RU59289U1 - MICROPROCESSOR SYSTEM OF RELAY PROTECTION OF HIGH VOLTAGE LINES AND CONTROL OF A LINEAR CIRCUIT BREAKER - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to computing and relay protection technology and is intended for relay protection by a high-voltage power line and control of a linear switch. The purpose of the invention is the expansion of the functional and hardware capabilities of the system by introducing the functions of direct control of a high-voltage linear switch while maintaining the automation functions of the process of collecting information about the state of inputs, connections of the monitoring and control object, automating the collection, registration, analysis and storage of information about emergency processes with the possibility of group configuration and control settings microprocessor relay protection devices, collecting diagnostic information from locks relay protection and automation. The microprocessor system contains two processing devices and a control unit. The proposed microprocessor system can be used as a multifunctional fault-tolerant software and hardware complex for solving problems of controlling relay protection and automation devices.

Description

The utility model relates to computer technology and relay protection technology and is intended to protect 110-220 kV lines and control a linear switch with two trip electromagnets and one switch electromagnet.

Known multiprocessor computing system [A.S. G 06 F 15/16 No. 1820391 B.I. No. 21 1993] containing N - processing devices. M - input / output devices and a storage device, the processing device comprising a computing unit, first and second shutdown units, a pulse shaper, a control trigger and an AND element used to solve various control problems, but has limited functional and hardware capabilities for controlling lines and linear switch.

Multiprocessor computing system [A.S. G 06 F 15/16 No. 1805477 B.I. No. 12 1993] containing N processing devices and N communication nodes, each processing device comprising a processing unit and two interface nodes with a trunk, each communication node containing nine elements and, four elements or a trigger has ample reconfiguration to solve various tasks, but also has limited functional and hardware capabilities for controlling lines and a linear switch.

The closest technical solution is a multi-microprocessor relay protection and automation system with the display of information on a common display [Patent RU G 06 F 15/16 No. 49304 B.I. No. 31 2005] containing N processing devices, a device for interfacing with an object, a recorder of emergency processes and events, and a functional controller with a display and a processor, each processing device containing a processing unit and two nodes for interfacing with a trunk. The prototype has wide functionality for controlling various information processing processes, but has limited functional and hardware capabilities for controlling lines and switches.

The purpose of the invention is the expansion of the functional and hardware capabilities of the system by introducing the functions of line protection and control of the linear switch.

This goal is achieved by the fact that in the known system containing two processing devices, each processing device contains a processing unit and two nodes pairing with the highway, and the information inputs - outputs of the second group of each N-th processing device are the first group of inputs - outputs of the system, the second a group of inputs and outputs of which is a group of inputs and outputs of the Nth processing units, the first and second group of inputs of which are the first and second group of inputs of the system, a control unit is introduced, and the unit The board contains x - diodes, y - switches and switches, n - signaling lamps and m - relays, and the information inputs - outputs of the first group of each N-th processing device are the third group of inputs - outputs of the system, the first and second group of outputs of which is the first and a second group of outputs of the control unit, the first and second group of inputs and outputs of which is a group of inputs and outputs of the first and second processing unit, respectively, the third and fourth group of inputs of the system are the first and second group of inputs lock control.

Figure 1 shows the connection diagram of a microprocessor relay protection system with a linear switch.

Figure 2 is an example implementation of a processing device.

Figure 3 is an example implementation of blocks of galvanic isolation and preliminary scaling of the input signals in the form of current and voltage.

The diagram shows examples of the implementation of one of the galvanic isolation and preliminary scaling of the input signals in the form of current and voltage from the total number of galvanic isolation and preliminary scaling of the input signals, determined by the number of input analog current and voltage signals.

Figure 4 is an example implementation of a fragment of a control unit circuit with control circuits for electromagnets on and off in a cabinet of a linear switch drive.

Figure 1 marked:

1 - cabinet drive circuit breaker type 3AP1-FG-1 or similar;

2 - microprocessor system;

3 - interface node with the trunk (RS-485 interface);

4 - processing unit;

5 - node interface with the highway (RS-232 interface);

6 ₁ , 6 ₂ - processing devices;

7 - control unit;

8 ₁ , 8 ₂ - high voltage line;

9 - a group of current signals from the line;

10 - group of voltage signals from the line;

11 ₁ , 11 ₂ - input-output groups of processing units, for communication with external devices

those. inputs - outputs of the device analog input - output (SAWS) and inputs - outputs of the device discrete input - output (UDVV);

12 - a group of signals from control buttons located in the control panel located in the substation;

13 - a group of signals from a telemechanics system;

14 - a group of output signals to other cabinets (for example, to cabinets for differential protection of central alarm buses);

15 - group of control signals of the linear switch.

Figure 2 marked:

16 - block galvanic isolation and preliminary scaling of signals in the form of current;

17 - block galvanic isolation and preliminary scaling of signals in the form of voltage;

18 - driver of control and diagnostic signals;

19 is a block of frequency filters;

20 - analog-to-digital Converter processing unit;

21 - microprocessor control system of output relays and alarm in accordance with the protection algorithms of the processing unit.

Figure 3 marked:

22 - operational amplifier of the measuring current transducer of the galvanic isolation unit and scaling the input signals in the form of current;

23 - operational amplifier of the measuring voltage converter of the galvanic isolation unit and preliminary scaling of the input signals in the form of voltage. As operational amplifiers, you can use a chip such as QP 177 GP or similar;

R, R 1 - resistors type C 2 - 33 or similar;

Т - current or voltage transformers of the type ТТ-1 Т ... ТТ-5 Т, ТН-1 Т or similar;

D - diodes of type 2 D 510 A or similar;

V 1 - transistor type BD 135 or similar;

V 2 - transistor type BD 136 or similar.

In figure 4 are indicated:

24 is a fragment of the circuit of the first electromagnet circuit breaker;

25 is a fragment of the circuit of the second electromagnet tripping circuit breaker;

26 is a fragment of the circuit of the electromagnet turning on the switch;

m - windings and contacts of the relay type R 15-1014 of the company "Relpol" or similar;

x - diodes type RL - 207 of the company "DC Components CO LTD" or similar;

y - switches type 4 G 10 of the company "APATOR" or similar;

n - type SKL - 11 B lamps or similar;

U is the supply voltage;

S - switches, button switches in the drive cabinet;

A - relay windings in the drive cabinet;

Z - relay contacts in the drive cabinet.

The processing unit 6 and the galvanic isolation and pre-scaling unit of the signals in the form of current 16, the galvanic isolation and preliminary scaling unit of the signals in the form of voltage 17, the frequency filter unit 19, the diagnostic signal generator 18 and the analog-to-digital converter 20 can be implemented in in accordance with the patent of the Russian Federation for the invention 7 Н 02 Н 7/26 No. 2173924 dated 03.02.2000 Bull.№26 (Fig. 1), or [N.N. Chernobrovov, V.A.Semenov "Relay protection of energy systems" 1998 g p. 778. fig. 22.4]. The RS-232 and RS-485 channel drivers are located in the microprocessor system and are not shown in the diagram (see page 78). Detailed information on the operation of the processing unit and the microprocessor system is given in the patent and the cited literature on pages 778-783.

All of the above schemes are given to describe the operation of the system.

The figures do not show the operational power supply circuits of the system, the test blocks through which phase currents and voltages from current transformers and line voltages are supplied, shunt resistor blocks, relays - repeaters of SF6 pressure reduction sensors in the switch, as well as many hardware components that do not affect microprocessor system operation.

Microprocessor system 2 contains two processing devices 6 ₁ , 6 ₂ and a control unit 7, each processing device 6 contains a processing unit 4 and interface units with the trunk 3 and 5, the control unit 7 contains x - diodes, y - switches and switches, n - signaling lamps and m - relays, information inputs - outputs (RS - 232) of the second group of each processing device 6 are the first group of inputs - outputs of the system 2, the second group of inputs - outputs 11 of which is the group of inputs - outputs of processing units 4, the first 9 and second 10 entry group which nth is the first and second group of inputs of system 2, information inputs - outputs (RS - 485) of the first group of each processing device 6 are the third group of inputs and outputs of system 2, the first 14 and second 15 group of outputs of which is the first and second group of outputs of the control unit 7, the first 11 ₁ and second 11 ₂ group of inputs and outputs of which is a group of inputs and outputs of the first and second processing unit 4, respectively, the third 12 and fourth 13 group of inputs of the system 2 is the first and second group of inputs of the control unit 7.

Processing devices 6 (FIG. 2) in microprocessor system 2 reserve each other in case of failure and implement the following functions:

- step distance protection against phase-to-phase faults;

- step-by-step current protection of the zero sequence from short circuit to ground;

- step-by-step overcurrent protection with combined start-up and power direction control;

- protection against an out-of-phase mode;

- protection against voltage drop when the circuit breaker is turned on;

- many other specific defenses and work as follows:

the signals from the primary current and voltage transformers of the high-voltage line 8 are fed through resistors R to the intermediate transformers T of the galvanic isolation units and preliminary scaling of the input signals in the form of current and voltage 16 and 17 (Fig. 3).

Intermediate transformers T provide galvanic isolation and preliminary scaling of the input signals. The primary windings of transformers provide the specified thermal stability during overloads.

Precision amplifiers implemented on microcircuits 22 and 23, diodes D, resistors R, transistors VI and V2 are used to precisely scale signals and match the impedances of intermediate transformers and an analog-to-digital converter. From the outputs of precision amplifiers, the signals are fed to the inputs of the analog filters of the frequency filter unit 19. Low-pass filters pass current and voltage components of a certain frequency and do not pass high-frequency harmonics, which are distortions that distort the sinusoid of the current and voltage. Next, the analog signals are fed to an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) 20 to change the waveform to discrete (digital), because subsequent signal processing will be performed by digital microcircuits. The input filtered signals are fed to a multiplexer 26 (Fig. 5 of patent No. 2173924), which makes a serial connection of the ADC input 27 (Fig. 5 of patent No. 2173924) to one of the channels of the frequency filter unit 19. The microprocessor controls the entire operation of the analog-to-digital converter 27. 28 (FIG. 5 of patent No. 2173924), which provides digital filtering of input signals, calculation of secondary electrical parameters of the network, performing self-diagnosis procedures, generating control signals for monitoring and diagnostics, boiling at generator control and diagnosis signals 18, and also supports communication with a microprocessor control system output relays and signaling in accordance with the protection algorithms 21 through buffer registers 29 (Figure 5 of the patent №2173924). Thus, the microprocessor control system of the output relays and the alarm system in accordance with the protection algorithms 21 receives the values of the electrical parameters of the protected object from the analog-to-digital converter 20 and information about the status of the digital inputs from the air-conditioning system. Based on this information, as well as the values of program keys and settings stored in the EPROM, control commands for the output relays and alarm are generated in accordance with the protection algorithms, which are transmitted via channel 11 to the control unit 7 and to the control and signaling objects. In addition to the protection and automation functions, the central processor of the microprocessor control system for the output relays and the alarm in accordance with the protection algorithms [NN Chernobrovov, V. A. Semenov "Relay protection of energy systems", 1998, p. 78, Fig. 22.4] controls the mini-display , serves the keyboard of the remote control, and also provides an exchange with a personal computer through the interface node with

main line (driver) 5 and with an automated control system (ACS) through the interface node with the main line (driver) 3. More detailed information on the operation of the microprocessor control system for output relays and signaling in accordance with protection algorithms is given in [N.N. Chernobrov, V .A.Semenov "Relay protection of energy systems" 1998, pp. 778-783]. The control unit 7 receives signals on channels 11 ₁ , 11 ₂ , 12 and 13 and generates control signals for the electromagnets for switching on and off the linear switch 1.

Turn on the switch. Operational inclusion of the switch 1 is carried out by circuit 12 from an external control key (not shown in the figures) or by remote control circuits 13 through relay m (Fig. 4). With its contacts - to the relay m it gives signals through channel 15 to the electromagnet 26 of switch 1 and to the digital inputs of the processing devices 6 ₁ and 6 ₂ through channels 11 ₁ and 11 ₂ .

Operational closure of circuit breaker 1 with monitoring the presence of voltage on lines 8 ₁ (after the circuit breaker) and 8 ₂ (before the circuit breaker), with monitoring of the synchronism between these voltages is carried out by processing device 6 ₁ through channel 11 ₁ through relay m. With their contacts - to the relay m they give signals to the electromagnet turning on the switch 26 and to the digital input of the processing device 62 via channel 11 ₂ .

Tripping the circuit breaker.

Operational shutdown of the switch 1 is carried out by circuit 12 from an external control key (not shown in the figures) or by remote control circuits 13 through relay m. With its contacts - to the relay m it gives out signals on channel 15 to both electromagnets 24 and 25 of tripping circuit breaker 1 and to the digital inputs of processing devices 6 ₁ and 6 ₂ on channels 11 ₁ and 11 ₂ . Processing devices, having received these signals, generates the corresponding signals - commands that enter through the diodes x and channel 14 to other cabinets and the central signaling system of the substation. At the same time, the corresponding lamp n lights up in the control unit 7 (for example, “ON switch”, “OFF switch”, “MALFUNCTION” or “INACTIVE PROTECTION”).

Thus, the microprocessor system has advanced functional and hardware capabilities since provides:

- Performing the functions of relay protection and automation, control and signaling of connections of high-voltage power lines;

- broadcast control commands from the operator to the high-voltage circuit breakers of the facility;

- direct control of a high voltage linear switch;

- automation of the process of collecting information about the state of inputs, connections and switches of the monitoring and control object;

- automation of the collection, registration, analysis and storage of information about emergency processes and events;

etc. while maintaining all the functions of the prototype.

Claims (1)

A microprocessor-based relay protection system for high-voltage lines and a linear circuit breaker control, comprising two processing devices, each processing device comprising a processing unit and two interface nodes with a trunk, the information inputs and outputs of the second group of each processing device being the first group of system inputs and outputs, the second group the inputs and outputs of which is a group of inputs and outputs of each processing unit, the first and second group of inputs of which are the first and second group of inputs of the system s, characterized in that a control unit is inserted into it, and the control unit contains x - diodes, y - switches and switches, n - signaling lamps and m - relays, and the information inputs and outputs of the first group of each processing device are the third group of inputs - system outputs, the first and second group of outputs of which is the first and second group of outputs of the control unit, the first and second group of inputs and outputs of which is a group of inputs and outputs of the first and second processing unit, respectively, the third and fourth group system inputs is the first and second group of inputs of the control unit.