RU68479U1 - VENTED GRAIN HOPPER - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to devices for processing and storage of field products and can be used in agriculture for temporary storage and drying of seeds of cereal crops. The utility model is aimed at improving the quality of processed grain by ensuring uniform distribution of the drying agent during the drying process and reducing heat loss, as well as the uniform distribution of air flow in the layer of the grain embankment during active ventilation. The ventilated grain hopper contains an external perforated cylinder with a conical bottom and a discharge device with a slide gate, an internal perforated cylinder centrally located in the external perforated cylinder, connected to the fan via an air supply device. In the annular space between the inner and outer cylinders, pentahedral boxes are staggered in a checkerboard pattern. Boxes are metal channels with an open bottom, open sidewall facing the hole of the inner cylinder, the shape of which corresponds to the shape of pentagonal boxes, the opposite sidewall of the box has a plug. The boxes are fixed on the hanger mounted on the side surfaces of the inner and outer perforated cylinders.

Description

The utility model relates to devices for processing and storage of field products and can be used in agriculture for temporary storage and drying of seeds of cereal crops.

A well-known installation, made on the basis of a ventilated hopper, including a vertical rectangular hermetic casing inside which there is a housing with an air distribution system made in the form of staggered rectangular boxes with an open bottom. The space between the casing and the casing is divided by horizontal partitions into three collectors for supplying a drying agent and cold air. [one].

The main disadvantage of this ventilated hopper is due to heat loss. This is due to the fact that the supply of the drying agent is carried out in the space between the casing and the casing, and since the casing surface is in contact with external cold air, which reduces the specific heat flow spent on heating the casing walls.

In addition, the disadvantages of this bunker include structurally more complex equipment, as well as the possibility of upgrading existing bunkers of active ventilation of a cylindrical type.

The closest in technical essence to the proposed utility model is a ventilated grain hopper containing an external perforated cylinder with a conical bottom and a discharge device with a slide gate, an internal perforated cylinder centrally located in the external perforated cylinder, connected to the fan by means of an air supply device. In the space between the external and internal perforated cylinders, an annular air duct is additionally installed, made of a wire frame covered with a mesh, with

cell size 1.5X1.5 mm. An annular duct and an inner perforated cylinder divide the grain layer into two, which allows for a reverse purging of the grain layer [2].

The main disadvantage of this installation is that with high grain moisture and reduced space for the grain layer between the inner perforated cylinder and the annular duct, a significant shrinkage of the layer occurs. This leads to depressurization of the upper part of the hopper and unproductive losses of coolant to the drying of grain or air during ventilation, since the valve of the internal perforated cylinder is strictly fixed in the upper position relative to the annular duct. Due to the fact that the annular mesh duct has a living coefficient much larger than the internal perforated cylinder, its aerodynamic drag for air flow is reduced. As a result, the purge of the inner and outer layers of the grain is uneven.

In addition, the presence of two drying chambers makes it difficult to service the converted bunker, for example, cleaning it when the processing of one crop is switched to another.

The proposed utility model is aimed at improving the quality of the processed grain by ensuring uniform distribution of the drying agent during the drying process and reducing heat loss, as well as the uniform distribution of air flow in the layer of the grain embankment during active ventilation.

The ventilated grain hopper contains an external perforated cylinder with a conical bottom and a discharge device with a slide gate, an internal perforated cylinder centrally located in the external perforated cylinder, connected to the fan via an air supply device. The problem is achieved by the fact that in the annular space between the inner and outer cylinders are located

staggered staggered air-supply pentahedral boxes with an open bottom. Each box is docked with an open sidewall with an opening of the inner cylinder, and the outer sidewall has a plug and is connected to an external perforated cylinder.

Figure 1 shows the General scheme of the hopper for grain; figure 2 section (section) aa; figure 3 fragment of the scan of the outer perforated cylinder.

The ventilated grain hopper contains an external perforated cylinder 1, an internal cylinder 2, a fan 3, with an electric air heater 4, an air supply device 5, feed units 6 and grain output 7.

In the annular space 8, pentahedral boxes 9 are staggered in a checkerboard pattern. The boxes are metal channels with an open bottom, open sidewall facing the hole of the inner cylinder, the shape of which corresponds to the shape of pentagonal boxes, the opposite side of the box has a plug. The boxes are fixed on the shoulders 10 mounted on the side surfaces of the inner and outer perforated cylinders.

The grain supply unit includes a grain distributor 12, a cone 11. The grain unloading unit consists of a return cone 13 and a gate 14.

In the cavity of the inner cylinder 2, a valve 15 is suspended using a cable-beam system 16.

The ventilation hopper for grain works as follows. When the gate 14 is closed, the grain is sent by noriya (noriya not specified) by the feed unit into the annular space 8, the level of the grain embankment, depending on the purpose, type of culture and humidity, is set within strictly defined limits.

After filling the hopper, the valve 15 using the cable-beam system 16 is installed below the surface of the grain mound and turn on the fan 3. The air flow pumped by the fan,

passes through the holes of the inner cylinder 2 into pentahedral boxes, from which it is fan-shaped directed into the grain layer, penetrates it and is brought out through the perforation of the outer cylinder.

Since the resistance exerted by the air flow when it enters the layer of the grain embankment from the side of the openings of the inner cylinder is much less than the perforated surface of the outer cylinder, this has a positive effect on the intensity of the flow of mass transfer processes. In the process of passing the air flow through the electric heater 4, the air is additionally heated and thus its relative humidity is reduced.

The proposed option to upgrade the design of the hopper allows more efficient use of the hopper type as storage tanks for temporary storage of high-moisture grain before it is sent for further processing. Simultaneously with obtaining more even indicators for the moisture and temperature of the grains, before the main drying operation, the technology for drying high-moisture grain under consideration allows us to process the grain mass with less energy.

LIST OF SOURCES

1. RF patent C1 No. 203182 Ventilated hopper for grain Authors R. Safin, L. N. Nagametzyanova, R. Akhmetkina Golubev L.G., Puzakov V.B.

2. Sychugov NP, Naimushin M.I. Improvement of chamber drying plants and bins for active ventilation of grain // Agricultural Science of the North-East of the European part of Russia: Sat. scientific tr T4 Kirov 1995 from 84-89

Claims (1)

The ventilated grain hopper contains an external perforated cylinder with a conical bottom and an unloading device with a slide gate, an internal perforated cylinder centrally located in the external perforated cylinder, connected to the fan by means of an air supply device, characterized in that the annular space between the inner and outer cylinders is tiered staggered air-supply pentahedral boxes with an open bottom, each box is docked with an open sidewall with the hole of the inner cylinder, and the outer sidewall has a plug and is connected to an external perforated cylinder.