RU57299U1 - FISHING - Google Patents

Abstract

Usage: fish passage provides the passage of fish through hydraulic structures in both directions. The essence of the technical solution: fish passage includes located one above the other in risers 3 and 4 pools. Pools located in one of the risers are shifted in height relative to the pools of a nearby riser. All pools of the fish passage are connected in series with each other by tapers tapering in the direction of movement of water. Each pool is connected to the nearest pool of the opposite riser by rows of inlet and outlet water trays 5 and 6. The rows of trays in and out of water adjoin the walls of the pools facing the opposite riser and alternate with each other on a common line adjoining the pool. The exception is the upper and lower basins. Only the water-draining trays adjoin the upper basin, and only the water-supply trays are adjacent to the lower. The rows of inlets and outlets to any basin of the pool distribute the inflow and outflow of water across the entire width of the basin in several streams, which eliminates the possibility of a whirlpool, and the alternation of oncoming inlet and outlet streams mutually quenches their energy, ensuring constant speed and flow rate at any mark of the fish passage. These indicators bring the conditions of fish passage along the fish passage closer to the natural ones.

Description

The utility model relates to hydraulic engineering, namely to fish passage facilities that allow fish in reservoirs, during migration, to overcome water barriers, for example, dams, both upstream and downstream.

Known tray fish passages made in the form of quick currents of rectangular cross section with a slope of the bottom (see Hydrotechnical structures, part 2 under the editorship of prof. M.M. Grishin, M., Higher School, pp. 131-132). Tray fish passages are used on dams 5-7 m high.

Closest to the declared solution is a fish-passage by boat (see Hydrotechnical Structures, Part 2, edited by Prof. M.M. Grishin, M., Higher School, p. 132). Pond fish passage is made in the form of a series of pools in the area adjacent to the hydraulic structure, while the pools are interconnected by channels with a slope. The disadvantage of Prudkovy fish passages is their bulkiness in plan, their use on dams up to 30 m high. Powerful, disorienting whirlpools form in the fish pass pools.

The proposed technical solution increases the efficiency of the fish passage. This is achieved by ensuring the passage of fish through hydraulic structures of any height and in both directions.

This goal is achieved by the fact that the pools are located in two vertical or inclined (along the dam profile) risers,

one pool under another. In each riser, the pools are displaced relative to each other in height and sequentially connected to each other by the supply and discharge water rows of sloping trays, tapering towards the exit of the water from them. In this case, the trays of the row water supplying to any pool alternate with the trays of the row water discharge from the same pool on the common wall of the adjoining of the trays to the pool. The rows of trays distribute the inflow and outflow of water across the entire width of the pool, which eliminates the possibility of a whirlpool in it, and the quenching of the energy of the water by opposing, intermittent flows ensures constant water flow rates and water flow at any mark of the fish passage.

Figure 1 shows a top view of the fish passage

Figure 2 is a cross section of a fish passage.

1 - body of the dam, 2 - pools, 3, 4 - risers. The rows of trays 5 are water inlet for pools of the riser 4 and outlet for pools of the riser 3. The rows of trays 6 inlet for the riser 3 and discharge for the riser 4. The upper pool 7 is connected by bypass trays 8 through the storage bins 9 to the upper pool of the hydraulic structure. The hopper through the feed pipe 10 is connected to the pump 11 forming a system of water intake from the upper pool of the hydraulic structure. In addition, the hopper has a water discharge tray 12 with a shutter 13 and a shutter 14, regulating the supply of water to the fish collection tray 15.

During the migration period, the fish, moving against the river, in the downstream, attracted by streams of water from the stalls of the fish passage, will continue its movement in the stalls, towards these streams.

Having reached any pool, the fish, having rested, overcomes the next row of water flows from the overlying pool of the opposite riser. From the upper basin 7, the fish flows through the overflow trays 8 into the waters of the upper pool. Trays 8 can be located in the body of the dam at the point at which the outflow of water from the upstream, at its variable level, will be necessary and sufficient for the fish passage. It is also possible to move fish from the upper basin 7 along the trays 8 into the storage bins 9, of which there may be several that work by calculation. Through pipes 10, water is supplied to the bunkers by pumps 11. When fish accumulate in one of the bins, the shutter 13 closes and, at the same time, the shutter 14 opens, through which water with accumulated fish is washed off to the upper pool. To pass the fish from the upper pool to the lower bunkers 9 are lowered into the water to a level at which water will fill the hopper by gravity, in trays 15. The fish, rafting along the trays 15, accumulates in the bunker. To increase the amount of accumulated fish in the hopper, water from it can be pumped out through filters (not shown in the drawing). Then the bunker rises, and the water with the fish merges through the bypass trays into the fish passage.

The correct selection of all parameters of the pools and trays of the fish passage will ensure any throughput for any type of fish.

Claims (2)

1. A fish passage, characterized in that it contains pools located on the downstream side of the hydraulic structure and placed one above the other with the formation of two risers pools and at least one bypass tray with a shutter located between the upper and lower pools of the hydraulic structure, while the pools of the opposite risers are shifted in height , communicated sequentially oblique, tapering in the direction of water movement and placed along the width of the pools in rows of inlet and outlet water trays adjacent to facing each other in opposite the risers to the walls of the pools, while the wide parts of the trays adjoin the wall of the upper basin, the narrow parts of the lower wall, and in the pools located between them, the wide and narrow parts of the trays alternate on the adjoining wall. 2. The fish passage according to claim 1, characterized in that it has at least one storage hopper mounted movably relative to the vertical axis of the hydraulic structure from the upstream side, while the hopper has a fish collection tray, a water intake system and a water discharge tray with a shutter, and a bypass the tray is installed with the possibility of communication of the hopper with the upper pool of the riser.