RU61796U1 - COMBINED POWER PLANT WITH SEPARATED GAS FLOWS - Google Patents

Abstract

The proposal relates to mechanical engineering, namely to engine building, and can be used to obtain additional effective power of the power plant, including an internal combustion engine with a compressor and an air motor with external heat supply. The combined power plant with separated gas flows contains: an internal combustion engine 1, the shaft of which is connected through the first clutch 2 to the compressor 3, the shaft of which is connected through the second clutch 4 to the crankshaft 5 of the air motor 6. The exhaust pipe 7 of the internal combustion engine 1 is connected to the catalytic a converter 8, which is made in one housing with a heat accumulator 9. The heat accumulator 9 is connected through a pipe 10 to a pneumatic engine 6, which has a cylinder 11 with a crankcase ohm 12, a piston 13 with a connecting rod 14 and a crankshaft 5. At the bottom of the cylinder 11 of the air motor 6 there are an outlet 15 and an inlet 16 of the window. In the upper part of the cylinder 11, a heating jacket 17 is made and a valve 18 for supplying compressed air is placed. A distribution valve 19 is installed in the pipeline 10 to control the flow of hot gases between the cylinder 11 and the heating jacket 17. The compressor 3 is connected by a pipe 20 to the balloon 21 and the control valve 22, which controls the air supply to the valve 18. 1 pp f-ly, 1 ill.

Description

The proposal relates to mechanical engineering, namely to engine building, and can be used to obtain additional effective power of the power plant, including an internal combustion engine with a compressor and an air motor with external heat supply.

Known engines with an external supply of heat for utilization of the heat of the exhaust gases of the internal combustion engine.

An engine for utilizing the heat of exhaust gases of an internal combustion engine with an exploded, regulated supply of heat (Rudnev VV, Khasanova ML and others. A steam engine for utilizing the heat of exhaust gases of an internal combustion engine with an exploded, adjustable supply of heat: Utility Model Patent No. 33163 issued October 10, 2003) comprising: a crankcase with a cylinder in which a piston with a crank mechanism moves. At the bottom of the cylinder there are exhaust and inlet windows. A heating jacket is made in the upper part of the cylinder and a controlled nozzle for supplying water is placed. A catalytic converter is installed at the inlet to increase the temperature of the exhaust gas of the internal combustion engine and a heat exchanger for heating water, behind which a distribution valve is installed to control the flow of exhaust gases between the cylinder and the heating jacket.

The disadvantage of this engine is the relatively low resource of the nozzle providing water supply to the cylinder, stringent requirements for the stability of high temperatures of the exhaust gases of the internal combustion engine, if not fulfilled, intensive vaporization with a significant change in the volume of water injected into the cylinder is not provided.

A power plant is also known (Kukis BC, Hasanova M.L., Rudnev V.V. et al. Combined engine: Utility Model Patent No.36862 Patent, issued 01.12.2003), containing an internal combustion engine piston engine and a compressor for pumping air into cylinders piston internal combustion engine, which is driven by a hydraulic motor, operating due to the energy of the liquid coming from the circulation pump, driven by the heat of the exhaust gases of the piston internal combustion engine.

The disadvantage of this combined engine is the relatively low efficiency due to hydraulic losses in the hydraulic drive.

This engine design is the closest to the proposed technical essence and is taken as a prototype.

The objective of the proposal is to increase the efficiency of the combined power plant.

The solution to this problem is achieved by the fact that the power plant contains a compressor, the shaft of which is connected through the first clutch to the shaft of the internal combustion engine, and through the second clutch is connected to the shaft of the air motor with an external heat supply, from which the power of the power plant is removed. The compressor pumps compressed air into the cylinder, from which, depending on the need, compressed air is supplied to the cylinder of the pneumatic engine through the control valve, where, when connected to hot gases, it does the job. For afterburning fuel and accumulating heat of exhaust gases, a catalytic converter with a heat accumulator is installed between the internal combustion engine exhaust pipe and the pneumatic engine inlet pipe with external heat supply.

An analysis of the proposed solution and the known ones allows us to conclude that it meets the patentability conditions of the utility model. The proposal is illustrated in the figure (figure 1), which shows the basic structure of a combined power plant with separated flows

gases.

The proposed combined power plant with separated gas flows comprises: an internal combustion engine 1, the shaft of which is connected through the first clutch 2 to the compressor 3, the shaft of which is connected through the second clutch 4 to the crankshaft 5 of the air motor 6. The exhaust pipe 7 of the internal combustion engine 1 is connected to a catalytic converter 8, which is made in one housing with a heat accumulator 9. The heat accumulator 9 is connected through a pipe 10 to a pneumatic engine 6, which has NDR 11 with a crankcase 12, a piston 13 with a connecting rod 14 and a crankshaft 5 In the lower part of the cylinder 11 of the air motor 6 there are exhaust 15 and inlet 16 windows. In the upper part of the cylinder 11, a heating jacket 17 is made and a valve 18 for supplying compressed air is placed. A distribution valve 19 is installed in the pipeline 10 to control the flow of hot gases between the cylinder 11 and the heating jacket 17. The compressor 3 is connected by a pipe 20 to the balloon 21 and the control valve 22, which controls the air supply to the valve 18.

The proposed combined power plant with separated gas flows operates in three modes:

The first mode is economical, load up to 30%:

The internal combustion engine 1 continuously operates in a steady economic mode, transmitting power through the included first clutch 2 to the compressor 3, which pumps air into the cylinder 21, where it accumulates. Second clutch 4 is disabled.

The exhaust gases of the internal combustion engine 1 enter the catalytic converter 8, when passing through which their temperature rises, then they enter the heat accumulator 9, where at high temperature of the exhaust gases part of the heat is lost

the working fluid of the heat accumulator 9, and at low temperature it gives off heat to the gases from the working fluid.

After the heat accumulator 9, hot gases, depending on the operating mode of the air motor 6, are distributed between the heating jacket 17 and the inlet window 15 by means of a distribution flap 19.

At the moment when the piston 13 is at bottom dead center, the upper inlet 15 and outlet 16 of the window are open. The working fluid, which has a pressure greater than atmospheric at the end of the expansion, exits through the exhaust port 16 into the atmosphere due to the pressure difference, and hot gases from the heat accumulator 9 are supplied to the cylinder through the inlet port 15 from the distribution valve 19. Their pressure is greater than atmospheric and pressure in the cylinder 11, therefore, the “purge” of the inner cylinder space is carried out, it is cleaned of the spent working fluid and the free space is filled. The piston 13 begins to move from the bottom dead center to the top, first the outlet 16, and then the inlet 15 of the window closes, after which the compression of the hot gases above the piston 13 begins. At the end of the compression process, compressed air is introduced into the hot gases through valve 18, mixing of which with hot gases leads to subsequent intensive expansion, and the reciprocating movement of the piston 13 is converted into rotational movement of the crankshaft 5. The compressed air supply to the valve 18 is controlled by a control valve 22.

The second mode - maximum power:

The internal combustion engine 1 generates maximum power, the moment is transmitted through the first clutch 2 to the compressor 3 and through the second clutch 4 to the pneumatic engine 6 which generates maximum power and from it to the load.

When reducing the speed of the crankshaft of the pneumatic engine, the distribution flap 19, directs most of the gases to

heating jacket 17. Due to thermal energy there is an additional heating of the walls of the inner cylinder space of the pneumatic engine and, consequently, an increase in the power generated by this engine.

The third mode - recovery:

The internal combustion engine 1 does not work, the first clutch 2 is turned off. The torque is transmitted from the load to the pneumatic engine 6 which is connected through the second friction clutch 4 to the compressor 3. Compressor 3 pumps air to replenish the cylinder 21.

Compared with the prototype, the proposed combined power plant with separated gas flows has a much higher efficiency, since energy recovery and increase in the power of the pneumatic engine are possible due to the additional heating of the intake compressed air and cylinder walls with hot gases.

Claims (1)

Combined power plant with separated gas flows, containing an internal combustion engine and connected to it through an exhaust manifold and a heat accumulator, a pneumatic engine with external heat supply, operating on a push-pull cycle and containing a cylinder with inlet and outlet windows, characterized in that the catalytic converter is connected to heat accumulator, pneumatic motor with air supply valve and control valve with cylinder and compressor driven via friction s from the internal combustion engine and of the air motor.