RU44141U1 - HYDRAULIC SHOCK - Google Patents

Abstract

The proposal relates to the oil and gas industry, namely to percussion devices that can eliminate the sticking of the tool, lowered on the rope, in the process of lifting from the well. The hydraulic hammer consists of a housing with a narrow and wide chamber. A hollow rod with a piston concentrically located in the housing is installed in the initial position in the narrow housing chamber in the lowest position. An annular stop is made at the lower end of the stem. Bottom on the outer surface of the hollow rod, a spring is installed, which abuts from below in the annular emphasis of the hollow rod, and from above - at the lower end of the housing. The internal space of the housing is filled with a working fluid, and the piston is equipped with throttling channels, with a wide chamber mounted above a narrow chamber. The proposed hydraulic hammer is simple to manufacture and use, has a small number of parts, so it is reliable in operation and does not require significant material costs, in addition, the shock loads created by it can significantly increase the efficiency of the tool lowered into the well on the rope.

Description

The proposal relates to the oil and gas industry, namely to percussion devices that can eliminate the sticking of the tool, lowered on the rope, in the process of lifting from the well.

The well-known "Double-acting hydraulic jar" (patent RU No. 2230880, IPC E 21 B 31/113, 31/107, publ. Bull. No. 17 dated 06/20/2004), including a hollow cylindrical body, in the middle part of which a working a cylinder telescopically mounted in the housing and a rod connected with it with a spline connection with a through axial channel and a piston in the middle part located in the working cylinder and having a throttling channel connecting the piston and piston cavities of the working cylinder filled with hydraulic fluid, annular dividers pistons movably mounted above and below the working cylinder between the body and the rod, and a bursting device that keeps the rod from moving relative to the body, while the working cylinder is formed on the piston stroke length by a cylinder sleeve located inside the body, sealed in the middle part relative to the body, and both sides of the seal, which forms annular cavities with the housing, by means of end clearances, respectively, with the over-piston and under-piston cavities of the working cylinder, and having opposite sides in the wall plotneniya through radial holes.

Also known is “Hydromechanical Yass” (patent RU No. 2145659, IPC E 21 B 31/113, 31/107, publ. Bull. No. 5 of 02.20.2000), containing a housing, the middle part of which is made in the form of a cylinder, hollow rods with seals connected to each other by a piston dividing the cylinder into the supra-piston and sub-piston cavities, the lower pair of anvils, one of which is installed in the upper part of the body on its inner surface, a check valve and a throttling nozzle, an annular groove is made in the upper part of the cylinder, while the cylinder is filled with a working fluid spine, and it contains upper and lower transverse partitions separating the cylinder from the upper and lower parts of the housing, a rod installed in the upper part of the housing and rigidly connected to the hollow rod, a cylindrical insert mounted in the piston with the possibility of radial movement, the second non-return valve, the upper pair is anvil, in the lower part of the cylinder is made annular

a groove, while the check valves are built into the piston, one of which is installed with the possibility of passing the working fluid from the supra-piston cavity into the sub-piston, and the second is installed with the ability to pass the working fluid from the sub-piston cavity into the supra-piston, throttling nozzle is installed on one of the check valves at the inlet in annular grooves, longitudinal grooves are made on the surface of the cylinder, the upper pair of anvils is installed in the upper part of the coupling, the lower pair of anvils is installed in the lower part of the rod.

The disadvantages of the above structures are:

- a large number of parts difficult to manufacture;

- difficulty in manufacturing and maintenance;

- service requires the use of highly qualified specialists;

- and, as a result, high cost and low reliability.

The closest in technical essence and the achieved result is a "Device for eliminating sticking" (patent RU No. 1330301, IPC E 21 B 31/113, 31/03, publ. Bull. No. 30 from 08/15/1987), including a housing with narrow and wide cameras, telescopically mounted in it with the possibility of axial movement of the hollow rod with a check valve and piston, located in the initial state in a narrow chamber housing, a packer with a push sleeve connected to the rod by means of shear pins, while the piston has radial channels, moreover, the valve of the hollow piston p placed under them, the push sleeve is installed with the possibility of limited axial movement relative to the housing, and the wide chamber is made below the narrow one, while an additional wide chamber can be made above the narrow chamber.

The disadvantages of this design are:

- the presence of the connection of the pressure sleeve with the stem with shear pins leads to uncontrolled rupture of the connection during water hammer, which reduces the efficiency of the packer;

- when the piston moves down, throttling of the fluid occurs at the contact of the piston with a narrow chamber downhole fluid, which leads to rapid wear of these parts and reduce the reliability of the device;

- fixing in the transport and working positions is carried out only due to the uncontrolled connection of the pressure sleeve with the rod with shear pins, which also reduces the reliability of the device in operation.

The technical task of this proposal is to create a simple to manufacture and maintain, reliable design of a hydraulic hammer, lowered into

a well on the rope assembly with the tool, as well as improving the efficiency of the tool itself.

The hydraulic hammer includes a housing with a narrow and wide chambers, a hollow rod with a piston located in its original position in a narrow housing chamber.

What is new is that the hydraulic hammer is additionally equipped with a compression spring, and the hollow stem from below and outside is equipped with an annular stop on which the compression spring rests with its lower plane, the upper plane of which abuts the housing, while the internal space of the housing is filled with working fluid and the piston is equipped with throttling channels, with a wide camera mounted above a narrow camera.

In FIG. shows a longitudinal section of the proposed hydraulic hammer.

The hydraulic hammer consists of a housing 1 with a narrow 2 and a wide chamber 3. In the housing 1, a hollow rod 4 with a piston 5 is concentrically located, installed in the initial position in the narrow chamber 2 of the housing 1 in the lowermost position. An annular stop 6 is made at the lower end of the stem 4. A spring 7 is installed below on the outer surface of the hollow stem 5, which abuts against the annular stop 6 of the hollow stem 4 from the bottom, and from the top — the lower end of the housing 1. and the piston 5 is equipped with throttling channels 9, and the wide chamber 3 is installed above the narrow chamber 2.

Unauthorized overflows of the working fluid 8 are excluded by the sealing elements 10 and 11.

The device operates as follows.

Before the start of repair work in the well, the wellbore is inspected by lowering and lifting seals, templates, lowered on the rope. At the same time, in old paraffinized wells that have a large curvature, a tool may be caught during the lifting process during the above operations, for the elimination of which a hydraulic hammer is lowered into the well assembly with the tool and allows you to eliminate sticks immediately after they occur.

The internal spaces of the housing 1 from above and from below are filled with a working fluid 8 through filling holes hermetically sealed with plugs (not shown in Fig.), While the hollow stem 4 with the piston 5 are in the initial position in the narrow chamber 2 of the housing 1, as shown in the figure.

At the wellhead (not shown in FIG.) By means of a connecting thread 12 to the hydraulic hammer, the necessary tool is connected from below (in FIG.

shown), lowered into the well depending on the technological operation, and from above the hydraulic hammer is connected to the rope 13 by means of cable termination 14.

Next, the hydraulic hammer assembly with the tool on the rope 13 is lowered into the specified interval of the well and carry out the necessary amount of work. Then they start lifting, and if the tool grabs during lifting, they slowly pull the rope up, while the pulling force on the stuck tool is controlled by the weight indicator located on the winch of the geophysical elevator (not shown in Fig.).

The pulling force from the winch of the geophysical elevator through the rope 13 is transmitted to the rod 4 with a piston 5, which is in the initial position at the beginning of the narrow chamber 2, which begin to slowly move upward, while the spring 5 is compressed and in parallel with this, the working fluid 8 flows from the over-piston cavity ( that is, from a narrow chamber 2 located above the piston 5 and a wide chamber 3) into the under-piston cavity (i.e., into a narrow chamber 2 located below the piston 5), thanks to the throttling channels 9 made in the piston 5 with an estimated diameter d and having high hydraulic resistance, and the piston 5 is in contact with the inner wall of the housing 1 throughout the narrow chamber 2. This allows you to increase the tension of the rope 13 up to its permissible value. Having passed the narrow chamber 2, the hollow rod 4 with the piston 5 fall into the wide chamber 3, while the working fluid 8 freely flows from the supra-piston cavity into the sub-piston cavity. The pressure of the liquid in the supra-piston cavity drops sharply, the force that holds the rope 13 in the extended state decreases, and the hollow rod 4 with the piston 5 under the influence of the elastic tension of the rope 13 moves to its highest position, while the piston 5 strikes inside the upper end with its upper end of the housing 1. This blow is transmitted through the housing 1 to the downstream tacked tool.

If the tacked tool is not released, then the rope is loosened and a time delay is given for which the hollow rod 4 with the piston 5, due to the tension of the spring 7, slowly return to their original position and then repeat the above process until the tacked tool is released.

The proposed hydraulic hammer is simple to manufacture and use, has a small number of parts, so it is reliable in operation and does not require significant material costs, in addition, the shock loads created by it can significantly increase the efficiency of the tool lowered into the well on the rope.

Claims (1)

A hydraulic hammer, comprising a housing with a narrow and wide chambers, a hollow stem with a piston located in the initial position in a narrow housing chamber, characterized in that the hydraulic hammer is additionally equipped with a compression spring, and the stem is equipped with an annular stop on which the lower plane rests a compression spring, the upper plane of which abuts against the housing, while the inner space of the housing is filled with a working fluid, and the piston is equipped with throttling channels, and a wide chamber is installed above the narrow camera.