RU68212U1 - RADIO COMMUNICATION SYSTEM WITH MOBILE OBJECTS - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to radio data exchange systems and can be used for information exchange between mobile objects (PO) and ground-based complexes (NK). The main technical problem to be solved by the claimed utility model is the expansion of the system’s functionality by automatically determining the state ownership of aircraft, including those located outside the line of sight, and escorting them along the route. To implement the technical task, a data loader with input / output for continuous and planned information was introduced into the software, and a memory device with input / output for online data array change, connected to the input / output of the workstation calculator, was added to the NK.

Description

The utility model relates to data exchange systems and can be used to implement information exchange between moving objects (software) and sources (recipients) of system information through ground-based systems.

Known systems for determining the location and tracking of remote moving objects, consisting of primary and secondary radars [1], devices for detecting targets "in the light". All these devices contain: a transmitter, a receiver, one or more antennas, a modulator and a demodulator, devices for processing transmitted and received signals, a recording device (in most cases, an indicator of the air situation).

One of the analogues is the secondary radar system, containing, for example, airborne transponders on aircraft and the ground radar "Root-AS" with equipment for receiving and displaying information "Comet-2M" [2]. On-board and ground-based equipment consists of elements of the same name: transmitter and receiver, modulator and demodulator, processing devices for transmitted and received signals, and registration devices. Structurally, these elements differ from each other because of the particular placement: airborne or ground. The airborne complex (transponder) is connected to various sensors of the aircraft (aircraft): navigation system, airborne navigation system. Digital data taken from the aircraft for each request from the ground on the recording device is displayed in the form of 16 forms, azimuth and range (when calling the aircraft), flight altitude and aircraft number, extrapolation vector by time and distance, called for all aircraft equipped with transponders.

However, the analogue has the following disadvantages:

- to reduce the closing angles, complex bulky structures (slides, masts) are required, on which a ground complex is installed;

- determination of state affiliation of the aircraft is carried out only within the line of sight;

- ground-based equipment, including the antenna rotation system, consumes electricity up to 10 kW [2];

- a large number of elements, including electromechanical, reduce the average time between failures of the system;

- to maintain the operability of ground-based equipment operating continuously, significant operating costs and maintenance personnel are required.

The closest in purpose and most of the essential features is a radio communication system with moving objects [3], which is taken as a prototype.

A radio communication system with moving objects consists of M ground-based complexes. Each of the NK contains a ground-based antenna, a radio station connected by two-way communications through data transmission equipment to the first input / output of the computer of the automated workstation (AWP). The first input of the computer is connected to the signal receiver of the navigation satellite systems, the second input is connected to the AWP control panel, and the output is connected to the AWP monitor. Shaper type relayed messages is connected to the corresponding input of the computer workstation. Each of the N moving objects includes airborne sensors, a receiver of signals from navigation satellite systems, an analyzer of the type of received messages, and an airborne former of the type of relayed messages. Each of them is connected to the corresponding inputs of the on-board computer, the input / output of which is connected to the bi-directional bus of the control system of a moving object. The on-board computer is connected to the input of the data recording unit and through the on-board data transmission equipment connected in series, the on-board radio station is connected to the on-board antenna. Data transmission from the ND is provided through a chain of series-connected first software, second software, and then to the N-th software, and data is transmitted from the N-th software to the NK in the reverse order. A ground-based data transmission network with an input / output system for exchanging data with adjacent systems is connected by two-way communications to each of the M NKs, including each of the (M-1) th geographically separated NKs. The ground-based data transmission network for information interaction unites all NKs. On each software, an on-board radio station of the DKMV range is installed, the first and second inputs / outputs of which are connected by two-way communications to the corresponding inputs / outputs of the on-board computer and on-board data transmission equipment, respectively, and the third input / output is connected to the on-board antenna of the DKMV range. In NK

A DKMV terrestrial radio station is installed, the first and second inputs / outputs of which are connected by two-way communications to the corresponding inputs / outputs of a ground computer and ground data transmission equipment, respectively, and the third input / output is connected to a DKMV terrestrial antenna.

However, the system has the following disadvantages:

- there is no possibility of determining nationality and identification of aircraft;

- information on the state of ownership of aircraft is not displayed on the monitor screen of the AWP system, which complicates the actions of the operator;

- Information on the state of ownership of aircraft is not transmitted to neighboring NKs, which complicates the procedure for tracking the movement of foreign aircraft.

Thus, the main technical task to which the claimed utility model is directed is to expand the system’s functionality by automatically determining the state’s affiliation and identification of aircraft, including those located outside the line of sight, and escorting them along the route.

The indicated technical result is achieved by the fact that in a radio communication system with moving objects, consisting of M ground-based complexes, each of which contains terrestrial antennas MB and DKMV bands, respectively associated with radio stations MB and DKMV bands, which are connected by two-way communications via ground-based data transmission equipment ( ADF) to the first input / output of the computer of the automated workstation, the first input of which is connected to the receiver of signals of navigation satellite systems, the second input to the control panel AWP, and the output is to the AWP monitor, a relay type shaper connected by two-way connections to the second input / output of the AWP computer, the third input / output of the AWP computer is connected to the corresponding input / output of the ground data network, N mobile objects, each of which the onboard antennas of the MB and DKMV ranges are included, respectively associated with the onboard radio stations of the MB and DKMV ranges, which are connected by two-way communications via the on-board data transmission equipment to the first input / output b the on-board computer, the on-board analyzer of the type of received messages and the on-board driver of the type of relayed messages are connected to the second and third inputs / outputs

the on-board computer, respectively, the on-board sensors and the signal receiver of the navigation satellite systems are connected to the first and second inputs of the on-board computer, respectively, the output of the on-board computer is connected to the monitor input, the fourth input / output of the on-board computer is connected to the bidirectional bus of the moving object control system, and data transmission from the NK is provided through a chain of series-connected first software, second software, and then to the N-th software, and data is transferred from the N-th software to the NK in the opposite order, the ground data network with the system input / output is connected by two-way connections to each of the M NK, an additional storage device with input / output for operational data array change is connected to each fourth complex, connected to the fourth input / output of the workstation calculator, fifth input / the output of which is connected to the control input / output of the DKMV range ground-based radio station, and on each moving object an additional data loader with input / output for data input, connected by two-way communication with the fifth input / output of the on-board computer, the sixth input / output of which is connected to the control input / output of the on-board radio station DKMV range.

Figure 1 presents the structural diagram of a radio communication system with moving objects, where indicated: 1 - ground-based complex; 2 - moving object; 3 - input / output of the ground complex 1 for the ground data network; 4 - input / output terrestrial data network, which is conventionally shown in figure 1 in the form of a line.

The radio communication system with software contains M geographically dispersed ground communication complexes 1, the block diagram of which is shown in FIG. 3, and N movable objects 2, the block diagram of which is shown in FIG. 2, interconnected by air-to-air communication channels 31 of the MB range and using channels 32 of the Air-to-Earth radio communication MB and 33 DKMV bands with M ground-based complexes 1, which are combined with each other and with ground-based users, which are not indicated in FIG. 1, using their inputs / outputs 3 and input / output 4 of the terrestrial data network.

The structural diagram of the movable object 2 is presented in figure 2, where it is indicated:

5 - on-board computer;

6 - airborne sensors;

7 - an on-board receiver of signals of a global navigation satellite system GLONASS / GPS with an antenna;

8 - data recording unit;

9 - on-board analyzer of the type of received messages;

10 - airborne type relay relay messages;

11 - on-board data transmission equipment;

12 - radio station DKMV range;

13 - MB radio station;

14 - antenna DKMV range;

15 - antenna MB range;

16 - data loader with input / output 17 for data input;

18 - bidirectional on-board interface with software control system.

The structural diagram of the ground communication complex 1 is presented in figure 3, where it is indicated:

3 - input / output of the ground complex 1 for the ground data network;

19 - ground antenna MB range ;;

20 - MB terrestrial radio station;

21 - ground antenna DKMV range;

22 - ground radio station DKMV range;

23 - ground-based data transmission equipment;

24 - computer workstation (based on PC);

25 - ground-based receiver of signals of navigation satellite systems with an antenna;

26 - shaper type relayed messages;

27 - monitor workstation;

28 - control panel AWP,

29 - a storage device with input / output 30 for the rapid change of the data array.

The composition of NK 1 includes terrestrial antennas of 19 MB and 21 DKMV bands, respectively associated with radio stations of 20 MB and 22 DKMV bands, connected by two-way communications via data transmission equipment 23 to the first input / output of the computer 24 of the automated workstation. The second input / output of the calculator 24 is connected to the control input of the radio station 22

DKMV, the third input / output - to the input / output 4 of the terrestrial data network. A storage device 29 is connected to the fourth input / output of the calculator 24. The first input of the calculator 24 is connected to the output of the receiver 25 of the signals of navigation satellite systems (for example, GLONASS / GPS), the second input is to the AWP control panel 28, the third input is to the relay type 26 messages, and the output is to the monitor 27 AWP. In the storage device 29 through the input / output 30 are entered, for example, from a standard disk of the CD-RW type, data of the ICAO classifier about the airlines of the world and the flight numbers of their aircraft, forecast and current flight plans, and other necessary information. In addition, additional data can be entered into the storage device 29 through the input / output 3 of the terrestrial data network and the calculator 24. When upgrading NK 1 through the input / output 30 can be carried out operational change of the data array.

A radio communication system with moving objects operates as follows. Airspace is divided into flight information areas (RPIs) of 1000-1200 km in size. Each IRP has at least one NK responsible for flight information support. Communicate each PO 2 with NK 1, located in the zone of responsibility of this NK 1, or in the MB range or in the DKMV range depending on the distance from NK 1. In the direct radio visibility zone (up to 200-300 km), they provide communication in the MB range, Outside of line of sight, if it is not possible to increase the radius of the control zone to 1000-1200 km using relaying on the MB Air channel “Air-Air” channels, the communication will be organized in the DKMV band.

Data exchange on the Air-Earth channel in the MB range between PO 2 and NK 1 is carried out at the operating frequency assigned for each NK 1. The list of frequency support for MB communications, containing a list of M ground complexes NK 1 with their addresses, coordinates assigned to them frequencies, as well as the frequency of the air-to-air communication, are brought over the ground data network to each NK 1 promptly through input / output 30 and storage device 29, as well as during preflight preparation to each software 2 through input / output 17 and the bootloader 16 data. In each message with software 2, regardless of its purpose and mode of operation of the data line: ACARS, VDL-2, VDL-3, VDL-4, there is information about the airline, the flight being operated, and the flight numbers of its aircraft. Received through nodes 19, 20, 23 on NK 1 message is analyzed

in the ground computer 24. According to the ICAO classifier embedded in the storage device 29, the country to which PO 2 belongs, its type and flight route is determined. According to the designation of the airline, for example, LH - Lufthansa, determine the nationality of PO 2 - Germany. When determining nationality, deviation of PO 2 from the route, an accident on board, an attack on a crew and other emergencies near a point on the monitor screen 27 of the AWP characterizing the current location of PO 2, using a ground computer 24, a symbol or other mark is formed that should attract attention of the operator (dispatcher), for example, visually by flicker or color. Through the input / output 3 of the ground computer 24, this information is transmitted to the appropriate users: neighboring NK 1 and other objects that provide support for this software 2. If necessary, commands can be transmitted to the mobile object 2 to reduce the risk in the current situation.

Data transmission in the DKMV range between PO 2 and NK 1 is carried out at the operating frequency assigned for each NK 1 according to the results of a long-term forecast. According to a long-term forecast, a table of the time-frequency schedule of the DKMV connection for each NK 1 for a day is developed and brought to NK 1 via a land data network. The DKMV communication system table containing the list of M ground-based complexes of NK 1 with their coordinates, addresses, and tables of their time-frequency schedule, is brought to each PO 2 during preflight preparation through data loader 16 with input / output 17. In each message in the DKMV range with software 2, for example, in the operating mode of the adaptive HFDL data line, there is always information about the airline and the flight number of its aircraft. Therefore, the message received in the DKMV band goes through all the processing stages characteristic of the MB band. A feature of this mode is that the determination of state affiliation is carried out beyond the line of sight of PO 2 at distances of 600-5000 km.

To increase the life cycle of software on-board equipment in the context of a continuous increase in the functional requirements on the part of ICAO for multi-mode operation of data transmission channels, to reduce the cost of upgrading the airborne complex 1, for example, the principles of “software-defined radio” (Software Definition Radio (SDR)) are implemented, those. software principles

performance of the main functions of connected avionics, including radio tuning frequencies, bands, spectral signal filtering masks, physical, channel and network levels of all data transmission modes in DKMV and MB bands.

In the ground equipment 23 data transmission protocols are implemented for the exchange of data in DKMV and MB channels of the physical layer (modems codecs) using digital signal processing.

To ensure DKMV communications, the usage time of each DKMV frequency channel is divided into time frames of 32 s duration, and each frame is divided into 13 time slots of 2.46 s duration to implement the time division multiple access channel (TDMA) protocol. In the first slot of each frame, a marker signal is emitted, containing receipts for all messages received by SC 1 from different software 2 in the previous two frames, the nominal frequencies of two neighboring SC 1, the database version (system table), and the purpose of using slots with 4 on the 13th of the current frame and slots of the 2nd and 3rd of the next frame. At the end of each frame, for each slot of the next frame, it is assigned to use this slot for transmission from the ground (NK 1) or for transmission from a specific board (PO 2) upon its preliminary request for an access slot, or for transmission from any board PO 2 in random mode access. This assignment is transmitted in the marker (squitter). Then, air-to-Earth packet data is exchanged on each active DKMV channel in HFDL mode with multiple access, for example, to L (up to 26) mobile objects (at a flow rate of 11 messages from the board and 6 messages from the ground per hour). With a lower message flow rate, more software 2 can be serviced on the same HFDL frequency channel. In the DKMV band, registration is initiated at the selected communication frequency (on the corresponding NK 1), packet data is exchanged in TDMA HFDL mode through the DKMV Air-to-Earth channel with the NK 1 on which PO 2 is registered, until the quality of the DKMV radio channel "Air-to-Earth" exceeds the permissible level. If the quality of the DKMV radio channel is below the acceptable level, the new DKMV radio channel and the corresponding NK 1 and then PO 2 are registered on the new DKMV radio channel and the new NK 1.

To ensure MB communication at each NK 1, at each authorized MB frequency, the emission of marker signals (squitters), which are

communication / control / synchronization signals, with a period of 2 minutes. The signals of the markers are spaced in time, so that software 2 can evaluate the quality of the signals of different NK 1 and select NK 1 for communication. Then, the air-to-Earth packet data is exchanged on the active MB channel for VDL-2 mode in the mode of multiple access to the channel with listening to the carrier (CSMA) or on the active channel for VDL-4 in the mode of multiple access to the channel with time division and self-organization (STDMA). The active communication frequency MB and the mode (for example, VDL-2 or VDL-4) are set by the calculator 24. For each software 2, the best communication frequency is selected according to the quality of the received signals of the markers of different NK 1 for each wave band (DKMV and MB).

In the MB range on each moving object 2, a frequency search procedure is initiated when the equipment is turned on or after disconnecting the line if PO 2 can no longer detect VDL packets from the ground communication complex 1 at the current frequency. Software 2 attempts to identify the frequency at which VDL services are available, for example, by tuning the radio to a common signaling channel (CSC) and to other frequencies at which VDL services are available. Software 2 scans the frequency until it finds the correct VDL packet with an acceptable source address, or until the scan timer expires. In this case, on software 2, tune the radio station to a different frequency and continue scanning. On software 2, a frequency recovery procedure is initiated if it cannot establish a line at the current frequency or if the sub-layer of the Channel Access Protocol (MAC) control indicates that the current frequency is overloaded. At the same time, the radio station is tuned to an alternative frequency using data from the frequency support list previously received on the current communication line. PO 2 and NK 1 implement, for example, the following procedures for organizing an MB radio channel, for example, in accordance with DO-224A [9]:

- identification of the ground station;

- initial installation of the line;

- modification of the line parameters;

- "handoff" initiated by software 2;

- “handoff” initiated by NK 1 at the request of PO 2;

- “handoff” initiated by NK 1;

- “handoff” initiated by software 2 at the request of NK 1;

- broadcast "handoff" at the request of NK 1;

- auto-tuning.

The software 2 starts to analyze the signals of the MB and DKMV range markers, being parked in the airport zone after turning on the power and conducting automatic built-in control of technical serviceability. Regardless of the functioning of the communication channel of the MB band, the software 2 constantly supports the communication channel of the DKMV band in the HFDL mode with that NK 1, the quality of the radio channel with which is the best or acceptable. During the flight, each SOFTWARE 2 provides automatic selection of the operating frequency from the list of allowed frequencies, random and redundant access to the communication channel with time division multiple access mode, data exchange with geographically spaced ground-based complexes 1, combined using a ground-based data transmission network into a single system .

During movement, movable objects 2 located within the radio horizon of NK 1 exchange navigation and other data, including information on airline membership and flight number, via the MB band radio link with ground complex 1. Received by terrestrial radio station 20 from channel “ Air-to-Earth ”messages through the equipment 23 for data transmission enter the ground computer 24 AWP, which can be performed on the basis of a serial PC. In accordance with the exchange protocol adopted in the system, it identifies the received address of software 2 with the addresses of the moving objects stored in the memory of the computer 24 of the workstation and the storage device 29. If the address of the moving object 2 matches the address stored in the list, location information, parameters movement 2, flight number, airline affiliation, flight number and the state of its sensors is stored in the computer 24 AWP. The ground-based computer 24 AWP solves the problem of ensuring constant stable radio communication with all N PO 2s, determining state affiliation by index, for example, an airline or a shipping company, and identifying the type of aircraft (or ship) using the well-known classifier of the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) (or International Maritime Organization) (IMO). Information about the indicated indices and types of software is stored in a storage device 29 with input / output 30 for quickly changing the data array of the ground complex 1. If necessary, correct the array

data or input additional data, the input / output 3 of the ground complex 1 is used for the ground data network connected to the corresponding input / output of the ground computer 24 AWP. Based on information about the nationality, types of software 2, the exact location of all software 2 and the parameters of their movement, operations are performed to store these messages in the ground computer 24 AWP and output the necessary data to the monitor screen 27 AWP PC 1 in a form convenient for the operator (dispatcher) ), tracking software 2 accordingly along the route.

When leaving at least one of PO 2 beyond the radio horizon NK 1 or approaching the boundary of a stable radio communication zone, ground complex 1 determines software one of PO 2, which is assigned as the first relay of messages. With a constant range change between PO 2 and NK 1, for a certain time any of N N 2 can be assigned as a repeater, the location of which is known and optimal with respect to NK 1 and all other software 2. By analyzing the location and motion parameters of the remaining software 2, the optimal paths for message delivery to the mobile unit 2, which is remote from the NK 1 for the radio horizon, are determined — the message recipient. A message from NK 1 through a sequential chain, which if necessary consists of several (from 1 to (N-1)) software 2, can be delivered to the desired software 2 - the recipient. To do this, on NK 1 in the shaper 26 of the type of relayed messages, the address of the software 2 assigned by the first relay, if necessary the addresses of other mobile objects 2 - relays, and the address of software 2 - the receiver, providing the specified message traffic, are laid down in predefined bits of the transmitted codegram. Messages received and processed on software 2 by devices 15, 14, 13, 12, 11, and 5 are received in message type analysis unit 9. If the message is intended for this software 2, then after analysis the question of sending data via a bi-directional bus 18 to the control system of software 2, or of transmitting a message in relay mode to neighboring software 2, is solved. To avoid collisions, the number of bits in the transmitted message is minimized and relay is performed data sequentially in time. When exchanging data via the operator-pilot communication line (CPDLC), especially in the presence of a potentially conflict situation, the crew must fully comply with the commands of the NK 1 operator, who has more information about the air traffic situation in his area of responsibility.

For this purpose, with the NK 1, the operator sends a corresponding message to the software 2, which is displayed on the screen of the airborne data recording unit 8 in the form of an agreed mark and forms in which, for example, requirements are required for the crew to perform certain actions. Based on the data received from NC 1 in the on-board computer 5 software 2, together with the ground computer 24, the problem of the presence of dangerous proximity with neighboring software 2 is solved taking into account their predicted positions and possible maneuvers, the time of the next communication sessions with information receivers connected to the input / output is determined 4 terrestrial data networks. According to the information displayed on the screen of the airborne data recording unit 8, the crew of the software 2, in agreement with the operator of the NK 1, if necessary, determine the direction of further movement and the maneuvers performed.

For each software 2, the trends of neighboring software 2 and their nationality, if necessary, can be displayed on the screen of their own on-board unit 8 for data recording, and on the monitor screen 27 of the AWP, for all software 2 in the area of NK 1 using the marks marking the previous location of software 2 generated by calculators 5 and 24. As software 2 moves, obsolete marks are erased. Data is loaded from the data loader 16 through the input / output 17, for example, from a standard diskette, about the airline that owns the aircraft, its flight number, flight plan, and other necessary information. Downloading to the memory of the on-board computer 5 the necessary data in the form of a system table containing lists of addresses, coordinates of ground complexes and the communication frequencies assigned to it, is carried out during the pre-flight preparation of each moving object 2. The system tables are also loaded using the computer 24 through the ground input / output 3 data network.

NK 1 guarantees for each registered on it software 2 the required system characteristics, namely the likelihood of timely delivery of a message with information on nationality, types and location of software 2 with a given reliability and intensity of the message flow. Knowing the exact quantitative dependencies of these parameters for different modes of data exchange, NK 1 predicts system characteristics depending on the number of software 2 registered on one frequency channel and stops registering new software 2 (sets the “busy” flag of the communication channel in squitterpax),

if the predicted system characteristics degrade below a predetermined level, thereby reducing the likelihood of random access collisions and, consequently, the delay in transmitting a message.

Messages about state affiliation, type, location of software 2 and its movement parameters with reference to the world time received from the outputs of receivers 7 and 25 of the signals of navigation satellite systems, for example, GLONASS / GPS, are recorded in the memory of computers 5 and 24 [4, 5, 6 ]. The exact synchronization of the slots used for data exchange between subscribers of the system, and their planned use for transmission is known to each user in relation to surrounding users with known coordinates. The distribution of slots by objects (software 2) is carried out in computers 5 and 24 using the coordinates of the objects. The farther PO 2 is from the aerodrome or from the heavy traffic area of PO 2, the less slots for data transmission are allocated to it. Such information allows each NK 1 to organize highly efficient use of the communication channel.

In computers 5 and 24, data on state affiliation, type, location of software 2 are used to calculate navigation characteristics, build traffic paths of each software 2, and other operations. Depending on the selected time interval for the issuance of messages on the NK 1 location 2 software in the calculator 5 at a given time, a corresponding message is generated with reference to the global time for measuring coordinates of the software 2. This time is used in the computer 24 NK 1 for the known operation of constructing extrapolation marks ON 2 and definitions of other characteristics of ON 2 [4, 5]. In the data transmission equipment 23 NK 1 and APD 11 software 2, well-known operations are carried out: modulation and demodulation, encoding and decoding.

Thanks to the ground-based data network for each software 2 equipped with a 14 DKMV radio station, data packets of automatic dependent monitoring and other CNS / ATM applications are transmitted simultaneously to several NK 1 and squitters are received from several NK 1. In this case, the NK is determined by software 2 1, the parameters of the radio signals which are received most stably, and through it the exchange of data begins. On-board and ground computers 5 and 24 store pre-laid tables with lists of ground systems 1 and sets of frequencies assigned to them. In the on-board computer

5, the coordinates of all NK 1s are also included. Each NK 1 in the DKMV band periodically emits marker signals (control / synchronization / communication) at all frequencies assigned to it. To establish a communication line with NK 1 in the on-board radio station 13, on-board APD 11 software 2 and on-board computer 5 software 2, the received marker signals from all ground systems 1 at all frequencies are automatically analyzed and the best frequencies are selected (for example, signal-to-noise ratio or magnitude power of the received signal) and ground-based complexes 1 due to the implementation of the well-known] adaptation principle in frequency and space [7]. To increase the reliability of information reception, a noise-tolerant code can be used for direct error correction, for example, convolutional or Reed-Solomon, and a code that detects not corrected in the modem with direct error correction is an excessive cyclic CRC [7]. Thus, each of PO 2 can communicate at several operating frequencies, known to all participants in the movement. The lists of allocated frequencies vary with the time of day and year, taking into account seasonal ionospheric changes. When moving, software 2 communicates, choosing the NK 1 for communication, the conditions for the propagation of radio waves for communication with which at a given moment in time are optimal. Moreover, it is not necessary that the selected NK 1 be the closest. The communication channel drawn up in this way between PO 2 and the receiver (source) of information, as a rule, will include a DKMV radio line and a terrestrial data network. This ensures an increase in the range of determining the nationality of movable objects 2, located at distances from NK 1 from several hundred to 4-6 thousand kilometers. The implementation of adaptive reception methods provides in DCMV channels an energy gain of about 9 dB in comparison with traditional modems with a guard interval for combating multipath, which is equivalent to an additional 3-4 thousand km of determining the nationality of mobile objects 2, at a higher (10-20 times) data transfer rates.

The work of subscribers of the terrestrial data network is synchronized on the basis of the use by all subscribers of the participants of the movement of a single global universal coordinated time (UTC) received from existing objects of the global navigation satellite system.

For the interaction of ground-based complexes 1, end users and software 2, a ground-based data network is used. It can be implemented in various known ways, for example, during the interworking of NK 1 through packet switching centers, for example, in accordance with the X.25 protocol [8]. Connections between NK 1 and subscribers of a terrestrial data network can transmit a message addressed by a user to a specific software 2 to the ground complex 1 where this software 2 is “registered” and where optimal reception conditions are provided at a given time. The radio communication system with software 2 operates in automatic mode without operator intervention at the selected frequencies from the list of frequencies assigned during communication planning. When transmitting data over a DCMV line, each frequency channel is used over time division multiple access (TDMA) protocol.

The transfer of the marker at each active frequency has its offset relative to the beginning of the leading frame indicated in the system table. The leading frame begins every day at T _op = 00: 00.0 universal coordinated time (UTC) [6, 12]. This ensures the prevention of mutual interference between transmissions from ground-based systems 1 and from many software 2 in the same slot. On one channel, up to 26 software 2 services are provided.

At the time of application submission, functioning algorithms and corresponding software of the claimed radio communication system have been developed. Nodes 5, 6-15, 19-28 are the same as the prototype.

Input nodes 16 and 29 can be performed on a serial bootloader used in modern aircraft and flash reprogrammable memory modules, respectively.

The inventive model has the following advantages:

- ensuring the automatic determination of the nationality of aircraft using the signals of the MB data band;

- determination of the nationality of aircraft located outside the line of sight using signals from the DKMV data transmission line;

- escort of aircraft along the route, using the attribute of nationality in messages received from PO 2 on MB and DKMV data lines;

- determination of state ownership of aircraft in areas where there are no secondary surveillance radars;

- simplification of the process of determining the state of detection aircraft due to the continuous analysis of information from sensors 2 and the formation on the monitor screen of the workstation monitor, visually attracting the attention of the operator (dispatcher).

LITERATURE:

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2. Technical systems and facilities created for the Unified Air Traffic Management System of Russia. Catalog. Ed. 2nd rev. and add. M .: NIIEIR OJSC, 1998. - 159 p.

3. RF patent (utility model) No. 52290 U1, M. Kl. HB04 7/26. (prototype).

4. D.S. Kontorov, Yu.S. Golubev-Novozhilov. Introduction to radar systems engineering. - M .; Owls Radio, 1971, 367 pp.

5. B.I. Kuzmin “Digital Telecommunication Networks and Systems”, part 1 “Concept” of ICAO CNS / ATM. Moscow St. Petersburg: NIIER OJSC, 1999, 206 p.

6. GPS - a global positioning system. - M .: PRIN, 1994, 76 p.

7. Guidance on the HF data link (Doc9741 - AN / 962). First edition. - ICAO, 2000, 148 p.

8. Automated air traffic control systems: New information technologies in aviation: Textbook. The manual / P.M. Akhmedov, A.A. Bibutov, A.V. Vasiliev and others; under the editorship of S.G. Pyatko and A.I. Krasov. - St. Petersburg: Polytechnic, 2004.

9. RTCA / DO-224A. Aeronautical Systems Minimum Signal Structure Standards (MASPS) Standards for Advanced VHF Digital Data Transmission, including Compatibility with Digital Voice Technologies. 2000.

Claims (1)

A radio communication system with moving objects (PO), consisting of M ground-based complexes (NK), each of which contains terrestrial antennas MB and DKMV bands, respectively associated with radio stations MB and DKMV bands, which are connected by two-way communications through ground-based data transmission equipment to the first input to the output of the computer of the automated workstation (AWS), the first input of which is connected to the receiver of signals of navigation satellite systems, the second input is to the AWP control panel, and the output is to the AWP monitor, shaper type of relay messages, connected by two-way communications with the second input / output of the AWP calculator, and the third input / output of the AWP calculator is connected to the corresponding input / output of the terrestrial data network, N mobile objects, each of which includes on-board antennas of the MB and DKMV ranges, associated respectively with the on-board radio stations MB and DKMV ranges, which are connected by two-way communications via the on-board data transmission equipment to the first input / output of the on-board computer, on-board analyzer type and received messages and an on-board driver of the type of relayed messages are connected to the second and third inputs / outputs of the on-board computer, respectively, on-board sensors and a receiver of signals from navigation satellite systems are connected to the first and second inputs of the on-board computer, respectively, the output of the on-board computer is connected to the monitor input, the fourth input / the output of the on-board computer is connected to the bidirectional bus of the moving object control system, and data transmission from the NK is provided through a chain e connected in series with the first software, the second software and further to the N-th software, and the data are transferred from the N-th software to the NK in the reverse order, the ground data network with the input / output of the system is connected by two-way connections to each of the M NK, different the fact that an additional storage device with input / output for online data array change is connected to the system at each ground complex, connected to the fourth input / output of the workstation computer, the fifth input / output of which is connected to the control input / output of the ground DKMV radio station, and on each mobile object, an additional data loader with input / output for data input is introduced, connected by two-way communications with the fifth input / output of the on-board computer, the sixth input / output of which is connected to the control input / output of the DKMV on-board radio station.