RU2166022C1 - Dam-free intake works - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: hydraulic engineering; water intake from downhill and upland reaches of river. SUBSTANCE: intake works has water intake with canal, silt extractor with circulating sill, regulating spur, intake pocket formed by intake spur and water bank upstream of intake works, and river bank downstream of intake works. Silt extractor is made at intake pocket end and has spur arranged in parallel with river bank downstream of water intake. Water-intake spur bench is made level with water surface in pocket at maximal rated channel discharge during low water discharge periods of river. Silt extractor spur bench is made level with water intake top. EFFECT: reduced amount of silt discharged to water intake canal. 1 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to the field of hydraulic engineering, namely to water intake structures in the foothill and mountain sections of rivers.

 Known damless water intake containing a water intake device, a washing device for flushing sediment deposits with a circulation threshold, a control spur, a pocket of a water intake device formed by a spur of a water intake structure and a river bank, and shore fastening behind a water intake device / 1 /.

 The disadvantage of this damless water intake is an increase in the volume of bottom and suspended sediments entering the water intake device, with an increase in water flow in the river and a simultaneous increase in their deposits behind the washing device, worsening the quality of its operation.

 The problem to which the invention is directed, is to reduce the flow of sediment into the pocket of the water intake device while increasing the efficiency of washing away their deposits behind the washing device.

 The aim of the invention is to increase the reliability of the intake device by reducing the amount of sediment entering its channel.

 This goal is achieved by the fact that the damless water intake containing a water intake device with a channel, a washing device for washing sediment deposits with a circulation threshold, a regulation spur, a pocket of the water intake device formed by the spur of the water intake device and the river bank in front of the water intake device, and the river bank behind the water intake device has a washing device made at the end of the pocket of the water intake device, equipped with a spur parallel to the river bank behind the water intake device, and the berm the spurs of the water intake device are made at the level of the water horizon in the pocket at the maximum estimated flow rate of the channel during the low-flow period of the river flow, and the berm of the spurs of the washing device is made at the top of the water intake device.

 The technical result is obtained by overflowing the upper layers of water into the pocket of the water intake device through the berm of its spur with an increase in water flow in the river. At the same time, the water level in the pocket increases, reducing the flow of water saturated with sediment through the inlet section of the pocket, and clarified water with increased nanotransporting ability is discharged through the washing device, which ensures the washing off of previously deposited sediment. At the same time, this area does not receive sediment-saturated water from a section of the river below the location of the receiving device.

 The drawing shows a damless water intake.

 Damless water intake on river 1 consists of a water intake device 2 with a channel 3, a washing device 4 with a circulation threshold 5, a control spur 6, a pocket 7 of a water intake device 2 formed by a spur 8 of a water intake device 2 and a river bank 9 in front of the water intake device 2, a river bank 10 after the intake device 2, the spurs 11 of the washing device 4, and the spur 8 has a berm 12, and the spur 11 has a berm 13.

 Damless water intake works as follows.

 The intake of the maximum estimated flow rate by the water intake device 2 at low flow rates of the river 1 is provided by a regulatory spur 6 and the spur 8 of the water intake device 2, which creates a horizon in the pocket 7 of the water intake device 2, which provides the estimated water flow to the water intake device 2 and channel 3. Placement of the burs 12 of the spur 8 water intake device 2 at the level of the water horizon in the pocket 7 of the water intake device 2 prevents water loss from the pocket 7 of the water intake device 2 at low water horizons in the river 1.

 With an increase in water flow in river 1, sediment transport begins and enters into pocket 7 of the intake device 2, where they settle behind the circulation threshold 5 and are carried off to the lower pool of the damless intake when opening the openings of the washing device 4, partially settling along the path due to a decrease in speed flow when it spreads behind the washer 4.

 With a further increase in water flow in the river 1 below the regulatory spur 6, the water level becomes higher than the berm 12 of the spur 8 of the water intake device 2 and the water begins to flow through the berm 12 of the spur 8 into pocket 7, decreasing the flow rate taken from river 1. It simultaneously flow rate in the inlet section of the pocket 7 reduces the number of collected bottom sediment. On the other hand, clarified water overflows through the spur 8, and with an increase in the throughput of the washing device 4, the flow rate increases when approaching the circulation threshold 5, increasing the transport of sediment. At the same time, their concentration decreases, since through the spur 8 overflow the purest layers of the river 1 water.

 The reduced content of sediment in the water discharged through the washing device 4 makes it possible to transport it between the shore 10 and the spur 11 of the washing device 4, which is also facilitated by the increased water velocity behind the washing device 4, since it is determined by the water level in the river 1 at the end of the washing spur 11 device 4, and not at the beginning in the zone of its adjacency to the washing device 4.

 To prevent overflow of water from the river 1 through the berm 13 of the spur 11 of the washing device 4, it is arranged at the top of the water intake device, determined by the reliable operation of the damless water intake until the flood of the calculated provision.

Sources of information
1. Waterworks. Textbook edited by N.P. Rozanov. M., Agropromizdat, 1985, fig. 11.5 (prototype).

Claims (1)

 A damless water intake containing a water intake device with a channel, a washing device for washing sediment deposits with a circulation threshold, a control spur, a pocket of a water intake device formed by a water intake device spur and a river bank in front of the water intake device, the river bank behind the water intake device, characterized in that the washing device at the end of the pocket of the water intake device and is equipped with a spur parallel to the shore behind the water intake device, and the berm of the spur of the water intake device and formed on the water horizon level in the pocket at the maximum design flow channel in the low-flow period River costs, and the washer berm spurs formed at the top of the water intake unit.