RU4942U1 - UNIVERSAL TRACTION AND VEHICLE "HERCULES" - Google Patents

Abstract

1. A universal towing vehicle containing a frame, driving axles made controllable and swivel and the front one of which is sprung relative to the frame, a cabin, a steering for both axles, including a power steering gear connected to the front axle knuckle lever and kinematically with a bipod of the rear axle, and also performed with the function of blocking the rotation of the wheels of the rear axle, a transmission comprising a drive motor sequentially interconnected, hinge, gearbox and transfer case of the drive of these bridges, as well as the hydraulic power supply system of consumers and the system of front and rear axle power take-off shafts and front and rear mechanisms to guide technological equipment, characterized in that the rear axle is sprung, the specified kinematic connection in the steering includes for each axle additional steering gears inversely connected to each other by cardan gear and articulated between bipods and food traction linkage - with the levers of the steering axle knuckles, the rear axle kingpin in the longitudinal plane is inclined towards the front axle kingpin, and the coupling linkage of the additional steering gear for the rear axle with the longitudinal link connected with the steering axle lever of this axle is located in the center of swing of the sprung rear axle while the transmission includes an additional transfer case, the input shaft of which is connected to the output of the gearbox, and one of the output shafts is connected to the input of the main transfer case. 2. Wed

Description

UNIVERSAL TRACTION VEHICLE HERCULES

The utility model relates to transport engineering and relates to the design of traction vehicles of cross-country ability and multi-purpose. The traction vehicle can be used in utilities and in other areas, since it has a relatively small size and high energy consumption, increased maneuverability and the ability to move at low speeds, suitable for working with technological equipment such as a sweeping brush or vacuum cleaner.

Known traction vehicle (GAZ66), containing a frame, sprung driving drive axles, the front of which is steered and swivel, a cabin, steering for the front axle, including a steering gear with power steering, kinematically connected through the bipod to the swivel lever fist, transmission, which includes a serially connected drive motor, clutch, gearbox and transfer case for driving both axles (see book A.S. ANTONOV and other Army Av tomobili, part 1, design and calculation, Military Publishing House of the Ministry of Defense of the USSR, M, 1970, p. 55, Fig. 11.5, p. 58, Fig. 11.9).

This vehicle cannot be used for production, for example, for public utilities, cannot provide movement at low speeds, suitable for operation of technological equipment such as a sweeping brush. This tool has proven itself as an off-road vehicle for transporting goods over long distances. The understeer of this tool is designed for standard road conditions of developed transport infrastructure. In this regard, in cramped conditions, where increased maneuverability with small turning radii is required, this tool is ineffective. In addition, the design of the machine when used with special equipment requires the mandatory introduction of certain design changes and additions. one

IPC6: B60K 17/00

A universal traction vehicle (called a multifunctional energy facility MES) is known, which contains a frame, driving drive axles made controllable and | X) and the front one of which is sprung relative to the frame, a cabin, steering for both axles, including a steering mechanism with a hydraulic booster associated with the lever of the front axle cam and kinematically with the lever of the rear axle cam, as well as with the function of locking the rotation of the rear axle wheels, trans an assembly comprising a drive motor, a clutch, a gearbox and a transfer gearbox of the drive of the said bridges sequentially interconnected, as well as a hydraulic power supply system for consumers and a system of front- and rear-mounted power take-off shafts and front and rear linkages of technological equipment (see. Demonstration of the multifunctional energy facility of MES during the seminar Application of modern communal cleaning equipment in Moscow, Department of Engineering, Moscow , 28-29 February 1996).

A feature of this tool is its design, assembled on the basis of nodes and assemblies GAZ-66. The rear drive axle, made swivel and steered, is unsprung and rigidly connected to the frame; therefore, at high speeds, to maintain directional stability, it is necessary to disconnect this bridge from the steering. And for some work it is necessary to disconnect the suspension of the front axle. The lever steering system complicates the design as a whole, since such a scheme, due to the complexity of the layout, required the introduction of so-called spool rods and a hydraulic circuit, which is also used for hydraulic power take-offs. The introduction of the hydraulic circuit is due to the need to increase the maneuverability of the machine by changing the method of rotation.

The disadvantage of this tool is the difficulty in operation due to its design, since constant monitoring of operating modes is required (suspension suspension, blocking the rotation of the rear wheels, transferring the machine from one turning method to another, etc.). In addition, the introduction, in addition to mechanical power transmission streams, is also powerful

branched hydraulic flow complicates maintenance. Technological equipment such as a sweeping brush is attached to the rear mounted linkage mechanism, the hydraulic cylinder of which is connected to a lifting body. In this regard, when lowering the brush, the body rises, and the tool moves with the body raised. Naturally, the movement of such a tool in the general flow of transport is a source of increased danger.

This utility model is aimed at solving the problem of simplifying the design as a whole through the use of standard components of the mechanical power flow, changing the steering mechanism to increase (rs stability at high speeds without blocking the rotation of the rear wheels. The technical result achieved in this case is to improve operational properties.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that in a universal traction vehicle containing a frame, driving drive axles made steered and rotatable and the front one of which is sprung relative to the frame, a cabin, steering for both axles, including a steering gear with a power steering connected with the front axle steering knuckle lever and kinematically with the rear axle steering knuckle lever, as well as with the rear axle wheel locking function, transmission, including comprising a drive motor, a clutch, a gearbox and a transfer case of the drive of the said bridges sequentially interconnected, as well as a hydraulic power supply system for consumers and a system of front- and rear-mounted power take-off shafts and front and rear linkages of technological equipment, the rear axle is sprung , in the steering, the specified kinematic connection includes for each axle additional steering mechanisms inversely connected to each other by a cardan gear and through pivotally connected bipods and longitudinal links - with levers of axle steering knuckles, the rear axle pin in the longitudinal plane is inclined towards the front axle axle, and the coupling link of the additional steering gear for the rear axle with longitudinal link connected to the axle knuckle of this axle located in the center of the swing

sprung rear axle, while the transmission includes an additional transfer case, the input shaft of which is connected to the output of the gearbox, and one of the output shafts is connected to the input of the main transfer case.

In addition, to block the rotation of the wheels of the rear axle, the longitudinal link of one of the axles disconnected from the lever of the steering knuckle of the wheel is fixed to the frame.

In addition, the transverse thrust of the steering trapezoid of the rear rotary axle is connected with an additional hydraulic booster.

In addition, the consumer’s hydraulic power supply system includes a hydraulic pump driven by the engine’s crankshaft, connected to a three-section hydraulic distributor, each controlled section of which is connected to a separate group of consumers, while for the circuit of at least one section in the supply line of each consumer from the group, a controlled on-off valve, while the controls of these valves are interlocked.

The indicated features are essential and interconnected with the formation of a stable set of essential features, sufficient for / learning the required technical result.

Thus, the introduction of an additional controlled transfer case, connected in series with the main controlled transfer case, made it possible to obtain low speeds of the order of 1 km / h necessary for working with technological equipment due to a combination of standard units for high-speed transport vehicles. Changing the steering scheme and tilting the axle pivot towards each other with the standard position of the front axle kingpin provided an increase in directional stability at sufficiently high transport speeds without locking the rear axle. At the same time, the kinematics of the steering allows the wheels of one side to turn towards each other in the direction of rotation. This provides high maneuverability and agility of the machine in cramped conditions. Suspension of the rear axle brought into line with the scheme of the machine as a whole.

operation of linkage mechanisms, lifting cylinders, etc. At the same time, the power scheme determines the independent operation of individual consumers and eliminates the influence of the work of one consumer on the work of another.

The present utility model is illustrated by a concrete example, which, however, is not the only possible one, but clearly demonstrates the possibility of achieving the required technical result by the given combination of features.

In FIG. 1 shows a general view of the universal traction vehicle Hercules (example with a vacuum cleaner);

FIG. 2 - top view with the cab and body removed, planned layout;

FIG. 3 is the same as in FIG. 1 with a drawing of the kinematic connections of the transmission (example with a lifting side body);

FIG. 4 is a kinematic transmission scheme, where the node 1 is a front power take-off in a winch drive embodiment;

FIG. 5 - node 2 - front power take-off in the form of a shaft;

FIG. 6 - kinematic diagram of the steering;

FIG. 7 is a diagram of the position of the pivots of the driven driving axles;

FIG. 8 is a diagram of a position of a hinge for linking a lever with a longitudinal rod;

FIG. 9 is a hydraulic power supply circuit of consumers.

The Hercules universal traction vehicle (see Figs. 1-3) contains a frame 1 on which a cab 2 is located in the front zone, and the space behind the cab is used to install working equipment such as a vacuum cleaner 3 (Fig. 1) or an onboard lifting body 4 (Fig. 3). Spare wheel 5 is located behind the cab in front of the working equipment.

A rectangular type frame 1 from an inward directed open profile is a basic element for mounting a front axle mounted on springs 6, a driving and steered axle 7 with swivel wheels 8, and a rear axle similar to the front axle 9. also made with swivel wheels. Both bridges are deployed by the main gear inputs towards each other, while the pin 10 of the front axle knuckle is mounted in the longitudinal plane rear-inclined (see Fig. 7) at an angle a according to the standard scheme, and the pin of the rear axle 12 is inclined in the same plane on the same plane angle towards the kingpin of the front axle. This installation of bridges with controlled

swivel wheels allows the sprung scheme to provide directional stability at sufficiently high transport speeds without the need for locking the rear wheels.

In the front part of the frame, a standard front linkage mechanism 13 of the technological equipment with a drive from the hydraulic cylinders 14 is fixed, and in the rear part of the frame, a standard rear linkage mechanism of the 15 equipment with a drive from the hydraulic cylinder 16 is fixed for working with technological equipment, for example, a type of sweeping brush or other type used in public utilities.

The transmission of the towing vehicle (Fig. 4, 5) includes a drive motor 17 located in front of the frame 1, connected to it in clutch 18 and a gearbox 19, the output shaft of which is connected by a cardan gear to the first controlled transfer case 20, one of the output shafts of which is connected to the input of the second controlled transfer case 21, which provides front and rear drive axles 7 and 9. The other outputs of the first transfer case 20 are power take-off shafts.

In FIG. 4 and 5 also presents a kinematic diagram of a system of front- and rear-mounted power take-off shafts. The drive of the shafts is carried out from a disconnectable power transmission box 22 mounted in the area of the technological window of the gearbox and receiving torque from one of the kinematic transmission chains of the gearbox 19. A cardan gear 23 is brought out from the power box to the front of the frame 1 to provide front power take-off. In the area of the rear of the frame 1 is derived from this gearbox universal drive 24 to provide rear power take-off. As a front power take-off, a winch 25 with a shutdown unit or a splined shaft 26 can be used. As an example of a rear power take-off, a gearbox 27 for driving a splined shaft 28 is shown.

The use of two transfer cases of standard design, used for transport vehicles, made it possible to obtain low speeds of movement at which the processing equipment operates.

connected to the lever 31 of the steering knuckle of the front axle wheel. The steering mechanism 30 is equipped with a hydraulic booster 32. For the synchronous drive of turning the front and rear wheels of the axles, the steering is equipped with additional steering mechanisms 33, inversely connected to each other by a cardan gear 34 located along the frame side member on its inner side. The output elements of these steering mechanisms are connected to the bipods 35, pivotally connected to the dowel rods 36, connected with the levers of the steering knuckles 37 of the axle wheels. At the same time, the rear axle is also equipped with a hydraulic booster 38.

Kinematics of the steering wheel provides a turn of the wheels of one side in the direction of rotation towards each other, as shown by the dotted line in FIG. 6. This rotation pattern provides increased maneuverability and the possibility of a turn in cramped conditions.

The steering provides for locking the rotation of the rear wheels by disconnecting it from the steering mechanism 30. Locking is performed, for example, by disconnecting the longitudinal link 36 from the lever of the steering knuckle 37 (Fig. 8). The free end of the rod is fixed in the heel 39 on the frame 1. Such a shutdown may be performed in the area of the front axle.

To exclude the influence of the swing of the sprung bridge on the steering mechanism, the longitudinal link 36 of each bridge is hinged to the bipod 35, while the hinge is located in the zone of the center of swing of the sprung bridge. Thus, the movement of the bridge causes the longitudinal traction to swing around the hinge of its connection with the bipod, but without transferring force to the steering mechanism.

The hydraulic system (Fig. 9) for supplying consumers includes a hydraulic pump 40, mounted to drive on the crankshaft of the drive motor 17 (Fig. 1). communicated with the sectional control valve 41, each section of which is made managed, communicated with its group of consumers. For example, the first section is in communication with the telescopic hydraulic cylinder 42 for lifting the body 4 and the hydraulic cylinder 16 for raising and lowering the rear linkage mechanism, the middle section of the control valve 41 is in communication with the hydraulic cylinders 14 for lifting the front linkage, and the last section with the hydraulic cylinders 43 for mounted

equipment. At the same time, at least one section (two sections in FIG. 9) is equipped with controlled two-position valves 44 dpi for each consumer installed in the communication circuit of the valve with consumers. The valve controls 44 may be interlocked.

This design provides control for each consumer, the ability to turn it off and eliminates the influence of the work of one consumer group on the work of another consumer group.

For the Hercules traction vehicle, standard commercially available components and assemblies were used. The front driven steering axle from GAZ66, transfer cases from GAZ-66 and BTR-60, gearbox from ZIL-131 with power take-off, and the cab from GAZ-66 were also used as leading steered axle axles.

The Hercules towing vehicle is operated in the usual manner for this type of multifunctional vehicle. Features of the tool and its design changes do not affect the functioning of the machine as a vehicle. The introduced changes make it possible to improve the operational performance of a multifunctional machine for public utilities in terms of its maneuverability, increase of exchange rate stability at transport speeds without blocking the rotation of the rear axle wheels, providing so-called creeping speeds for working with technological equipment and maintainability through the use of commercially available units and assemblies other vehicles.

Claims (4)

1. A universal towing vehicle containing a frame, driving axles made controllable and swivel and the front one of which is sprung relative to the frame, a cabin, a steering for both axles, including a power steering gear connected to the front axle knuckle lever and kinematically with a bipod of the rear axle, and also performed with the function of blocking the rotation of the wheels of the rear axle, a transmission comprising a drive motor sequentially interconnected, hinge, gearbox and transfer case of the drive of these bridges, as well as the hydraulic power supply system of consumers and the system of front and rear axle power take-off shafts and front and rear mechanisms to guide technological equipment, characterized in that the rear axle is sprung, the specified kinematic connection in the steering includes for each axle additional steering gears inversely connected to each other by cardan gear and articulated between bipods and food traction linkage - with the levers of the steering axle knuckles, the rear axle kingpin in the longitudinal plane is inclined towards the front axle kingpin, and the coupling linkage of the additional steering gear for the rear axle with the longitudinal link connected with the steering axle lever of this axle is located in the center of swing of the sprung rear axle , while the transmission includes an additional transfer box, the input shaft of which is connected to the output of the gearbox, and one of the output shafts is connected to the input of the main transfer box.  2. The tool according to claim 1, characterized in that for blocking the rotation of the wheels of the rear axle, the longitudinal link of one of the axles disconnected from the lever of the rotary wheel is fixed to the frame.  3. The tool according to claim 1, characterized in that the transverse thrust of the steering trapezoid of the rear rotary axle is connected with an additional hydraulic booster. 4. The tool according to claim 1, characterized in that the hydraulic power supply system for the consumers includes a hydraulic pump driven by the engine, connected to a three-section valve, each controlled section of which is connected to a separate group of consumers, while for the circuit of at least one section in the line a controlled two-position valve is installed for each consumer in the group, while the controls of these valves are interlocked.