RU47052U1 - INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE - Google Patents

Abstract

The proposed crank-rod internal combustion engine has a piston connected to the rod by a piston pin; a frame with a groove is fixed at the second end of the rod, the longitudinal axis of which is perpendicular to the axis of the rod. A split bearing is installed in the groove of the frame, covering the crank of the crankshaft. The frame moves when the crankshaft rotates along the axis of the rod and piston along the guide plates mounted on the crankcase walls. The lower surface of the frame rests on a helical cylindrical compression spring, the second end of which is located in a cylindrical hole on the bottom of the crankcase. In this internal combustion engine there is no lateral pressure of the piston on the cylinder, as well as reduced vibration from inertial forces.

Description

The proposed device relates to piston engines that convert the energy of the burned fuel into mechanical, used to drive various mechanisms.

The mass production of crank engines with their inherent disadvantage during operation was mastered: lateral pressure of the piston on a cylindrical surface.

This disadvantage is eliminated in the two-way Stelzer engine [1], in which there is another negative property: mechanical energy can be obtained in it only when using other devices that convert the energy of the burned fuel using intermediate liquids, gases, as well as electromagnetic devices.

There is no lateral pressure of the piston in the rodless engine of the Balandin [2]. But its design is complex and laborious to manufacture.

In the proposed crank-rod engine, the lateral pressure of the piston on the cylinder is eliminated, which is ensured by installing on one end of the piston rod, and on the second - frames with a longitudinal axis perpendicular to the axis of the rod, with a groove for accommodating the crankshaft crank.

To reduce the pressure of the inertial forces of the piston with the rod when they move to the bottom dead point (bm), a compression spring is installed, which is constantly in contact with the frame and the bottom of the crankcase.

In the graphic part, a single-cylinder engine with a one-sided working process under the piston.

Figure 1 - section aa in figure 2 along the main axis of the crankshaft and rod.

Figure 2 is a section bB in figure 1.

Figure 3 - remote element I in figure 1 (with magnification).

Figure 4 - section bb in figure 1 (with magnification).

Figure 5 is a cross-section GG in figure 2.

The main details and the principle of operation of the crank-rod engine.

A cylinder 3 with a piston 4 is mounted on the lid 1 of the crankcase 2. The piston is connected to the rod 5 by a piston pin 6. At the second end of the rod 5, a rod-type prefabricated frame 7 is rigidly fixed, in the groove of which is a separable bearing 8, covering the crank of the crankshaft 9.

The bearing 8 moves freely along the groove of the frame with the crank perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the rod 5. At the same time, the frame 7 moves together with the rod 5 along the guide surfaces of the U-shaped plates in section 10, mounted on the side walls of the crankcase 2.

The lower rod 11 of the frame 7 with a protrusion in the middle part is in constant contact with the end face of the helical cylindrical compression spring 12, the second end of which enters the cylindrical hole in the protruding part on the lower surface of the crankcase.

Additional rigidity and stability of the rod 5 is provided by the installation in the cylinder of the bearing 13 of two parts, which does not interfere with the supply of lubricating fluid to the cylinder.

Gear 14 connects the engine to the energy consumer.

The lower rod 11 of the frame is mounted on a shortened rod of the frame 7 using plates 15, providing adjustment of the clearance between the bearing 8 and the rods of the frame.

Screw 16 connects the details of the frame.

Valves 17 and 18, the mixture inlet and exhaust are located on the cylinder cover; 19 - spark plug.

When the crankshaft rotates with an external drive, the bearing 8 rotates along with the crank, moving along the groove of the frame 7, while the frame moves with the rod and piston along the planes of the plates 10.

With the necessary sequence of valves 17 and 18, the air-fuel mixture (inlet) enters the space above the piston,

it is compressed, ignited (stroke) and the exhaust gases are pushed out, i.e. the engine runs on a four-cycle cycle.

Since a one-sided working process under the piston takes place in the engine shown, the crank experiences various loads from the inertial forces of the piston and rod when it approaches the top dead center (bm) and bm

Piston in BMT under compression, pushing it experiences gas pressure, which reduces the effect of inertial forces.

In N.M.T. there are no reasons that change the value of inertial forces.

Spring 12 partially compensates for this drawback.

In an engine with a two-sided working process, a spring is not required under the piston, and instead of the bearing 13 a sealed cover with a bearing for the rod is installed.

The absence of lateral pressure of the piston on the cylinder will increase the life of the engine, and the use of a spring reduces vibration.

Claims (1)

An internal combustion engine comprising a crankcase, a cylinder, a piston with a rod, a crankshaft, valves, a spark plug, characterized in that at the second end of the rod, a rod-type prefabricated frame contacting the side rods with guide plates on the crankcase walls with a longitudinal axis is rigidly fixed perpendicular to the axis of the rod, in the groove of which is a separable sliding bearing, covering the crank of the crankshaft, and a cylindrical compression screw spring is installed between the lower core of the frame and the bottom of the crankcase.