RU69282U1 - MICROPROCESSOR VOLTAGE CONTROL SYSTEM - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to computer technology and relay protection technology and is intended for controlling electric drives of transformer voltage control devices under load, with automatic and manual control of transformer voltage, by changing the transformation ratios of transformers. The purpose of the invention is the expansion of the functional and hardware capabilities of the microprocessor system by introducing the functions of controlling the electric drives of the voltage control devices of the transformer under load and automatic and manual voltage control of the transformer by changing the transformation ratios of the transformers. The microprocessor voltage control system contains two processing devices and a control unit. The proposed microprocessor system can be used as a multifunctional software and hardware complex for solving relay protection problems and controlling electric drives of transformer voltage regulation devices under load.

Description

The utility model relates to computer technology and relay protection technology and is intended for controlling electric drives of transformer voltage control devices under load, with automatic and manual control of transformer voltage, by changing the transformation ratios of transformers.

Known multiprocessor computing system [A.S. G06F 15/16 No. 1820391 B.I. No. 21, 1993] containing N-processing devices, M-input-output devices and a storage device, the processing device comprising a computing unit, first and second shutdown units, a pulse shaper, a control trigger and an AND element used to solve various control problems, but it has limited functional and hardware capabilities for controlling electric drives of transformer voltage regulation devices under load.

Multiprocessor computing system [A.S. G06F 15/16 No. 1805477 B.I. No. 12 1993] containing N processing devices and N communication nodes, each processing device comprising a processing unit and two interface nodes with a trunk, each communication node containing nine AND elements, four OR elements, and the trigger has ample reconfiguration to solve various tasks, but also has limited functional and hardware capabilities for controlling electric drives of transformer voltage control devices under load.

The closest technical solution is a multi-microprocessor relay protection and automation system with the display of information on a common display [Patent RU G06F 15/16 No. 49304 B.I. No. 31 2005] containing N processing devices, a device for interfacing with an object, a recorder of emergency processes and events, a functional controller with a display and a processor, each processing device containing a processing unit and two interface nodes with a trunk. The prototype has wide functionality for controlling various information processing processes, but it has limited functional and hardware capabilities for controlling electric drives of transformer voltage regulation devices under load.

The purpose of the invention is the expansion of the functional and hardware capabilities of the system by introducing the functions of controlling the electric drives of the voltage regulating transformer under load.

This goal is achieved by the fact that in a known system containing two processing devices, each processing device comprising a processing unit and two interface nodes with a trunk, the information inputs and outputs of the second group of each of the processing devices being the first group of inputs and outputs of the system, the second group of inputs -outputs of which is a group of inputs and outputs of each of the processing units, the first group of inputs of which is the first group of system inputs, a control unit is introduced, moreover, the control unit, It contains two switches, six switches, two diodes, a lamp and two sets of resistors, the information inputs and outputs of the first group of each processing device being the third group of system inputs and outputs, the second and third group of inputs of which are the first and second group of inputs of the control unit, the first and second group of outputs of which is the second group of inputs of the first and second processing unit, respectively.

Figure 1 shows a connection diagram of a microprocessor system with a network and control devices under load.

Figure 2 is an example implementation of a processing device.

Figure 3 is an example implementation of blocks of galvanic isolation and preliminary scaling of the input signals in the form of current and voltage.

The diagram shows examples of the implementation of one of the galvanic isolation and preliminary scaling of the input signals in the form of current and voltage from the total number of galvanic isolation and preliminary scaling of the input signals, determined by the number of input analog current and voltage signals.

Figure 4 is an example implementation of a fragment of a control node circuit.

Figure 1 marked:

1, 4 - network with connections;

2, 6 - switches;

3 - processing device;

5 - processing unit;

7 - node interface with the highway (RS-232 interface);

8 - node interface with the highway (RS-485 interface);

9 - control unit;

10 - electric control device under load;

11 - a group of current signals;

12 ₁ - group of voltage signals of the first control device under load;

12 ₂ - group of voltage signals of the second control device under load;

13 - (RS-232 interface);

14 ₁ , 14 ₂ - input-output groups of processing units, for communication with external devices, i.e. inputs - outputs of the analog input-output device (UABB) and inputs / outputs of the discrete input-output device (UDVV);

15 - (RS-485 interface);

16 is a group of signals from branches of the windings of the first transformer of the first voltage regulator;

17 - a group of signals from branches of the windings of the second transformer of the first voltage regulator;

18 is a group of signals from branches of the windings of the first transformer of the second voltage regulator;

19 is a group of signals from branches of the windings of the second transformer of the second voltage regulator;

PT - primary current transformers;

T1 ... T4 - voltage regulator transformers;

U1, U2 - control devices under load.

Figure 2 marked:

20 - block galvanic isolation and preliminary scaling of signals in the form of current;

21 - driver of control and diagnostic signals;

22 - block galvanic isolation and preliminary scaling of signals in the form of voltage;

23 - block frequency filters;

24 - analog-to-digital Converter processing unit;

25 - microprocessor control system for output relays and alarm in accordance with the protection algorithms of the processing unit.

Figure 3 marked:

26 - operational amplifier of the measuring current transducer of the galvanic isolation unit and scaling of the input signals in the form of current;

27 - operational amplifier of the measuring voltage converter of the galvanic isolation unit and preliminary

scaling input signals in the form of voltage.

As operational amplifiers, you can use a chip such as QP177GP or similar;

R, R1 - resistors of type C2-33 or similar;

T - current or voltage transformers of the type TT-1T ... TT-5T, TN-1T or similar;

D - diodes of the type 2D510A or similar;

V1 - transistor type BD135 or similar;

V2 - transistor type BD136 or similar.

In figure 4 are indicated:

S1, S2 - automatic circuit breakers of the LEXIC type of Legrand company or similar;

P1, P2 - switches type 4G10-202 of the company "APATOR" or similar;

P3, P4 - switches type 4G10-69 of the company "APATOR" or similar;

P5, P6 - switches type 4G10-1169 of the company "APATOR" or similar;

R - sets of resistors type 214 of the company "Vitrohm" or similar;

D - diodes of the type RL-207 of the company "DC Components CO, LTD" or similar;

L - SCR lamp of the company "CJSC" PROTON-IMPULSE "or similar;

U is the supply voltage.

Control devices under load U1 and U2 are designed for rapid voltage change without interruption of the consumer’s supply, in particular, they provide counter regulation in power systems and the most universal mode control in industrial installations.

Schemes and a description of the operation of control devices under load are given in ["Power transformers". Reference book / ed. S.D. Lizunova, A.K. Lohanina. M .: Energoizdat, 2004. Pages 57-73, Fig. 3.3, 3.5, 3.7].

The processing unit 5 and the galvanic isolation and pre-scaling unit of the signals in the form of current 20, the galvanic isolation and preliminary scaling unit of the signals in the form of voltage 22, the frequency filter unit 23, the diagnostic signal generator 21 and the analog-to-digital converter 24 can be implemented in in accordance with the patent of the Russian Federation for the invention

7 Н02Н 7/26 No. 2173924 dated 03.02.2000, Bull. No. 26 (figure 1), or [NN Chernobrovov, V. A. Semenov "Relay protection of energy systems" 1998, p. 778. fig. 22.4]. The RS-232 and RS-485 channel drivers are located in the microprocessor system and are not shown in the diagram (see page 78). Detailed information on the operation of the processing unit and the microprocessor system is given in the patent and the cited literature on pages 778-783.

All of the above schemes are given to describe the operation of the system.

The figures do not show the operational power supply circuits of the system, the test units through which phase currents and voltages from current and voltage transformers enter, as well as many hardware components that do not affect the operation of the microprocessor system.

The microprocessor-based voltage regulation system contains two processing devices 3 and a control unit 9, each processing device 3 contains a processing unit 5 and interface units with a highway 7 and 8, the control unit 9 contains two switches S1 and S2, six switches P1 ... P6, two diode D, lamp L and two sets of resistors R, information inputs-outputs 13, the second group of each processing device 3, are the first group of inputs and outputs of the system, the second group of inputs and outputs 14 of which is the group of inputs and outputs of the processing units 5, the first 11 group of inputs of which is the first group of system inputs, information inputs and outputs 15, of the first group of each processing device 3, are the third group of system inputs and outputs, the second 16, 17 and third 18, 19 group of inputs of which is the first and second group of node inputs control 9, the first 12 ₁ and second 12 ₂ group of outputs of which is the second group of inputs of the first and second processing unit 5, respectively.

Processing devices 3 (figure 2) in a microprocessor system implement the following functions:

- control of electric drives of transformer voltage regulation devices under load;

- automatic and manual regulation of the voltage of the transformer by changing the transformation ratios of the transformers;

- formation of signals for protection of the minimum voltage;

- formation of protection signals from single-phase earth faults;

- formation of signals for automatic inclusion of a reserve;

- alarm voltage circuit malfunction;

- operational control of circuits;

- registration of events;

- display of the parameters of the current mode and work as follows:

signals from primary current transformers PT and voltage from transformers T1 ... T4 (through switches P1 and P2) are fed through resistors R to intermediate transformers T of galvanic isolation units and preliminary scaling of input signals in the form of current and voltage 20 and 22 (Fig. 3 )

Intermediate transformers T provide galvanic isolation and preliminary scaling of the input signals. The primary windings of transformers provide the specified thermal stability during overloads. Precision amplifiers implemented on microcircuits 26 and 27, diodes D, resistors R, transistors V1 and V2 are used to accurately scale signals and match the impedances of intermediate transformers and an analog-to-digital converter. From the outputs of precision amplifiers, the signals are fed to the inputs of the analog filters of the frequency filter unit 23. The low-pass filters transmit current and voltage components of a certain frequency and do not pass high-frequency harmonics, which are interferences that distort the sinusoid of the current and voltage. Next, the analog signals are fed to an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) 24 to change the waveform to discrete (digital), because subsequent signal processing will be performed by digital microcircuits. The input filtered signals are fed to a multiplexer 26 (Fig. 5 of patent No. 2173924), which makes a serial connection of the ADC input 27 (Fig. 5 of patent No. 2173924) to one of the channels of the frequency filter block 23. All microprocessor device 20 controls the operation of the analog-to-digital converter 20. 28 (figure 5 of patent No. 2173924), which provides digital filtering of input signals, calculation of secondary electrical parameters of the network, performing self-diagnosis procedures, generating control signals for monitoring and diagnostics, boiling at generator control signals and diagnostics 21, and supports communication with the microprocessor output relays and alarm management system according to protection algorithms 25 through buffer registers 29 (Figure 5 of the patent №2173924). Thus, the microprocessor control system of the output relays and

the alarm in accordance with protection algorithms 25 receives the voltage values of the regulated transformers and the electrical parameters of the network from the analog-to-digital converter 24 and the status of the digital inputs from the air-conditioning system. Based on this information, as well as the values of program keys and settings stored in the EEPROM, control commands for the output relays and alarm are generated in accordance with the protection algorithms, which are sent via channel 14 to the control unit 9. In addition to the protection and automation functions, the microprocessor central processor output relay and alarm control systems in accordance with protection algorithms [N.N. Chernobrovov, V.A.Semenov "Relay protection of energy systems", 1998, p. 78 Fig. 22.4] controls the mini-display, maintenance the keypad of the remote control, and also provides exchange with a personal computer through the interface with the highway 7 and with an automated control system (ACS) through the interface with the highway 8. More detailed information on the operation of the microprocessor-based control system for output relays and signaling in accordance with protection algorithms is given in [N.N. Chernobrovov, V.A.Semenov "Relay protection of energy systems" 1998, pp. 778-783].

Through the circuit breakers S1 and S2, control unit 9, power is supplied to the switches P3 ... P6.

Switches P1 and P2 switch the voltage circuits of transformers T1, T2 and T3, T4, respectively.

Switches P3 and P4 switch the setting programs of the processing units 5.

Switches P5 and P6 determine the control mode of the electric drive 10 (automatic or manual control - “add” and “decrease” signals).

Processing unit 5 receives signals on channels 14 ₁ , 14 ₂ and generates signals for controlling electric drives 10.

The circuit breakers 2 and 6 are turned off by the signals received through channels 14, when the protections are activated.

In the control unit 9, the lamp L with diodes D signals the receipt of the signal "Call" to one of the processing devices 3.

Parallel to the discrete inputs of the processing unit 5, load resistors of the set of shunt resistors R are connected, which ensure reliable switching of the input circuits by the contacts of the intermediate relays and the block keys.

Thus, the microprocessor-based voltage regulation system has advanced functional and hardware capabilities since provides:

- control of electric drives of transformer voltage regulation devices under load;

- formation of protection signals (tripping of switches 2 and 6);

- signaling a malfunction of the voltage circuits (switching on channels 14 ₁ and 14 _{2 of the} malfunction indication on the remote control telemechanics);

- operational control of circuits;

- registration of events, etc.

while maintaining all the functions of the prototype.

Claims (1)

A microprocessor voltage control system comprising two processing devices, each processing device comprising a processing unit and two interface nodes with a trunk, the information inputs and outputs of the second group of each processing device being the first group of inputs and outputs of the system, the second group of inputs and outputs of which is a group of inputs the outputs of each of the processing units, the first group of inputs of which is the first group of inputs of the system, characterized in that a control unit is introduced into it, and The control zel contains two switches, six switches, two diodes, a lamp, and two sets of resistors, the information inputs and outputs of the first group of each processing device being the third group of inputs and outputs of the system, the second and third group of inputs of which are the first and second group of inputs of the node control, the first and second group of outputs of which is the second group of inputs of the first and second processing unit, respectively.