RU64371U1 - UNDERWATER METER OF WATER DEPTH AND SPECIFIC WEIGHT OF WATER - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of marine instrumentation and is intended primarily for measuring the depth of a reservoir, as well as the specific gravity of water. The utility model includes an upper hydrostatic pressure sensor, a lower hydrostatic pressure sensor, vertically spaced from the upper sensor, for example, by means of a rigid connection, and a computing device, the inputs of which are connected to the outputs of the sensors. Sensors and computing device can be installed in a sealed enclosure. The housing with sensors can be mounted on a dead anchor mounted on the bottom of the reservoir and connected to the buoy using a buoyer. In the buoy can be placed a computing device electrically connected to the outputs of the hydrostatic pressure sensors. The underwater meter can also be operated directly from the vessel on which the computing device is located, the inputs of which are electrically connected to the outputs of the hydrostatic pressure sensors by means of a load-carrying cable, as well as as part of an automatic bottom station.

Description

The utility model relates to the field of marine instrumentation and is intended primarily for measuring the depth of a reservoir, as well as the specific gravity of water.

Known underwater depth gauges in which the depth is determined by the magnitude of hydrostatic pressure acting on the corresponding sensor (Bogorodsky A.V. et al. Hydrostatic technique for research and development of the ocean. - L .: Gidrometeoizdat. 1984, p.93).

These depth meters cannot determine the specific gravity of water.

Also known is an underwater meter for the depth of the reservoir and the average vertical velocity of sound in water (RU No. 53454 U1).

The specified underwater depth gauge comprises a hydrostatic pressure meter and a reversed echo sounder located in a sealed enclosure, the outputs of which are connected to the inputs of the computing device.

The meter is installed at the bottom of a reservoir or on an underwater object and provides depth measurement using a hydrostatic pressure and depth sounder meter, as well as determining the vertical average sound speed due to the joint processing of their measurements.

The depth H and the measured hydrostatic pressure P _G are related by the known expression: P _G = ρgH + P _a , where

ρ is the density of water;

g is the acceleration of gravity;

P _a - atmospheric pressure (easily measured on a supply vessel).

The disadvantage of this device is the lack of information on the values of ρ and g, or the specific gravity of water γ equal to

γ = ρg [Bryukhanov O.N., Korobko V.I., Melik-Arakelyan A.T. “Fundamentals of hydraulics, heat engineering and aerodynamics”, Textbook. - M .: INFRA, 2004].

This value is set in the form of a constant according to the tables or according to the results of external measurements.

In the process of operation of the considered device, this parameter is not controlled, and its changes lead to unaccounted measurement errors.

A known method for determining the specific gravity of sea water (Snezhinsky VA Practical oceanography. Hydrometeorological publishing house. L. 1951. P.494). It provides for accurate weighing of a certain volume of seawater at a temperature of 0 ° and the same volume of disciled water at a temperature of 4 °. Weighing is carried out in the laboratory using a picrometer or hydrostatic balance. Based on the measurement results, the specific gravity of water is calculated by known formulas.

The implementation of this method is not embodied in any device that provides a direct determination of the specific gravity of water and, moreover, the simultaneous measurement of the depth of the reservoir.

The problem to which the claimed utility model is directed is to create a device for underwater measurement of the depth of the reservoir and the specific gravity of the water.

The technical result, which the claimed utility model is aimed at, consists in expanding the functionality of a water depth meter, which consists in simultaneously measuring the specific gravity of water.

The device is illustrated in the drawing, where

figure 1 shows a block diagram of an underwater meter;

figure 2 - underwater meter mounted on the bottom of the reservoir;

figure 3 - operation of the underwater meter from the ship.

The inventive utility model includes an upper hydrostatic pressure sensor 1, a lower hydrostatic pressure sensor 2, spaced vertically from the upper sensor 1, for example, by means of a rigid connection 3, and a computing device 4, the inputs of which are connected to the outputs of sensors 1 and 2. Sensors 1 and 2 and computing device 4 can be combined in a sealed enclosure 5 (indicated by a dotted line in FIG. 1).

In the presence of the housing 5, a rigid connection 3 can be eliminated, and the housing 5 itself will perform its functions, on which the spaced sensors 1 and 2 are rigidly fixed to ensure contact with water.

Power supply of the device and exchange of information with consumers on the shore or the supply vessel can be carried out by cable, by sound transmission (not shown in the drawing), through a beacon. The computing device 4 may be located outside the hull 5, for example, on board the vessel.

Computing device 4 implements the dependencies:

H = f (P, γ, P _a ) and γ = F (ΔP, ΔH), where

H - depth, for example, according to the readings of the upper hydrostatic pressure meter.

γ is the specific gravity of water;

ΔН is the vertical distance between the hydrostatic pressure sensors;

ΔP = P ₂ -P ₁ ;

P ₂ , P ₁ - pressure determined respectively by the lower and upper sensors.

The presence of vertically spaced pressure sensors makes it possible to determine, in addition to the depth of installation, an additional parameter, the specific gravity of water, which increases the accuracy of determining depth and extends the functionality of the utility model.

The housing 5 for placement under water (Fig. 2) can be connected by a flexible connection 6 to the bottom dead anchor 7, which in turn is connected by the same flexible connection - a buirp 8 with a buoy 9, in which a power source can be placed, computing device 4, if it is not inside the hull 5, the communication line with the vessel, made in the form of a radio or hydroacoustic channel (not shown).

The electrical connection of the sensors 1 and 2 with the computing device 4 is carried out using a cable (not shown), attached to a flexible connection 6 and a buirp 8 using cable clamps. The housing 5 in the present embodiment is carried out with positive buoyancy, which, in combination with a flexible coupling 6, ensures vertical orientation of the housing 5. To take into account deviations from the vertical, a housing angle sensor can also be installed in housing 5 (not shown in the drawing). Flexible coupling 6 may be replaced by articulation.

The depth is determined in the computing device 4 by the formulas:

Where

P _a - atmospheric pressure;

h ₁ and h ₂ - the installation height of the sensors 1 and 2, respectively, above the bottom 10.

To take into account the temperature change in the dimensions of the rigid connection 3, the meter can be equipped with a temperature sensor, the output of which is connected to the corresponding input of the computing device (not shown in the drawing). In this case, the computing device 4 calculates the length ΔН of the rigid connection 6 between the pressure sensors 1 and 2 for a specific operating temperature t as

ΔН = ΔН ₀ [1 + α (tt ₀ )], where

ΔH ₀ - the distance between the sensors 1 and 2, measured at a temperature t ₀

α is the coefficient of linear expansion of the material of the rigid bond 3.

The computing device 4 according to the parameters ΔP and ΔH determines the specific gravity of water according to the formula:

This design of the utility model is operated as follows (figure 2).

A dead anchor 7 is lowered from the supply vessel (not shown in the drawing) by bailing 8, with the hull 5 attached to it by flexible connection 6 with sensors 1 and 2 installed in it, while simultaneously connecting a cable to the flexible connection 6 and the 8 buoyrp (in the drawing not shown) connecting the hull 5 to the buoy 9. During the dive, hydroacoustic pressures are measured at predetermined horizons, which determine the vertical distribution of the specific gravity of water.

After laying the dead anchor 7 on the ground, the buoy 9 is set up, then the necessary measurements are carried out in the interests of surveying, sonar testing, hydrographic studies, etc.

The lifting device is carried out in the reverse order.

The operation of the claimed device may be other than the above. So the hull 5 with sensors 1 and 2 can be lowered and raised using a crane 11 on a load-carrying cable 12 from the supply vessel 13 to the specified horizons to determine the vertical distribution of the specific gravity of water (figure 3). In this case, the hull should have negative buoyancy.

In addition, the housing 5 with sensors 1 and 2 can be mounted on a moving object, for example, on a deep-sea apparatus or stationary mounted on the bottom of a reservoir, for example, as part of an automatic bottom station. In this case, to better ensure verticality, it can be installed in a gimbal and equipped with a tilt angle sensor, the output of which is connected to the input of the computing device.

If the acceleration of gravity at the installation site of the underwater meter is known, then the water density ρ can be additionally calculated as .

To increase the information content of the meter, the number of hydrostatic pressure sensors spaced vertically can be increased.

Claims (4)

1. An underwater meter for the depth of the reservoir and the specific gravity of the water, characterized in that it comprises at least two hydrostatic pressure sensors and also a computing device fixed at a known vertical distance from each other, and the outputs of these sensors are connected to the inputs of the computing device . 2. The underwater meter according to claim 1, characterized in that it is equipped with a bottom anchor and flexible buoyancy connected thereto, with hydrostatic pressure sensors, and a buoy containing a computing device, as well as communication channels with hydrostatic pressure sensors and ship. 3. The underwater meter according to claim 1, characterized in that it is equipped with a body with negative buoyancy, in which hydrostatic pressure sensors are placed, the sensors being electrically connected to the computing device installed on the vessel by means of a load-carrying cable. 4. The underwater meter according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that it is equipped with a temperature sensor located in the zone of the hydrostatic pressure sensors, the output of which is connected to the input of the computing device.