RU42302U1 - MISSILE DEFENSE SYSTEM - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to military equipment and can be used to create missile defense of large industrial and / or administrative regions of the country. The technical result is an increase in fire performance and the effectiveness of the missile defense system to repel the attacks of various types of missiles due to the interception and destruction layered at heights and boundaries. The missile defense system contains an information and analytical center and located along the perimeter of the large industrial and administrative area to be defended, interconnected by communication lines through the equipment of the information and analytical center, at least one radar station for the early detection of targets, a multifunctional radar station, fixed missile launch positions and mobile launchers of anti-aircraft guided missiles. 1 ill.

Description

The utility model relates to military equipment and can be used to create missile defense (missile defense) of large industrial and / or administrative regions of the country.

A defensive missile defense system is known for protecting an object from tactical ballistic missiles, comprising a ground control station located within its or a friendly territory, and a group of barrage aircraft with programmable interceptor missiles having electro-optical homing heads with great search, capture capabilities and destruction of air targets. Each aircraft has a device for communication with each interceptor missile, as well as with other aircraft of this group. Each aircraft also has a processor for autonomous decision-making on the transfer of commands to interceptor missiles, generated on the basis of data received from its own sensors, from other aircraft, and also from ballistic missile detection means when they are launched [1]. The main disadvantages of this system are that in real conditions it is impossible to ensure the balance of time necessary when deploying a combat group in case of a surprise attack by the enemy, especially from directions not covered by a group of barrage aircraft, as well as the high economic costs associated with carrying aircraft with missiles interceptors of constant combat duty in the air in all missile-dangerous directions.

There is a known method of repulsing an attack of airborne objects, in which the trajectory of the object used by the enemy as a means of destruction (SP) and reaching the target area is first determined and mathematically extrapolated, and the path is selected in the area that is located at a great distance from the target area. Then, the meeting point of the used anti-aircraft defense means, for example, anti-aircraft guided missiles (SAM), is determined and optimized, with the means of destruction provided it is launched from the target area. At the same time, an intermediate acute-angled conical sector is defined around the indicated trajectory, which runs tangentially to it at the meeting point. The data obtained are entered into the missile defense equipment before it is launched. In the onboard computer SAM, taking into account the information received on the position of the attacking joint venture, the optimal meeting point is calculated. The control process is repeated taking into account current data on the relative position of the SAM and the attacking SP. Based on the received data, a constant correction of the trajectory is performed.

SAM missions. The missile defense system that implements this method contains a ground-based radar for detecting and tracking an attacking joint venture, located at a considerable distance from the defended area, around which are placed launching positions of missiles, connected by communication lines to a control and tracking center for missiles, in which there is a navigation computer located in the radar or, in any case, associated with it [2].

The disadvantage of this missile defense system is as follows. The use of the tracking method based on measurements of the mutual positions of SAM and SP requires the creation of multifunctional radars (MRS) with high throughput for real-time processing of information about targets and missiles in conditions of massive raids and using the corresponding number of missiles to reflect them. Such systems in most variants are not capable of simultaneously reflecting strikes by ballistic missiles and maneuverable aeroballistic targets (ABC), which require continuous tracking not only of the SP itself, but also of the missile systems aimed at them, since the latter in flight must move along trajectories that provide guidance to maneuvering goals. The implementation of this method and missile defense system, taking into account the realistically achievable performance characteristics of ballistic missile defense systems, will lead to a decrease in throughput of the missile defense system as a whole, or to a sharp deterioration in the effectiveness of its combat use.

Closest to the utility model is a missile defense system containing a radar for early warning and target tracking, a device for determining the predicted target trajectory from data received from this radar; missile defense (PR), each of which contains one or more submunitions launched from the PR, a device for processing the output data of optical equipment mounted on the PR and designed to track the target at short ranges and generate guidance commands for the submunitions when intercepting the target; a device for processing data on the predicted target path and issuing commands to derive the PR on the path closest to the target path; Radar guidance. The PR launched from one of the launch sites located on the periphery of the defended area is controlled by the guidance of the target path received from the radar, and the submunition interacting with it (along the line of sight connecting the PR optical tracking equipment with the target) reaches the target and strikes it [3].

The reasons that impede the achievement of the technical result indicated below when using the well-known missile defense system are as follows. Performed according to the classical anti-missile scheme, it has low maneuverability in the atmosphere, as a result of which the effectiveness of its combat use against aerodynamic (aeroballistic and hypersonic) targets is inferior to the effectiveness of missiles. Since for

pointing the PR on the trajectory closest to the trajectory of the target, it is necessary to follow it in flight, starting from the starting section of the main engine, then the deployment of launchers (launchers) of PR is impossible at significant distances from the guidance radar, because the maximum distance between them is determined by the line-of-sight range of the beginning of the operation section of the PR mid-flight engine. At the same time, PRs must develop speeds of 2-3 km / s for a short time interval and have a sufficiently long active section (long-term operation of the main engine), therefore they have large dimensions and weight and can be deployed only on stationary or, in the best case, transported PU. This significantly increases the replenishment time of the spent ammunition and does not allow for the operational transfer of PR to directions (sectors) with the highest density of missile strike. In addition, the number of PR tracking channels in the radar is limited and, as a rule, less than the number of target tracking channels. These circumstances reduce the size of the working area of the missile defense system, separation of the shelling of the ballistic missile is provided only by the number of PRs, and to expand the defense zone requires a greater number of launchers and build up the capabilities of the radar guidance (PR tracking channels).

The essence of the utility model.

The technical result achieved in the implementation of the utility model is expressed in increasing the fire performance and effectiveness of the missile defense system in repelling the attacks of various types of missiles by introducing missiles with an inertial control system, active or semi-active homing at the end of their flight.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that in the known missile defense system containing a radar for early detection of targets, a device for determining the predicted trajectory of a target from data received from a radar for long-range detection of targets, anti-missiles launched from launch positions located on the periphery of the defended area, radar guidance , according to the utility model, mobile launchers were introduced, each of which contains a target illumination radar and anti-aircraft guided missiles from an inertial system the target guidance and the active or semi-active homing head, a multifunctional radar was used as the guidance radar, while the mobile launchers are located circularly relative to the defended area, connected by communication lines with the long-range radar and a device for determining the predicted target path, which is also associated with the long-range radar, multifunctional radar and anti-missile launch positions.

Introduction of mobile launchers of anti-aircraft guided missiles with an inertial guidance system and an active or semi-active homing head (PU SAM)

provides a circular defense zone in azimuth with the exception of the “dead funnel” effect above the multifunctional radar and, accordingly, over the defended area, separation of the defense zone in range and height. The missile launcher’s mobility also ensures their rapid deployment to those sectors of the missile defense system in which the maximum number of targets is expected or the ammunition of the missile defense at stationary launching positions is expended. At the same time, the presence of high-precision inertial guidance systems and autonomous target illumination radars (ROCs) in missiles does not require their support at the initial stages of the flight of anti-missile guidance radars, which allows deploying missile launchers at distances from these radars, which are determined only by the capabilities of data transmission channels and control commands PU SAM. The combination of the claimed features of the utility model provides the simultaneous use of all types of missiles and missiles in a single combat cycle, as a result of which increased fire performance, expansion of the missile defense system, the possibility of simultaneous shelling of various types of targets, as well as the separation of fire in range and height are achieved.

The utility model is illustrated by the drawing, which shows the functional diagram of the missile defense system.

The missile defense system of a large industrial and / or administrative region 1 contains a radar 2 for long-range target detection, a multifunctional radar (IRL) 3, an information-analytical center (IAC) 4, stationary launching positions (MSS) 5 of the missile defense system located on the periphery of region 1 along its perimeter, mobile launchers of missile launchers b, placed circularly relative to the defended area 1 in the sectors of the work of radar 3 at a distance that provides separation of fire in range.

The radar 2 of long-range target detection is located in the missile-hazardous direction and is designed to be detected autonomously or by external target designation, for example, from a missile attack warning system, ballistic missile and ADB in a specific sector of the air-comic space. It is connected by communication lines to IRLS 3 and IAC 4.

MRS 3 is located in the area of the missile defense group and is designed to search, detect and select attacking missiles by target designation or autonomously in a given sector from any missile-hazardous direction, provide tracking of targets and PR, develop command commands and send them aboard PR to intercept and destroy attacking missiles at the required line of defense. It is connected by communication lines to radar 2 of long-range target acquisition and IAC 4. The radar coverage area 3 in azimuth is circular (4 sectors with azimuth dimensions - 90 degrees), the parameters of the radar coverage area 3 in elevation provide for the detection and tracking of targets throughout upper hemisphere with the exception of the “dead” effect

zones "above the radar 3. The energy potential and noise immunity of the radar 3 provide the necessary bandwidth at the entry ranges of ballistic, hypersonic and aerodynamic targets in its detection zone.

The Information and Analytical Center (IAC) 4 is designed to collect and process information and assess the characteristics of attacking targets, select warheads against the background of interference and false targets, calculate the spatio-temporal parameters of the movement of attacking targets and form control commands for weapons of destruction, as well as to organize information exchange between elements of the missile defense system. IAC 4 contains a device for determining the predicted trajectory of the target in the form of a high-performance multiprocessor computing complex (MVK), a time storage system, a set of automation tools, personal computers of operator’s workstations, hubs, controllers, information display and documentation units. Through the controllers, the MVK is connected with the corresponding specialized data transmission equipment (APD), which provides interaction with military command and control bodies, reception of external target designation information from a missile attack warning system and radar 2 of long-range target detection, issuing target designation (CC) of radar 3, transmission of control commands to MRLS 3, SSP 5, mobile launchers SAM 6.

Stationary launching sites (BSCs) 5 are located around the defended area 1 along its perimeter and advanced in the main missile-hazardous directions. One of the MTP 5 can be located in the area of deployment of IAC 4 and 3-axis radar systems to ensure their self-defense. MTP 5 includes PR mine launchers, a control point, a PR test point, a power supply unit, and other maintenance services. The control center of the SSP 5 communication lines is connected with IAC 4, 3-axis radar and mine launchers.

Mobile launchers of missile launchers used in the missile defense system to intercept and destroy non-strategic missile systems (LDCs), for example, hypersonic aircraft, the use of which is impractical or impossible according to various criteria. Mobile launchers of missile launchers 6 are deployed on the periphery of the defended area 1 in designated areas for them in missile-hazardous directions, and, if necessary, can be quickly relocated to other areas where the maximum number of targets is expected. In addition, since the characteristics of missiles allow shelling the warheads of a missile launcher on a descending section of the trajectory (at a flight speed of 2..3.5 km / s), and the size of the defense zone of the missile defense system when using them is at least 30 km, missile launchers can to be transferred to areas or to directions where the PR ammunition load on the SSP 5 has been used up. Mobile missile launchers 6 are connected by communication lines to MRS 3 and IAC 4.

All of these elements of the missile defense system are made according to well-known rules on the basis of commercially available samples of military equipment and weapons, communications and computer technology. So, for example, as a mobile launcher of a missile launcher 6, a standard launcher launcher 9A82 (M) anti-aircraft missile system (RNS) anti-aircraft missile system S-300V (AMD) can be used, which is used in the said air defense system to defeat ADB, tactical and operational tactical ballistic missiles (in t .h. type Pershing-2). Structurally, it contains a control and communication system mounted on vehicles, a target illumination radar (ROC), two 9M82 (M) missiles in transport and launch containers. The mobility of the missile launcher 6 is characterized by the following indicators: deployment (coagulation) time - 5 minutes, speed of movement on roads with different surfaces or cross-country from 10 to 60 km / h. [4].

The missile defense system operates as follows. Radar 2 early warning targets and IAC 4 operate in a continuous round-the-clock mode. According to information about the detection of launches of BR or BR and LDCs in flight, attacking the defended area 1, received via communication lines to IAC 4 from the missile attack warning system and / or from the radar 2 of long-range target detection, the missile defense system is put on full alert. In accordance with the combat operation algorithms, the IAC 4 equipment generates control signals, according to which the radar control systems 3, SSP 5 and mobile launchers of missiles are put into combat mode, in which PR and missiles are set in preparation for launches. Radar 2 determines the coordinates of targets moving in the direction of the defended area 1, and through the communication lines automatically transmits target signals to the radar 3 through the IAC 4 equipment to search for these targets. In MRLS 3, in addition to such a regime, an autonomous search for targets in responsibility sectors can also be implemented. After capturing targets for escort, the radar-tracking vehicle 3 selects combat warheads against active and passive interference and false targets, classifies targets by type, measures the parameters of their flight paths and constructs their paths. In addition, the energy resource of the radar-tracking radar station 3 allows, with the number of targets in the viewing area of less bandwidth, to accompany the target missile defense channels in flight, measure the errors of inertial guidance systems for missile defense systems (before capturing GOS targets), and correct them by issuing appropriate commands through the ROC of the missile launcher 6. Information about the parameters of the trajectories of the targets and those accompanied by the target channels, the SAM radar 3 transmits to the IAC 4. The IAC 4 equipment automatically performs the following operations in real time:

- selection of methods for intercepting targets for which firing operations are assigned and calculating the meeting points of PR and SAM with targets;

- the appointment for the appropriate goals of PR near and long-range interception or SAM;

- the appointment of PR and SAM missiles for each firing operation;

- issuance of target designations to inertial systems of missiles and the Russian Orthodox Church for designated purposes;

- launch and guidance of PR to the selected goals;

- launching missiles at the estimated time and adjusting, if necessary, their flight paths;

- control of the results of firing and the appointment of repeated firing;

- issuing commands for the relocation of mobile launchers;

By relocating mobile launchers of missile launchers 6, the operational buildup of the combat capabilities of the missile defense system in newly emerging threatened areas is ensured, as well as in the event of failure of the MTP 5 (launcher of missiles) or the use of ammunition missile launchers (missiles).

The implementation of the utility model ensures the construction of an intercepted system for heights and boundaries and the destruction of anti-ballistic missile, ADB and NDB based on existing military equipment and weapons, which significantly reduces costs compared to the development and creation of alternative missile defense systems.

Sources of information:

1. US No. 5340056, F 41 G 7/22, 244 / 3.16, 1994.

2. US No. 5050818, F 41 G 7/30, 244 / 3.15, 1991.

3. US No. 4925129, F 41 G 7/30, 244 / 3.11, 1990.

4. Shirokorad A.B. Encyclopedia of Russian missile weapons 1817-2002. Under the total. ed. A.E. Taras. M .: ACT, Mn .: Harvest. 2003, 544 p.

Claims (1)

A missile defense system, characterized in that it contains an information and analytical center and located along the perimeter of the large industrial and administrative area being defended, interconnected by communication lines through the equipment of the information and analytical center, at least one radar station for early warning of targets, multifunctional radar station, stationary launch positions of anti-missiles, mobile launchers of anti-aircraft guided missiles.