RU40936U1 - DEVICE FOR ELECTROCHEMICAL TREATMENT OF SHEET - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to mechanical engineering and can be used in the manufacture of through holes of any circuit in thin-sheet conductive materials. A device for the electrochemical processing of a sheet blank contains an electrode tool 4 mounted with a gap relative to the workpiece 1, a vibrator 5, a pressure sensor 6, an operating voltage source 12, and also a dielectric stencil 2 for mounting on the blank 1, a pressure signal to digital code converter 7 , memory block 8, block of settings 9, comparator 10, the first input of which is connected to the block of settings 9, the second and third inputs are with the first output of the converter 7 and the output of the memory block 8, the input of which is connected from the second the output of the transducer 7, connected to the pressure sensor 6, installed in the supply channel of the electrolyte 3, made in the electrode-tool 4, in addition, the output of the comparator 10 through the shutdown unit of the operating voltage source 11 is connected to the operating voltage source 12. A useful model can improve the quality of the electrochemical processing due to interruptions in the process of anodic dissolution during the accumulation of products of electrochemical processing in the interelectrode gap and termination of the process immediately after perforation of the hole.

Description

The utility model relates to mechanical engineering and can be used in the manufacture of through holes of any circuit in thin-sheet conductive materials.

Known methods and devices for electrochemical processing of sheet blanks. In the known method of electrochemical processing in electrophysical and electrochemical methods of processing materials. Textbook allowance (in 2 volumes). T.1 - Materials processing using the tool \ edited by V.P.Smolentsev. Authors - B.A. Artamonov et al. Publishing House: M., Higher School, 1983 - 247 pp., Ill. p.138-139, 169 - [1] provides general information on shaping using stencils to limit the processing area.

A known method of manufacturing holes on.with. No. 1839126, The method of electrochemical processing, 23 N 3/00, 23 N 9/06, publ. Bull. No. 47-48 dated 12/30/1993 - [2]. To implement the method, a dielectric stencil is placed on the workpiece defining the final contour of the hole (recess) to be machined, over which a layer of elastic dielectric is laid, the cut contour in which is similar to the final contour of the part. The elastic layer is pressed against the stencil. Electrochemical processing (ECHO) is carried out in an electrolyte; as the depth deepens, the force of pressing the elastic layer to the stencil is reduced inversely with the depth of processing. The disadvantage of this method is the large thickness of the stencil, which leads to a violation of accuracy and limits the depth of the resulting recess, and the time to finish the process of flashing the recess cannot be established, therefore, after opening the hole, the supplied current dissolves the side surfaces and violates the accuracy of the profile and limits the dimensional processing in depth.

A known method for A.S. No. 1657301, Method for dimensional electrochemical processing of holes in sheet parts, 23 N 3/00, publ. Bull. No. 23 dated 06/23/1991 - [3], according to which the electrochemical processing of holes is carried out by two cathodes-tools using dielectric stencils in a flowing electrolyte with simultaneous supply of voltage to two cathodes-tools. The voltage supply at the time of the formation of through holes is simultaneously stopped, and then the processing is carried out with alternating voltage supply to each cathode-tool. The disadvantages of the method include the establishment of the moment of formation of the through hole according to the calculated dependencies, which violates the accuracy of processing, because it is impossible to accurately determine the actual value of the moment of opening.

For the prototype taken the device that implements the method of electrochemical processing by AS No. 548407, B 23 P 1/04, publ. in bull. No. 8 of 02.28.1977 - [4], which contains an inductive sensor mounted on the bed of the unit, a permanent magnet attached to the pin, an electrode tool, a signal amplifier, a comparison unit, a control unit and a power source of the unit.

In the device, the processing of the workpiece is carried out in a flowing electrolyte for a predetermined time when voltage is applied to the workpiece and the electrode tool, which is informed of vibrating movements in the direction of the working feed. Processing is performed at a constant feed rate of the electrolyte or according to a discrete scheme for restoring the interelectrode gap (with "feeling"). In the places of "non-flushing" or ingress of non-conductive particles, contact between the electrode-tool and the workpiece is possible. In this case, the vibration amplitude of the electrode-tool decreases, which, in order to prevent short circuits between the electrode-tool and the processed

the workpiece is taken as a signal to turn off the operating voltage.

A disadvantage of the known device is that in the ECHO process, touching the electrode-tool with the workpiece being machined leads to the appearance, until the operating voltage is turned off, of currents exceeding the operating currents of the ECM process, which affects the quality of the processing itself, in addition, it is not possible to set the time the end of the hole punching process, which leads to insufficient accuracy of hole processing.

The utility model solves the problem of improving the quality of electrochemical processing due to interruptions in the process of anodic dissolution when the products of electrochemical processing accumulate in the interelectrode gap and the process stops immediately after hole perforation.

The problem is achieved in that in the device for the electrochemical processing of a sheet billet containing an electrode tool installed with a gap relative to the workpiece, a vibrator, a pressure sensor, a source of operating voltage, new is that it additionally contains a dielectric stencil for installation on the billet, pressure signal transducer, memory unit, setpoint unit, comparator, the first input of which is connected to the setpoint unit, the second and third inputs - with the first output zovatelya and output of the storage unit, whose input is connected to the second output transducer associated with the pressure sensor installed in the electrolyte supply channel formed in the electrode-tool, moreover, the comparator unit through off the operating voltage source is connected to the operating voltage source.

The essence of the utility model is presented in figure 1.

Here: 1 - blank; 2 - dielectric stencil; 3 - electrolyte; 4-electrode-tool; 5 - vibrator; 6 - pressure sensor, for example, a piezoelectric transducer; 7 - pressure signal to digital code converter; 8 - memory block; 9 - block settings; 10 - a comparator; 11 - block off the source of operating voltage; 12 - source of operating voltage.

A dielectric stencil 2 is placed on the blank 1, an electrode-tool 4 is connected through the gap, connected to a vibrator 5, which sets the reciprocating movement of the electrode-tool. An electrolyte 3 is fed through the electrode tool 4 into the gap. A pressure sensor 6 is mounted on the electrode tool, for example, a piezoelectric transducer whose working surface is connected to the electrolyte feed channel 3. The output of the pressure sensor 6 is connected to the input of the pressure transducer 7, the output of which is connected to the input the memory unit 8 and to the input of the digital comparator 10, which is connected to the settings block 9. The output of the comparator 10 is connected to the input of the block 11 for short-term or permanent shutdown of the operating voltage source 12, outputs which are connected to the electrode-tool 4 with a negative pole (cathode), and a positive pole (anode) to the workpiece 1.

The electrochemical treatment, carried out by vibration of the electrode-tool 4 with reciprocating movement to the workpiece 1, is characterized in that before the voltage is turned on by a pressure sensor, for example, piezoelectric transducer b, the maximum and minimum pressure in the electrolyte feed channel are measured, and they are converted using the converter 7 into a digital code, which is entered into the memory unit 8, then the operating voltage is applied to the electrodes: the cathode (electrode-tool 4) and the anode (processed by Cooking 1) and is measured in ECHO the actual pressure in the electrolyte supply passage, it is converted in the converter

the code and is fed to a digital comparator 10, where the current pressure value is compared with the value recorded in block 8, the maximum pressure before the ECHO starts, taking into account the value of the setpoint set by the setpoint block 9, and when the current pressure exceeds the setpoint (pressure increase in the channel the electrolyte supply is above the maximum specified, which corresponds to clogging of the gap with ECHO products), briefly turn off the source of operating voltage 12, flush the gap with flowing electrolyte and, when the pressure in the channel decreases, Aci electrolyte to the operating voltage source and include continue ECHO.

At the end of the process of punching the workpiece, the pressure of the electrolyte in the feed channel drops below the minimum value, taking into account the settings of unit 9, the signal from the comparator 10 turns off the source of operating voltage 12, which corresponds to the end of the ECHO process.

Processing example: in the manufacture of filter nets in a sheet blank of steel grade 12X18H9T with a thickness of 0.05 mm, holes of 0.035 × 0.05 mm with a tolerance of 0.01 mm are obtained. A dielectric stencil 2 is installed or applied to the workpiece 1, which defines the contour of the hole in the workpiece 1, with a gap of 0.2 mm, a flat electrode tool 4 is installed, connected to an electromechanical vibrator 5, which sets the reciprocating movement of the electrode tool 4, and the electrolyte 3 is supplied through the electrode tool 4 with a pressure of 0.02 MPa. A pressure sensor is mounted on the electrode-tool 4 — a piezoelectric transducer 6, the working surface of which is connected to the supply channel of the electrolyte 3. The output of the pressure transducer 6 is connected to the input of the pressure transducer in digital code 7, the output signal of the pressure transducer 7 is fed to the input of the digital memory unit 8 and to the input of the digital comparator 10, to which the settings of the limit values of pressure in the feed channel are supplied using the unit 9. (Examples

the performance of the device elements are given in “Fundamentals of Metrology and Electrical Measurements: A Textbook for High Schools” / B.Ya. Avdeev, E.M. Antonyuk, E.M. Dushin and others; Ed. E.M. Dushina. -6th ed., Revised. and add. -L.: Energoatomizdat. Leningra. Department, 1987 .-- 480 p. - [5]) The output signals from the comparator are supplied to the unit for disconnecting the operating voltage source 11. Connect the source 12 of the operating voltage to 6V, voltage loss of 2.2 V. Perforation of the hole is carried out until the signal from the comparator 10 appears that the current pressure drops below the minimum value specified setpoint 9.

Processing time was 28 seconds. Measurement of holes under a UIM21M microscope showed that the dimensions of the holes correspond to the drawing. Without using the proposed device, marriage in the nets due to the error in processing holes is 8-12%. Thus, the goal is achieved.

Claims (1)

A device for the electrochemical processing of a sheet blank containing an electrode tool installed with a gap relative to the workpiece, a vibrator, a pressure sensor, an operating voltage source, characterized in that it contains a dielectric stencil for mounting on the blank, a pressure signal transducer, a memory unit, a setting block , a comparator, the first input of which is connected to the settings block, the second and third inputs - with the first output of the converter and the output of the memory block, the input of which is connected to the second the output of the Converter associated with the pressure sensor installed in the channel for supplying electrolyte made in the electrode-tool, in addition, the output of the comparator through the block off the source of operating voltage is connected to the source of operating voltage.