RU70981U1 - LIAZ-5256 / LIAZ-6212 BUS DRIVING SIMULATOR - Google Patents

Abstract

The simulator is designed to teach the basic skills of driving the LiAZ-5256 / LiAZ-6212 bus and to improve driving techniques in the conditions of a simulated urban road situation with many participants in the movement, without the consumption of fuel and lubricants and motor vehicle resources in a classroom setting. The simulator is a training software and hardware complex, consisting of an instructor module and a driver module. The simulator is characterized by the use of regular controls and instrumentation at the learner's workplace, the presence of a computer speaker system consisting of high and low frequency speakers to reproduce the sound environment and instructor commands, using microphones with hardware-based digitization of the signal, and a wide-screen visualization system. The visualization system includes: 3 NEC WT-610 projectors with a resolution of 1280 × 1024 pixels (for forming a front view and for left and right side view); light-transmitting screens that enhance the brightness of the image and are installed instead of the glass of the car cabin; a system for determining the position of the driver’s head to form an indented image, taking into account the movement of the driver’s observation point. When the driver’s position changes (tilts left-right, back-and-forth), the displayed situation changes in the front and side viewing systems and in simulated, programmable rear-view mirrors, like in a real car. At the instructor's workplace, the driver’s field of view and the field of view from the external moving camera to the driving area are displayed. The simulator uses an industrial CAN data bus (Control Area Network), which provides connection of device simulators for driver’s cab equipment for input / output and data collection (ISO 11898 standard), and a computer local area network for digital transmission of instructor and driver conversations. The cab is located on a three-degree (six-degree) electromechanical dynamic platform that simulates the movement of the bus. The instructor module includes software and hardware for locking the dynamic platform. Several simulators can be combined into a local computer network for joint processing of training tasks. The simulator provides the ability to control several simulators from one instructor module.

Description

Abbreviations

TV - driving simulator;

Methodology - the methodology for conducting qualification exams for obtaining the right to drive vehicles;

TTX - performance characteristics;

Instrumentation - instrumentation;

The technical field to which the utility model relates.

The simulator is designed to teach the basic skills of driving a bus and to improve driving techniques in the conditions of a simulated urban road situation with many participants in the movement, without the consumption of fuel and lubricants and motor vehicle resources in a classroom setting.

State of the art

An analogue of the utility model, the LiAZ-5256 / LiAZ-6212 bus driving simulator, is the SimBus simulator manufactured by STC Simulator Training Oy (Finland) [1) Council Directive and European Parliament 2003/59 / EC of July 15, 2003 on initial qualification and periodically training drivers of certain vehicles transporting goods and passengers, amending Council Regulation (EEC) No 3820/85, Council Directive 91/439 / EEC and repealing Council Directive 76/914 / EEC (OJ 2003 L 226/4); 2) www.simulatortraining.fi]. SimBus is a driving simulator designed on the basis of a real bus cabin (Volvo, Van Hool, etc.) with a choice of a mechanical or automatic transmission. The simulator has a length of 5 m, a width of 2.5 m and a height of 3.1 m. The weight of the simulator, including a dynamic platform, is about 4000 kg. The simulator simulates the situation and movement of a two-axle bus measuring 10 × 15 m (articulated bus 18 m long). To place the simulator, you need a room with an area of at least 100 m ² with a minimum height of 5 m. The simulator complies with EU safety regulations for cars and devices.

Essential features of the SimBus simulator.

1. SimBus simulator, characterized by:

- using a real cabin of a simulated bus (driver's seat, 6 passenger seats + rear seat (4 seats));

- imitation of all necessary control devices for driving a real bus;

- the presence of a moving platform, consisting of a pneumatic system (air compressor with an efficiency of 2000 liters per minute and pneumatic cylinders with a moving amplitude of up to 30 cm) and a supporting frame;

- the use of 4 large screens (1.5 × 2 m) for projecting images of a changing landscape on them using projectors with a resolution of 1024 × 768 pixels;

- the use of low-frequency speakers with four audio channels of output power for reproducing sounds recorded from a real car;

- using a video camera and microphone at the instructor's workplace to communicate with the student (the instructor controls the learning process with the same fields of view as the student driver).

The SimBus driver simulator was recognized as the best simulator in its class and recommended in regulation 2003/59 / EU by the Ministry of Transport and Railways of Finland, as well as the Finnish AKE vehicle control administration.

The disadvantages of this simulator are:

- the absence of a corresponding change in the cockpit situation when changing the position of the driver's observation point;

- the lack of display of the field of view from a simulated external moving camera to the driving area at the instructor's workplace for full control over the actions of the trainees;

- significant restrictions on placement in standard classrooms due to the large dimensions of the simulator and screens for projecting terrain images on them, as well as the need for the distance between the cabin and fixed screens;

- the need to use screens with a diagonal of at least 2.5 m to display the landscape at any position of the dynamic platform (with real

observed only part of the screen by the driver - no more than 1/2), which at a resolution of 1024 × 768 pixels leads to blurring and low image detail in the observed part of the screen;

- the use of fixed screens located separately from the driver's cab, which does not allow, even in combination with a dynamic platform, to completely simulate real movement, because there is always an unavoidable “safe zone” between the screens and the cabin;

- the controls and instrumentation in terms of composition, location and dynamic forces do not basically correspond to the LiAZ-5256 / LiAZ-6212 cockpit.

Utility Model Disclosure

The bus driving simulator LiAZ-5256 / LiAZ-6212 is a training software and hardware complex, consisting of an instructor module and a driver module. The technical result of the utility model is to achieve the most accurate simulation of the bus controls, the logic of the operation of all systems and units and to create the presence effect that arises during the training process as a result of a complex effect on the trained artificial factors that ensure the training conditions are as close as possible to the driver’s working conditions in real the bus.

The driver module (image No. 3) consists of a three-degree (six-degree) dynamic platform (image No. 4) and the driver's workplace (image No. 5). The main parameters of the driver module:

- The maximum overall dimensions of the product do not exceed, mm: 3000 × 2500 × 3210.

- The mass of the product does not exceed 1600 kg.

The instructor module (image No. 2) is designed to control the learning process and combines devices that enable the simulator to be turned on, to check its operability, and to monitor and evaluate the actions of students. The main parameters of the instructor module:

- The maximum overall dimensions of the product do not exceed, mm: 2700 × 1400 × 1600.

- The mass of the product does not exceed 150 kg.

General characteristics of the simulator.

1. The maximum power consumption of the simulator is not more than 5 kW.

2. Reliability

- The simulator provides a continuous operation time of at least 6 hours with a subsequent break of 1 hour.

- The simulator provides an average time between failures of at least 150 hours.

- The simulator provides a time of readiness for work no more than 10 minutes.

- The simulator functions normally when the supply voltage changes from minus 15% to plus 10%.

3. Providing electronic protection

- The simulator during operation does not interfere with other electronic devices.

4. Constructiveness

- The design of the product ensures compliance with the appearance, location of the seat, instrumentation panels, communications, other nodes and controls at the learner's workplace, as well as the efforts on the controls and the values of their movement, to the design documentation for the simulated bus with an error of no more than 10%.

- Computer systems are powered by uninterruptible power supplies.

5. Resistance to external influences and survivability

- The simulator maintains operability in conditions of ambient temperature from +10 to +40 degrees. C and relative humidity 80% at 25 degrees. FROM.

- The simulator remains operational after exposure to elevated +50 degrees. With and lowered minus 40 degrees. From the temperature to the simulator in the packaging of the manufacturer.

- The simulator remains operational after transportation by car in a standard container over medium-terrain to a distance of at least 300 km.

- The functioning of the simulator is not disturbed by short-term removal of the supply voltage.

The list of essential features of a utility model.

1. The train driving simulator LiAZ-5256 / LiAZ-6212 characterized by:

- the use of a real bus cabin with controls and instrumentation at the workplace of the student;

- the presence of a widescreen visualization system, using light-transmitting screens and 4 projects NEC WT-610 with a resolution of 1280 × 1024 pixels for each visualization channel;

- the presence of a three-degree (six-degree) electromechanical dynamic platform of the driver module, which:

- requires a single-phase power supply network;

- has a power consumption of 2-4 kW;

- suitable for installation in standard classrooms;

- the presence of a computer speaker system consisting of high and low frequency speakers for reproducing the sound environment and instructor commands;

- the use of microphones with hardware digitization of the signal;

- the presence of software and hardware for blocking the dynamic platform in the instructor module;

different from SimBus simulator:

- image formation directly on the windshield and side windows of the cabin;

- the presence of a driver head position sensor;

- using an industrial CAN data bus (Control Area Network), which provides connection of device simulators for driver’s cab equipment for input / output and data collection (ISO 11898 standard);

- the ability to programmatically configure rear-view mirrors;

- software and hardware (depending on configuration) duplication of the driver’s fields of vision at the instructor’s workplace;

- displaying the field of view from a simulated external camera to the driving area at the instructor's workplace;

- using a computer local area network for digital transmission of instructor and driver conversations;

- scalability, as the possibility of forming complex, interacting training complexes from several simulators (up to 10 pcs.) without changing their internal structure with one instructor module;

- the possibility of combining various simulators with a unified interface into a local computer network;

- compactness (the minimum area of the room for placement of the exercise machine - 15 m ² ).

Brief Description of the Drawings

Figure number 1. Bus driving simulator LiAZ-5256 / LiAZ-6212 (TV-5256 / TV-6212). Installation drawing (IKBN.161464.044MCH).

1 - Instructor module;

2 - Driver module;

3 - Hardware cabinet;

4 - Remote lock platform;

6 - Power cabinet;

8 - Connection harness;

11 - Grounding cable;

12 - power cable;

13 - power cable;

19 - Nameplate;

25 - Monitor cable M-M 4.5 m TNT C18-HD15MM-15;

26 - Monitor cable M-F 7.5 m TNT C18-HD15MF-25;

27 - SCUAB-5 cable (USB cable 'p' - 'p', type AB, 5 m);

28 - SOUNDKING BB304 15FT Cord Jack Art. - 2xRCA 4.5 m;

32 - Coupler HV-200;

34 - Compressor;

Figure number 2. Three-stage dynamic platform of the driver module of the driver of the simulator of driving a bus LiAZ-5256 / LiAZ-6212 (TV-5256 / TV-6212) (general view).

1 - Compensation spring;

2 - Cardan support;

3 - Movable frame;

4 - Spaced apart electric motors (3 pcs.);

5 - gimbal;

6 - Stock;

7 - Without eccentric crank mechanisms (3 pcs.);

8 - Grounds;

9 - Remote legs;

10 - Electronic cabinet;

Materials explaining the essence of the utility model

1. image No. 1. Bus driving simulator LiAZ-5256 / LiAZ-6212 (TV-5256 / TV-6212) (general view).

2. Image No. 2. The instructor module of the LiAZ-5256 / LiAZ-6212 bus driving simulator (general view).

3. Image No. 3. The driver module of the LiAZ-5256 / LiAZ-6212 bus driving simulator (general view).

4. Image No. 4. Three-stage dynamic platform of the driver module of the driver of the simulator of driving the bus LiAZ-5256 / LiAZ-6212 (general view).

5. Image No. 5. Equipment for the driver’s cab of the LiAZ-5256 / LiAZ-6212 bus driving simulator (general view).

The image No. 1 shows a general view of the simulator of the bus LiAZ-5256 / LiAZ-6212, consisting of:

1) instructor module;

2) driver module.

The image No. 2 shows a general view of the instructor module of the LiAZ-5256 / LiAZ-6212 bus trainer simulator consisting of:

1) microphone;

2) the mouse manipulator;

3) control monitor;

4) keyboard;

5) control monitor;

6) dynamic platform lock button;

7) speaker system;

8) hardware cabinet;

9) printer;

10) microphone.

The image No. 3 shows a general view of the driver module of the simulator of the bus LiAZ-5256 / LiAZ-6212 consisting of:

1) driver's cab;

2) NEC WT-610 projectors with a resolution of 1280 × 1024 pixels;

3) three power dynamic platform.

The image No. 4 shows a general view of the dynamic platform of the driver module of the driver of the LiAZ-5256 / LiAZ-6212 bus driving simulator.

The image No. 5 shows a general view of the equipment of the driver’s cab of the LiAZ-5256 / LiAZ-6212 bus driving simulator:

1) microphone;

2) a steering wheel;

3) the central dashboard;

4) the right dashboard;

5) pedal of fuel supply control;

6) brake pedal;

7) the lever of the combined light switch;

8) a lock for switching on devices and a starter;

9) the driver's seat;

10) the switch lever of the direction indicator and sound signal;

11) the handle of the parking brake;

12) panel of key switches;

13) windshield washer button;

14) a control lamp of operation of a liquid heater and a circulation pump;

15) the button of the switch of the liquid heater and the circulation pump;

16) emergency release valve button;

17) a control lamp of the operation of the liquid heater and the circulation pump;

18) key of the autonomous circuit pump circuit breaker.

Utility Model Implementation

The technical result consists in achieving the most accurate simulation of bus controls, the logic of all systems and assemblies, and in creating an effect

presence arising in the learning process as a result of a complex effect on the trained artificial factors that ensure the closest possible learning conditions to the working conditions of the driver in a real bus. The presence effect is provided by the synchronized action of the following types of information:

- visual - the situation at the driver’s workplace, instrument readings, light indication, image formation of the road situation on the windshield and in the rear-view mirror, the frame rate for visualization of at least television (25 frames per second);

- acoustic - the spectrum and noise level of operating units and mechanisms of the bus in various modes (to provide voice communication between the driver and the instructor, an acoustic system with a microphone at the driver’s workplace and a headset with a microphone at the instructor’s workplace is used);

- dynamic - by reproducing the forces and quantities of movement of the controls similar to the real ones, by the effect of overloads during fluctuations in the learner's workplace (platform control allows simulating acceleration and braking accelerations).

All types of information are interconnected and change depending on the situation and actions of the trainees.

The most accurate imitation of the control elements of the LiAZ-5256 / LiAZ-6212 bus is achieved by the design of the module, which ensures that the appearance, location of the seats, instrumentation panels, communications, other nodes and controls at the learner's workplace, as well as the effort on the controls and their values moving data of design documentation on a simulated bus with an error of not more than 10%.

Simulators of controls and instrumentation at the driver’s workplace are equipped with special sensors. The trainee, being at the workplace and completing the tasks, affects the governing bodies. Relevant information in the form of a digital signal enters the computer. The computer generates the necessary control signals. Under the influence of control signals, external visual information, instrument readings, and light information change, the noise of the operation of the units of the LiAZ-5256 / LiAZ-6212 bus appears and changes. The computer synthesizes the external visual environment, captures the student’s incorrect actions and provides the necessary information about the terrain profile and simulated obstacles. System

determining the position of the driver’s head forms a cage image on each screen taking into account the position of the driver’s observation point. When changing the driver's position (tilting left-right, back-and-forth), the displayed situation changes in the front view system and in the simulated rear-view mirror, like in a real bus. The system for monitoring and evaluating the student’s actions fixes errors in preparing and starting the engine, driving quality in difficult conditions, compliance with traffic rules, collision with other traffic participants and obstacles. According to the results obtained, at the end of the exercise, grades are automatically set in accordance with the Methodology, which can be printed on a printer for reporting. In the training mode, the learner's actions are reflected on the control monitor screen and the instructor, if necessary, can adjust their actions on the intercom.

Various simulator options can be combined into a local computer network for joint processing of training tasks. One instructor module can provide control of several simulators.

Claims (1)

Bus driving simulator LiAZ-5256 / LiAZ-6212, characterized by the use of standard controls and instrumentation at the student’s workplace, the presence of a wide-screen visualization system using NEC WT-610 light-transmitting screens and projectors with a resolution of 1280 × 1024 pixels, the presence of an electromechanical dynamic platform for the driver module, the presence of a computer acoustic system consisting of high and low frequency speakers for reproducing the sound environment and instructor commands, using microphones with a hardware digital signal selection, the presence of software and hardware for blocking the dynamic platform in the instructor module; characterized by image formation directly on the windshield and side windows of the cab, the presence of a driver’s head position sensor, the use of an industrial CAN data bus (Control Area Network), which allows connecting simulators of driver’s cab equipment for input / output and data collection (ISO 11898 standard), software settings for rear-view mirrors, software and hardware (depending on configuration) duplication of the driver’s visual fields at the instructor’s workplace, displaying the visual field with simulated an external camera to the driving area at the instructor's workplace, using a computer local area network for digital transmission of instructor and driver conversations, scalability as the ability to form complex, interacting training complexes from several simulators (up to 10 pcs.) without changing their internal structure with one instructor module and the possibility of combining various simulators with a unified interface into a local computer network.