RU53285U1 - THERMOMODULE FOR CLEANING CONTAMINATED OIL MASSES FROM WATER AND MECHANICAL IMPURITIES - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the purification of contaminated oil masses from water and solids. Contaminated oil masses accumulate in barns, in tanks at oil refineries, in land, on water, during oil emissions, and in emergency situations. The purpose of the utility model is to solve environmental problems by improving the quality of purification of contaminated oil masses from water and solids. The new one is that the thermal module consists of the upper and lower metalwork units, where a pumping unit is installed in the upper metalwork unit, the capacity for receiving and heating the oil mass to 70-90 ° C with four reactors for the evaporation of water from the oil mass surrounded by its perimeter, paired together, water is fed portionwise to each reactor through a special valve from the reservoir for receiving and heating the oil mass; a thermally insulated sludge tank of hot dehydrated contaminated is mounted in the lower block of the metal structure the oil mass coming into it from four water evaporation reactors, while the thermally insulated sludge tank of hot dehydrated oil mass is equipped with a special collector of mechanical sludge, an overflow tank for draining the contaminated oil mass, a pump, a batch tank with a strainer, in addition, thirty-six double-circuit heat burners with a supplying kerosene to twenty of them and with four angular containers supplying kerosene to the remaining twenty-four double-circuit thermal burners, a small storage tank, a buffer tank, a thermal pan of burning mechanical impurities, with two double-circuit thermo-burners and with a capacity for supplying kerosene to them were also mounted.

Description

The utility model relates to the purification of contaminated oil masses from water and solids. Contaminated oil masses accumulate in barns, in tanks at oil refineries, in land, on water, during oil emissions, and in emergency situations.

A known method of processing, the device and the use of hydrocarbon waste, including a tank for heating the mass, mixing waste with liquid fuel, dispersing the resulting mixture and supplying a water-fuel emulsion for combustion using nozzles.

(see patent No. 2204761 F 23 G 7/00, 2001).

The disadvantages of this design include the fact that this method and device is very expensive because a large amount of energy is spent on heating water, which is used as a coolant for liquefying the oil mass, given the large heat capacity of the water itself.

A device for dehydration of fuel oil sludge, consisting of a tank and a refrigerator, as well as heaters installed in the bottom of the tank.

(see patent No. 21252564 C 10 G 33/06, 1997)

The disadvantage is that the obtained degree of purification of oil from mechanical impurities and water does not allow the use of a secondary product without subsequent processing as a full-fledged market raw material.

A device and method for dehydration of heavy oil and bitumen, including filtering oil-water emulsions using a separator filter, a sump and heating elements.

(see patent 210132, C 10 G 33/06, 1995)

The disadvantage is that the efficiency of the use of filtration, centrifugation processes for the purification of contaminated oil mass with a high content of paraffins and sulfur is very low or simply impractical.

A known method and device for removing contaminants from petroleum products, including two high-pressure tanks in communication with a source of contaminated oil and solvent and optionally with a source of a flocculation-increasing reagent containing water or electrolyte, a desorption tank, a distillation column, a tank for collecting residues from the first and the second high-pressure vessel, a heating means for obtaining the current residual substance, as well as a mixing device.

(see patent No. 2140433, C 10 C 3/00, 1995)

The disadvantage is that the devices used are technically sophisticated and expensive. The cleaning method is so costly that it completely precludes the use of such devices. In addition, a no less difficult problem arises for the disposal of oily process water.

A known method and device for dehydration of oil, containing a container for heating the oil mass with burners and a plate separator.

(see patent No. 2123027, C 10 G 33/06, 1997)

The disadvantage is the poor quality of cleaning, and the process itself is so costly that it is more profitable for enterprises to pay any fines for the use of oil barns-grave diggers, as well as to store and accumulate oil refinery waste indefinitely, worsening environmental and fire safety every day.

The purpose of the utility model is to solve environmental problems by improving the quality of purification of contaminated oil masses from water and solids.

The problem is achieved in that the device is made in the form of a two-tier structure, including the upper block

metal structures and the lower block with equipment installed in them: a tank for receiving and heating oil mass up to 70-90 ° С, with a pumping unit, four paired water evaporation reactors, into which certain portions of a preheated oil mass come from a receiving and heating tank, through a special a valve where it is additionally heated to 100 ° C, which leads to the formation of a bubble mass and promotes the evaporation of water from liquid oil; a thermally insulated tank of sludge of hot dehydrated contaminated oil mass, to which portions of dehydrated and heated to 100 ° C oil mass are alternately drained from four water evaporation reactors, which ensures the maintenance of a thermally insulated tank of sludge at a temperature of 85-90 ° C, due to which there is an intensive process of precipitation of mechanical impurities in special collection of mechanical sludge. Upon reaching the appropriate level of clarified refined oil mass from a thermally insulated sludge tank, hot dehydrated, contaminated oil mass through an overflow tank, the “ONM” refined oil mass is evacuated to the tank. From the overflow tank, with the help of a pump, OHM is pumped into the tank the collector for the supply of refined oil. And then it merges from it into double-circuit thermo-burners (36 pieces), where, as the oil mass moves, in a preheated burner body, high-temperature cracking with the release of the gas energy component, which burns in the double-circuit thermo-burner, while providing thermal process energy this utility model.

After receiving, settling and draining about 5-8 servings of OHM from the thermally insulated sludge tank, the sludge is volumetric discharged from a special collection of mechanical sludge into a batch tank with a strainer, through which hot mechanical sludge is filtered and its liquid fraction enters two double-circuit thermo -burners through which it merges into a small storage tank, and the remnants of the mechanical sludge on the thermal particle of the burning of mechanical impurities are heated, ignited and burned to ash. Besides

a special collector of mechanical sludge into a batch container with a strainer, through which the hot mechanical sludge is filtered and its liquid fraction enters two double-circuit thermo-burners, through which it merges into a small storage tank, and the residual mechanical sludge on the thermowell of burning mechanical impurities is heated, ignited and burn to ash. In addition, thirty-six double-circuit thermo-burners with a collector for supplying kerosene to twelve of them and with four corner containers for supplying kerosene to the remaining twenty-four double-circuit thermo-burners were mounted. Here, a small storage tank, a buffer tank, a thermal pan of burning mechanical impurities with two double-circuit thermo-burners and a capacity for supplying kerosene to them are mounted, while all thirty-eight double-circuit thermal burners at the initial stage of the process burn on kerosene, until the first volume of refined oil mass, after which part of this mass enters the second circuit of the dual-circuit thermal burners, where a gas component is generated from it, which ignites, after which the supply of kerosene to the first The second circuit and the thermal process are carried out using our own energy product.

Comparative analysis with the prototype shows that the claimed utility model is characterized by the presence of a two-tier structure including the upper block of the metal structure and the lower block with the equipment mounted in them.

Thus, the claimed utility model meets the criterion of "novelty."

A distinctive feature of this design is the absence of any mechanical means: filtering, centrifuging pre-liquefied contaminated oil mass with hot water or steam. The quality of cleaning improves with the loss of solids from

preheated to 100 ° C and dehydrated oil mass, which at the same time significantly loses its viscosity and becomes "superfluid".

The invention is illustrated in the drawing.

In figure 1, figure 2, view aa, figure 3, view bb and figure 4, view bb shows a diagram of a thermo-module for cleaning contaminated oil from water and solids.

The device consists of an upper block of metal 1 and a lower block of metal 2, which are interconnected into a single unit using flanges (not shown). The upper block of the metal structure 1 includes a tank for receiving and heating the oil mass 3, with four special valves 3a mounted in it (Fig. 2), an exhaust pipe with an adjustment flap 3b, a pump unit 4, as well as four paired water evaporation reactors 5 ( 2) with a overflow pipe 5a mounted in each of them, an exhaust pipe with an adjustable shutter 5b and a heat-insulating shield 5c.

The lower unit of the metal structure 2 includes a thermally insulated sludge storage tank of hot, dehydrated, contaminated oil mass (ZNM) 6, with a special collector of mechanical sludge 6a, an overflow tank 6b and a pump 6c mounted in it, as well as a reservoir for supplying the cleaned oil mass 7 to double-circuit thermal burners 8 (36 pcs), a batch container with a strainer 9, a small storage tank 10, (Figs. 3, 4) a thermal pruning of burning mechanical impurities 11 (Fig. 1), a capacity collector for supplying kerosene 12, (Fig. 3) in 12 double-circuit thermal burners 8 for heating the reservoir for receiving and heating the oil mass 3, four angular reservoirs for supplying kerosene 13, (Fig. 3) in twenty-four pieces, double-circuit thermal burners 8, for heating four tanks for the reactors for the evaporation of water 5, and also the tank for supplying kerosene 14 (figures 1, 4 ) into two double-circuit thermal burners 8 thermal protivotvinya burnout of mechanical impurities 11 and a buffer tank 15.

The utility model works as follows.

The operating mode of the device is continuous, batch universal for cleaning contaminated oil masses with any possible content of water, paraffin, sulfur, mechanical impurities and other mechanical components. The universality of the thermo-module for cleaning contaminated oil masses from water and mechanical impurities is achieved by the fact that in the water evaporation reactor 5, where the temperature reaches 100 ° C and the volume of which is nine times greater than the volume of portions of contaminated oil mass entering it, heated to 70- 90 ° C / s of the reservoir for receiving and heating the oil mass 3, the process of water evaporation takes place in different ways, i.e. upon heating a liquid, viscous (ZNM) to 100 ° C, a bubble emulsion forms in the water evaporation reactor 5. The strength of the bubble film, the number of bubbles, the stability time of the bubble mass depends on the percentage of water and chemical composition / ZNM /. At the same time, the volume of transformation of the liquid (ZNM) into the bubble mass in the water evaporation reactor 5 is accompanied by an increase in the volume of the oil mass from 1.5 to 12 times. When the initial volume / ZNM] is increased by more than 9 times, the excess volume of the bubble mass is discharged, according to the water evaporation 5 installed inside the reactor, the overflow pipe 5 a, to the upper part of the oil receiving and heating tank 3.

With a slight increase in the initial volume of liquid “ZNM” in the water evaporation reactor 5, the evaporation process is accompanied by bubbling, intensive formation of the bubble mass and its destruction, with the release of water vapor and a small amount of other gas components from the bubbles.

As dehydration occurs, the formation of bubble mass ceases with the bubbling of the oil mass settles, after which the portion is drained into the thermally insulated sludge tank of the hot dehydrated contaminated oil mass 6.

With a significant increase in the initial volume of "ZNM" in the bubble volume, the process is less intense with the accumulation

special collection of mechanical sludge 6a. After draining from the upper level of the thermally insulated sludge tank of hot dehydrated contaminated oil mass 6, approximately 5-8 portions of the already cleaned oil mass into the storage tank, the oil volume is discharged from a special collection of mechanical sludge 6a into a batch tank with a strainer 9 through which the hot sludge is filtered and its liquid fraction enters two double-circuit thermo-burners 8 (Figs. 1, 4) installed under the thermal protrusion of mechanical impurities 11, with the exit of this liquid fraction to a small storage tank 10, while the mechanical sludge is fed to a thermowell of burning mechanical impurities 11, where it heats and burns to an ash state.

At the first stage, a double-circuit thermal burner uses kerosene or diesel fuel. Working on kerosene in the primary circuit, it heats the working tanks, simultaneously warming up the metal-intensive casing of the double-circuit thermal burner 8 to 250-350 ° С.

Upon receipt of the first volume of refined oil mass "OHM" in the preheated body of the dual-circuit burner 8, "OHM" is fed into its second circuit. “OHM”, which, under the influence of the high temperature of the casing, begins to generate a gas energy component that ignites from the flame of the primary circuit and subsequently ensures the operation of dual-circuit thermal burners 8 on its own OHM energy carrier, after which the supply of kerosene to the primary circuit is interrupted.

Depending on the initial chemical composition of the contaminated oil mass, a thermal process consumes 1-2% of the purified volume of the oil mass.

If necessary, it is possible to remove any thermal burner and install it in place without stopping the thermal process.

Paired five working tanks among themselves, the absence of extended pipelines between them, the installation of heat-insulating panels, which significantly minimizes heat loss. Transfer process

portions of oil masses from the reservoir for receiving and heating the oil mass into the reservoir-collector of the supply of refined oil mass occurs mainly due to flow from the upper level to the lower. The utility model is equipped with level sensors, electromagnetic valves, temperature sensors, timers, etc.

The mode of the technological process of the device and the maximum portion of the oil mass depends on the percentage of water and chemical components in ZNM. This mode is determined at the first stage of work, in manual control by the operator serving this installation. Then the installation works in semi-automatic mode. In the event of a fire situation, the operator shuts off the supply of OHM energy to double-circuit thermal burners 8, after which, if necessary, it can emergency discharge the oil mass contained in all tanks through drainage pipelines to buffer tank 15. (Fig. 1). The continuous batch mode of operation of the device and the paired four separate water evaporation reactors 5 makes it possible to work with a capacity of 25 to 100%. The compactness of the utility model allows you to transport and operate it in the required area. Dimensions of one cleaning module: 2.3 × 2.3 × 3.8 m. The approximate productivity of one module with such dimensions is about 20-25 m3 per day.

An exhaust pipe with an adjustable damper 3b, 5b is mounted inside each tank to evacuate gases from double-circuit thermo-burners 8. The device is covered by a roof at the top, which does not prevent the process gases from escaping, from the water evaporation tanks 5 open above and oil receiving and heating tanks 3 .

The principle of operation of the thermal module for cleaning contaminated oil masses from water and solids.

At the beginning of the work, the pumping unit 4 for supplying the oil mass to the receiving and heating tank 3 is turned on. Upon reaching a certain level of the oil mass in the receiving tank for heating the oil mass 3, the pumping unit 4

it is turned off and after that, kerosene or diesel fuel is poured from the capacity of the kerosene supply manifold 12 into the first circuit of twelve double-circuit thermal burners 8, which are sequentially ignited and heated the oil mass filled into the oil reception and heating tank 3, to 70-80 ° C. After that, from the angular supply tank of kerosene 13, kerosene is drained into the first circuit of six double-circuit theomo-burners 8, one of the four water evaporation reactors 5. These burners are ignited approximately 5-10 minutes before a portion of the oil mass is fed into the water evaporation reactor 5, through a special valve Za, from the reservoir for receiving and heating the oil mass 3. Thus, all four reactors are subsequently put into operation. When starting the device, these stages of work are performed by the operator in manual control of the device operation wiring diagram. Next, the scheme of the system for automatic control and regulation by the sequence of the technological process described in the section "The utility model as follows" is included. The utility model is stopped by the operator, the control circuitry is switched to manual mode, while the operator stops the oil mass supply by the pumping unit 4, as well as the OHM energy supply to the twelve double-circuit thermal burners 8, which heat the oil reception and heating tanks 3 of the “ZNM”, then sequentially stops the supply of “OHM” to six double-circuit thermo-burners 8 of each water evaporation reactor 3 while the last dehydrated portion of “ZNM” is discharged from it into the thermally insulated sludge tank her dehydrated contaminated oil mass 6.

After 25 minutes after the last portion of the dehydrated oil mass is discharged from the last water evaporation reactor 5 into the thermally insulated sludge tank of the hot dehydrated contaminated oil mass from its lower level, the entire remaining OHM volume is discharged into the storage tank, after which the mechanical sludge accumulated in the batch tank with a strainer 9 is dumped a special collection of mechanical sludge 6a, after which it is burned out on a thermal burn-out burn

mechanical impurities 11 to the ash state and the thermal process in the device is completely stopped.

At the experimental installation, a test purification of samples of contaminated barn oil was carried out. After purification, the samples of refined oil were re-examined in a specialized Krasnodar FMC laboratory, where it was concluded that there was no content of mechanical impurities and water in the refined samples, which confirms the advisability of using this installation and technology.

Claims (1)

Thermal module for cleaning contaminated oil mass from water and mechanical impurities, including a tank for heating oil mass with thermal burners, characterized in that the thermal module consists of an upper and lower metal structure block, where a pump unit is installed in the upper metal structure block, and a tank for receiving and heating oil mass up to 70-90 ° C with four reactors for the evaporation of water from the oil mass, surrounded by its perimeter, paired together, with four reactors entering each reactor for water evaporation through a special valve from the receiving tank and heating the oil mass, which reaches up to 100 ° C in water evaporation reactors, the capacity of each water evaporation reactor being nine times the volume of the "portioned" oil mass entering it, and the thermally insulated sludge tank of hot dehydrated contaminated oil mass arriving in it is mounted in the lower block of the metal structure into it from four reactors of water evaporation, while the thermally insulated sludge tank of hot dehydrated oil mass is equipped with a special collection of mechanical sludge, an overflow drainage tank contaminated oil mass, a pump, a batch container with a strainer, in addition, thirty-six double-circuit thermal burners with a collector for supplying kerosene to twelve of them and with four angular containers for supplying kerosene to the remaining twenty-four double-circuit thermal burners were mounted; a small storage tank was also mounted; , thermal resistance to burning out mechanical impurities, with two double-circuit thermal burners and with a capacity for supplying kerosene to them, while all thirty-eight are double-circuit x thermal burners at the initial stage of the process are made with the possibility of burning on kerosene until the first volume of refined oil mass is obtained, and then the thermal process is carried out using its own energy product.