RU54339U1 - TRACTION UNIT - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model “Trailer hitch” refers to the field of automotive industry and can be used in trucks and road trains. The design of fastening and shock absorption of the hook of the towing device is made in the form of two body cups rigidly fixed on the rear cross member of the car frame with elastic shock absorption elements (buffers) and clamping covers installed in them. The hook installed in the openings of the body cups, buffers and lids is tightened with a nut, ensuring its gap-free connection. The application of the proposed design of the towing device ensures smooth running of the train, reduces shock loads on the tractor’s transmission, eliminates the need for lubrication of the elements of the towing device, reduces the complexity of maintenance, which improves both the reliability and durability of the towing device and improves the operating conditions of the trailer generally.

Description

FIELD OF TECHNOLOGY TO WHICH A USEFUL MODEL IS

The utility model "Trailer hitch" refers to the field of automotive and can be used in trucks.

BACKGROUND

Known towing and towing devices used in trucks of the KamAZ family (see. Catalog of parts and assembly units of KamAZ vehicles, Novosibirsk, NPO Modus, 1996, p. 33, Fig. 120; “KamAZ vehicles of type 6 × 6” , Operation manual 4310 - 390 2003 RE, M., "Engineering", 1989, p. 115, Fig. 74; "KamAZ vehicles of type 6x4", Operation manual 5320 - 390 2004 RE, M., "Engineering", 1994, p. 118, fig. 80).

The closest to the utility model in terms of features is a towing device (see KamAZ Automobiles. Catalog of parts and assembly units, Naberezhnye Chelny, 2002, p. 227, Fig. 120) of the hook-loop type consisting (see Fig. 1) of a hook and two flanges with an elastic element (buffer), placed in a massive cylindrical body with a lid mounted on the rear cross member of the car frame.

The disadvantages of the closest analogue include the following:

- when operating a car with a loaded trailer, the free axial movement of the drawbar of the trailer relative to the tractor reaches 50 mm or more, which creates an impact load on the tractor during maneuvers, impairing the handling and road safety of it and the train as a whole.

In addition, with prolonged use and drying of the rubber shock absorber (buffer), the axial movement of the towbar hook increases, which leads to even greater free movement of the trailer relative to the tractor. To eliminate this drawback, it is necessary to disassemble the towing device and install additional gaskets between the flanges of the buffer, which increases the labor costs in servicing the car and complicates its operation as a whole.

ESSENCE OF A USEFUL MODEL

The objective of the claimed utility model is to eliminate the above disadvantages, increase the reliability and durability of the towing device and improve the operating conditions of the car as a whole.

The problem is solved by the development of the design of fastening and shock absorption of the hook of the towing device of a truck, consisting (see figure 2) of two body cups, rigidly mounted on the rear cross member of the vehicle frame. In the body cups there are two elastic elements of shock absorption (buffers), pressed on both sides by covers. Through the holes in the body cups, buffers and covers passes the hook of the towing device, which is tightened with a nut, providing its clearance-free connection.

The proposed design of the traction coupling device of the clearance-free connection ensures smooth running of the tractor with the trailer, eliminates the shock load on the undercarriage - the transmission of the tractor during movement.

In addition, the proposed design eliminates the need for lubrication of its elements and the installation of additional gaskets during maintenance during operation.

The application of the proposed design of the towing device allows to increase the smoothness of the road train, reduce shock loads on the tractor’s transmission, reduce the complexity of maintenance, which leads to increased reliability and durability of the towing device, as well as improving the operating conditions of the vehicle as a whole.

LIST OF FIGURES

The utility model "Trailer hitch" is illustrated in the drawings of figure 1 and figure 2.

They are shown, for greater clarity in sections, the details and layout of the towing device.

In the drawing of FIG. 1 shows an analog towing device comprising:

Pos.1 - elastic element of depreciation (buffer);

Pos.2 - buffer flanges;

Pos. 3 - housing;

pos.4 - cover;

Pos. 5 - hook.

The drawing of figure 2 shows the proposed trailer coupling device, comprising:

Pos. 1 - back case cover;

pos.2 - rear elastic element of depreciation (buffer);

Pos. 3 - rear case cup;

Pos.4 - front case cup;

pos.5 - front elastic element of depreciation (buffer);

pos.6 - front case cover;

pos.7 - hook;

pos.8 - hook nut.

INFORMATION CONFIRMING THE POSSIBILITY OF IMPLEMENTING A USEFUL MODEL

Trailer hitch, consisting (see Fig. 2) of a hook 7, mounted in the body cups, 3, 4, with elastic shock absorbers (buffers) 2 and 5, pressed through the body covers 1 and 6 with a nut 8. The body cups are rigidly fixed on the cross member of the car frame.

At the beginning of the movement of the tractor with the trailer, the force of the tractor is transmitted through the body cup 3, the elastic element (buffer) 2, the cover 1 to the hook 7 and then to the trailer. The elastic element 2, compressing and unclenching, provides a smooth ride of the trailer.

When braking the tractor, the inertia of the trailer through the hook 7, the cover 6 and the elastic element 5 is transmitted to the tractor frame. Squeezing and unclenching, the elastic element 5 reduces the impact load of the trailer on the tractor.

Working together, two elastic elements 2 and 5 ensure smooth running of the tractor and trailer, significantly reduce shocks and shock load on the transmission of the tractor, improving the handling and road safety of the road train as a whole.

The utility model “Traction hitch” can be manufactured in small batch and mass production using well-known equipment, accessories and materials.

Claims (1)

A towing hitch consisting of a hook with a clamping nut, characterized in that the hook is fastened and cushioned in the form of body cups rigidly fixed to the frame cross member, with elastic elements (buffers) and clamping covers providing its clearance-free connection.