RU3996U1 - LASER SEMI-ACTIVE Homing head - Google Patents

Abstract

A semi-active laser homing head containing a multi-site photodetector (FPU), the outputs of the peripheral platforms of which are connected to the inputs of triggers and OR circuits through the corresponding amplifiers and the outputs of the central platforms are connected to the inputs of the peak detectors and the adder, the output of which is connected through the comparator through the comparators to the corresponding input of the OR circuit, while the outputs of the two-channel power amplifier are connected to the corresponding gyro rotor control windings osprey, and all amplifiers have gain control inputs, signal amplifiers from peripheral areas of the FPU - additionally channel disconnect inputs, peak detectors - gating and zeroing inputs, comparators - gating inputs, triggers - zeroing inputs, characterized in that the microcontroller is introduced into the circuit, the outputs of the peak detectors and triggers are each connected to a separate analog input of the microcontroller, the output of the OR circuit is connected to the digital input of the microcontroller, two analog outputs of the microcontroller the scooters are connected to the inputs of the two-channel power amplifier, while one digital output of the microcontroller is connected to the control inputs of the amplifiers gain, the second to the disconnect inputs of the signal amplifiers from the peripheral areas of the FPU, the third to the gating inputs of the peak detectors and comparators, the fourth to the inputs of zeroing the peak detectors and triggers, while four more digital outputs of the microcontroller take control signals of the rudders of the media, while the reference inputs of the comparators are fed

Description

Laser semi-active homing head

The presented utility model relates to optoelectronics and can be used in optoelectronic pointing devices, in particular, as a laser semi-active homing head (LPGS).

Similar guidance systems 1, 2, 3, 4 are known. The disadvantages of the guidance devices presented in 1, 2 are the large dimensions and relatively low reliability associated with a large number of discrete electronic components of the circuit, as well as a rigid uncontrolled operation algorithm due to the construction of a circuit based on a rigid logic.

Closest to the proposed device is the LPGS projectile Krasnopol 3, 4, adopted as a prototype. It contains, (Fig. 1) a multi-site photodetector (FPU), amplifier units (BC), peak detectors (BPD), total difference processing (BSROts), normalization (BN), automatic gain control (BAR), the adder (Y ) and a comparator (K) of signals from the central areas of the FPU, as well as blocks of amplifiers (BU), comparators (BC), triggers (BTR), total difference processing (BSROp) of signals from the peripheral areas of the FPU and, in addition, a summing power amplifier (UM) coordinate signals in the gyro rotor control windings, OR circuit , a block for generating steering wheel control signals (BURN), a block for recognizing (selecting) received useful signals against noise and interference, and for controlling all links of the LPGS (BSU), windings OKI, OK2, OKZ, OK4, OKB with a gyro rotor.

The disadvantages of the prototype are:

1) The large dimensions of the LPGS, due to the complexity of the circuit with a large number of discrete radio elements.

W / f7 //

MPKR42V15 / 01 G01S3 / 78

2) Hard unmanaged input signal processing algorithm.

3) The smallest possible number of code frequencies () and coding laws.

The objective of the proposed utility model is to significantly reduce the size of LPGS by simplifying its layout and design while maintaining the basic technical characteristics of LPGS, providing a flexible algorithm for processing input signals and increasing the possible number of code frequencies and coding laws. When using the proposed LPGS, the noise immunity, reliability of the homing system are improved, and the volume of the payload on the carrier of the LPGS also increases.

The problem is solved in the proposed LPGS, consisting of an eight-site FPU, four peak detectors, five comparators, a quick adder of signals from the central sites of the FPU, an OR circuit, four triggers, a signal power amplifier in the gyro rotor control windings.

The proposed LPGS differs from the prototype in that a microcontroller is introduced into the circuit. This made it possible to exclude blocks of total-difference processing, normalization and automatic adjustment of signal amplification from central sites, blocks of total-differential processing of signals from peripheral areas of FPU, a block of selection of useful signals received against the background of noise and interference and control, a block of generating steering wheel control signals due to which the dimensions of LPGS are significantly reduced.

The essence of the proposed LPGS is illustrated by the structural diagram shown in FIG. 2 and consisting of an eight-area four-quadrant photodetector (FPU) 1 with peripheral (An, Bn, Cn, Dn) and central (AC, V c, SC, Dn,) sensitive areas, while the outputs of the sensitive areas are connected to the inputs of amplifiers 2, the outputs of the amplifiers 2 signals from the central sites are connected to the inputs of the peak detectors 3 and the adder 4, and the outputs of the amplifiers 2 signals from the peripheral sites are connected to the inputs of the comparators 5, the input of the comparator 6 is connected to

€ V /

the output of the adder 4, and the output of the comparator 6 is connected to one of the inputs of the OR circuit 7, and a threshold voltage Unop is applied to the reference inputs of the comparators, while the outputs of the comparators 5 are connected to the inputs of the OR circuit 7 and to the inputs of the triggers 8, while the newly introduced in the LPGS circuit, the microcontroller 9 is connected by its analog outputs to the inputs of the power amplifier 10, the outputs of which are connected to the gyro rotor control windings 11, 12 (not shown in Fig. 2), while the analog inputs of the microcontroller 9 are connected to the peak outputs detectors 3 and triggers 8, the digital input of the microcontroller 9 is connected to the output of the OR circuit 7, the first digital output of the microcontroller 9 is connected to the switching inputs of the amplifiers 2 amplifiers, the second digital output is connected to the disconnect inputs of the signal amplifiers from the peripheral areas of the FPU, the third is connected to the peak gating inputs detectors 3 and comparators 5, 6, the fourth to the inputs of zeroing of the peak detectors 3 and triggers 8, while another four digital outputs of the microcontroller 9 are removed control signals of the steering wheels.

LPGS works as follows:

When one of the spots reflected from a backlit object passing through the optical LPGS system reaches one of the peripheral sites of FPU 1 (Ap, Bp, Cn, Dn), a signal pulse appears in one of the amplifiers 2, which passes through the corresponding comparator 5 with the Unop detection threshold set to the input of the OR circuit 7 and then to the digital input of the microcontroller 9, in which the pulse arrival time is fixed and the detection program is started (see the block diagram of the microcontroller operation algorithm in Fig. 3). At the same time, the signal pulse passes through the corresponding trigger 8 to the analog input of the microcontroller 9.

As a result of testing the detection program by the microcontroller 9, the fact of the appearance of signal pulses against the background of noise and interference is confirmed, the Capture command is generated (Fig. 3), by which it is removed from

Gyroscope is spinning and spinning and the measurement program starts. As a result of testing the measurement program, the microcontroller 9 generates analog signals of maximum amplitude that pass through power amplifiers 10 to the windings And, 12 of the gyro rotor control and cause the fastest development of the LPSS of the initial angular mismatch and, accordingly, the establishment of the axis of the moving part of the LPSS in the direction of the illuminated object, then the microcontroller 9 at its second digital output generates a command to disable the peripheral areas of FPU 1, acting on the corresponding amplifiers 2.

When a light spot hits the central areas of the FPU 1, signal pulses occur in the respective amplifiers 2, then in the peak detectors 3 and at the corresponding analog inputs of the microcontroller 9.

The microcontroller 9 in response to the signals from the peak detectors 3 generates spots corresponding to the mismatch of the center of the FPU 1 in magnitude and sign of the signals to the gyro rotor control windings 11, 12, as a result of which the LPSG goes into homing mode, that is, tracking with the required accuracy of the LPS optical axis after the direction to the targeting object, and from the four digital outputs of the microcontroller 9 are removed the control signals of the steering wheels.

When the input signals reach a predetermined level during their growth, the microcontroller 9 generates a command for switching the amplification factors of amplifiers 2 at the corresponding digital output to increase the dynamic range of the input signal.

In addition, in the process of detecting and further operation of the LPGS, the microcontroller 9 generates gating pulses of the peak detectors 3 and comparators 5, 6 and zeroing pulses that determine the operating duration of the signals from the peak detectors 3 and triggers 8.

Structurally, the entire electronic circuit of the proposed LPGS corresponding to the structure depicted in FIG. 2, takes three standard

round boards, compared with ten of the same boards in the product Krasnopol. The circuit uses the TN80C196KC20 microcontroller, AD827, AD843, MAX908, MAX909, 590KN10, 590KN13 microcircuits, and some others, all of which are used widely.

Using a microcontroller makes it easy to implement various algorithms for detecting useful signals and enter into memory the required number of code frequencies and coding laws. To do this, you only need to make the necessary changes to the microcontroller's program of work and re-program the storage device.

So, in the proposed LPGS, thanks to the use of a microcontroller, the problem of significantly reducing the dimensions, storing a larger number of code frequencies () and coding laws than in the prototype, which significantly increases the charge power delivered by the carrier, as well as noise immunity and reliability of the LPGS, has been solved.

Sources of information:

1) US Patent No. 3696248, according to NKI 259-203, publ. in 1972

2) A guidance system for a guided projectile fired from a cannon, F.H. Morrison, D.S. Amberntson, Missile technology and astronautics, vol. 16, No. 2, 1978

3) The CIS adopted a laser-guided projectile, JANES DEFENSE WEEKLY August 8, 1992

4) Description of LPGS Krasnopol - prototype.

Claims (1)

A semi-active laser homing head containing a multi-site photodetector (FPU), the outputs of the peripheral platforms of which are connected to the inputs of triggers and OR circuits through the corresponding amplifiers and the outputs of the central platforms, through the respective amplifiers, are connected to the inputs of the peak detectors and the adder, the output of which is connected through the comparator to the corresponding input of the OR circuit, while the outputs of the two-channel power amplifier are connected to the corresponding gyro rotor control windings osprey, with all amplifiers having gain control inputs, signal amplifiers from peripheral areas of the FPU — additionally channel disconnecting inputs, peak detectors — gating and zeroing inputs, comparators — gating inputs, triggers — zeroing inputs, characterized in that a microcontroller is introduced into the circuit, the outputs of the peak detectors and triggers are each connected to a separate analog input of the microcontroller, the output of the OR circuit is connected to the digital input of the microcontroller, two analog outputs of the microcontroller the scooters are connected to the inputs of the two-channel power amplifier, while one digital output of the microcontroller is connected to the control inputs of the amplification factors of the amplifiers, the second to the disconnect inputs of the signal amplifiers from the peripheral areas of the FPU, the third to the gating inputs of the peak detectors and comparators, the fourth to the inputs of zeroing the peak detectors and triggers, while four more digital outputs of the microcontroller take control signals of the rudders of the media, while the reference inputs of the comparators are fed th trigger voltage U _{n of p.}