RU63442U1 - FLOATING PLANT FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF DIAMOND-BEARING KIMBERLITE TUBES - Google Patents

Abstract

A floating installation for the development of diamondiferous kimberlite pipes, containing a dredging projectile with a hydraulic mining unit, connected by a floating slurry pipeline to an enrichment plant located on a pontoon, and connected by a floating slurry pipeline with an onshore main slurry pipeline. What is new is that the hydraulic extraction unit (3) of the dredging projectile (1) contains a centrally located central rock-forming pressure pipe and a pulp discharge pipe (5) covering it. The concentration plant (2) contains a disintegration unit (6), a classification unit (7) and a primary enrichment unit (8) with refinement.

1 n.p.f., 4 ill.

Description

The utility model relates to the mining industry, namely to the open development of kimberlite diamondiferous pipes. The most successful real utility model can be used to develop diamondiferous kimberlite pipes in the European North of Russia and in particular in the Arkhangelsk region.

From Russian patent No. 2258810, an installation is known for the development of diamondiferous kimberlite pipes in difficult hydrogeological conditions of permafrost. The installation contains a floating dredger with an airlift connected to an outlet sloping slurry pipe extending beyond the quarry above the ore body of the kimberlite pipe. The slurry pipeline is connected with an enrichment factory located on the surface of the earth. The quarry is filled with sub-permafrost high-pressure brine. To do this, from the bottom of a pre-selected quarry in the center of the kimberlite pipe pass a large diameter well to a final depth of mining. An inclined shaft is being constructed, which is connected to a large diameter well at the level of the final working depth. A large diameter well and an inclined shaft are equipped with skip hoists. The skip lift is connected with a ore storage depot located on the surface of the earth near the processing plant. After performing a skip hoist in an inclined shaft and a central well, a sub-permafrost high-pressure brine is let into the quarry. On the surface of the brine is the aforementioned floating dredger with airlift and suction tip. A bulldozer-ripper is placed at the bottom of the reservoir.

Installation works as follows.

A bulldozer-ripper loosens rocky kimberlites partially weakened by brine by spiral approaches, starting from the wellhead of a large diameter to the final boundary of the horizon. Moreover, for better destruction of kimberlites, the spiral-shaped passages of the bulldozer are oriented in two opposite directions. Then, using the airlift dredger, the resulting fine fraction is extracted and transported through a slurry pipeline to the concentration plant. Larger fractions of ore, which did not pass the airlift, are fed with a bulldozer to the wellhead, through which the ore, under its own weight, first gets to the gate valves of the well, and then it is loaded into the skips of the lift. Skips deliver ore along an inclined shaft to an ore warehouse. Ore crushing of ore is carried out at the warehouse. Finely divided ore goes to a concentration plant.

The installation has a complex structure and contains a large number of high-energy equipment. In addition, the installation is applicable only for the development of permafrost kimberlites in difficult hydrogeological conditions.

The closest analogue of the claimed utility model is a floating installation described in Russian patent No. 2081321. The installation contains a watercraft consisting of two modules of a floating dredger projectile and a floating concentration plant. The dredger and the processing plant are equipped with a multitude of hydro-mining units, consisting of hydraulic monitor bombs and airlift columns. The processing equipment of the processing plant is installed according to the experience of layout of diamond-extraction dredges developing alluvial deposits. The dredger is connected by a floating slurry pipeline to a floating processing plant. Dump

the tailings are diverted from the floating processing plant through a floating slurry pipeline connected to the land main pipeline, which ends in a pre-prepared tailing site limited by bulk dams. In front of the tailing pond at the end of the main slurry pipeline there is a condensation and filtering unit for the pulp. Near the tailing dump there is a water intake and a pumping station for recycled water supply associated with a dredger and an enrichment plant with pipelines for recycling water supply.

Before developing an alaziferous deposit, an antifiltration curtain is constructed along its circuit by drilling wells and filling them with grouting mortar. The construction of the tailings is carried out by excavating the soil over the ore body and pouring dams from it around the tailings outside the ore body. The ore body of the kimberlite pipe is marked into concentric blocks. A floating dredger and a floating processing plant are placed in a pit filled with water.

A floating installation for the development of diamondiferous kimberlite pipe works as follows. The extraction of the ore body is carried out by sequential mining of pre-marked vertical blocks of a kimberlite pipe, starting from the central block and from top to bottom. Working agents (high-pressure water and air) are supplied to the hydraulic mining units and proceed to hydraulic breaking, loosening, disintegration and erosion of the ore mass by high-pressure jets operating downward and laterally. The beaten-off ore mass is continuously or periodically pumped out by airlifts into the receiving devices of the dredger and concentration plant. From the dredger, the slurry flows through the floating pulp line to the floating processing plant

a factory.

The tailings of the processing plant through a floating slurry pipeline enter the ground-based main slurry pipeline, through which liquid tailings flow to the tailing dump. Before entering the tailings pond, tails enter the thickening and filtration unit. The clarified water is taken in by the water intake and the recycled water supply station is returned through the recycled water supply pipelines and returned to the dredger and the floating concentration plant, and the condensed liquid tailings are accumulated in the tailing dump.

The basis of this utility model was the task of developing a floating installation for the development of diamondiferous kimberlite pipes, in which the hydrodynamic aggregate of the dredger and the beneficiation plant would be made in such a way as to simplify the installation as a whole and reduce energy costs for the development of a kimberlite pipe, thereby reducing production costs diamonds.

The problem is achieved in that in a floating installation for the development of diamondiferous kimberlite pipes, containing an dredging projectile with a hydraulic mining unit, connected by a floating slurry pipeline with an enrichment plant located on the pontoon, connected by a floating slurry pipeline with an onshore main slurry pipeline, the new one is that the floating installation contains one hydraulic dredger-type aggregate, processing plant contains a number of centrifugal disintegrators, screens, at least one planetary mill rudorazbornye tables and X-ray luminescent separators.

Thanks to this solution, simplification of the design of the installation as a whole is achieved, energy consumption for the development of kimberlite is reduced

tubes due to which a reduction in the cost of diamond production is achieved.

Below the essence of the claimed utility model is explained in more detail by a detailed example of its implementation with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

figure 1 shows a diagram of the processing of kimberlite ore using the inventive floating installation;

figure 2 shows a block diagram of a concentration plant.

The inventive floating installation in the simplest embodiment is as follows. As shown in figure 1, the open pit is flooded with groundwater. In the open pit water area there is a floating vessel consisting of two modules - a floating dredging projectile 1 and a floating processing plant 2. The dredger 1 has a hydraulic mining unit 3, lowered to the bottom on the frame 4. Given the low strength of the kimberlite ore pipes, for the development of which the installation can be used, a hydraulic unit 3 containing a central rock-forming pressure pipe and a pulp discharge pipe 5 surrounding it, with which the dredger 1 is connected to the processing plant 2. When developing a floating installation Kimberlite ore more durable gidrodobychnoy unit 3 may be configured as an airlift gidrodobychnogo unit gidrodobychnym similar units used in the prior art. If necessary, the floating installation can be made in the form of a single floating unit, on which the dredger 1 and the processing plant 2 are located.

Processing plant 2 (figure 2) contains one centrifugal disintegrator 6 and a single-sieve screen 7, forming a disintegration unit. The oversize space of the screen 7 is connected with the second centrifugal disintegrator 8, to which the one-sieve is connected

rumble 9 forming a second disintegration unit. The oversize space of the screen 9 is connected with a planetary mill 10 of deep abrasion. The planetary mill 10 is connected with a multi-sieve screen 11. The over-sieve spaces of the screen 11, depending on the size of the fractions separated by them, are connected with picking tables 12 and X-ray luminescent separators 13. Planetary mill 10, multi-sieve screen 11, ore picking tables 12 and X-ray luminescent . Fine fractions (fineness of 1.6 mm or less), separated at all screens, form the tailings, diverted from the processing plant through a floating pulp line 14 (figure 1).

The floating slurry line 14 is connected to the onshore main slurry line 15. The onshore main slurry line 15 is connected to a dewatering centrifuge 16. The dehydrated tailings with an estimated moisture content of 15-20% enter the tailings warehouse through an elevator 17, from where they are subsequently taken away for use in the production of building materials. The filtrate from the dewatering centrifuge 16 is returned back to the quarry. Part of the moisture remaining in the tailings after centrifugation additionally leaves them due to drainage through the drainage channels 18. If necessary, the number of disintegration units and enrichment and finishing units may be more than the above.

The inventive installation operates as follows.

The development of the kimberlite pipe is carried out by successive reciprocating movements of the hydraulic mining unit 3 of the dredger 1 (Fig. 1) over the entire area of the kimberlite pipe. Low-strength kimberlite pipe ore (Protodyakonov strength coefficient - not more than 1.6) with high

the content of the clay fraction is easily washed away by the hydraulic mining unit 3 of the dredger 1 and is fed to the floating processing plant 2 through the slurry discharge pipe 5.

The pulp received from the dredger is fed to the first disintegrator 6. The mixture disintegrated by it is fed to a two-sieve screen 7, where it is divided into two fractions with particle sizes from 1.6 mm to 50 mm and less than 1.6 mm. From the oversize space of the screen 7, the fraction allocated by it enters the second disintegrator 8, where the fraction is re-disintegrated. From the disintegrator 8, the mixture enters a screen 9, which predominantly emits a fraction of less than 1.6 mm, and a fraction larger than 1.6 mm enters the planetary mill 10, where deep abrasion of the material occurs with almost 100% diamond preservation. From the planetary mill 10, the material enters the multi-grid screen 11, where the final separation of fractions by size occurs. Fractions with a particle size of 50 to 4 mm are fed to picking tables 12, and fractions with a particle size of 4 to 1.6 mm are fed to X-ray luminescent separators 13. On tables 12 and in the separators 13, 100% of all diamonds fed to the beneficiary pulp are separated. a factory.

Fractions separated by screens 7, 9 and 11 with a particle size of less than 1.6 mm form tails that are discharged from the processing plant 2 via a floating pulp line 14 (Fig. 1) to an onshore pulp pipe 15. From the pipe 15, the tails enter a dewatering centrifuge 16, where their dehydration occurs up to 15-20% moisture content. Dehydrated tails elevator 17 are fed to the tailings warehouse. The filtrate from the centrifuge 16 is returned back to the quarry. In the tailings warehouse, they are further dehydrated by drainage. Eye-catching residues

moisture returns through drainage channels 18 back to the quarry. Thus, almost dry fractions with a particle size of less than 1.6 mm remain in the warehouse, which are taken from the warehouse for successful use in the production of building materials. Thus, when using the inventive floating installation for the development of diamondiferous kimberlite pipes, it is not necessary to create bulky and environmentally hazardous tailings that require constant monitoring of their safety.

From the above specific examples of the implementation of the claimed utility model for each specialist in this field, the possibility of its implementation with the solution of the task is quite obvious. It is also obvious that during its implementation minor changes can be made, which, however, will not go beyond the scope of the utility model, which are determined by the utility model formula given below.

Installation is simple in design and reliable in operation. During its operation, very small energy inputs are required, which reduces the cost of diamond mining. The processing plant used in it contains a minimum amount of processing equipment. This ensures 100% diamond recovery. When using the installation, the creation of tailings hazardous to the environment is not required, and the resulting dry tailings can be successfully used in the production of building materials.

Claims (1)

A floating installation for the development of diamondiferous kimberlite pipes, comprising a dredging projectile with a hydraulic mining unit, connected by a floating slurry pipeline with an enrichment plant located on a pontoon, connected by a floating slurry pipeline with an onshore main slurry pipeline, characterized in that the floating installation contains one hydraulic mining unit, a dredging unit centrifugal disintegrators, screens, at least one planetary mill, picking tables and rentgen minestsentnye separators.