a rod, which was fixed on the frame in the opening for the sandor. The speed was determined at a depth of 70 cm at three points: in the center and a quarter of the distance from the flow edge to the right and left (60 cm from the edge). Measurements were carried out in a period of time from 13 to 14 hours, when the flow rate of wastewater corresponds to the daily maximum and is stable. The measurements were carried out in duplicate with averaging speed over a period of 20 seconds. The measurement results are presented in table 1.

Table 1.
The results of measuring the flow rate and calculating the flow rate of wastewater on the experimental gratings (11 and 12) and old grates (13 and 14). Grille No. Speed m / s Consumption m3 / hour To the right of the center In the center To the left of the center Average value eleven 1,036 1,122 0.96 1,049 11830 1,074 1.13 0.97 12 1,037 1,149 1,192 1,131 12750 1,025 1,141 1,242 13 0.291 0.408 0.289 0.288 3250 0.324 0.395 0,021 fourteen 0.449 0.367 0.290 0.362 4080 0.410 0.35 0.310

As can be seen from the table, the flow rate through the gratings 11 and 12 during the measurement period was 3-4 times higher than through the old type gratings (13 and 14).

To determine the throughput of the gratings (equal to the product of the average flow velocity by its cross section), we calculated the cross-sectional area of the flow along its width (1.8 m) and the difference between the height of the channel (3.09 m) and the distance from the level of the concrete covering of the channel to the water surface . Since the latter turned out to be almost the same for the channels of all four gratings (1.35 m), the flow cross section in the channels was also the same and amounted to 3.13 m ² . As can be seen from the results of the calculation of the wastewater flow rate (table 1), during the measurement period, the flow rate of incoming wastewater on new gratings was 3-4 times higher than that on the old grates.

During the measurement period, the total flow rate of incoming wastewater to KKSA-2 was 54,000 m ³ / h, and on average to the grate - 6750 m ³ / h. Thus, the water consumption on the experimental gratings was 2 times higher than the average level, while on the old gratings it was only half of it.

Claims (3)

1. A device for mechanical wastewater treatment, comprising a frame with a grill installed in its cross members with a filtered web in the form of a set of thin strips, a rake with teeth mounted on two endless chains mounted on pairs of drive and working gears and a drive, characterized in that thin strips of the filter cloth are fixed at one end in the lower cross member of the frame, and the other end, equipped with end tier spikes, are placed in the nests made in the upper cross member, the tooth tips of all rake rasp laid in the plane of movement of the rake, and the working surface of the filter cloth is made at an angle to the specified plane with a slope in the direction of the upper cross member. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the nests are formed by tiered protrusions made on the upper cross member and located perpendicular to the spikes of the strips and at an angle to their ends, and grooves of inserts mounted on the tiered protrusions. 3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the strips have a thickness equal to 1.0 ... 3.0 mm, a width of 80 ... 200 mm and a length of 1000 ... 3000 mm.