RU55528U1 - UNIT DISC SOIL PROCESSING - Google Patents

Abstract

The inventive utility model relates to the field of agricultural engineering, in particular to tillage tools with passive rotary disk organs, and can be used in agriculture for plowing, post-harvest and pre-sowing tillage, as well as steaming. The objective of the utility model is to improve soil cultivation, reduce energy intensity and increase the reliability of the structure. This is achieved by uniformly deepening each disk into the soil, due to the operation of the spring block, which allows you to copy the topography of the soil and removes the shock load from the load-bearing structural elements, increasing its reliability. The increased, in comparison with analogs, interdisk distance prevents its clogging by soil. Reducing the energy intensity of the processing process is achieved by sparseness of the discs and minimal rolling resistance, which determines the design of the hub. Compared with analogues, the utility model has an increased angle of attack and cutting of the discs, which improves the quality of the soil treatment, and a dynamically changing angle of cutting allows you to choose the optimal mode of soil treatment. Thus, the unit provides high-quality tillage by shifting, crumbling and mixing the cultivated soil layer. The unit allows you to reduce the energy intensity of the processing process by uniformly deepening the disks into the soil. 4 ill.

Description

The inventive utility model relates to the field of agricultural engineering, in particular to tillage tools with passive rotary disk organs, and can be used in agriculture for plowing, post-harvest and pre-sowing tillage, as well as steaming. Known disk tillage implement (RU 2185044 C2, A 01 B 21/08, 07/20/2002), consisting of their frame, on which are mounted transverse bars, bearings with racks and spherical disks installed in them. The modernized disk harrow (BDM) is also known, consisting of a frame, a running carriage, a leveling and adjustment mechanism, a hydraulic system, a cutting unit and a mechanism for setting the angle of the disks.

The disadvantages of the known aggregates are unsatisfactory tillage, clogging of the inter-disk distance, increased energy intensity of the processing process and insufficient reliability of the design.

The objective of the utility model is to eliminate the above disadvantages, namely, improving soil cultivation, reducing energy intensity and increasing the reliability of the structure. This is achieved by uniformly deepening each disk into the soil, due to the operation of the spring block, which allows you to copy the topography of the soil and removes the shock load from the load-bearing structural elements, increasing its reliability. The increased, in comparison with analogs, interdisk distance prevents its clogging by soil. Reducing the energy intensity of the processing process is achieved by sparseness of the discs and minimal rolling resistance, which determines the design of the hub. Compared with analogues, the utility model has an increased angle of attack and

cutting of the discs, which improves the quality of soil cultivation, and a dynamically changing angle of cutting allows you to choose the optimal mode of tillage.

The essence of the utility model is illustrated by drawings. Figure 1 shows the inventive aggregate disk tillage, top view; figure 2 schematically shows the arrangement of rows of disks and shown with this arrangement, the formation of the profile of the bottom of the furrow; figure 3 profile racks with a cutting angle, part of the frame and the spring block; figure 4 is the front of the rack.

The soil cultivating disc assembly contains a frame 1 in the form of transverse beams connected to each other and additional sections 2, controlled by hydraulics 3 and connected to the frame by loops. Racks 4 are mounted on the frame, on which hubs with spherical disks are mounted 5. The disks are mounted on racks with a constant horizontal angle of attack α equal to 23 degrees. Racks with disks are made in four rows, of which 1 with 3 and 2 with 4 paired. Each subsequent disk is displaced in the transverse direction relative to the previous one in the direction of the interdisc strip of soil that has not been processed by the first row of disks. The magnitude of this displacement for the second row of discs is equal to the value that determines the overlap of the treated soil from the center of the center distance of the discs to the sector processed by the first row of discs. The third row is displaced, relative to the first half of the center distance, towards the untreated first disk of the soil, and the fourth row is displaced similarly to the second, relative to the third row. In the upper parts of the uprights 4 mounted nodes of vertical movement 6, which in turn are connected to the frame. In the opposite direction to the movement, spring blocks 7 are mounted, connected to struts 4 and frame 1 with additional sections 2. Spherical disks 5 are installed with a constant angle ′ α and a dynamically changing angle β (see FIG. 4). To change the cutting angle depending on the load, it is provided

the spring block 7, by moving the rack 4 in the direction opposite to the movement. For transportation, a wheelbase 8 and a drawbar 9 are provided.

The unit disk tillage works as follows. The soil cultivating disc unit attached to the propulsion device, for example, to the tractor by the drawbar 9, is lowered onto the soil from the wheelbase 8 using hydraulics 3, while sections 2 are installed in the lowered position. When the tractor moves in a sequential chain of four-row discs, they process their sector equal to the inter-disc distance on one row.

During movement, the spring block performs oscillatory movements of longitudinal compression - decompression, allowing each disk to be deepened to the same depth (copy the topography of the soil), simultaneously dampen the impacts of an uneven surface and change the angle of cutting of the disk depending on the soil resistance.

Thus, the unit provides high-quality tillage by shifting, crumbling and mixing the cultivated soil layer. The unit allows you to reduce the energy intensity of the processing process by uniformly deepening the disks into the soil.

Claims (1)

Tillage disc unit, including a frame with transverse bars and additional sections, on which are mounted vertical racks with axes of vertical movement and axes of the hubs with spherical disks, made with the possibility of vertical movement by means of spring blocks connected to the racks and frame, characterized in that each the subsequent row of discs is arranged to till the soil in the opposite direction and overlaps the surface of the previous row, while the discs made with an increased interdisk distance, not changing angle of attack of 23 ° and dynamically changing angle of cutting.