RU2388917C1 - Internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: engines and pumps.

SUBSTANCE: engine consists of cylinder, piston, stock and traverse on the end of which there installed are pins attached in a movable way to two lower heads of piston-rods. Upper heads of piston-rods are attached in a movable way to rod journals of two crankshafts installed parallel so that they can be rotated towards each other. Shafts are installed on both sides of combustion chamber on brackets of cylinder head, which are an integral part of cylinder head On the same brackets there installed are two shafts with counterweights balancing secondary inertia forces so that they can be rotated by idle gears which synchronise rotation of crankshafts. At that, cylinder head serves as engine frame.

EFFECT: decreasing engine vibration and increasing its service life.

Description

The invention relates to internal combustion engines, namely to two-stroke single-cylinder engines, and can find application in transport, agricultural machines, as well as in hand tools.

Known internal combustion engine according to the patent of Russian Federation No. 2287101. This engine contains a cylinder, piston, rod, traverse, at the ends of which there are fingers movably connected to the two lower connecting rod heads, and the upper connecting rod heads are movably connected to the connecting rod necks of two crankshafts mounted in parallel on both sides of the cylinder block to rotate towards each other to a friend. The engine bed is made of a cylinder block with tides-brackets according to the number of main bearings, and the ends of the brackets are connected by two longitudinal beams. Prototype.

The disadvantage of this engine is the placement of crankshafts on the tides of the cylinder block, which does not allow the use of such a placement of crankshafts for small single-cylinder engines having a cylinder diameter of less than 150 mm and a piston stroke of less than 200 mm.

The task is: to create a power circuit of a small-sized single-cylinder engine with two crankshafts with a fully balanced crank mechanism and increased engine life.

The specified problem is solved as follows. According to the prototype, an internal combustion engine comprising a cylinder, a piston, a rod, a yoke, at the ends of which there are fingers movably connected to the two lower connecting rod heads, and the upper connecting rod heads are movably connected to the connecting rod necks of the two crankshafts mounted to rotate towards each other friend, parallel to both sides of the cylinder block, the engine bed is made of a cylinder block with tides-brackets according to the number of main bearings, and the ends of the brackets are connected by two longitudinal mi beams, two shafts with counterweights with a possible rotation speed are two times greater than the crankshaft revolutions on the bed. According to the invention, both crankshafts together with the main bearings are mounted on the cylinder head on both sides of the combustion chamber with brackets, two shafts with counterweights mounted on the same brackets, balancing the second-order inertia forces with the possibility of rotation by spurious gears synchronizing the rotation of the crankshafts this cylinder head acts as a skeleton of the engine.

Further, the invention is illustrated by the drawing, in which in longitudinal section shows the design of the engine.

A piston 2 is placed in the cylinder 1, which is fixed on the rod 3, rigidly connected to the traverse 4, at the ends of which there are pins 5 with which the rods 6 are movably connected. cylinder heads 10. There are purge windows 11 in cylinder 1, and a valve 12 is installed in cylinder head 10. At the output end of crankshafts 8, gears 13 and 14 are installed, which are interconnected by spurious gears 15 and 16, on which an additional component is rigidly fixed Shafts with counterweights 17.

The engine operates as follows.

When the piston 2 is at bottom dead center, the purge windows 11 are open on cylinder 1, at this time valve 12 is open and straight-through purge is in the cylinder, after 15-20 ° of crankshaft rotation, valve 12 closes, and piston 2 rises and closes the purge windows 11, after which the piston 2 rising upwards, the air in the cylinder 1 is compressed. Pressure and air temperature increase, providing reliable ignition of diesel fuel injected into the cylinder 1 by the nozzle 5-10 ° to the top dead center. Combustible fuel raises the temperature and pressure of the gases in the combustion chamber above the piston 2. The piston 2 moves down with acceleration, while crankshafts 7 of the crankshafts are turned 8. When the piston 2 arrives at the bottom dead center, the valve 12 in the cylinder head 10 and the purge windows 11 open. At this point, the exhaust gases are released and the cylinder 1 is purged with a fresh charge of air. The crankshafts 8, which have accumulated kinetic energy during the working stroke, continue their rotation and pull the connecting rods 6 upwards, which, in turn, raise the beam 4, the rod 3 and the piston 2, which compresses the air in the cylinder 1, preparing the next working stroke.

In the proposed engine, the connecting rods never work in compression, they are only stretched, which allows them to be made simplified, for example, as in the ASh-82 engine. It can be seen from the power circuit that the cylinder head 9 has become the most loaded part, it now works like a rocker. The combustion chamber presses upwards in the center, and the crankshafts press the crankshafts down, while the operation of the cylinder 1 jacket is facilitated, the power flow does not pass through it, it is only suspended from the cylinder head 10 and ensures density in contact with the cylinder head 10.

There is no normal force pressing the piston 2 against the wall of the cylinder 1 in this engine and this significantly increases the engine life. There is no vibration, which creates a normal force on the engine.

Inertia forces of the first order in this engine are compensated by 100% counterweights on the cheeks of crankshafts.

The inertia forces of the second order are balanced 100% with the help of two additional shafts 17 with counterweights, which are rotated by gears 15 and 16. They act as parasitic gears, connecting crankshafts 8 through gears 13 and 14 for synchronous rotation.

Thus, the engine according to this invention has good balance, high engine life, ease of manufacture, reduced heat loss to the cooling medium, however, this is possible provided that the engine is two-stroke, supercharged and single-cylinder.

The technical result of the invention is the balancing of inertial forces in the crank mechanism, reducing engine vibration and increasing its engine life.

Claims (1)

An internal combustion engine comprising a cylinder, a piston, a rod, a yoke, at the ends of which there are fingers movably connected to the two lower connecting rod heads, and the upper connecting rod heads are movably connected to the connecting rod necks of the two crankshafts mounted rotatably towards each other, parallel to both sides of the cylinder block, the engine bed is made of a cylinder block with tides-brackets according to the number of main bearings, and the ends of the brackets are connected by two longitudinal beams, there are two shafts with counterweights with a possible rotational speed twice that of the crankshaft speed, characterized in that both crankshafts together with the main bearings are mounted on the cylinder head on both sides of the combustion chamber on brackets, two shafts are installed on the same brackets with counterweights balancing inertia forces of the second order with the possibility of rotation by parasitic gears synchronizing the rotation of the crankshafts, while the cylinder head performs the function of the engine core.

Images